Unit 3 Times change! Developing ideas Reading Language points 课件

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Unit 3
Unit 3 Times change!
1. The word “emoji” comes from Japanese, literally meaning “picture character”.
“Emoji”一词源于日语，字面意思是“图画文字”。
现在分词短语作伴随状语
eg Students went away, running and laughing.
学生们离开了，他们边跑边笑。
The boy sat in front of the farmhouse, cutting the branch.
男孩坐在农舍前，砍着树枝。
现在分词作伴随状语时，其表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的。
2. Now there are more than 3,000 emojis that expand upon the way in which we communicate.
现在我们能使用3,000多个表情符号来拓宽我们的交流渠道。
expand v. 1) to become larger in size, number, or amount, or
to make something become large （使）扩大；增加
2) to open new shops, factories 扩展（业务）
eg Sydney’s population expanded rapidly in the 1960s.
The hotel wants to expand its business by adding a swimming pool.
expand the influence 扩大影响
expand the market 扩大市场
expand production 扩大生产
expand the business 扩大业务
expand...into 把……扩展(发展, 膨胀)成
expand on/upon 阐述; 详谈
【语境应用】根据汉语提示完成句子。
1) 我们打算通过再开两家商店来扩大生意。
We plan to ___________________ by opening two more stores.
2) 管道里的水结成了冰，导致管身膨胀爆裂。
The water froze inside the pipe, causing it to ___________________.
3) Could you expand __________________ that point, please
expand the business
expand and burst
on / upon
expand extend spread stretch
expand 展开, 扩大, 不仅指尺寸的增加, 还可指范围和体积的扩大。
extend 伸出, 延伸, 指空间范围的扩大, 以及长度、宽度的向外延伸, 也可指时间的延长。
spread 伸开, 传播, 一般指向四面八方扩大传播的范围, 如传播(疾病)、散布(信息)等。
stretch 伸展, 拉长, 一般指由曲变直、由短变长的伸展, 不是加长。
【语境应用】用expand/extend/spread/stretch的适当形式填
空。
1) The hot weather _________ to October.
2) Water _________ when it freezes.
3) He _________ and yawned lazily.
4) The fire soon ________ to the nearby building.
extended
expands
stretched
spread
3. Due to their popularity, the Oxford Dictionaries Word of the Year in 2015 was, for the first time ever, a pictograph instead of a traditional word.
由于表情符号的风靡，牛津词典2015年的年度词汇是 ，这是图画文字首次替代了传统意义上的单词。
due to: 1) caused by; because of; owing to; thanks to 由于，
因……造成
2) attributable to 归功于
eg She has been absent from work due to illness.
His success was largely due to his hard work．
The credit is due to you．
【联想】表示 “由于, 因为”的短语还有:
because of, as a result of, thanks to, on account of, owing to等。
be due to do sth. 预期做某事, 预定要做某事
be due to sth./sb. 归因于某事/某人; 欠某人……
be due for sth. 应有某物; 预期发生
【语境应用】根据汉语意思，用含“due”的短语补全句子。
1) The policeman said the accident last night was ___________________.
警察说昨晚的事故是由于粗心驾驶造成的。
2) His new book ___________________ next year.
他的新书预计明年出版。
3) The car is ____________________ its annual service again.
这辆汽车又到了一年一度的保养期了。
due to careless driving
is due to be published
due for
4. With a smiling or sad face added to a message or post, your reader can “see” your facial expression while reading your words.
当在信息或帖子中加一个微笑表情或悲伤表情时，你的读者在读你写的内容时就能“看到”你的面部表情。
eg With the homework finished, she went shopping.
You can enter the room with your phone powered off.
“With + 宾语 + 宾语补足语” 结构在句中作状语；
a smiling or sad face与add是被动关系，所以add用过去分词形式。
eg Our teacher came in with a book in his hand.
With a boy leading the way, they started towards the village.
I have to go to bed with nothing to do.
The man with his arms crossed is our maths teacher. (with复合结构作定语)
“with +宾语+宾语补足语” 结构中的宾语补足语可以是形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、动词-ing形式、过去分词等。该结构在句中可作状语和定语。
【语境应用】用with的复合结构翻译句子。
1) 由于母亲生病了，我不能去度假。
I won’t be able to go on holiday with my mother being ill.
