选择性必修3 Unit 3 Reading and Thinking语篇分析
分析维度 内容项
What：语篇的主题、内容、结构、逻辑关系 一、文章基本信息 文章标题：Climate Change Requires the World’s Attention 作者： 文章类型：说明文 主题/中心思想：文章围绕气候变化这一主题展开，阐述了地球变暖、极端天气和自然灾害增加等气候变化的表现、“人为” 温室效应的原因，强调其对地球生态和人类的严重影响，呼吁全世界关注并采取行动应对气候变化。
二、文本结构与内容分析 整体结构： 文章分为引言、主体和结论三部分。引言部分通过图表引入气候变暖的现象；主体部分展示北极熊案例，解释温室效应的自然和人为原因，并说明气候变化带来的极端天气和自然灾害；结论部分呼吁全球采取行动。 段落分布： 文章共有五个段落，第一段为引言，第二至四段为主体，第五段为结论。引言部分介绍了气候变化的现状；主体部分通过北极熊饿死的案例说明气候变化对地球生态的影响，解释全球表面平均温度上升的原因是“温室效应”，重点强调“人为”温室效应的危害；结论部分呼吁各国政府和个人采取行动应对气候变化。 逻辑关系： 因果关系：先指出气候变化的现象，再分析其产生的原因，接着阐述带来的影响，即温室效应导致气温上升，气温上升导致生态和气候问题。 并列关系：文章最后基于前面的因果关系提出施政府和个人的应对措施。 衔接与连贯： 文章使用了连接词，如“Then”引出对温度上升原因的探讨；“However”转折强调“人为”温室效应的问题；“In fact”举例说明气温上升导致的极端天气情况。还运用指代，如“This alarming case”指代北极熊饿死的案例，使文章衔接紧密。 段落功能： 每个段落的功能明确：第一段引出话题，引起读者对气候变化的关注；第二段以具体案例直观展示气候变化对生态的影响；第三段解释原因，让读者理解气候变化的内在机制；第四段强调影响的严重性；第五段提出呼吁，升华主题，引导读者思考如何行动。
Why：语篇的深层涵义、情感态度、作者意图 三、写作意图与文化背景分析 文化背景： 文章反映了全球共同关注的环境问题这一社会背景，体现了人类对生存环境的重视和担忧，基于全球环境问题日益严峻的背景进行写作，促使读者思考人类活动与环境的关系。 背景知识的运用： 文章为了让读者深入理解气候变化的原理，解释了温室效应的自然和人为原因，这需要一定的背景知识来理解“温室效应”“短波辐射”“长波辐射”“化石燃料”等概念需要具备一定的地理和物理知识。 写作意图： 文章的写作目的是让读者了解气候变化的现状、原因、影响，唤起人们对气候变化问题的重视，呼吁政府和个人采取行动，共同应对气候变化，保护地球环境。
四、情感态度与价值取向分析 情感态度： 作者对气候变化的现状表现出强烈的担忧和紧迫感，对人类活动导致的环境问题持批判态度，同时对采取行动解决问题持积极态度。 价值取向： 文章传达了保护环境、关注全球生态平衡的价值观，强调人类有责任采取行动应对气候变化，体现了对人类可持续发展的重视。
五、论点与文章有效性分析 论点清晰度与证据支持： 文章论点清晰明确，即气候变化需要全世界关注并采取行动应对。文章提供了多方面证据，如北极熊饿死的案例、极端天气的新闻报道等，从生态和社会影响方面支持论点。 文章有效性与局限性： 文章在阐述气候变化的现象、原因和影响方面逻辑清晰，证据充分，具有较强说服力。但在应对措施方面，仅简单提及政府和个人应采取行动，未详细阐述具体可行的方案，存在一定局限性。 文章与现实的联系： 文章与现实紧密相关，在当今社会中体现明显。极端天气事件频繁发生，对人们的生活和经济造成严重影响，容易引发读者共鸣，让读者意识到气候变化与自身生活息息相关。
六、逻辑关系与推理分析 显性逻辑关系： 因果关系贯穿全文，如“人为”温室效应导致地球表面温度上升，进而引发极端天气和自然灾害增加。例证关系体现在用北极熊饿死和极端天气新闻报道来证明气候变化的影响。 隐性推理与假设： 隐性推理表现在文章的隐含假设上：文章暗示如果不采取行动，气候变化的危害将持续加剧，人类将面临更严重的后果。假设了政府制定政策、个人减少“碳足迹”等措施能够有效缓解气候变化问题。
How：语篇的文体特征、语言特点、修辞手法、结构分析 七、语言与文体特征分析 语言特点： 文章语言平实易懂，使用了一些科普词汇，如“温室效应”“短波辐射”“长波辐射”等，兼具科学性和通俗性，没有明显的感彩词汇，以客观描述为主。 句式与句型分析： 文章句式多样，使用了简单句、复合句和并列句，增强了表达的逻辑性和连贯性。 文体特征： 文章属于学术性与科普性相结合的文体，以说明为主，客观阐述气候变化相关知识，结构严谨，条理清晰。 修辞手法： 文章使用了比喻（“皮包骨头”）和排比（列举气候变化的影响）两种修辞手法，通过这些修辞手法加强了文章的表现力和情感的传达。
八、写作手法分析 写作技巧与表达方式： 文章运用了举例说明的写作技巧，如北极熊饿死和极端天气的例子，使抽象的气候变化问题变得具体可感，增强了文章的说服力和可读性。语言简洁明了，在有限的篇幅内传达了丰富的信息。
