XB3U2人教版选必3 Unit2语篇分析＋阅读单（教师版）
选修3 Unit 2 Reading and Thinking语篇分析
分析维度 内容项
What：语篇的主题、内容、结构、逻辑关系 一、文章基本信息 文章标题：Habits for a healthy lifestyle作者： 文章类型：说明文主题/中心思想：文章主要探讨了青少年在成长过程中容易形成坏习惯，阐述了习惯的形成机制（习惯循环，包括提示、惯例、奖励三个要素），并介绍了改变坏习惯和养成好习惯的方法，强调改变习惯需要时间、自律，年轻人有足够时间去改变坏习惯，掌握构建健康快乐生活的能力。
二、文本结构与内容分析 整体结构：文章可分为三个部分。第一部分引出青少年易形成坏习惯及改变的必要性；第二部分详细介绍习惯循环的概念和运作方式；第三部分讲述如何改变坏习惯、养成好习惯以及改变习惯的正确方式。段落分布：第一段为引言，指出青少年成长中易形成坏习惯及危害，引出主题；第二段强调改变习惯的困难，引出习惯循环的介绍；第三至五段为主体部分，介绍习惯循环的具体内容并举例说明；第六段阐述利用习惯循环改变坏习惯和养成好习惯的方法；第七段说明改变习惯应循序渐进，不能急于求成；第八段总结，鼓励年轻人改变坏习惯，建立健康生活。逻辑关系：文章采用总分总的结构，先提出问题（青少年坏习惯问题），然后分析问题（习惯循环机制），最后解决问题（改变和养成习惯的方法）。各部分之间逻辑连贯，层层递进对比关系：文章通过对比“早上担心”和“晚上自信”的情感变化，突出了学生逐渐适应新环境的过程。衔接与连贯：使用了“however”“for example”“firstly”“secondly”“thirdly”“aside from” 等连接词和短语，使文章内容过渡自然，逻辑清晰；同时，通过举例的方式增强了文章的连贯性和可读性。段落功能：第一段引出话题，引起读者兴趣；第二段为下文介绍习惯循环做铺垫；第三至五段具体解释习惯循环的原理；第六段提供改变和养成习惯的具体策略；第七段强调改变习惯的正确态度；第八段总结全文，鼓励读者行动起来。
Why：语篇的深层涵义、情感态度、作者意图 三、写作意图与文化背景分析 文化背景：文章中引用了亚里士多德的哲学名言和中国哲学家老子的话，体现了跨文化背景知识的运用。亚里士多德的哲学强调行为对习惯形成的影响，老子的话强调了积累和循序渐进的重要性。作者通过引用这些名言，增强了文章的说服力和文化内涵。背景知识的运用：文章中关于习惯循环的知识属于现代心理学范畴，读者需要对心理学知识有一定了解才能更好地理解文章内容。同时，对一些常见的不良习惯（如烟草和酒精滥用）的认识也需要一定的生活常识。写作意图：作者写作的目的是向读者尤其是青少年介绍习惯的形成和改变机制，帮助他们认识到坏习惯的危害，掌握改变坏习惯和养成好习惯的方法，从而过上健康快乐的生活。
四、情感态度与价值取向分析 情感态度：作者对青少年形成坏习惯持担忧态度，对改变习惯和养成好习惯持积极乐观态度，鼓励读者要有信心和耐心去改变。。价值取向：文章传达了积极的道德和社会价值观，强调了自律、自我管理和健康生活方式的重要性，鼓励年轻人积极主动地改变自己，追求更好的生活。
五、论点与文章有效性分析 论点清晰度与证据支持：作者的论点清晰明确，即青少年要改变坏习惯，养成好习惯。通过介绍习惯循环的原理和具体例子，以及引用名言，为论点提供了充分的证据支持。文章有效性与局限性：文章在解释习惯循环和提供改变习惯的方法方面表现出较强的说服力，但对于一些复杂的习惯问题，可能没有深入探讨。例如，对于成瘾性习惯（如毒品成瘾）的改变，文章没有提供具体的应对策略。文章与现实的联系：文章的观点在当今社会中非常实用，许多人都面临着习惯改变的问题。文章提供的方法和建议容易引发读者的共鸣，帮助他们在实际生活中更好地管理自己的习惯。
六、逻辑关系与推理分析 显性逻辑关系：文章中存在明显的因果关系，如坏习惯如果不加以控制会导致更严重的后果；习惯循环中提示、惯例和奖励之间存在因果联系。同时，文章也使用了对比关系，如将不健康的习惯循环（吃零食）与健康的习惯循环（听音乐）进行对比。隐性推理与假设：文章中隐含的推理是，只要理解了习惯循环的原理，就可以通过改变习惯循环中的某个环节来改变习惯。假设读者能够按照文章提供的方法去实践，就能够成功地改变坏习惯和养成好习惯。
How：语篇的文体特征、语言特点、修辞手法、结构分析 七、语言与文体特征分析 语言特点：文章语言简洁明了，使用了一些专业术语（如 “habit cycle”“cue”“routine”“reward”），但都进行了详细的解释，易于理解。同时，文章中也使用了一些感彩词汇，如 “unhappy”“positive”“negative” 等，增强了文章的表达效果。句式与句型分析：文章使用了多种句式，包括简单句、复合句和并列句。例如，“As teenagers grow up, they become more independent and start making their own decisions.” 是一个复合句，“We make a choice to do something, and then we repeat it over and over again.” 是一个并列句。句式的变化使文章更加生动，避免了单调。文体特征：文章属于说明文，语言正式、客观，旨在向读者传达关于习惯形成和改变的知识和方法。修辞手法：文章使用了引用的修辞手法，如引用亚里士多德和老子的名言，增强了文章的说服力和文化内涵。
