2017英语一轮复习必修Unit4Earthquakes课件（48张）
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| 名称 | 2017英语一轮复习必修Unit4Earthquakes课件（48张） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2016-10-24 16:21:26 | ||
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课件48张PPT。Unit 4 Earthquakes 地震Ⅰ. 单词盘点
根据词性和汉语意思写出词汇
1. _____(vi. ) 爆裂；爆发
(n. ) 突然破裂；爆发
2. _____(n. ) 事件；大事
3. ____(n. ) 废墟；毁灭
(vt. ) 毁灭；使破产bursteventruin4. _______（adj. ） 极度的
5. _______(vt. ) 破坏；毁坏；消灭
6. _____(vt. &vi. ) （使）震惊；震动
（n. ） 休克；打击；震惊
7. ______(n. &vt. ) 援救；营救
8. ____(vt. ) 使陷入困境
(n. ) 陷阱；困境extremedestroyshockrescuetrap9. _______(n. ) 灾难；灾祸
10. _____(vt. ) 埋葬；掩埋；隐藏
11. ______(n. ) 掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处
12. _______（n. &vt. ） 损失；损害
13. _____（n. ） 裁判员；法官
（vt. ） 断定；判断；判决disasterburyshelterdamage judge 14. ______(vt. ) 损害；伤害→ ______(n. ) 伤害；损害→ _______ (adj. )受伤的
15. _________(n. ) 电；电流；电学→______ (adj. )用电的；带电的→________（adj. ）与电有关的；电学的
16. _______(vt. ) 使惊吓；吓唬→__________ (adj. ) 受惊的；受恐吓的→ __________(adj. )令人恐惧的
17. _____________(n. ) 祝贺；（复数）贺词→____________ (vt. )祝贺injureinjuryinjuredelectricityelectricelectricalfrightenfrightenedfrighteningcongratulationcongratulate【品词自测】根据所给词的适当形式填空
①In the crash he was seriously _______ . He suffered severe _______ to the head and arms. (injure)
②On seeing the __________ scene, the little girl was so __________ that she burst out crying. (frighten)
③The headmaster wrote a letter to ___________ her on her good performance and the exciting ______________ encouraged her greatly. (congratulate)injuredinjuriesfrighteningfrightenedcongratulatecongratulationsⅡ. 短语回放
1. 立刻；马上 __________
2. 轻视；认为……没价值 ____________
3. 仿佛；好像 ____
4. 结束；终结 _________
5. 严重受损；破败不堪 ________
6. 掘出；发现 _______right awaythink little ofas ifat an endin ruinsdig out7. 许多；大量的 _________________
8. 在户外 _____________
9. 作演讲 ____________
10. 集资；筹款；募捐 ___________a (great) number ofin the open airgive a speechraise moneyⅢ. 句式扫描
1. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were ____ ____________ (太紧张而不敢吃东西）.
2. It seemed ____（仿佛） the world was at an end!
3. Thousands of families were killed and many children were __________________（成了孤儿）.
4. __________________（不是所有的希望都破灭了）. nervous to eatas ifleft without parentsAll hope was not losttoo【仿句自测】根据下面句式仿写句子
①too. . . to. . . 太……以至于不能……
仿写：他太激动，说不出话来。
He was too excited to speak.
②It seems as if. . . 看起来好像……
仿写：天好像要下雨了。
It seems as if it is going to rain. ③all. . . not. . . 并非所有的……都……
仿写：并不是所有的答案都是正确的。
All answers are not correct. 1. burst vi. 爆裂；爆发
n. 突然破裂；爆发
burst out 突然迸发；爆发
burst out doing sth.
= burst into + n. 突然……起来
burst in/into 闯进；突然破门而入
burst with anger/grief/joy 勃然大怒/悲痛欲绝/乐不可支①The police burst in and arrested the drug dealer.
警察突然闯进来，逮捕了这名毒贩。
②When the balloon _____ , the little boy _____ ___ crying/ _____ ___ tears.
