人教版选必3 Unit5语篇分析+阅读单（教师版）
选修三 Unit5 Reading and Thinking语篇分析
分析维度 内容项
What：语篇的主题、内容、结构、逻辑关系 一、文章基本信息 文章标题：A Few Simple Forms of English Poems 作者： 文章类型：说明文 主题/中心思想：文章主要介绍了几种简单的诗歌形式，包括童谣、列表诗、五行诗、俳句等，旨在展示这些形式的特点以及它们如何简洁地表达情感或描绘画面，鼓励读者尝试写作自己的诗歌。
二、文本结构与内容分析 整体结构： 文章分为几部分，首先简要介绍诗歌的定义和特点，然后逐一分析几种简单的诗歌形式，最后给出一些著名诗歌的例子，并鼓励读者创作诗歌。 段落分布： 引言: 介绍诗歌的定义、特点及其多样性。 主体: 逐一讲解几种简单的诗歌形式（如童谣、列表诗、五行诗、俳句等）。 结论: 鼓励读者尝试写自己的诗歌。 逻辑关系： 文章的各部分按顺序排列，逻辑关系较为清晰。首先介绍诗歌的基本概念，然后逐步引入不同的诗歌形式，最后通过例子展示这些形式的应用，形成自然的因果关系和递进关系。 衔接与连贯： 使用了许多连接词，如“Now we will look at,” “One of the simplest kinds of poem,” 以及 “Another simple form of poem”来引导各个部分，使得文章结构紧凑，衔接自然。 段落功能： 引言段: 为文章提供背景信息，解释为什么人们创作诗歌以及诗歌的一些共同特征。 各类诗歌的描述: 每一段介绍一种具体的诗歌形式及其特点，功能是提供信息和例证。 结尾段: 鼓励读者创作自己的诗歌，具有启发性和呼吁性。
Why：语篇的深层涵义、情感态度、作者意图 三、写作意图与文化背景分析 文化背景： 文章涉及了多种不同文化背景下的诗歌形式，如英语的童谣和列表诗、日本的俳句、以及中国唐代诗歌。这些文化背景的介绍使得文章不仅仅局限于英语诗歌，还扩展到全球范围的文学形式。 背景知识的运用： 文章需要读者对一些基础的诗歌形式有一定了解，特别是在解释俳句和唐代诗歌时，读者需要对这些文化背景有一定的认识才能充分理解这些诗歌的魅力。 写作意图： 文章的目的是介绍几种简单易写的诗歌形式，并通过例子展示它们的特点。最终，目的是鼓励读者尝试诗歌创作。
四、情感态度与价值取向分析 情感态度： 文章的语气非常客观，中立，强调诗歌的形式和特点，而不是情感的表达。然而，结尾部分的鼓励语气表现出作者对读者的支持与激励。 价值取向： 文章传递出一种鼓励创造的价值观，提倡通过简单的诗歌形式来表达情感或思想，同时也强调学习不同文化背景下的诗歌形式对文学素养的提高。
五、论点与文章有效性分析 论点清晰度与证据支持： 文章的论点非常清晰，即通过介绍几种简单的诗歌形式，展示它们如何表达情感或传达意图。每种诗歌形式都有相应的例子支持论点。 文章有效性与局限性： 文章具有较强的说服力，因为它通过直接的诗歌形式和简明的解释帮助读者理解诗歌的特点和魅力。然而，它的局限性在于没有详细讨论每种诗歌形式的创作技巧和难度，也没有深入探讨诗歌创作的深层意义。 文章与现实的联系： 文章的观点与现实生活中的文学教育和创作息息相关。它引导读者去尝试创作自己的诗歌，特别适合儿童或青少年，能够激发他们对文学的兴趣。
六、逻辑关系与推理分析 显性逻辑关系： 文章中的显性逻辑关系主要体现在不同诗歌形式的逐一介绍和说明上。比如，介绍完一种诗歌形式后，接着引入下一种形式，展示不同形式之间的差异和特点。 隐性推理与假设： 文章假设读者对一些诗歌形式有基本的了解，并推论出通过了解不同诗歌形式，读者能够更好地进行创作。
How：语篇的文体特征、语言特点、修辞手法、结构分析 七、语言与文体特征分析 语言特点： 文章语言简洁明了，使用了许多易于理解的词汇。通过例子展示诗歌形式时，语言生动且具表现力。 句式与句型分析： 文章句式简洁，使用了大量的简单句和复合句，如“Some poems tell a story or describe a certain image in the reader's mind”，以及“Now we will look at a few of the simpler forms”。 文体特征： 文章属于正式说明文，目的明确，语言通俗易懂，适合普及性阅读。 修辞手法： 文章虽然多为叙述性文字，但通过引用具体的诗歌例子，间接地使用了比喻、排比等修辞手法。
八、写作手法分析 写作技巧与表达方式： 作者通过列举和解释诗歌形式，以及引用具体例子，清晰而有效地传达了诗歌的多样性和易学性。
九、个人理解与批判性思维 个人理解与反思： 文章让我意识到诗歌不一定要复杂才能表达深刻的情感。简洁的诗歌形式也能传达丰富的思想，尤其适合刚开始接触诗歌的人。 批判性思维与反思： 尽管文章介绍了几种简单的诗歌形式，但并未深入探讨如何运用这些形式来进行创作，也未提出如何克服诗歌创作的挑战。例如，创作诗歌时，如何处理节奏、韵律等因素，文章中没有给出具体指导
课文语言表达梳理 比较与对比（Comparing & Contrasting） Both poems convey… 用法：描述两首诗的共同点 替换表达：Each poem expresses… Similarly, these poems use… 用法：强调诗歌之间的相似性 替换表达：In a similar way, both poets incorporate… Unlike Western poetry, Tang Poetry… 用法：对比中西方诗歌的不同 替换表达：In contrast to Western poetry, Tang poetry tends to… While Haiku focuses on brevity, Tang Poetry… 用法：对比俳句和唐诗的特点 替换表达：Whereas Haiku captures a single moment, Tang poetry…
二、象征意义（Symbolism & Interpretation） This poem uses nature imagery to symbolize… 用法：解释诗歌中自然意象的象征意义 替换表达：The poet employs nature as a metaphor for… The poet conveys a sense of longing through… 用法：描述诗歌中表达的渴望或思念 替换表达：The theme of longing is reinforced by… The river represents time passing. 用法：解释河流在诗歌中的象征意义 替换表达：Flowing water symbolizes the movement of time. Autumn leaves reflect the fleeting nature of life. 用法：解释秋叶在诗歌中的象征意义 替换表达：Falling leaves illustrate life’s impermanence.