八、写作手法分析 写作技巧与表达方式：文章运用了举例说明的写作技巧，通过具体的例子（如吃零食、听音乐、乘坐电梯等）来解释抽象的概念（习惯循环），使读者更容易理解。同时，文章也采用了对比的手法，突出了健康习惯和不健康习惯的差异，增强了文章的说服力。
九、个人理解与批判性思维 个人理解与反思：文章对习惯形成和改变的分析较为全面和深入，提供的方法具有一定的可行性和实用性。同意作者的观点，改变习惯需要时间和耐心，不能急于求成。文章也让我更加深刻地认识到习惯对生活的影响，促使我反思自己的习惯并思考如何进行改变。批判性思维与反思：文章在一定程度上简化了习惯改变的过程，对于一些复杂的习惯问题，可能需要更专业的帮助和指导。此外，文章没有充分考虑到个体差异对习惯改变的影响，不同的人可能需要不同的方法和策略来改变习惯。在运用批判性思维对待作者的论证时，我们应该认识到文章的局限性，并结合自己的实际情况进行思考和实践。
课文语言表达梳理 一、情感描述相关表达The good news is that we can change, if we understand how habits work.用法：直接点明 “good news”，给读者带来积极信号，让读者对改变习惯充满希望，语言简洁明了地传达乐观情绪替换表达：Fortunately, we possess the ability to transform our habits once we comprehend the mechanisms underlying their formation.However, during this period, it can be easy for some of them to form bad habits. These bad habits, if left unchecked, could lead to more serious ones when they become adults.用法：作者以较为平实的语言阐述青少年易形成坏习惯及潜在危害，传递出对青少年成长状况的担忧。没有使用过于情绪化的词汇，而是通过理性陈述引发读者对问题的重视。替换表达：Nevertheless, in this stage of growth, adolescents are prone to developing bad habits. If these habits are not addressed in time, they might evolve into graver issues as the youngsters reach adulthood.You have the power to build a happy and healthy life full of good habits!用法：运用第二人称 “you”，增强与读者的互动感，“have the power” 强调读者自身具备的能力，传递出强烈的鼓励情感替换表达：You are empowered to construct a joyous and healthy existence brimming with positive habits!
行为描写相关表达For example, when we feel unhappy (cue), we eat lots of unhealthy snacks (routine), which makes us feel happy (reward).用法：清晰地描述了在 “感到不开心” 这一提示下，“吃大量不健康零食” 的习惯性行为以及由此获得 “感到开心” 的奖励，将习惯循环中的行为模式生动展现替换表达：For instance, whenever we experience unhappiness (cue), we indulge in a large quantity of junk food (routine), and this consumption brings about a sense of pleasure.So, when we feel unhappy again (cue), rather than eat snacks, we could listen to some of our favorite music instead (routine), which will make us feel relaxed (reward).用法：描绘了在相同提示下，用 “听喜欢的音乐” 这一积极行为替代 “吃零食” 的消极行为，具体呈现了改变习惯行为的方式替换表达：Thus, when that feeling of unhappiness resurfaces (cue), instead of reaching for snacks, we might opt to listen to our cherished tunes (routine), and this activity will render us feeling at ease (reward).We can do this by combining the information from our habit cycles with our own positive ideas.用法：提出将习惯循环信息与自身积极想法相结合的行为方式，为改变习惯提供了具体思路替换表达：We are able to achieve this by integrating the knowledge about our habit loops with our personal positive concepts.
