Unit 5 Working the Land Discover Useful Structures 课件(共40张PPT)人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册

(共40张PPT)
Discovering useful structures
UNIT 5 WORKING THE LAND
句子
类型
简单句
并列句
复合句
主句
形容词性从句 (定语从句)
名词性从句
副词性从句(状语从句)
主语从句
宾语从句
表语从句
同位语从句
从句
Revision
1. Definition定义
1. He considered himself a farmer.
2. Yuan's innovation has helped to feed more people.
3. Using salty land in China for rice production was his latest vision.
4. How this could be done was a challenging question at the time.
结论：（1）主语是句子说明的人或事物，一般放在____________.
（2）在句子中充当____________的从句就是主语从句。.
句首
主语
Observe and Discover
Task1: Underline the subject in each sentence and tell us what the subject consists of
代词
名词
动名词
从句
What he was still concerned about was the poor harvests of farmers.
主语从句
连接词
主语
主语从句用法总结：
1、位置：一般情况下位于______________________.
2、主语从句要由__________引导，通常置于___________.
3、主语从句的语序要用________________
系表结构
系表结构
句首
谓语动词或系动词之前
连接词
陈述语序
连接词
句子
连接词有那些呢？
作主语
2. Leading words
引导词
1.That Yuan Longping had realised his dream of seawater rice surprised the whole world.
2.Whether it was possible to develop hybrid rice was unknown.
3. Who will solve the soil problem is unknown.
4.Which one is the best to expand output is unknown.
5. When Yuan would retire to a life of leisure was never mentioned.
5. Where the hybrid rice can be planted is a question.
5. Why Yuan developed seawater rice was to feed more people.
Circle the subject clause and identify the leading words
Thinking
What are the leading words of subject clause (主语从句的引导词有哪些 )
What are their functions and meanings (他们有什么功能和含义 )
1.That he will pass the exam is certain.
2.Whether he will pass the exam is uncertain.
that _______成分，____意义，
______省略。
whether _____成分，____意义，
译为_____。
不做
是否
无
不能
不做
有
从属连词： that whether
1.Who will take part in the meeting has not been decided.
2.Whom they will choose is a secret.
3. Whose scores are higher will come out soon.
4. Which book I shall choose hasn’t been decided.
who在主语从句中充当 ______,
译为 ______。
whom 在主语从句中充当______
译为______。
whose在主语从句中充当 ______,
译为 ______。
which在主语从句中充当 ______,
译为 __________。
主语
谁
宾语
谁的
定语
哪一个
谁
定语
连接代词： who whom whose which
1.What surprised me is the gift from my sister.
2.What you have done might do harm to others.
3.What you look like makes no difference.
3.What his phone number is is still unknown to me.
4.What day it is today is not important .
what在主语从句中可充当 ______,_____,_____ 译为 _________________________;
也可放在名词前充_____。
主语
宾语
表语
什么/所...的,...的东西/事/样子
定语
连接代词：what（高频考点）
1.Whoever leaves the room
last ought to turn off the lights.
2.Whatever he did was right.
3.Whichever of you wins will
receive a prize.
whoever在主语从句中充当 ______,
译为 ______。
whatever 在主语从句中充当 ________, 译为 ________。
whichever在主语从句中充当 ________, 译为 ________。
主语
无论谁
宾语
无论什么
主语
无论哪个
连接代词：whoever
whomever whatever whichever
1. When they will start is not known yet.
2. Where she is from is unknown.
3. Why he was late is not important now.
4. How he became a great scientist is known to us all.
when在主语从句中充当 _______,
译为 ______。
where在主语从句中充当 _______,译为 ______。
why在主语从句中充当 _________,
译为 _______。
how在主语从句中充当 _________,
译为 ________。
时间状语
何时
地点状语
何地
原因状语
为什么
方式状语
如何/怎样
连接副词：when where why how
主语从句的引导词
类别 连接词 说明
从属连词 两者在从句中均不作成分，只起连接作用；
连接代词 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。
连接副词 在从句中作时间、地点、方式、原因状语等成分。
that，whether（是否）
who，whom，what，which，whose，whoever，whatever，whichever
when, where, how, why
Summary
如何确定连接词
找从句，看从句是否缺成分？
缺成分
不缺成分
主、宾、表、定
who(主)， whom(宾)， what(主、宾、表)， which(定)， whose(定)， wh-ever
状语
when, where, why;how
that; whether
(是否or not)
学以致用
1. _________ can join in the sport meet is decided by the teacher.