三、诗歌情感（Expressing Emotions in Poetry） The poem evokes a sense of nostalgia. 用法：描述诗歌唤起的怀旧情感 替换表达：This poem brings forth deep reminiscence. It creates a melancholic atmosphere by… 用法：解释诗歌如何营造忧伤的氛围 替换表达：A sorrowful tone is established through… The emotional intensity is heightened by… 用法：描述诗歌如何增强情感的强度 替换表达：The poet deepens the emotional impact by… The warmth of the poem is reflected in… 用法：描述诗歌的温暖和舒适感 替换表达：A comforting tone emerges from…
文章结构梳理 Article Analysis:A Few Simple Forms of Engish Poems
1. Main Idea The article introduces different types of poetry, including List Poem, Cinquain, Haiku, and Tang Poetry. It analyzes their structural features, emotional expressions, and cultural significance. The article encourages readers to experiment with writing their own poetry to explore creative expression.
2. Paragraph Summaries and Functions Paragraph 1 Summary: Introduces the diversity of poetry, explaining that some poems have fixed structures (Haiku, Cinquain), while others are more flexible (List Poem).
Function: Establishes the main idea of the article by highlighting the variety of poetic forms and setting the stage for the discussion of different types of poetry. Paragraph 2 (List Poem) Summary: Explains the List Poem, emphasizing repetition and rhythm, with an example ("Mother").
Function: Demonstrates how List Poems build rhythm through structured repetition while maintaining a free-flowing format. Paragraph 3 (Cinquain) Summary: Describes the Cinquain, highlighting its five-line structure and how it uses adjectives and verbs to create vivid imagery ("Brother").
Function: Shows how poetry can be brief yet expressive, emphasizing concise word choice and structure to convey emotions. Paragraph 4 (Haiku) Summary: Introduces Haiku, focusing on its 5-7-5 syllabic pattern and how it captures fleeting natural moments ("A fallen blossom...").
Function: Highlights how brevity and simplicity in poetry can create strong emotional impact through nature-based symbolism. Paragraph 5 (Tang Poetry) Summary: Discusses Tang Poetry, emphasizing its deep emotions, historical significance, and symbolic nature, with an example (Wang Jian's poem).
Function: Connects poetry to cultural heritage, demonstrating how history and philosophy shape poetic expression. Paragraph 6 (Conclusion & Encouragement to Write Poetry) Summary: Concludes by encouraging readers to experiment with poetry writing, emphasizing both structured and free-form creativity.
Function: Reinforces the article’s main message, motivating readers to explore poetry as a form of self-expression.
3. Key Details from Each Paragraph Paragraph 1 Poetry can have structured formats (Haiku, Cinquain) or free forms (List Poem). Poetry serves as a versatile form of expression, capturing different emotions and themes. Paragraph 2 List Poem features repetition and rhythm, making it easy to follow. Example: "Mother" lists various elements of nature before emphasizing the uniqueness of a mother. Paragraph 3 Cinquain follows a five-line format, using adjectives and action verbs to create strong imagery. Example: "Brother" illustrates how a short structure can convey deep emotions. Paragraph 4 Haiku consists of three lines with a 5-7-5 syllable pattern, capturing fleeting emotions or moments in nature. Haiku often relies on natural imagery (e.g., falling blossoms, wind, rain) to express deep meaning in few words. Example: "A fallen blossom…" uses a flower returning to the branch as a metaphor for a butterfly. Paragraph 5 Tang Poetry holds a significant place in Chinese culture, often expressing nostalgia, longing, and philosophical thoughts. It uses symbolism, such as rivers representing time’s passage and stones symbolizing enduring emotions. Example: "Where she awaits her husband" reflects themes of love, patience, and fate. Paragraph 6 Poetry varies in structure, but its core purpose is emotional expression. The article encourages readers to experiment with writing poetry as a form of self-expression.