结果与反思相关表达For example, some of them may become involved in tobacco or alcohol abuse, which can lead to physical and mental health problems.用法：具体指出青少年参与烟草或酒精滥用这种坏习惯会引发身体和心理健康问题的严重后果替换表达：For example, certain adolescents might engage in the abuse of tobacco or alcohol, and this can give rise to both physical and psychological health issues.We make a choice to do something, and then we repeat it over and over again. Soon that choice becomes automatic and forms a habit that is much harder to change.用法：阐述了习惯形成过程以及最终形成难以改变的习惯这一结果，引导读者反思习惯形成机制替换表达：We decide to perform an action, and subsequently, we repeat it time and time again. Before long, that decision becomes an automatic response and develops into a habit that is far more difficult to break.You have the power to build a happy and healthy life full of good habits!用法：既包含情感鼓励，又展望了改变习惯后能构建幸福健康且充满好习惯生活的美好结果替换表达：You hold the capacity to create a blissful and wholesome life replete with positive habits!
文章结构梳理 Article Analysis: Habits for a healthy lifestyle
1. Main IdeaThe main idea of this text is that teenagers are prone to developing bad habits as they grow up, which may lead to more serious issues in adulthood5. But by understanding the "habit cycle" consisting of cue, routine and reward, teenagers can change bad habits and form good ones5. It emphasizes that changing habits takes time and self-discipline, and young people should take small steps to achieve their goals, enabling them to build a happy and healthy life filled with good habits5.
2. Paragraph Summaries and FunctionsParagraph 1Summary: As teenagers mature and gain more independence, they are at risk of forming bad habits. These bad habits, if not corrected, can worsen when they become adults. For example, some may get involved in tobacco or alcohol abuse, leading to physical and mental health problems. It's crucial to prevent such harmful habits from taking over a teenager's life by recognizing them early and making appropriate changes.Function: Introduce the topic of the text. Highlight the problem of teenagers developing bad habits and the potential consequences, thus setting the stage for the subsequent discussion on habit change and formation. It grabs the reader's attention by presenting a relevant and concerning issue for teenagers.Paragraph 2Summary: Changing bad habits is difficult even after multiple attempts. A famous saying by Aristotle states that our repeated actions define us. In many ways, our lifestyle is the result of the choices we make repeatedly. These repeated choices become automatic and form habits that are hard to change. However, the good news is that we can change if we understand how habits work.Function: Transition from the problem of bad habits to the difficulty of changing them. Cite a philosophical saying to support the idea that habits are formed through repetition. Also, introduce the concept that understanding how habits work is the key to making a change, which paves the way for the following explanation of the habit cycle.Paragraph 3Summary: According to modern psychology, we need to learn about the "habit cycle" which consists of three components. Firstly, there is a "cue", which is an action, event, or situation that signals us to do something.Function: Begin to explain the concept of the "habit cycle" that was mentioned in the previous paragraph. Define the first element of the cycle, the "cue", which is essential for understanding how habits are triggered.Paragraph 4Summary: The second component of the habit cycle is the "routine", which is the regular action we take in response to the cue.Function: Continue to elaborate on the "habit cycle" by defining the second element, the "routine". This helps the reader build a more complete understanding of how habits operate.Paragraph 5Summary: The third component of the habit cycle is the "reward", which is the good thing or feeling we get from performing the routine. An example is given where feeling unhappy (cue) leads to eating lots of unhealthy snacks (routine), and this makes us feel happy (reward), thus forming a bad habit.Function: inish defining the elements of the "habit cycle" by explaining the "reward" and providing a practical example to illustrate how the three elements work together to form a habit. This makes the abstract concept more concrete and easier for the reader to understand.Paragraph 6Summary: To change bad habits in a positive way, we should examine our bad habit cycles and adapt them. We can do this by combining the information from our habit cycles with our positive ideas, like replacing a negative routine (eating snacks when unhappy) with a positive one (listening to music when unhappy). We can also use the habit cycle to create good habits, such as taking the stairs instead of riding an escalator when we come across it.Function: Provide practical strategies on how to use the knowledge of the habit cycle to change bad habits and create good ones. It offers specific examples to show how to implement these strategies, giving the reader actionable advice.Paragraph 7Summary: Many people try to change bad habits quickly and get pessimistic and give up if they don't succeed immediately. In fact, the most successful way to change is gradually over time, as stated by the Chinese philosopher Lao Zi, "A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step." Small steps are essential, and one must show discipline and take many small steps to reach the goal of change.Function: Warn against the common mistake of expecting quick results when changing habits. Emphasize the importance of patience, taking small steps, and showing discipline. The quote from Lao Zi adds credibility and a sense of wisdom to the argument, reinforcing the idea that lasting change takes time.Paragraph 8Summary: Young people have plenty of time to change bad habits, but there is no easy solution. They have to think about their bad habits and decide to make changes. They have the power to build a happy and healthy life full of good habits.Function: Conclude the text by encouraging young people to take action to change their habits. Reiterate that while there is no "magic pill" for change, they have the ability to transform their lives. It leaves the reader with a positive and empowering message.