气球爆裂后，小男孩放声大哭起来。burstburst outburst into【助记】burst的多层含义爆裂突然（大笑……）突然闯进2. ruin n. ［U］毁灭;毁坏；崩溃;［C］(常用复数)废墟；遗迹
vt. （使）毁坏；毁灭；成为废墟；使破产
（1）lie/be in ruins 成为废墟
come/go/fall to ruin 毁灭；灭亡；崩溃
bring. . . to ruin 使……毁灭；使……没落;
使……破产（2）ruin oneself 毁掉自己，自取灭亡
ruin one’s health/fame/future
毁坏某人的健康/声誉/前途①Years of fighting has left the area in ruins.
连年的战争已经使这个地区成为一片废墟。
②The global economy downturn has brought many small companies to ruin.
全球性的经济不景气已经使许多小公司纷纷破产。
③Much drinking ______ __ ______ .
过量饮酒毁了他的健康。ruined his health【辨析】理解下列区别并选词填空表示“毁灭、毁坏”，是指在一定过程中逐渐对物体进行破坏，使其毁灭。也可用于抽象意义。 表示“损害、损坏”，通常是指对物体的部分的损害，往往暗示损坏后价值、效率、功能可能降低，但这种破坏具有可修复性。damage也可用于指抽象意义。可用作动词或名词，作名词时与介词to搭配，如cause damage to。 表示“毁坏”，通常指彻底毁掉或毁灭，其功能无法或难以修复，也可用于损坏抽象的东西，如名誉、计划、契约等。 ④Thousands of houses were seriously ________ by the storm, and the repair work would last half a month.
⑤The whole city was completely _________ in the sudden flood, leaving nothing to the native people.
⑥The constant rain in the north of China this summer has ______ cash crops such as cotton and peppers. damageddestroyedruined【助记】3. injure vt. 损害；伤害；使受伤
（1）injured adj. 受伤的
the injured 受伤的人（集合概念）
（2）injury n. 伤；伤口；伤害
do sb. an injury/do an injury to sb. 伤害某人①She injured herself while skating. 她在滑冰时受了伤。
②The driver of the car received serious injuries to the legs and arms.
驾车者的双腿和双臂严重受伤。
③A total of 271 people ____ ______ in Shanghai’s subway crash.
在上海地铁追尾事故中总共有271人受伤。were injured【辨析】理解下列区别并选词填空作及物动词时，表示“受伤”；既可以指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神上、情感上的伤害；作不及物动词时，表示“（身体某个部分）疼痛”。 通常指由武器造成的伤害，如刀、枪等的伤害，尤其是指在战场上造成的伤害。 用于表示精神或肉体上的伤害均可，有时也可指引起不安或不便。还可用于抽象事物，尤其是指不道德的事情。 特指意外事故中造成的伤害。 ④Several soldiers were ________ in the attack.
⑤Years of overwork has _______ his health greatly.
⑥What really ____ me was that he ignored me on purpose.
⑦Luckily he was only slightly _______ in the earthquake. woundedharmedhurtinjured4. bury vt. 掩埋；埋葬；使专心，使沉浸；隐藏
bury. . . in. . . 把……埋到/插到……里
bury oneself in/be buried in 埋头于，专注于①He felt lonely after he buried his good friend.
埋葬了好友之后, 他感到很孤独。
②He walked slowly, his hands buried in his pockets.
他走得很慢，两手插在衣袋里。
③Ever since he moved there, he ___ ____ ______ __his research work.
自从搬到那里以后，他一直在专注于研究工作。has been buried in【点津】
表示“专注于某事”的动词短语还有以下几个：
be absorbed in, be devoted to, be lost in, focus on, concentrate on等。 5. at an end 结束; 终结
①The war was at an end. 战争结束了。
②I must warn you that my patience is almost at an end.
我必须警告你我已经没有耐心了。【拓展】补全下列短语
__ the end of 在……的尽头/末尾（指时间或空间）
__ the end of 到……末为止（常与完成时态连用）
__ the end 最后，终于（作状语）
__ end 连续地，直立地atbyinon6. a (great) number of 许多；大量的
①A great number of people were present at the meeting.