Reading Comprehension Worksheet（教师版）
XBook 3 Unit 5 Reading and Thinking: A Few Simple Forms of English Poems
I. Understanding and Main Idea Extraction（What文章理解与主旨提取）
1.
A. Based on the passage title, predict the main topic:
“One of the simplest kinds of poem is the List Poem.”
“Another simple form of poem that amateurs can easily write is the Cinquain .”
B. What do you think the passage will focus on
A. The history of poetry
B. Different types of poetry and their structures
C. How to write a novel
D. The importance of rhyme in poems
Answer: B. Different types of poetry and their structures
C. Based on the structure and headings of the passage, summarize what information you expect to find.
Answer: The passage will likely describe different types of English poems,
their characteristics, examples, and how they are written.
目的：激活预测阅读能力，引导学生在阅读前对文本内容进行推测。
阅读技能目标：
略读（Skimming）—培养学生根据标题和结构预测文本内容的能力。
语篇意识（Text Structuring Awareness）—帮助学生识别信息的组织方式。
2.
A. Complete the table below by extracting information from the passage:
Poetic Form Rhythmic Features Structural Requirements Example Poem Title
List Poem Uses repetition
Flexible line length
"Mother"
Cinquain Rhythm varies Five-line structure "Brother"
Haiku 5-7-5 syllable pattern Three-line structur "A fallen blossom"
The passage describes different poetic forms.
Which of these statements are TRUE about them
( ) Haiku follows a strict syllable pattern.( ) A list poem always rhymes.( ) Cinquain has a set five-line structure. ( ) Tang poetry is originally from Japan.
What similarities do you notice between List Poems and Cinquains What differences do they have
Answer:
Both are structured poetic forms – Each follows a specific format that helps organize ideas and emotions.
Both use descriptive language – They rely on strong adjectives and verbs to create imagery.
Both can be short and impactful – They do not require long verses to convey meaning.
Both can focus on a central theme – Whether listing objects (List Poem) or describing a subject (Cinquain), each poem has a clear focus.
Differences between List Poems and Cinquains:
Aspect List Poem Cinquain
Structure Flexible, can have any number of lines Fixed five-line structure
Pattern Often repetitive, with rhythmic phrases Follows a strict syllabic pattern
Rhyme Scheme May or may not rhyme Typically does not rhyme
Purpose Often used to emphasize a theme through repetition Used to concisely describe a subject with emotional depth
目的：帮助学生识别诗歌类型及其特点，培养诗歌结构意识。
阅读技能目标：
扫描阅读（Scanning）—训练学生快速提取关键信息的能力。
信息归纳（Categorization）—培养学生整理和分类文本信息的能力。
II. Emotional and Deeper Meaning Analysis（Why情感与深层意义分析）
1.
A. What is the central theme of Poem B "Mother"
A. The beauty of nature
B. The uniqueness and irreplaceability of a mother
C. The life cycle of butterflies
D. The importance of rhythm in poetry
Answer: B. The uniqueness and irreplaceability of a mother.
B. If you were to rewrite the theme of this poem in one sentence, how would you phrase it
Answer: The poem conveys that, despite the vast beauty of nature, a mother’s love is unique and irreplaceable.
C.Some people may argue that this poem is about nature rather than motherhood.Do you agree or disagree Support your argument with at least two lines from the poem.
Answer: I disagree. The repetitive imagery (e.g., "hundreds of stars," "hundreds of birds") emphasizes the uniqueness of a mother in contrast to the vastness of nature.
目的：训练学生分析 诗歌主题，并学会用文本证据支持观点。
阅读技能目标：
主题识别（Theme Identification）—帮助学生概括诗歌的核心思想。
文本证据分析（Textual Justification）—培养学生使用诗歌内容支持观点的能力。
2.
A. How does Poem F "Tang Poetry" express longing and devotion
Answer: The poem uses nature imagery (e.g., flowing river, stone) to symbolize patience and enduring love.
B. Match the following symbols in poem F with their possible meanings:
Poetic Symbol Possible Meaning
The flowing river A. A strong foundation of love
The waiting figure B. Time passing without reunion
The immovable stone C. Eternal patience and unchanging love
The wind and rain D. The unpredictability of fate
Poetic Symbol Possible Meaning
The flowing river B. Time passing without reunion
The waiting figure C. Eternal patience and unchanging love
The immovable stone A. A strong foundation of love
The wind and rain D. The unpredictability of fate
C. Compare the expression of longing and devotion in Tang Poetry with another cultural or literary example (e.g., a Shakespearean sonnet, a romantic novel, a song lyric).How do different cultures express love and devotion differently Which form of expression feels more powerful or emotional to you, and why
Answer:
Tang Poetry: Uses natural imagery to express patience and fate in love.
Shakespearean sonnets: Often directly express passion and longing through romantic language.
目的：训练学生分析象征意义并进行跨文化文学比较。
阅读技能目标：
象征理解（Symbolic Thinking）—培养学生从隐喻和象征中提取深层含义的能力。
跨文化对比（Cross-Cultural Literary Awareness）—加强学生对不同文化背景下诗歌表达方式的理解。
3.
A. Compare the emotional tone of Poem B (Mother) and Poem F (Tang Poetry). How does each convey feelings of love or longing
Answer:
Poem B: Warm, loving, celebratory.
Poem F: Nostalgic, sorrowful, patient longing.