2) 你不知道她是如何跑完接力赛的，她的脚伤得如此厉害。
You have no idea how she finished the relay race with her foot wounded so much.
3) 他站在那里，一只手插在衣袋里。
He stood there with his hand in his pocket.
5. For instance, if your friend is moving across the country, you may just send them a string of crying faces to express your sadness over your separation.
举个例子，假如你的朋友将要搬去另一个国家，你可以发给他们一串哭脸，来表达自己对于你们将要分离的忧伤之情。
eg She wore a string of pearls at her neck.
她脖子上戴着一串珍珠。
She owns a string of health clubs.
她拥有多家健身俱乐部。
a string of a number of similar things or events coming one
after another 一长串；一系列
6. The intention of these adaptations is to make the classics more accessible to young readers.
这些改写的目的是为了使经典著作更容易被年轻读者接受。
intention n. a plan or desire to do something 意图，目的
with an/ the intention of 抱有……的目的；打算……
have no intention of doing sth. 无意做某事; 不打算做某事
intend v. 计划，想要，打算
intend sth. 想要某物
intend to do sth. / doing sth. 打算做某事
intend sb. to do sth. 打算让某人做某事
【语境应用】完成句子
1) I have no __________________ (intend) of retiring just yet.
2) I intend _________________ (work) as a volunteer in an environmental protection organization during the summer holidays.
3) I intend you _________________ (go) to the movies with me.
intention
working/to work
to go
adaptation n. 1) a film, book, play, etc that has been made from
another film, book, play, etc. 改编本
2) the process of changing something to make it
suitable for a new situation 适应
1) adapt v. (使) 适应; (使)适合; 改编; 改写
adapt (oneself) to …使(自己)适应于……
adapt to sth. 适应某物(事)
be adapted from... 根据……改编
be adapted for 改编成……
2) adaptable adj. 有适应能力的; 能适应的
【语境应用】完成句子
1) 我们的眼睛慢慢地适应了黑暗的环境。
Our eyes slowly _________ ______ ______ ________.
2) 这部戏剧已经改编的适合孩子们看了。
The play ________ _______ ________ ________ ________.
3) 你会很快适应这新的环境。
You will soon _______ ________ ________ ________ ________ ___________ and customs.
4) 对一些孩子来说，适应新学校的过程是困难的。
__________ __________ __________ _________ _________ a new school is difficult for some children.
adapted to the dark
has been adapted for children
adapt yourself to this new environment
The process of adaptation to
accessible adj. easy to understand and enjoy 易懂的
easy to reach or get into 易到达的; 易进入的
be accessible to 易得到的；易使用的
access n. 接近; 通路　
have access to 有权使用……；可以接近……
gain/get access to 得到……的使用权；获得接近……的机会
v. 到达; 进入; 使用; 存/取数据
access the Internet 接入因特网
eg Computers should be made readily accessible to them.
【语境应用】根据括号内的提示补全下列句子
1) Eva ______________________________ (访问了3个不同的文件) to find the correct information.
2) Students must ________________________ (有使用图书馆的权利).
3) There is no ____________________ (通向大街的路) through that door.
4) He wants his music ____________________________ (人人都能欣赏).
accessed three different documents
have access to a library
access to the street
to be accessible to everyone
7. After all, how many of us today would rather send a message packed with emojis than make a telephone call
毕竟，现如今，我们当中有多少人宁愿发送一条满是表情符号的短信，也不愿意打电话？
would rather do…than do…宁愿做……而不愿做……
eg I would rather do it immediately than stay up late.
She would rather do it by herself than have him help her.
packed with emojis 作后置定语修饰 a message
would rather do sth. 宁愿做某事
would rather have done sth. 宁愿做过某事（表示未实现）
宁愿做……而不愿做……：
would rather do… than do…
would do … rather than do…
prefer to do… rather than do…
prefer doing…to doing…
【语境应用】一句多译。
如果我不的不放弃其中一个，我会关掉电视而不是合上我的书。
If I have to give up one of them, I would turn off the TV rather than close my book.
If I have to give up one of them, I would rather turn off the TV than close my book.
If I have to give up one of them, I prefer to turn off the TV rather than close my book.