很多人出席了会议。②A number of new oilfields ____ (have/has) been opened up recently. (选词填空)
近来许多新的油田已被开发出来。
【点津】
“a number of +可数名词的复数形式”作主语时，谓语动词用复数，意为“许多的，大量的”；“the number of +可数名词的复数形式”作主语时，谓语动词用单数，意为“……的数目”。 have【想一想】还有哪些表示“许多，若干”的短语，它们修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词如何判断？【拓展延伸】表示“许多，若干”的短语的用法
a(great/good/
large) number of
a good/great many
quite a few(1)修饰可数名词谓语动词用复数 a good/great
deal of
a large amount of
quite a little(2)修饰不可数名词谓语动词用单数 a lot of/lots of
a(large) quantity of
(large)quantities of
plenty of(3)修饰可数或
不可数名词除(large)
quantities of外，
谓语动词的单复
数取决于of后
面的名词7. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.
在农家庭院，鸡甚至是猪都紧张得不敢吃东西。
句中too. . . to. . . 为固定句式结构，意为：太……而不能。其用法还有：
(1)当too. . . to. . . 用来修饰表达人的态度、情绪倾向的形容词如anxious, eager, glad, happy, pleased, ready, willing等时，不定式表示肯定意义。
(2)can’t/can never. . . too. . . 再怎么……也不过分①The boy is too weak to lift the heavy box.
这男孩太虚弱，举不起那个重箱子。
②We are all too willing to take your advice.
我们都非常乐意接受你的建议。
③He is not too young to dress himself.
他不是小得连衣服都不会穿。
④You ____ __ ___ ______ while crossing the street.
过马路时你再怎么小心也不过分。can’t be too careful8. All hope was not lost. 不是所有的希望都破灭了。
该句为不完全否定句，也可称之为部分否定句。
(1)当not与all，both，complete, each，every, everyone，everything, whole等具有全部意义的不定代词或形容词连用时，无论not的位置如何，皆表示不完全否定，意为“并非都”。
(2)no，none，no one，neither，nothing，nowhere等表示完全否定。①All these books are not popular with people.
这些书并非全都受人们的欢迎。
②None of us was allowed to go there.
我们全都不让去那里。
③Nothing in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Great Wall.
我的一生中，印象最深的就是第一次参观长城。④Not all my friends smoke. (句型转换)
= ___ my friends _____ smoke.
⑤Everyone is not here. (句型转换)
= ___ ________ is here. Alldon’tNot everyone【真题链接】
［2010江西，27］Swimming is my favorite sport. There is ______ like swimming as a means of keeping fit.
A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything
【解析】选C。句意：游泳是我最喜欢的运动。作为保持健康的方式，没有什么能比得上游泳了。根据句意可知，空格处需要一个表示完全否定意义的词，所以选用nothing。【想一想】not除了和具有全部意义的一些不定代词或形容词连用表示部分否定外，还可以和哪些词连用表示部分否定？【拓展延伸】表示部分否定的其他形式
not与always, altogether, completely, everywhere, entirely, totally, wholly等具有总括意义的副词连用时，皆表示部分否定。
A man of learning is not always a man of wisdom.
有学问的人并不一定都是有智慧的人。
It’s not altogether bad. 这并非完全不好。
I don’t wholly agree with him. 我并不完全同意他的看法。
注意：只要表示“全体”意义的词与否定词连用，都表示部分否定。(1)shelter作名词表“掩蔽，避身处”，作动词多表示“遮挡，掩蔽”。
(2)judge及相关短语judging by/from的用法
(3)leave+宾语+宾语补足语1. ______ his happy look on the face, he must have passed the exam this time.
A. Judging from B. To judge from
C. Judged from D. Judge by
【解析】选A。Judging from为插入语结构，不受句子主语和语态限制，故正确答案只能选A。2. A good story does not necessarily have to have a happy ending，but the reader must not be left ______ .
A. unsatisfied B. unsatisfying
C. to be unsatisfying D. being unsatisfied
【解析】选A。本题的选项处含有“leave+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，分词和不定式都可作该结构的补足语；但据题意此处应为“使某人感到不满意”，故应用过去分词形式的形容词unsatisfied作补足语。3. 完成句子
①他们在一棵大树下避雨。
They took ______ from the rain under a big tree.