Rewrite one stanza from Poem B (Mother) in the style of Tang Poetry to intensify the sense of longing.Rewrite one stanza from Poem F (Tang Poetry) in the style of Poem B, making it feel more warm and affectionate.
Answer:
Poem B in Tang Style:
"Among a thousand shining stars, / only one light guides my heart."
Poem F in Poem B’s Style:
"Hundreds of days pass, / yet I wait for one return."
C. Write a short letter to the poet of either Poem B or Poem F, expressing your thoughts on how their poem made you feel. Ask them one question about their poem’s emotional intent.
Answer:
Short Letter to the Poet
Dear George Cooper (Poet of Mother),
I recently read your poem Mother, and I was deeply moved by its heartfelt expression of love and gratitude. The way you compare the abundance of stars, birds, and butterflies to the singular presence of a mother truly highlights her unique and irreplaceable role in our lives. Your words made me reflect on my own relationship with my mother and appreciate her even more.
I would love to ask: When writing this poem, did you intend for the imagery of nature to symbolize the fleeting nature of life, or was it meant solely to emphasize the uniqueness of a mother’s love
Thank you for this beautiful poem.
Yours Sincerely,
XXX
目的： 培养诗歌情感分析能力 —— 通过比较《母亲》和唐诗的情感基调，帮助学生理解诗歌如何表达爱与思念。
阅读技能目标：
情感分析（Emotional Analysis） —— 帮助学生识别和比较不同诗歌的情感基调，如温暖 vs. 忧伤、爱 vs. 思念。
诗歌风格转换（Poetic Style Transformation） —— 训练学生用不同风格表达相同主题，理解诗歌结构如何影响情感表达。
III. Structural Analysis and Creative Output（How结构分析与创造性输出）
1.
A. Poem D (Cinquain) follows a five-line structure. Fill in the pattern:
______ (One word, represents the topic)
______ (Two adjectives, describe the topic)
______ (Three action verbs, show movement)
______ (Four words, express emotion or description)
______ (One word, sums up the topic)
Answer:
Line Description Example
1 One word (Topic) Ocean
2 Two adjectives Deep, vast
3 Three action verbs Rolling, crashing, roaring
4 Four words (emotion) Whispers in the wind
5 One word (summary) Eternal
B. Your teacher will provide you with five lines written on separate cards.Rearrange them into the correct cinquain order.Explain your reasoning to a partner.
Answer:A cinquain follows a five-line structure with a specific pattern:
One-word title (noun) – The subject of the poem
Two adjectives – Describe the subject
Three action verbs (present participles -ing) – Show what the subject does
Four-word phrase – Expresses a feeling or a deeper meaning
One-word summary (synonym or reflection on the subject)
Example of Correct Cinquain Order:
1"Ocean" (Title - One noun)
2 "Deep, vast" (Two adjectives)
3 "Rolling, crashing, roaring" (Three action verbs)
4"Endless waves embrace shore" (Four-word phrase expressing emotion/meaning)
5 "Eternal" (One-word conclusion/synonym)
Below is a cinquain poem with one line missing.Identify which part of the structure is missing.Fill in the missing line with an appropriate phrase.
Example:
___ (Missing line)
Golden, warm
Rising, shining, warming
Brings joy to morning
Sun
Answer: "Light"
The complete cinquain now reads:
Light
Golden, warm
Rising, shining, warming
Brings joy to morning
Sun
目的：帮助学生掌握 诗歌固定结构，培养 创作能力。
阅读技能目标：
诗歌结构识别（Poetic Structure Awareness）—培养学生识别和理解不同诗歌格式的能力。
写作流畅性（Writing Fluency）—训练学生在结构限定下进行创作。
2.
A. Identify the poetic device used in these lines:
“Life can be dreams, Life can be great thoughts.”
A. Parallelism
B. Metaphor
C. Hyperbole
Answer: A. Parallelism
B. The sentence "Life can be dreams, Life can be great thoughts." follows a pattern. Below are four sentences. Identify which one uses the same poetic device.
"Love is a river, flowing endlessly."
"Time moves forward, Time never waits."
"She cried an ocean of tears."
"The wind whispered through the trees."
Answer: "Time moves forward, Time never waits."
C. Rewrite "Life can be dreams, Life can be great thoughts." using one of the following poetic devices:A Metaphor，A Hyperbole，An Alliteration。
Answer:
Metaphor:
"Life is a canvas, painted with dreams and thoughts."
Hyperbole:
"Life is an endless dream, soaring beyond the stars."
Alliteration:
"Life lingers like lucid dreams, lighting limitless landscapes."
目的： 帮助学生认识诗歌的 实际应用，增强对 现代语言艺术的理解。
阅读技能目标：
媒体素养（Media Literacy）—培养学生分析日常语言中的诗意表达方式。
诗歌与现实连接（Real-World Connection）—帮助学生理解诗歌在现代传播中的价值。
A. Underline examples of symbolism in Poem E (Haiku).
Answer:
Poem E (Haiku):
A fallen blossom
Is coming back to the branch. (Symbolism: Rebirth, transformation, or illusion of return)
Look, a butterfly! (Symbolism: Change, fleeting beauty, and the cycle of life)
Symbolism in the Haiku:
"A fallen blossom" → Represents impermanence, passing time, or lost moments.