2. __________ comes to the activity will receive a present.
3. he lives is not known to anyone.
4. __________ he will join us or not makes no difference.
Who
Whether
Whoever
Where
1. ____to solve this question is unkonwn to us.
2. It is uncertain _______ he can come to Jenny’s birthday party or not.
3. _______ he made an important speech at the meeting was true.
4. _______ he said was right.
5. Every year, _______ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
6. Your support is important to our work. ______you did helped us a lot.
7. _____will be our monitor hasn't been decided yet.
How
whether
That
What
whoever
What
Who
Practice
8. _______ you can recover soon is the best news I’ve heard recently.
9. _______ excited Jenny most was that she finally succeeded.
10. __________ the new chemical pesticide is effective remains to be seen.
11. __________ comes in first will get a prize.
12. _______he did it remains a mystery.
13. _______ can join the sports meeting is decided by the teacher.
14. _______impressed me most was that the hybrid rice enabled farmers to expand their output greatly.
15.______ he quit his high-paying job is not difficult to understand. He wanted to start up his own business.
That
What
Whether
Whoever
Why
Who
Practice
What
Why
3. Subject-Predicate Agreement
主谓一致原则
1. Whether the patient will be taken ______ unknown.
2. When and where the patient will be taken _____ unknown.
3. When the task can be finished and whether he can have
a rest ________ unknown.
4. What he wants most _________ staying with his family.
What they need _______ masks(口罩).
主句的谓语动词，大多数使用_______ (单数？复数？)
由两个连接词引导同一个主语从句，谓动使用____ (单数？复数？)
主语为and连接的两个主语从句时，谓动使用____ (单数？复数？)
what在主语从句中做宾语时，谓动由______决定单复数 (主语？表语？)
单数
单数
复数
表语
is
is
are
is
are
结论 5: 主谓一致
1). What he wants to do_______(be) to have a good rest.
2). Whether it will rain or not_____(be) not clear.
3). That he has won so many awards_____________( surprise) us.
4). When he left us and why he did that _______(remain) unknown to us.
5). How and why he came to this city ______ a story of struggle and success.
is
is
surprises
remain
Practice
is/was
4. It 做形式主语
Observe and Analyse
为避免头重脚轻，常用 it作形式主语置于句首，真正的主语从句后置。
That about 60% of China’s rice consumption is from Yuan’s hybrid’s
strains is estimated.
It is eatimated that about 60% of China’s rice consumption is from Yuan’s hybrid’s strains.
1.It + be +形容词+主语从句 做......是......的
形容词
clear, obvious, likely, probable, true…
例：1. It is not clear whether he told a lie.
2. It + be+过去分词+主语从句 据......
said, reported, believed, thought, announced…
过去分词
例：1.It is said that they are identical twins.
此句型中的形容词是important, necessary等时，从句应使用虚拟语气例：It is important that we (should) learn English well.
若过去分词是suggested, ordered, required, advised, requested等表示建议、要求、命令等词时，从句应该使用虚拟语气。
例：It is suggested that students (should) make their bed by themselves.
3. It +be +名词+主语从句 做......是......的
名词
a pity，an honor，a good idea，a fact, a/no surprise，no wonder......
例：It is a pity that he missed such an interesting film,
4. It+不及物动词+主语从句
seem, happen, appear, look, occur, turn out …
不及物动词
例：It happened that they were out that day.
碰巧那天他们不在家。
It seems that it is going to rain.
看起来要下雨了。
5. It+及物动词+宾语+主语从句
及物动词
worry, shock …
例：It shocks me that he failed in this exam.
他没通过考试，震惊到我了。
Finish the following tasks and focus on it as the formal subject in subject clauses.
(1)_________________(很遗憾) we lost the match.
(2)_________________(这是事实) he cheated in the exam.
(3)_________________(据报道) 20 people were killed in the accident.
(4)_________________(建议) we should eat more vegetables and do more exercise.
(5)_________________(碰巧) I came into the office at that time.