九、个人理解与批判性思维 个人理解与反思： 文章围绕气候变化这一主题展开，阐述了气候变化的表现、原因和影响。气候变化确实是一个严峻的全球性问题，影响着生态平衡和人类的生存发展。文章让我更加深刻地认识到气候变化问题的紧迫性，意识到每个人都应该为应对气候变化贡献力量。 批判性思维与反思： 文章存在一定局限，在应对措施方面过于简略，可能让读者觉得应对气候变化的方法过于简单，还应思考更多具体、有效的应对策略，以及如何在全球范围内更好地推动这些措施的实施。
课文语言表达梳理 一、情感描述相关表达 There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer. 用法：表示“几乎没有疑问”，强调对事实的确定性，传达出一种紧迫感和不容忽视的情感。 替换表达：There is no denying that Earth is becoming increasingly warmer. A warming ocean and atmosphere along with melting ice and rising sea levels provide evidence of a dramatic change in the global climate. 用法：强调严重性和紧迫性，表达对现状的担忧 替换表达：The warming ocean and atmosphere, coupled with melting ice and rising sea levels, highlight a profound change in the global climate. This alarming case showed how the increase in temperature had an impact on Earth’s ecology. 用法：表达内心担忧，强调事情的严重性 替换表达：This disturbing case demonstrated the impact of rising temperatures on Earth’s ecology. Climate scientists have warned that if we do not take appropriate actions, this warming trend will probably continue. 用法：表达担忧和紧迫感 替换表达：Experts have urgently advised that failure to act will result in continued warming.
二、行为描写相关表达 The bear appeared to have starved and died. 用法：描述对特定活动或事件的猜测 替换表达：The bear seemed to have died due to lack of food. The bear had to travel greater distances in order to find food. 用法：描述行为的被迫性 替换表达：The girl sitting next to me kept asking questions. Governments need to consider making policies and taking appropriate actions and measures. 用法：表达行动方向 替换表达：Governments must reflect on creating policies and taking proper measures.
三、结果与反思相关表达 There is strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide, not only causing serious damage, but also costing human lives. 用法：描述事件的后果 替换表达：The increase in temperature has resulted in more frequent extreme weather events and natural disasters, bringing about significant destruction and loss of life. It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming, along with its causes and impacts. 用法：表达呼吁和反思 替换表达：We have a duty to take every chance to raise awareness about global warming, its causes, and its effects. Continued greenhouse gas emissions will result in further warming and long-lasting changes to the global climate. 用法：描述事件的后果 替换表达：Persistent greenhouse gas emissions will bring about further warming and lasting changes to the global climate.