"Coming back to the branch" → Could symbolize rebirth, second chances, or an illusion of return.
"A butterfly" → Often symbolizes transformation, fleeting beauty, and the cycle of life.
B. Look at the following paintings, movie scenes, or photographs featuring nature.
Identify one symbol that could relate to Poem E (Haiku).Explain how visual symbolism conveys the same emotions as the poem.
Answer:
Poem E (Haiku):
A fallen blossom
Is coming back to the branch.
Look, a butterfly!
Chosen Visual Symbol: A sunset over the ocean (painting or photograph)
How the Symbol Relates to the Haiku
Symbolism of the Sunset:
A sunset represents the end of a day, a transition, and fleeting beauty.
The sun appears to "sink" below the horizon, but we know it will rise again—this illusion mirrors the "blossom coming back to the branch" in the Haiku.
Just like the butterfly symbolizes transformation, a sunset suggests the cyclical nature of time—an ending that leads to a new beginning.
Emotional Connection to the Poem:
Both the Haiku and the sunset evoke a sense of impermanence and beauty in transience.
The Haiku suggests an illusion—as if the fallen blossom could return, just as a sunset makes us feel like time is slowing down, even though it continues to pass.
The butterfly in the poem and the setting sun both symbolize change, renewal, and the fleeting nature of life’s most beautiful moments.
目的： 引导学生识别象征手法，理解诗歌中的隐喻与象征意义。
阅读技能目标：
象征理解（Symbolic Thinking）—培养学生通过关键词识别诗歌象征意义的能力。
精读技巧（Close Reading）—训练学生深入分析诗歌文本，关注细节和诗歌意象。
IV. Critical Thinking and Application（批判性思维与实践运用）
1.
A. Write your own poem:
List Poem: Create a rhythmic pattern by listing related words.
Cinquain: Follow the five-line structure to write a poem about a person or feeling.
Haiku: Write a 5-7-5 syllable poem about a seasonal change or a natural scene.
Answer:
Example Haiku:
Golden leaves drift down,
Crisp whispers fill the cool air,
Autumn waves goodbye.
Example Cinquain:
Moon
Bright, glowing
Shining, watching, guiding
Lights the dark sky
Lunar
Example List Poem:
Raindrops on windows,
Raindrops on rooftops,
Raindrops on my skin,
Raindrops whispering secrets.
B. Question:
Work in groups of three or four.
Each person writes one line for a List Poem, Cinquain, or Haiku.
Combine the lines into a cohesive poem.
Answer:
Group Poem Example
List Poem: (Theme: The Ocean)
Waves crash upon the shore,
Seagulls dance above the tide,
Golden sun reflects on blue,
Endless waters whisper secrets.
Cinquain: (Theme: Friendship)
Friend
Loyal, kind
Laughing, caring, sharing
Always standing by me
Trust
Haiku: (Theme: Autumn)
Leaves drift in cool air,
Golden whispers touch the ground,
Winter waits nearby.
C. Choose a song or instrumental piece that matches the mood of your poem. Perform a dramatic reading while the music plays in the background.
Answer:
· List Poem (The Ocean) → "Beyond the Sea" – Bobby Darin (captures the vastness and movement of the sea).
· Cinquain (Friendship) → "Count on Me" – Bruno Mars (emphasizes the warmth of trust and loyalty).
· Haiku (Autumn) → "Clair de Lune" – Claude Debussy (soft piano tones complement the peaceful and reflective mood of autumn).
目的： 培养创造性写作与协作能力，让学生通过诗歌创作和小组合作增强语言表达与团队协作能力。
阅读技能目标：
创造性写作（Creative Writing）—训练学生运用不同诗歌形式表达思想。
跨媒介解读（Multimodal Interpretation）—通过音乐与诗歌结合，提高对情感和象征的理解。
2.
Create a Venn Diagram comparing Western Poetry and Tang Poetry based on:Emotional intensity, Cultural themes, Use of nature & symbolism, Poetic structure
Answer:
Aspect Western Poetry (Haiku, Cinquain, List Poem) Common Elements Chinese Tang Poetry
Emotional Intensity Subtle, momentary emotions; often reflective and quiet Both evoke deep emotions, though in different ways Intense, nostalgic, often tied to themes of longing and fate
Cultural Themes Personal experiences, nature’s transience, individual reflection Both explore love, longing, time, and nature’s role in human emotion Confucian, Daoist, and Buddhist influences; historical and philosophical depth
Use of Nature & Symbolism Nature represents fleeting moments (falling leaves, changing seasons) Nature as a metaphor for emotions, impermanence, or fate Nature often symbolizes emotions and life’s journey (e.g., rivers = time, mountains = distance)
Poetic Structure Short and structured (Haiku: 5-7-5, Cinquain: 5 lines) Both use structure to guide expression, but Tang Poetry is more fluid Often quatrains (four-line regulated verse) or longer free-flowing poems
B. Discuss how cultural background influences poetry:
Western poetry (Haiku, Cinquain, List Poem) often focuses on brevity, simplicity, and nature’s transience.Tang Poetry frequently explores human emotions, nostalgia, and philosophical reflections.
Answer:
Cultural background deeply influences poetic themes and structure.
Western poetry values brevity, simplicity, and momentary beauty, influenced by Zen and individualism.