3. Key Details from Each ParagraphParagraph 1Teenagers become more independent as they grow up and are at risk of forming bad habits.Bad habits, if not controlled during adolescence, can lead to more serious ones in adulthood.Example of bad habits: involvement in tobacco or alcohol abuse, which can cause physical and mental health problems.It's crucial to prevent harmful habits from dominating a teenager's life by recognizing them early and making changes.Paragraph 2Changing bad habits is challenging even after multiple attempts.Quote from Aristotle: "We are what we repeatedly do", indicating that our repeated actions define our habits.Our lifestyle is the sum of the choices we make repeatedly, and these choices become automatic, forming hard-to-change habits.There is hope as we can change if we understand how habits work.Paragraph 3According to modern psychology, the "habit cycle" is important to understand.The first component of the habit cycle is the "cue", which is an action, event, or situation that acts as a signal to do something.Paragraph 4The second part of the habit cycle is the "routine", which is the regular action taken in response to the cue.Paragraph 5The third element of the habit cycle is the "reward", which is the good thing or feeling obtained from the routine.Example of a bad habit cycle: feeling unhappy (cue) leads to eating lots of unhealthy snacks (routine), and this makes one feel happy (reward), thus forming a bad habit.Paragraph 6To change bad habits positively, we need to examine our bad habit cycles and adapt them.We can combine information from our habit cycles with positive ideas.Example of changing a bad habit: replacing the negative routine of eating snacks when unhappy with the positive routine of listening to music when unhappy.We can also use the habit cycle to create good habits, like taking the stairs instead of using an escalator.Paragraph 7Reflecting on the day, the author acknowledges their initial worries were unnecessary.They express optimism about making new friends and exploring high school life.Paragraph 8Many people try to change bad habits quickly and become pessimistic and give up if they don't succeed right away.The most successful way to change is gradually over time, as expressed in the quote from Lao Zi, "A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step".Small steps are essential, and discipline is needed to repeatedly take these small steps to reach the goal of change.
Reading Comprehension Worksheet（教师版）
X Book 3 Unit 2 Reading and Thinking: Habits for a healthy lifestyle
I. Understanding and Main Idea Extraction（What文章理解与主旨提取）
A. Please briefly describe the potential harm of teenagers' bad habits.
If not controlled, teenagers' bad habits may develop into more serious ones in adulthood, such as tobacco or alcohol abuse, which can then trigger physical and psychological health problems.
B. " Read the article and fill in the blanks with the correct content.
If teenagers' bad habits are not controlled, when they become adults, they may develop more serious habits such as __________ or __________. These habits can lead to __________ and __________ health problems."
Answer: " tobacco abuse, alcohol abuse, physical, mental"
目的： 精准考查学生对文章中关键细节信息的准确记忆与书写能力，确保学生对特定信息的掌握无偏差。
阅读技能目标：
培养学生对细节的理解、归纳与表达能力，提升其从文本中提炼关键信息并进行有效输出的能力，锻炼学生的逻辑思维与语言运用能力。
A. What is the specific content of the habit cycle
Answer: The habit cycle includes three parts. Firstly, there is the "cue", which is an action, event, or situation that serves as a signal to do something. Secondly, it is the "routine", that is, the regular action you take in response to the cue. Finally, it is the "reward", which is the good thing or feeling we get from the routine.
B. "The habit cycle consists of three key elements, namely the __________ that serves as a signal for action, the regular action taken in response to the signal, which is the __________, and the good thing or feeling obtained from the regular action, that is the __________."
Answer: " cue, routine, reward "
目的： 检验学生对文章细节内容的理解深度与语言组织、表达能力，要求学生能够将文章中的信息转化为自己的语言进行阐述。。
阅读技能目标：
强化学生的细节识别与信息留存能力，训练学生在阅读过程中对重要信息的敏感度，提升其信息提取的准确性与完整性。
Please summarize the main content of the article in a paragraph (no more than 100 words), covering the key issues discussed in the article and the main viewpoints.
Answer: The article mainly discusses that teenagers are prone to form bad habits and their harms. It introduces the concept of the habit cycle (cue, routine, reward), expounds on the methods of using the habit cycle to change bad habits and form good ones, emphasizes that change requires time and self-discipline, and encourages teenagers to build a healthy life.