文章结构梳理 Article Analysis: First Impressions
1. Main Idea The central theme of the article is to highlight the urgent issue of climate change, emphasizing its causes, impacts, and the need for global action. The author uses scientific evidence, real-world examples, and a call to action to convey the seriousness of the problem and to encourage both governments and individuals to take responsibility for reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
2. Paragraph Summaries and Functions Paragraph 1 Summary: The author introduces the topic of climate change, stating that the Earth is undeniably getting warmer, supported by evidence such as warming oceans, melting ice, and rising sea levels. Function: It serves as the introduction, setting the stage for the discussion by presenting the basic facts about climate change and its observable effects. Paragraph 2 Summary: A specific case of a dead polar bear found in Norway is described, which experts believe starved due to low sea-ice levels caused by climate change. This example shows the direct impact of rising temperatures on Earth’s ecology. Function: It provides a concrete example to make the issue more relatable and emotionally impactful, showing how climate change affects wildlife and ecosystems. Paragraph 3 Summary: It explains the greenhouse effect, distinguishing between the natural greenhouse effect and the man-made greenhouse effect. Function: It educates the reader about the scientific basis of climate change, clarifying the difference between natural and human-induced factors. Paragraph 4 Summary: It discusses the consequences of rising temperatures, including an increase in extreme weather events and natural disasters, which have caused significant damage and loss of life. Scientists warn that without action, the situation will worsen. Function: It emphasizes the severity of the problem by highlighting the real-world impacts of climate change, reinforcing the need for urgent action. Paragraph 5 Summary: It calls for global attention and collective action to address climate change. It outlines the responsibilities of governments in creating policies and the role of individuals in reducing their carbon footprint. Function: It summarizes the key points and provides a clear call to action. It empowers readers by suggesting practical steps they can take and reinforces the idea that everyone has a role to play in combating climate change.
3. Key Details from Each Paragraph Paragraph 1 Earth is getting warmer. Evidence: warming ocean and atmosphere, melting ice, rising sea levels. Paragraph 2 Dead polar bear found in 2013 on Norway’s Arctic Island of Svalbard. The bear was “skin and bones” and seemed to have starved. Low sea-ice levels due to climate change affected its hunting of seals. Paragraph 3 The “greenhouse effect” has two meanings: natural and man-made. Natural greenhouse effect: Greenhouse gases trap heat, keeping Earth warm and habitable. Man-made greenhouse effect: Burning fossil fuels increases greenhouse gases, causing rapid temperature rise. Paragraph 4 Rising temperatures lead to increased extreme weather and natural disasters. Climate scientists warn of continued warming if no action is taken. Examples of extreme weather events causing deaths and economic losses. Paragraph 5 Governments need to create policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Individuals can reduce their "carbon footprint" by limiting carbon dioxide emissions. Education and awareness are crucial in addressing climate change. A call to action: urging readers to consider what they can do to help.
Reading Comprehension Worksheet（教师版）
XB 3 Unit 3 Reading and Thinking: Climate Change Requires World’s Attention
I. Understanding and Main Idea Extraction（What文章理解与主旨提取）
A. What is the main idea of this article
A. The article discusses the natural processes of climate change and their impact on wildlife.
B. The article highlights the urgent need for global action to address climate change and its severe consequences.
C. The article provides a detailed explanation of the greenhouse effect and its role in global warming.
D. The article focuses on the economic impacts of climate change on different countries.
Answer: B
B. “The article emphasizes the profound ________ of climate change on both the planet’s ________ and human populations, calling for immediate ________________ to lower greenhouse gas emissions.”
Answer: “The article emphasizes the profound consequences of climate change on both the planet’s ecosystems and human populations, calling for immediate international efforts to lower greenhouse gas emissions.”
C. Summarize the article in 1–2 sentences.
The article highlights the severe impacts of climate change on Earth’s ecosystems and human societies, emphasizing the urgent need for global action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
目的： 该问题考察学生从文章中提取主旨和关键信息的能力。总结要求理解文章的核心信息。
阅读技能目标：
能识别文章中的关键信息。
能将信息进行整合并形成简洁的总结。
A. Multiple choice questions
What is the “natural” greenhouse effect
A. The process of burning fossil fuels.
B. The trapping of heat by greenhouse gases to keep Earth warm and habitable.
C. The increase in extreme weather events.
D. The melting of ice caps.
Answer: B
What is the main cause of the “man-made” greenhouse effect
A. Natural disasters.
B. The production of extra greenhouse gases by burning fossil fuels.
C. The decrease in polar bear population.
D. The rise in sea levels.
Answer: B
B. Explain the difference between the “natural” and “man-made” greenhouse effects as described in the article.
Answer: The “natural” greenhouse effect is essential for keeping Earth’s climate warm and habitable by trapping some of the sun’s heat. The “man-made” greenhouse effect is caused by human activities, such as burning fossil fuels, which release additional greenhouse gases and lead to a rapid increase in global temperatures.