Tang poetry emphasizes human emotions, nostalgia, and fate, shaped by Confucian, Daoist, and Buddhist traditions.
Both traditions use nature but for different symbolic purposes—Haiku for observation and transience, Tang poetry for emotion and historical reflection.
目的：培养跨文化诗歌比较能力，帮助学生分析东西方诗歌在情感表达、主题和结构上的异同。
阅读技能目标：
跨文化分析（Cross-Cultural Analysis）—比较不同文化的诗歌表达方式，提高文化理解力。
文本结构识别（Text Structure Recognition）—通过维恩图等方式，帮助学生可视化不同诗歌形式的特点。
3.
A. Poetry isn’t just in books—where do we see poetic elements today Find and analyze two real-world examples (e.g., music lyrics, advertising, social media captions, speeches).
How do they use rhythm, imagery, or repetition like traditional poetry
Do they serve the same purpose as classic poetry Why or why not
Example 1: Song Lyrics – "Someone Like You" by Adele
Answer:
Poetic Elements Used:
Repetition: "Nevermind, I’ll find someone like you" reinforces longing and emotional intensity.
Imagery: "I heard that you’re settled down" paints a picture of lost love and nostalgia.
Rhythm: The song follows a structured verse-chorus form, much like traditional poetry’s rhythmic flow.
Comparison to Traditional Poetry:
Like Tang Poetry, it expresses longing and heartbreak but in a more personal, conversational tone.
Example 2: Advertising Slogan – "Just Do It" (Nike)
Poetic Elements Used:
Conciseness: Like Haiku, the phrase is short but impactful.
Rhythm: The three-word phrase has a strong, rhythmic beat, making it memorable.
Symbolism: It represents motivation and action, much like traditional poetry uses symbols to convey emotions.
Comparison to Traditional Poetry:
Unlike classic poetry, which often conveys deep emotions, advertising slogans use poetic elements for persuasion rather than artistic expression.
Do These Serve the Same Purpose as Classic Poetry
Similarities:
Both use poetic devices (imagery, rhythm, repetition) to evoke emotions.
Both are designed to be memorable and impactful.
Differences:
Classic poetry aims to express deep emotions and philosophy, while modern applications (songs, ads) often serve commercial or entertainment purposes.
Advertising simplifies poetic elements for persuasion, whereas literary poetry encourages deeper thought and interpretation.
B. Collect phrases from advertisements, song lyrics, social media, or speeches. Arrange them into a new poem while keeping rhythm and meaning.
Answer:
Collected Phrases from Different Sources:
Advertising: “Just do it” (Nike)
Song Lyrics: “Like a bridge over troubled water” (Simon & Garfunkel)
Social Media Caption: “Keep moving forward”
Famous Speech: “I have a dream” (Martin Luther King Jr.)
New Poem: "Dream Forward"
I have a dream,
A bridge over troubled water,
Just do it,
Keep moving forward.
Analysis of Poetic Elements Used:
Rhythm: The poem maintains a steady, motivational flow.
Imagery: "A bridge over troubled water" symbolizes hope and guidance.
Repetition: "Keep moving forward" reinforces perseverance.
目的： 提升创造性思维与文本重构能力，通过收集和重组现代语料，创作具有诗意的文本。
阅读技能目标：
现实世界连接（Real-World Connection）—让学生认识诗歌在现代传播中的作用，提高诗歌在日常生活中的应用意识。
文本分析（Text Analysis）—训练学生识别韵律、意象和重复手法，并理解其在不同文本中的作用。
创造性写作（Creative Writing）—通过语言重组，培养学生在不同情境下创造诗歌的能力。
V. 词块积累及应用
1. 绘制思维导图：
中心词：English Poems
分支 1：Feelings (e.g., joy and sorrow,curiosity and wonder,appreciation and inspiration)
分支 2：Actions (e.g.,composing poetry,reading and reciting,exploring themes,creating imagery)
分支 3：Reflections(e.g.,language learning,cultural appreciation,variety of forms)
A．比较与对比相关表达 Both poems convey… 用法：描述两首诗的共同点 替换表达：Each poem expresses… Similarly, these poems use… 用法：强调诗歌之间的相似性 替换表达：In a similar way, both poets incorporate… Unlike Western poetry, Tang Poetry… 用法：对比中西方诗歌的不同 替换表达：In contrast to Western poetry, Tang poetry tends to… While Haiku focuses on brevity, Tang Poetry… 用法：对比俳句和唐诗的特点 替换表达：Whereas Haiku captures a single moment, Tang poetry… 象征意义相关表达 This poem uses nature imagery to symbolize… 用法：解释诗歌中自然意象的象征意义 替换表达：The poet employs nature as a metaphor for… The poet conveys a sense of longing through… 用法：描述诗歌中表达的渴望或思念 替换表达：The theme of longing is reinforced by… The river represents time passing. 用法：解释河流在诗歌中的象征意义 替换表达：Flowing water symbolizes the movement of time. Autumn leaves reflect the fleeting nature of life. 用法：解释秋叶在诗歌中的象征意义 替换表达：Falling leaves illustrate life’s impermanence. 诗歌情感相关表达 The poem evokes a sense of nostalgia. 用法：描述诗歌唤起的怀旧情感 替换表达：This poem brings forth deep reminiscence. It creates a melancholic atmosphere by… 用法：解释诗歌如何营造忧伤的氛围 替换表达：A sorrowful tone is established through… The emotional intensity is heightened by… 用法：描述诗歌如何增强情感的强度 替换表达：The poet deepens the emotional impact by… The warmth of the poem is reflected in… 用法：描述诗歌的温暖和舒适感 替换表达：A comforting tone emerges from…
目的：让学生在不同语境下灵活运用学到的诗歌相关词汇和表达，帮助学生形成语义网络，内化语言。
2. 迁移应用：
A. 请用以下词汇和表达描述一幅诗意的自然景象
词汇支持：
自然意象（Nature Imagery）： whispering wind, golden leaves, flowing river, silent moon
情感词汇（Emotion Words）： peaceful, mysterious, nostalgic, soothing, overwhelming
句型支持：
Descriptive: The [nature element] [verb] softly, creating a sense of [emotion].