目的： 要求学生从宏观角度审视文章，综合各段落内容，提炼出文章的核心主题与关键观点，考查学生对文章整体的理解与归纳能力。
阅读技能目标：
锻炼学生的整体阅读与概括能力，使学生能够在众多细节信息中抓住文章的主线，提升其对复杂文本的综合理解与提炼能力，培养学生的全局观。理解特定经历如何影响人物的看法和态度。
II. Emotional and Deeper Meaning Analysis（Why情感与深层意义分析）
Suppose you are a teenage psychologist. According to the author's viewpoints and attitude expressed in the article, what suggestions and encouragements would you give to teenagers who are troubled by habit change Please elaborate in combination with the content of the article.
Answer: First, help them understand the habit cycle concept. Encourage them to identify the cues that trigger their bad habits. For example, if they tend to snack unhealthily when stressed (cue), we can work on finding alternative, positive routines like going for a short walk or listening to music to replace the unhealthy snacking. Remind them that changing habits takes time, just like the author emphasized with the quote "A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step." Encourage them to take small, consistent steps and not get discouraged by setbacks. Also, highlight the rewards they can gain from good habits, such as better physical health, increased self-esteem, and a more positive mindset. Let them know that they have the power within themselves to make these changes and build a happier and healthier life.
目的：鼓励学生将作者的观点与实际应用相结合，考查学生对观点的理解深度以及知识迁移能力，锻炼学生运用所学知识解决实际问题的能力。
阅读技能目标：
培养学生对知识的灵活运用能力，使其能够将文章中的观点与现实情境相联系，提升学生的思维拓展与实践应用能力，培养学生的创新思维与解决问题的能力。
A. After reading the article, judge whether the author's attitude towards teenagers changing their habits is positive, negative, neutral, or uncertain, and elaborate the reasons in combination with the content of the article.
Answer: " The author's attitude towards teenagers changing their habits is positive. The reasons are as follows: The article mentions that "For young people, there is plenty of time to change bad habits...You have the power to build a happy and healthy life full of good habits!", indicating that the author believes that teenagers have enough time and ability to change their habits through the right methods and build a healthy and happy life. The author's confidence and encouragement towards teenagers' habit change are reflected between the lines, so the attitude is positive."
B. What is the author's intention of citing this saying
Answer: The author's intention of citing this saying is to emphasize that changing habits is a long process and cannot be achieved overnight. It requires step-by-step accumulation and gradual progress. One needs to have patience and perseverance and repeatedly take small steps to finally achieve the goal of habit change.
C. Please combine the content of the article to talk about your understanding of this saying in terms of habit change.
Answer: In the context of habit change, this saying aligns with the article's message that habits are formed and changed through repeated actions. Just as a long journey starts with a single step, changing a habit begins with making a small, conscious choice to do something differently. The article mentions that many people expect immediate results when trying to change habits and get discouraged when they don't see instant success. However, by taking one small step at a time, like replacing an unhealthy routine with a healthier one, and repeating these steps consistently, teenagers can gradually transform their habits. Each small step contributes to the overall journey of habit change, and over time, these steps accumulate to bring about significant and lasting change.
目的： 要求学生判断文章结构类型，并结合具体内容阐述理由，考查学生对文章结构的深入理解与逻辑分析能力。
阅读技能目标：
提升学生对文章结构的识别与解读能力，使其能够通过对文章内容的分析，准确判断结构类型，并清晰阐述原因，培养学生的逻辑思维与批判性思维能力。
A. If the article continues, what aspects do you think the author may further elaborate on the issue of teenagers' habit formation Please reason in combination with the logic and viewpoints of the article and briefly explain the reasons.
Answer: If the article continues, the author might further elaborate on specific strategies for teenagers to maintain good habits in the face of challenges. For example, discussing how to deal with peer pressure that may tempt them back into bad habits. The reason is that the article has already focused on understanding and changing habits, and maintaining good habits is a logical next step. Also, the author could provide more in-depth examples of how different teenagers have successfully changed their habits and the lessons learned from their experiences. This would provide practical inspiration and guidance for readers. Additionally, the author might explore the role of the environment in habit formation and change, such as how a supportive family or school environment can facilitate positive habit development. This ties in with the overall theme of helping teenagers build a healthy life through habit change and expands on the factors that influence the process.
目的： 假设文章继续延伸，让学生基于现有文章的逻辑和观点进行推理，考查学生对文章整体逻辑的把握以及思维的拓展能力。
阅读技能目标：
培养学生的逻辑推理与思维拓展能力，让学生在理解文章现有逻辑的基础上，进行合理的预测与推理，提升学生对文章内容的深入理解与灵活运用能力，培养学生的创新思维与前瞻性思维。
III. Structural Analysis and Creative Output（How结构分析与创造性输出）
A. The structure of the article is a general-specific-general structure. Please combine the specific content of the article to elaborate why it is this structure.