②墙壁遮挡着, 使我们免遭风吹。
The wall ________ us from the wind. sheltersheltered
根据词性和汉语意思写出词汇
1. _____(vi. ) 爆裂；爆发
(n. ) 突然破裂；爆发
2. _____(n. ) 事件；大事
3. ____(n. ) 废墟；毁灭
(vt. ) 毁灭；使破产bursteventruin4. _______（adj. ） 极度的
5. _______(vt. ) 破坏；毁坏；消灭
6. _____(vt. &vi. ) （使）震惊；震动
（n. ） 休克；打击；震惊
7. ______(n. &vt. ) 援救；营救
8. ____(vt. ) 使陷入困境
(n. ) 陷阱；困境extremedestroyshockrescuetrap9. _______(n. ) 灾难；灾祸
10. _____(vt. ) 埋葬；掩埋；隐藏
11. ______(n. ) 掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处
12. _______（n. &vt. ） 损失；损害
13. _____（n. ） 裁判员；法官
（vt. ） 断定；判断；判决disasterburyshelterdamage judge 14. ______(vt. ) 损害；伤害→ ______(n. ) 伤害；损害→ _______ (adj. )受伤的
15. _________(n. ) 电；电流；电学→______ (adj. )用电的；带电的→________（adj. ）与电有关的；电学的
16. _______(vt. ) 使惊吓；吓唬→__________ (adj. ) 受惊的；受恐吓的→ __________(adj. )令人恐惧的
17. _____________(n. ) 祝贺；（复数）贺词→____________ (vt. )祝贺injureinjuryinjuredelectricityelectricelectricalfrightenfrightenedfrighteningcongratulationcongratulate【品词自测】根据所给词的适当形式填空
①In the crash he was seriously _______ . He suffered severe _______ to the head and arms. (injure)
②On seeing the __________ scene, the little girl was so __________ that she burst out crying. (frighten)
③The headmaster wrote a letter to ___________ her on her good performance and the exciting ______________ encouraged her greatly. (congratulate)injuredinjuriesfrighteningfrightenedcongratulatecongratulationsⅡ. 短语回放
1. 立刻；马上 __________
2. 轻视；认为……没价值 ____________
3. 仿佛；好像 ____
4. 结束；终结 _________
5. 严重受损；破败不堪 ________
6. 掘出；发现 _______right awaythink little ofas ifat an endin ruinsdig out7. 许多；大量的 _________________
8. 在户外 _____________
9. 作演讲 ____________
10. 集资；筹款；募捐 ___________a (great) number ofin the open airgive a speechraise moneyⅢ. 句式扫描
1. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were ____ ____________ (太紧张而不敢吃东西）.
2. It seemed ____（仿佛） the world was at an end!
3. Thousands of families were killed and many children were __________________（成了孤儿）.
4. __________________（不是所有的希望都破灭了）. nervous to eatas ifleft without parentsAll hope was not losttoo【仿句自测】根据下面句式仿写句子
①too. . . to. . . 太……以至于不能……
仿写：他太激动，说不出话来。
He was too excited to speak.
②It seems as if. . . 看起来好像……
仿写：天好像要下雨了。
It seems as if it is going to rain. ③all. . . not. . . 并非所有的……都……
仿写：并不是所有的答案都是正确的。
All answers are not correct. 1. burst vi. 爆裂；爆发
n. 突然破裂；爆发
burst out 突然迸发；爆发
burst out doing sth.
= burst into + n. 突然……起来
burst in/into 闯进；突然破门而入
burst with anger/grief/joy 勃然大怒/悲痛欲绝/乐不可支①The police burst in and arrested the drug dealer.
警察突然闯进来，逮捕了这名毒贩。
②When the balloon _____ , the little boy _____ ___ crying/ _____ ___ tears.