Metaphorical: Like a [symbol], the [object] [action], reminding us of [theme].
示例句：
The golden leaves drifted silently, whispering stories of the past.
Like a forgotten melody, the river carried time away into the endless horizon.
目标： 帮助学生运用诗歌常见的自然与情感表达，描述富有意境的画面，为诗歌创作做准备。
B. 模拟对话：用诗意的方式表达你的情绪
情境： 你正在面对一段复杂的情感（如想念家乡、等待某人、对未来充满期待），用诗意化的语言表达自己的感受。
句型支持：
"I feel like [nature element], drifting towards [emotion]."
"Could you hear the whisper of [symbolic object] It speaks of [emotion]."
"Like the fading stars, my [emotion] lingers in the quiet night."
示例对话：
A: You seem lost in thought. What’s on your mind
B: Like the autumn wind, I wander between longing and hope, unsure where I belong.
A: That’s poetic. Are you feeling nostalgic
B: Yes, I miss the warmth of home, yet the horizon whispers of new journeys.
目标： 让学生运用象征、比喻和拟人的修辞手法，使对话更具诗意，提升语言表现力。
C. 写一首短诗，描绘你的情感或回忆，至少使用以下表达
词汇支持：
象征意义（Symbolism）： drifting, fading, lingering, echoing
时间意象（Time Imagery）： yesterday, fleeting, eternity, moment
自然意象（Nature Imagery）： waves, mist, twilight, falling leaves
句型支持：
"The [object] drifts, carrying [emotion] with every whisper."
"In the [time of day], [memory] lingers like [symbolic object]."
"There’s a lot to [reflect on / explore] in the silence of [nature setting]."
示例写作框架：
开头： 描述你的感受（情感词汇）
中间： 描述与你的记忆或情感相关的场景、意象
结尾： 总结你的思考与期待（结果与反思表达）
示例诗歌：
Twilight fades into whispers of yesterday,
Waves carry dreams across silent shores.
In the lingering mist of dawn,
Hope glows like a firefly’s fleeting dance.
目标： 通过写作巩固象征、情感和诗歌结构表达，让学生在创作中体验诗歌的节奏与意境。
目的：该任务聚焦于诗歌词汇的积累与应用，通过自然意象、情感表达和象征手法，帮助学生增强语言的诗意表达能力，并在描述、对话、写作中实现词汇迁移。
阅读技能目标：
扩展与诗歌相关的词汇（自然、象征、情感词汇）
将新词汇应用于不同的语境（描述、对话、创作）以增强理解与表达能力
培养诗歌鉴赏与创作能力，提高学生用语言构建意境的能力Reading Comprehension Worksheet（学生版）
XBook3Unit 5 Reading and Thinking: A Few Simple Forms of English Poems
I. Understanding and Main Idea Extraction（What文章理解与主旨提取）
1.
A. Based on the passage title, predict the main topic:
“One of the simplest kinds of poem is the .”
“Another simple form of poem that amateurs can easily write is the .”
B. What do you think the passage will focus on
A. The history of poetry
B. Different types of poetry and their structures
C. How to write a novel
D. The importance of rhyme in poems
C. Based on the structure and headings of the passage, summarize what information you expect to find.
2.
A. Complete the table below by extracting information from the passage:
Poetic Form Rhythmic Features Structural Requirements Example Poem Title
List Poem
Cinquain
Haiku
B. The passage describes different poetic forms. Which of these statements are TRUE about them
() Haiku follows a strict syllable pattern.() A list poem always rhymes.() Cinquain has a set five-line structure. () Tang poetry is originally from Japan.
What similarities do you notice between List Poems and Cinquains What differences do they have
II. Emotional and Deeper Meaning Analysis（Why情感与深层意义分析）
1.
A. What is the central theme of Poem B "Mother"
A. The beauty of nature
B. The uniqueness and irreplaceability of a mother
C. The life cycle of butterflies
D. The importance of rhythm in poetry
If you were to rewrite the theme of this poem in one sentence, how would you phrase it
C.Some people may argue that this poem is about nature rather than motherhood.Do you agree or disagree Support your argument with at least two lines from the poem.
2.