目的： 检查学生对文章中关键概念的理解和总结能力。
阅读技能目标：
培养学生准确释义和总结的能力。
A. Match the main idea with each part.
XB3U3人教版选必3 Unit3语篇分析+阅读单（教师版）
Part 1: (para.1-2 )
Part 2: (para. 3)
Part 3: (para. 4)
Part 4: (para. 5)
A. The consequences of the rise in temperature.
B. The causes of the increase in the global average surface temperature.
C. The solutions to reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
D. The evidence of dramatic climate change that had an impact on Earth’s ecology.
Answer: Part 1-D; Part 2-B; Part 3-A; Part4-C.
B. Arrange the following statements in the order they appear in the article.
1. The polar bear case shows the impact of climate change on ecology.
2. The “natural” and “man-made” greenhouse effects are explained.
3. The need for global attention and actions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions is emphasized.
4. The evidence of Earth getting warmer is presented.
Answer: 4-1-2-3.
C. Complete the paragraph summaries.
Paragraph 1: Introducing the topic
Paragraph 2: Describing the ________________
Paragraph 3: Presenting some _______________
Paragraph 4: Presenting further_______________
Answer: impact of climate change on Earth’s ecology; causes of global temperature rise; consequences and actions needed to address climate change.
目的： 检查学生对文章逻辑结构的理解和段落大意的概括。
阅读技能目标：
培养学生识别文章逻辑顺序的能力。
培养学生段落大意概括的能力
A. What evidence is provided to show that the Earth is getting warmer
Answer: The evidence includes a warming ocean and atmosphere, melting ice, and rising sea levels.
B. The following reasons account for the death of the polar bear, with one influencing another. Put them in a correct logical order.
1. low sea-ice level
2. starvation
3. longer food-seeking travel
4. lack of food
5. climate change
Answer: 5-1-4-3-2
C. Complete the sentences based on the text.
The rise in temperature has led to an increase in __________ and __________ worldwide.
Answer: extreme weather; natural disasters
Governments need to consider making __________ and taking appropriate __________ to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
Answer: policies; actions
D. Complete the mind map according to this article.
Answer: evidence; impact; natural; “man-made”; consequences; solutions; make policies; take appropriate actions and measures; reduce; educate everyone about global warming.
目的： 该问题考察学生从文章中提取关键信息的能力; 以及对文章整体内容的理解和整合能力。
阅读技能目标：
培养学生提取和理解关键信息的能力。
培养学生通过图形化工具组织和表达信息的能力。
II. Emotional and Deeper Meaning Analysis（Why情感与深层意义分析）
A. What is the main purpose of the article
A. To describe the life of polar bears.
B. To explain the causes and effects of climate change.
C. To promote tourism in the Arctic.
D. To discuss the history of climate science.
Answer: B
B. Complete the sentence:
The author’s main purpose in writing this article is to __________ the dangers of climate change and __________ for global action to address it.
Answer: highlight; call.
C. What is the main aim of the article
Answer: The article aims to alert readers to climate change, explain its causes and impacts, and urge governments and individuals to take action to combat.
目的： 检查学生对文章主旨的理解。
阅读技能目标：
培养学生把握文章主题和主要目的的能力。。
A. What happened to the polar bear in the photo Why did the writer write about it
Answer: The polar bear in the photo died of starvation. The writer wrote about it because it showed one of the effects of rising temperatures due to climate change.
B. Why did the author mention the climate scientists’ warning
Answer: The author mentioned the climate scientists’ warning because it is essential that we take action and so it needs to be brought to everyone’s attention.
C. What can be inferred about the author’s view on the urgency of addressing climate change
A. It can wait until technology improves.
B. It is a problem that only governments should worry about.
C. It requires immediate attention and action from everyone.
D. It is not a significant issue compared to economic growth. What might be the implications of not taking action on climate change
Answer: C
目的： 该问题让学生思考作者对于细节部分的写作意图以及对文章中隐含信息的理解。
阅读技能目标：
培养学生从文章中提取隐含信息的能力。
理解作者的写作意图。
A. What can be inferred about the author’s attitude towards climate change
Answer: The author is concerned and urgent about climate change.