气球爆裂后，小男孩放声大哭起来。burstburst outburst into【助记】burst的多层含义爆裂突然（大笑……）突然闯进2. ruin n. ［U］毁灭;毁坏；崩溃;［C］(常用复数)废墟；遗迹
vt. （使）毁坏；毁灭；成为废墟；使破产
（1）lie/be in ruins 成为废墟
come/go/fall to ruin 毁灭；灭亡；崩溃
bring. . . to ruin 使……毁灭；使……没落;
使……破产（2）ruin oneself 毁掉自己，自取灭亡
ruin one’s health/fame/future
毁坏某人的健康/声誉/前途①Years of fighting has left the area in ruins.
连年的战争已经使这个地区成为一片废墟。
②The global economy downturn has brought many small companies to ruin.
全球性的经济不景气已经使许多小公司纷纷破产。
③Much drinking ______ __ ______ .
过量饮酒毁了他的健康。ruined his health【辨析】理解下列区别并选词填空表示“毁灭、毁坏”，是指在一定过程中逐渐对物体进行破坏，使其毁灭。也可用于抽象意义。 表示“损害、损坏”，通常是指对物体的部分的损害，往往暗示损坏后价值、效率、功能可能降低，但这种破坏具有可修复性。damage也可用于指抽象意义。可用作动词或名词，作名词时与介词to搭配，如cause damage to。 表示“毁坏”，通常指彻底毁掉或毁灭，其功能无法或难以修复，也可用于损坏抽象的东西，如名誉、计划、契约等。 ④Thousands of houses were seriously ________ by the storm, and the repair work would last half a month.
⑤The whole city was completely _________ in the sudden flood, leaving nothing to the native people.
⑥The constant rain in the north of China this summer has ______ cash crops such as cotton and peppers. damageddestroyedruined【助记】3. injure vt. 损害；伤害；使受伤
（1）injured adj. 受伤的
the injured 受伤的人（集合概念）
（2）injury n. 伤；伤口；伤害
do sb. an injury/do an injury to sb. 伤害某人①She injured herself while skating. 她在滑冰时受了伤。
②The driver of the car received serious injuries to the legs and arms.
驾车者的双腿和双臂严重受伤。
③A total of 271 people ____ ______ in Shanghai’s subway crash.
在上海地铁追尾事故中总共有271人受伤。were injured【辨析】理解下列区别并选词填空作及物动词时，表示“受伤”；既可以指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神上、情感上的伤害；作不及物动词时，表示“（身体某个部分）疼痛”。 通常指由武器造成的伤害，如刀、枪等的伤害，尤其是指在战场上造成的伤害。 用于表示精神或肉体上的伤害均可，有时也可指引起不安或不便。还可用于抽象事物，尤其是指不道德的事情。 特指意外事故中造成的伤害。 ④Several soldiers were ________ in the attack.
⑤Years of overwork has _______ his health greatly.
⑥What really ____ me was that he ignored me on purpose.
⑦Luckily he was only slightly _______ in the earthquake. woundedharmedhurtinjured4. bury vt. 掩埋；埋葬；使专心，使沉浸；隐藏
bury. . . in. . . 把……埋到/插到……里
bury oneself in/be buried in 埋头于，专注于①He felt lonely after he buried his good friend.
埋葬了好友之后, 他感到很孤独。
②He walked slowly, his hands buried in his pockets.
他走得很慢，两手插在衣袋里。
③Ever since he moved there, he ___ ____ ______ __his research work.
自从搬到那里以后，他一直在专注于研究工作。has been buried in【点津】
表示“专注于某事”的动词短语还有以下几个：
be absorbed in, be devoted to, be lost in, focus on, concentrate on等。 5. at an end 结束; 终结
①The war was at an end. 战争结束了。
②I must warn you that my patience is almost at an end.
我必须警告你我已经没有耐心了。【拓展】补全下列短语
__ the end of 在……的尽头/末尾（指时间或空间）
__ the end of 到……末为止（常与完成时态连用）
__ the end 最后，终于（作状语）
__ end 连续地，直立地atbyinon6. a (great) number of 许多；大量的
①A great number of people were present at the meeting.