It is a pity that
It is a fact that　
It is reported that
It happened that
It is suggested that
5. 注意点
1. Where we will have a picnic should be discussed.
Where will we have a picnic should be discussed.
2. How we go for a picnic should be discussed.
How do we go for a picnic should be discussed.
√
√
×
×
注意1：主语从句的语序
主语从句应使用_________语序。
陈述句
即主语在前，谓语在后。
1.Whether genetically-modified food does us harm remains to be seen.
＝It remains to be seen whether/if genetically-modified food does us harm.
2.Whether she will come or not is still a question.
总结：whether引导的主语从句,如果用了_____________,引导词whether可以换成if。如果whether从句在句首或后面有_______时，不能用if替换。
形式主语it
or not
注意2：whether和if区别
Summary
主语从句
复合句中用作主语的从句叫作主语从句
含义
从属连词: that, whether
连接代词: who, whom, what,whose, which, whatever, whoever, whichever
连接副词: when, where, how, why,
连接词
注意
语序问题: 陈述语序(主语+谓语)
主谓一致问题
It作形式主语的句型
whether与if 的区别
The subject clause
that 引导的主从
that 在句中不作成分，无含义，不可省
whether 引导的主从
whether 引导主从，有“是否”含义，不可省
连接代词和连接副词引导的主从
连接代词和连接副词在从句中有含义，且充当主、宾、定、状等成分
it 作形式主语，从句为真正的主语
It is + 过去分词 + that 从句
It is + 形容词 + that 从句
It is + 名词 + that 从句
主语从句
It + 动词 + that 从句
1. [2020·全国Ⅱ卷] It’s been reported 76％ employees in some western countries are using emojis（表情符号）at work.
2. [2020·江苏卷] It is not a problem we can win the battle; it’s just a matter of time.
3. [2019·全国Ⅰ卷] you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes.
5. [2013·北京卷] makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.
that
whether
What
What
Practice
6. [2015·江苏卷] Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some won’t accept it.
7. [2015·北京卷] we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.
8. [2016·江苏卷] _______ is known to all is that effective measures should be taken to deal with the problem of the over-exploiting of our resources.
9. [2016·北京卷] Your support is important to our work. ___________you can do helps.
10. [2017·北京卷] Every year, makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
Where
How
What
Whatever
whoever
Practice
1. ________ he attended the meeting or not wasn’t quite clear.
2. ________ team will win the match is still unknown.
3. __________ comes to the activity will receive a present.
4. ________ he figured out a way to solve the problem successfully
surprised us all.
5. We usually think ________ we can’t get seems better than what we
have.
Whether
Which
Whoever
That
what
The subject clause: Instant Practice
即学即练
6. _________ we do is to serve the people.
7. _________ they will come hasn’t been made public.
8. _________ surprised me most was _________ the little boy did
so well in the competition.
9. It is _________ (report) that the river has become clear and clean.
Whatever
When
What
that
reported
即学即练
The subject clause: Instant Practice
Grandma has been complaining about the vegetables sold in the supermarket, _______ have been grown using chemical fertilisers. To her, ______ they look beautiful on the outside is obvious. However, _______ she is unhappy about is the lower nutritional value and reduced flavour. Now that both of my grandparents have retired from their jobs in the city, ______ they are going to spend their retirement is an important decision for them. __________ they can live a healthy life is the first thing they are considering. So they have made up their minds to move to the countryside, _______ they can live a green life.
which
that
what
how
Whether
where
即学即练
The subject clause: Instant Practice
Activity：Brainstorm Yuan’s good qualities
Use subject clauses to write a paragraph about his
qualities and achievements
What impress me most is that Yuan Longping was dedicated to help so many people. It was important that he never gave up despite many difficulties. That he succeed in developing hybrid rice was what made him great.
Sentence patterns for your reference
It is important that What impress me most is that
What makes him great is that That ...is his most important quality
Whether...depends on How he .... is truly inspiring.
Why he ....is because he helped feed millions with his hybrid rice.
Create your writing and show yourself
1. That my parents wanted to know was my performance at school.
2. It is reported when China has successfully sent Chang’e 5 into space.
3. If he can finish his task on time is of great importance.
4. Who leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
5. That matters most in learning English is enough practice.
What
that
Whether
Whoever
What
The subject clause: Instant Practice
Homework
Finish the Exercises on P29+P90.