Answer: " At the beginning of the article, it puts forward the problem that teenagers are prone to form bad habits and the harms, which is a general statement; in the middle, it elaborates in detail on the content of the habit cycle and how to use it to change and form habits, conducting specific analysis and explanation, which belongs to the specific part; at the end, it summarizes and emphasizes that teenagers have the time and ability to change habits and encourages them to build a healthy life, pointing out the theme again, playing the role of summarizing the full text. So, the article has a general-specific-general structure."
目的： 要求学生判断文章结构类型，并结合具体内容阐述理由，考查学生对文章结构的深入理解与逻辑分析能力。
阅读技能目标：
提升学生对文章结构的识别与解读能力，使其能够通过对文章内容的分析，准确判断结构类型，并清晰阐述原因，培养学生的逻辑思维与批判性思维能力。
A. Please list the specific examples used in the article to illustrate the habit cycle.
Answer: Example 1: When feeling unhappy (cue), eating lots of unhealthy snacks (routine), which makes one feel happy (reward) for a bad habit cycle. Example 2: When coming to an escalator (cue), the normal routine is to ride it, but changing it to taking the stairs (new routine) can be a way to create a good habit, and the potential rewards could be better physical fitness or a sense of accomplishment.
B. Analyze the benefits of using the explanatory method of giving examples when elaborating on the habit cycle.
Answer: Giving examples makes the abstract concept of the habit cycle more concrete and relatable. It helps readers visualize how the cue, routine, and reward work together in real-life situations. By presenting practical scenarios, it becomes easier for readers to understand the mechanism of habit formation and how to apply the concept to change or create habits. This method enhances the clarity and comprehensibility of the explanation, making the information more accessible and memorable.
目的： 考查学生对文章说明方法的识别与理解，以及对说明方法如何服务于内容阐述的认知，帮助学生更好地理解文章对复杂概念的解释方式。
阅读技能目标：
提升学生对说明方法的辨析与运用能力，使学生明白不同说明方法在传达信息、阐释概念时的优势，从而更清晰地理解文章内容，提高信息接收与处理能力。
IV. Critical Thinking and Application（批判性思维与实践运用）
A. What is the author's attitude towards teenagers' habit change Is this attitude reasonable
Answer: The author holds a positive and optimistic attitude, believing that teenagers have the ability to change their habits and providing specific and feasible methods. This attitude is reasonable because it is in line with the characteristic of teenagers' strong plasticity, and the provided methods are practical.
B. What kind of values are reflected in the article Do you agree with these values Why Answer: It reflects values such as attaching importance to the healthy growth of teenagers, advocating for active change, and emphasizing self-discipline. These values are agreed with because they play a positive role in promoting teenagers' physical and mental development and personal growth.
目的： 引导读者洞察作者对主题的态度，思考其合理性，反思自身对这些价值观的认同度，理解文章传递的价值观念。
阅读技能目标：
锻炼读者理解作者情感态度的能力，培养批判性思维，使其能从文本中推断作者观点背后的态度，并理性评价，提升对文章深层内涵的理解。
提升读者对文本价值取向的敏感度，培养价值判断能力，使其在阅读中不仅获取信息，还能思考文本传达的价值观，增强批判性思考与自我反思能力。
A. The article quotes the words of Aristotle and Laozi. What kind of cultural background does this reflect What role does it play in understanding the article's viewpoints
Answer: Aristotle represents Western philosophical culture, emphasizing that behavior shapes the self. Laozi represents Eastern philosophical culture, emphasizing the importance of accumulation and gradual progress. Both provide philosophical support for the formation and change of habits, enriching the viewpoints of the article.
B. From the content of the article, can you infer the author's potential implicit viewpoints What are they
Answer: The implicit viewpoint may be that during the growth of teenagers, families and society should actively guide them to recognize the problems of their habits, and the change of habits requires the joint efforts of multiple parties, including families, society, and teenagers themselves, to create a favorable environment.
目的： 帮助读者理解文章引用内容背后的文化背景，训练读者从文本细节中推测作者未明确表述的隐含观点，深入理解作者意图。
阅读技能目标：
培养读者跨文化阅读能力，使其学会从文化角度分析文本，理解不同文化背景下的观点表达，提升对文化与文本关系的认知，增强对文章多元意义的解读。。
提升读者推理判断能力，学会透过表面文字挖掘深层含义，培养批判性思维，使读者在阅读中能更全面、深入理解作者意图，不局限于字面信息。
Suppose you are a teacher. How would you use the concepts in the article to help students develop good habits in the classroom Please design a teaching activity.