很多人出席了会议。②A number of new oilfields ____ (have/has) been opened up recently. (选词填空)
近来许多新的油田已被开发出来。
【点津】
“a number of +可数名词的复数形式”作主语时，谓语动词用复数，意为“许多的，大量的”；“the number of +可数名词的复数形式”作主语时，谓语动词用单数，意为“……的数目”。 have【想一想】还有哪些表示“许多，若干”的短语，它们修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词如何判断？【拓展延伸】表示“许多，若干”的短语的用法
a(great/good/
large) number of
a good/great many
quite a few(1)修饰可数名词谓语动词用复数 a good/great
deal of
a large amount of
quite a little(2)修饰不可数名词谓语动词用单数 a lot of/lots of
a(large) quantity of
(large)quantities of
plenty of(3)修饰可数或
不可数名词除(large)
quantities of外，
谓语动词的单复
数取决于of后
面的名词7. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.
在农家庭院，鸡甚至是猪都紧张得不敢吃东西。
句中too. . . to. . . 为固定句式结构，意为：太……而不能。其用法还有：
(1)当too. . . to. . . 用来修饰表达人的态度、情绪倾向的形容词如anxious, eager, glad, happy, pleased, ready, willing等时，不定式表示肯定意义。
(2)can’t/can never. . . too. . . 再怎么……也不过分①The boy is too weak to lift the heavy box.
这男孩太虚弱，举不起那个重箱子。
②We are all too willing to take your advice.
我们都非常乐意接受你的建议。
③He is not too young to dress himself.
他不是小得连衣服都不会穿。
④You ____ __ ___ ______ while crossing the street.
过马路时你再怎么小心也不过分。can’t be too careful8. All hope was not lost. 不是所有的希望都破灭了。
该句为不完全否定句，也可称之为部分否定句。
(1)当not与all，both，complete, each，every, everyone，everything, whole等具有全部意义的不定代词或形容词连用时，无论not的位置如何，皆表示不完全否定，意为“并非都”。
(2)no，none，no one，neither，nothing，nowhere等表示完全否定。①All these books are not popular with people.
这些书并非全都受人们的欢迎。
②None of us was allowed to go there.
我们全都不让去那里。
③Nothing in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Great Wall.
我的一生中，印象最深的就是第一次参观长城。④Not all my friends smoke. (句型转换)
= ___ my friends _____ smoke.
⑤Everyone is not here. (句型转换)
= ___ ________ is here. Alldon’tNot everyone【真题链接】
［2010江西，27］Swimming is my favorite sport. There is ______ like swimming as a means of keeping fit.
A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything
【解析】选C。句意：游泳是我最喜欢的运动。作为保持健康的方式，没有什么能比得上游泳了。根据句意可知，空格处需要一个表示完全否定意义的词，所以选用nothing。【想一想】not除了和具有全部意义的一些不定代词或形容词连用表示部分否定外，还可以和哪些词连用表示部分否定？【拓展延伸】表示部分否定的其他形式
not与always, altogether, completely, everywhere, entirely, totally, wholly等具有总括意义的副词连用时，皆表示部分否定。
A man of learning is not always a man of wisdom.
有学问的人并不一定都是有智慧的人。
It’s not altogether bad. 这并非完全不好。
I don’t wholly agree with him. 我并不完全同意他的看法。
注意：只要表示“全体”意义的词与否定词连用，都表示部分否定。(1)shelter作名词表“掩蔽，避身处”，作动词多表示“遮挡，掩蔽”。
(2)judge及相关短语judging by/from的用法
(3)leave+宾语+宾语补足语1. ______ his happy look on the face, he must have passed the exam this time.
A. Judging from B. To judge from
C. Judged from D. Judge by
【解析】选A。Judging from为插入语结构，不受句子主语和语态限制，故正确答案只能选A。2. A good story does not necessarily have to have a happy ending，but the reader must not be left ______ .
A. unsatisfied B. unsatisfying
C. to be unsatisfying D. being unsatisfied
【解析】选A。本题的选项处含有“leave+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，分词和不定式都可作该结构的补足语；但据题意此处应为“使某人感到不满意”，故应用过去分词形式的形容词unsatisfied作补足语。3. 完成句子
①他们在一棵大树下避雨。
They took ______ from the rain under a big tree.
②墙壁遮挡着, 使我们免遭风吹。
The wall ________ us from the wind. sheltersheltered