How does Poem F "Tang Poetry" express longing and devotion
B. Match the following symbols in poem F with their possible meanings:
Poetic Symbol Possible Meaning
The flowing river A. A strong foundation of love
The waiting figure B. Time passing without reunion
The immovable stone C. Eternal patience and unchanging love
The wind and rain D. The unpredictability of fate
C. Compare the expression of longing and devotion in Tang Poetry with another cultural or literary example (e.g., a Shakespearean sonnet, a romantic novel, a song lyric).How do different cultures express love and devotion differently Which form of expression feels more powerful or emotional to you, and why
3.
A. Compare the emotional tone of Poem B (Mother) and Poem F (Tang Poetry). How does each convey feelings of love or longing
Rewrite one stanza from Poem B (Mother) in the style of Tang Poetry to intensify the sense of longing.Rewrite one stanza from Poem F (Tang Poetry) in the style of Poem B, making it feel more warm and affectionate.
C. Write a short letter to the poet of either Poem B or Poem F, expressing your thoughts on how their poem made you feel. Ask them one question about their poem’s emotional intent.
III. Structural Analysis and Creative Output（How结构分析与创造性输出）
1.
A. Poem D (Cinquain) follows a five-line structure. Fill in the pattern:
______ (One word, represents the topic)
______ (Two adjectives, describe the topic)
______ (Three action verbs, show movement)
______ (Four words, express emotion or description)
______ (One word, sums up the topic)
B. Your teacher will provide you with five lines written on separate cards.Rearrange them into the correct cinquain order.Explain your reasoning to a partner.
Below is a cinquain poem with one line missing.Identify which part of the structure is missing.Fill in the missing line with an appropriate phrase.
Example:
___ (Missing line)
Golden, warm
Rising, shining, warming
Brings joy to morning
Sun
2.
A. Identify the poetic device used in these lines:
“Life can be dreams, Life can be great thoughts.”
A. Parallelism
B. Metaphor
C. Hyperbole
B. The sentence "Life can be dreams, Life can be great thoughts." follows a pattern. Below are four sentences. Identify which one uses the same poetic device.
"Love is a river, flowing endlessly."
"Time moves forward, Time never waits."
"She cried an ocean of tears."
"The wind whispered through the trees."
C.Rewrite "Life can be dreams, Life can be great thoughts." using one of the following poetic devices:A Metaphor，A Hyperbole，An Alliteration。
3.
A. Underline examples of symbolism in Poem E (Haiku).
B. Look at the following paintings, movie scenes, or photographs featuring nature.
Identify one symbol that could relate to Poem E (Haiku).Explain how visual symbolism conveys the same emotions as the poem.
IV. Critical Thinking and Application（批判性思维与实践运用）
1.
A. Write your own poem:
List Poem: Create a rhythmic pattern by listing related words.
Cinquain: Follow the five-line structure to write a poem about a person or feeling.
Haiku: Write a 5-7-5 syllable poem about a seasonal change or a natural scene.
B. Question:
Work in groups of three or four.
Each person writes one line for a List Poem, Cinquain, or Haiku.
Combine the lines into a cohesive poem.
C. Choose a song or instrumental piece that matches the mood of your poem. Perform a dramatic reading while the music plays in the background.
2.
A.Create a Venn Diagram comparing Western Poetry and Tang Poetry based on:Emotional intensity, Cultural themes, Use of nature & symbolism, Poetic structure
B. Discuss how cultural background influences poetry:
3.
A. Poetry isn’t just in books—where do we see poetic elements today Find and analyze two real-world examples (e.g., music lyrics, advertising, social media captions, speeches).
How do they use rhythm, imagery, or repetition like traditional poetry
Do they serve the same purpose as classic poetry Why or why not
B. Collect phrases from advertisements, song lyrics, social media, or speeches. Arrange them into a new poem while keeping rhythm and meaning.
V. 词块积累及应用
A. 比较与对比（Comparing & Contrasting）
B 象征意义（Symbolism & Interpretation）
C. 诗歌情感（Expressing Emotions in Poetry）
D. 诗歌结构（Poetic Structure & Form）
E. 个人回应（Personal Response & Evaluation）
2. 迁移应用：
A. 请用以下词汇和表达描述一幅诗意的自然景象
词汇支持：
自然意象（Nature Imagery）： whispering wind, golden leaves, flowing river, silent moon
情感词汇（Emotion Words）： peaceful, mysterious, nostalgic, soothing, overwhelming
句型支持：
Descriptive: The [nature element] [verb] softly, creating a sense of [emotion].
Metaphorical: Like a [symbol], the [object] [action], reminding us of [theme].
B. 模拟对话：用诗意的方式表达你的情绪
情境： 你正在面对一段复杂的情感（如想念家乡、等待某人、对未来充满期待），用诗意化的语言表达自己的感受。
句型支持：
"I feel like [nature element], drifting towards [emotion]."
"Could you hear the whisper of [symbolic object] It speaks of [emotion]."
"Like the fading stars, my [emotion] lingers in the quiet night."
C. 写一首短诗，描绘你的情感或回忆，至少使用以下表达
词汇支持：
象征意义（Symbolism）： drifting, fading, lingering, echoing
时间意象（Time Imagery）： yesterday, fleeting, eternity, moment
自然意象（Nature Imagery）： waves, mist, twilight, falling leaves
句型支持："The [object] drifts, carrying [emotion] with every whisper."
"In the [time of day], [memory] lingers like [symbolic object]."
"There’s a lot to [reflect on / explore] in the silence of [nature setting]."