Answer: Carry out the "Habit Formation Challenge" activity. Let students identify the habits they want to change, analyze the cycle pattern of these habits, formulate corresponding change plans, and share them in the class. Arrange a progress report once a week, and students can supervise and encourage each other.
目的： 假设读者处于教师角色，思考如何将文章理念融入教学，考察对知识的灵活运用与教育实践能力。
阅读技能目标：
培养读者知识转化与应用于特定职业场景的能力，提升教育教学思维，使其能从教育者角度思考如何传播文章理念，增强对知识的深度理解与实际操作能力。进行自我反思，并发展创造性写作能力。
V. 词块积累及应用
1. 绘制思维导图：
中心词：Habits for a healthy lifestyle
分支 1：formation of bad habits
分支 2：habit cycle
分支 3：changing habits
A. 情感描述相关表达
The good news is that we can change, if we understand how habits work.
用法：直接点明 “good news”，给读者带来积极信号，让读者对改变习惯充满希望，语言简洁明了地传达乐观情绪
替换表达：Fortunately, we possess the ability to transform our habits once we comprehend the mechanisms underlying their formation.
However, during this period, it can be easy for some of them to form bad habits. These bad habits, if left unchecked, could lead to more serious ones when they become adults.
用法：作者以较为平实的语言阐述青少年易形成坏习惯及潜在危害，传递出对青少年成长状况的担忧。没有使用过于情绪化的词汇，而是通过理性陈述引发读者对问题的重视。
替换表达：Nevertheless, in this stage of growth, adolescents are prone to developing bad habits. If these habits are not addressed in time, they might evolve into graver issues as the youngsters reach adulthood.
You have the power to build a happy and healthy life full of good habits!
用法：运用第二人称 “you”，增强与读者的互动感，“have the power” 强调读者自身具备的能力，传递出强烈的鼓励情感
替换表达：You are empowered to construct a joyous and healthy existence brimming with positive habits!
B. 行为描写相关表达
For example, when we feel unhappy (cue), we eat lots of unhealthy snacks (routine), which makes us feel happy (reward).
用法：清晰地描述了在 “感到不开心” 这一提示下，“吃大量不健康零食” 的习惯性行为以及由此获得 “感到开心” 的奖励，将习惯循环中的行为模式生动展现
替换表达：For instance, whenever we experience unhappiness (cue), we indulge in a large quantity of junk food (routine), and this consumption brings about a sense of pleasure.
So, when we feel unhappy again (cue), rather than eat snacks, we could listen to some of our favorite music instead (routine), which will make us feel relaxed (reward).
用法：描绘了在相同提示下，用 “听喜欢的音乐” 这一积极行为替代 “吃零食” 的消极行为，具体呈现了改变习惯行为的方式
替换表达：Thus, when that feeling of unhappiness resurfaces (cue), instead of reaching for snacks, we might opt to listen to our cherished tunes (routine), and this activity will render us feeling at ease (reward).
We can do this by combining the information from our habit cycles with our own positive ideas.
用法：提出将习惯循环信息与自身积极想法相结合的行为方式，为改变习惯提供了具体思路
替换表达：We are able to achieve this by integrating the knowledge about our habit loops with our personal positive concepts.
C. 结果与反思相关表达
For example, some of them may become involved in tobacco or alcohol abuse, which can lead to physical and mental health problems.
用法：具体指出青少年参与烟草或酒精滥用这种坏习惯会引发身体和心理健康问题的严重后果
替换表达：For example, certain adolescents might engage in the abuse of tobacco or alcohol, and this can give rise to both physical and psychological health issues.
We make a choice to do something, and then we repeat it over and over again. Soon that choice becomes automatic and forms a habit that is much harder to change.
用法：阐述了习惯形成过程以及最终形成难以改变的习惯这一结果，引导读者反思习惯形成机制
替换表达：We decide to perform an action, and subsequently, we repeat it time and time again. Before long, that decision becomes an automatic response and develops into a habit that is far more difficult to break.
You have the power to build a happy and healthy life full of good habits!
用法：既包含情感鼓励，又展望了改变习惯后能构建幸福健康且充满好习惯生活的美好结果
替换表达：You hold the capacity to create a blissful and wholesome life replete with positive habits!
目的：通过整理文章中的情感、行为和反思表达，帮助学生形成语义网络，内化语言。
2. 迁移应用：
A. 以 “teenage habits” 为中心主题，让学生绘制思维导图。从中心主题出发，分支分别为 “formation of bad habits”“habit cycle”“changing habits” 等与文章内容紧密相关的板块。
在每个分支上，学生需要用上述梳理出的词汇和短语进行填充。例如，在 “changing habits” 分支下，写上 “replace... with...”“show some discipline” 等表达。绘制完成后，学生向同桌或小组同学讲解自己的思维导图。
目标：强化对词汇及其相互关系的理解。
B. 设计一篇与文章主题类似但内容不同的短文，在短文中挖空一些上述文章中的关键词汇和短语。
As teenagers grow up, they often have the chance to （1）______ their own decisions. However, this period is also when some of them may （2）______ bad habits. These habits, if （3）______ unchecked, can （4）______ to more serious problems in the future. For example, some might get （5）______ in tobacco or alcohol abuse, which is harmful to their physical and mental health.
（答案依次为：make; form; left; lead; involved）
目标：通过设置填空任务，考查学生对文章中重点词汇的记忆和运用能力，检验学生是否能够根据上下文语境准确选择合适的词汇。让学生在完成填空后朗读短文，进一步强化对词汇的记忆和语感培养。
目的： 该任务聚焦于词汇积累和应用，增强词汇在实际语境中的运用。
阅读技能目标：
锻炼学生对文章内容的归纳总结能力，培养学生的逻辑思维能力。
提升学生在阅读过程中的词汇运用能力和对语境的理解能力，培养学生根据上下文猜测词义和正确运用词汇的能力。Reading Comprehension Worksheet（学生版）
X Book 3 Unit 2 Reading and Thinking: Habits for a healthy lifestyle
I. Understanding and Main Idea Extraction（What文章理解与主旨提取）
A. Please briefly describe the potential harm of teenagers' bad habits.
B. " Read the article and fill in the blanks with the correct content.
If teenagers' bad habits are not controlled, when they become adults, they may develop more serious habits such as __________ or __________. These habits can lead to __________ and __________ health problems."
A. What is the specific content of the habit cycle
B. "The habit cycle consists of three key elements, namely the __________ that serves as a signal for action, the regular action taken in response to the signal, which is the __________, and the good thing or feeling obtained from the regular action, that is the __________."
Please summarize the main content of the article in a paragraph (no more than 100 words), covering the key issues discussed in the article and the main viewpoints.
II. Emotional and Deeper Meaning Analysis
1. Suppose you are a teenage psychologist. According to the author's viewpoints and attitude expressed in the article, what suggestions and encouragements would you give to teenagers who are troubled by habit change Please elaborate in combination with the content of the article.
2. A. After reading the article, judge whether the author's attitude towards teenagers changing their habits is positive, negative, neutral, or uncertain, and elaborate the reasons in combination with the content of the article.
B. What is the author's intention of citing this saying
C. Please combine the content of the article to talk about your understanding of this saying in terms of habit change.
3. A. If the article continues, what aspects do you think the author may further elaborate on the issue of teenagers' habit formation Please reason in combination with the logic and viewpoints of the article and briefly explain the reasons.
III. Structural Analysis and Creative Output（How结构分析与创造性输出）
A. The structure of the article is a general-specific-general structure. Please combine the specific content of the article to elaborate why it is this structure.
A. Please list the specific examples used in the article to illustrate the habit cycle.
B. Analyze the benefits of using the explanatory method of giving examples when elaborating on the habit cycle.
IV. Critical Thinking and Application（批判性思维与实践运用）
A. What is the author's attitude towards teenagers' habit change Is this attitude reasonable
B. What kind of values are reflected in the article Do you agree with these values Why
A. The article quotes the words of Aristotle and Laozi. What kind of cultural background does this reflect What role does it play in understanding the article's viewpoints
B. From the content of the article, can you infer the author's potential implicit viewpoints What are they
Suppose you are a teacher. How would you use the concepts in the article to help students develop good habits in the classroom Please design a teaching activity.
V. 词块积累及应用
1. 绘制思维导图：
中心词：Habits for a healthy lifestyle
分支 1：formation of bad habits
分支 2：habit cycle
分支 3：changing habits
A. 情感描述相关表达
B. 行为描写相关表达
C. 结果与反思相关表达
2. 迁移应用：
A. 以 “teenage habits” 为中心主题，绘制思维导图。从中心主题出发，分支分别为 “formation of bad habits”“habit cycle”“changing habits” 等与文章内容紧密相关的板块。
B. 完成以下单词填空。
As teenagers grow up, they often have the chance to （1）______ their own decisions. However, this period is also when some of them may （2）______ bad habits. These habits, if （3）______ unchecked, can （4）______ to more serious problems in the future. For example, some might get （5）______ in tobacco or alcohol abuse, which is harmful to their physical and mental health.