B. True or False:
The author believes that climate change is a problem that can be easily solved with current technology.
Answer: False
C. What is the tone of the author when discussing the impact of climate change on polar bears
A. Neutral
B. Indifferent
C. Alarmed
D. Optimistic.
Answer: C
目的： 该问题检查学生对作者态度的推理能力, 对作者观点的理解。
阅读技能目标：
培养学生从文章细节中推测作者意图和态度的能力。
A. How might different cultures view the responsibility of addressing climate change differently Please provide an example.
Answer: Some cultures may prioritize community-based solutions and traditional knowledge, while others may focus more on technological advancements. For example, indigenous cultures might emphasize living in harmony with nature, while industrialized nations might focus on policy changes and innovation.
B. How can cultural differences impact the approach to solving climate change
Answer: Cultural differences can influence the priority given to environmental issues, the methods used to address them, and the willingness to adopt new technologies or practices. Understanding these differences can help in designing more effective global strategies.
目的： 该问题检查学生对文化差异对问题解决影响的理解。
阅读技能目标：
培养学生跨文化分析和批判性思维能力。
III. Structural Analysis and Creative Output（How结构分析与创造性输出）
A. Multiple Choice Question
Which of the following best describes the structure of the article
A. Chronological order
B. Cause and effect
C. Problem and solution
D. Comparison and contrast
Answer: C
B. Complete the sentence:
The article begins with evidence of climate change, then discusses the __________ of climate change on wildlife, followed by an explanation of the __________, and finally suggests __________ to address the issue.
Answer: impact, greenhouse effect, solutions
目的： 该问题侧重于文章整体结构的把握，检查学生对文章各段功能的理解。
阅读技能目标：
培养学生识别语篇结构的能力。
培养学生把握段落功能的能力。
A. Match the following sentences with their functions in the text.
a. Transition sentence
b. Topic sentence
c. Supporting detail
1. “Then what is causing the increase in the global average surface temperature ”
2. “Climate scientists have warned that if we do not take appropriate actions, this warming trend will probably continue and there will be a higher price to pay.”
3. “In 2013, a lot of people were shocked by a news photo of a dead polar bear...”
Answer: 1-A; 2-C; 3-B
B. Which of the following rhetorical devices is used in the sentence “The polar bear may die for lacking food”
A. Metaphor
B. Personification
C. Hyperbole
D. Euphemism
Answer: D
C. How do the graphs and images in the article support the text
Answer: The graphs provide evidence of rising temperatures, while the image of the polar bear illustrates the impact of climate change on wildlife.
目的： 该问题检查学生对文章中过渡句、主题句、细节句和修辞手法的理解; 对多模态语篇中非文字信息的理解。
阅读技能目标：
培养学生识别语篇中显性和隐性衔接手段的能力。
培养学生分析语篇中修辞手段的能力。
培养学生理解多模态语篇中文字和非文字信息如何共同建构意义的能力。
IV. Critical Thinking and Application（批判性思维与实践运用）
A. What are some potential challenges in implementing global policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions
Answer: Challenges include economic impacts on industries, political disagreements between countries, and difficulties in enforcing international agreements.
B. How can you, as an individual, contribute to reducing your carbon footprint in your daily life
Answer: using public transportation, reducing energy consumption at home, recycling, and supporting renewable energy initiatives.
目的： 该问题鼓励学生批判性思考如何应对环境变化，思考可能面对的挑战，提出解决问题的有效方法。
阅读技能目标：
分析文本中的问题并提出可行的解决方案。
将批判性思维应用于实际情境。
A. How might different cultures view the responsibility of addressing climate change differently Provide an example.
Answer:
Some cultures may prioritize community-based solutions and traditional knowledge, while others may focus more on technological advancements. For example, indigenous cultures might emphasize living in harmony with nature, while industrialized nations might focus on policy changes and innovation.
B. How can cultural differences impact the approach to solving climate change
Answer:
Cultural differences can influence the priority given to environmental issues, the methods used to address them, and the willingness to adopt new technologies or practices. Understanding these differences can help in designing more effective global strategies.
目的： 检查学生对文化差异对问题解决影响的理解。
阅读技能目标：
培养学生跨文化分析和批判性思维能力。
Write a short essay reflecting on the following question: “What emotions did the article evoke in you, and how do these emotions influence your view on climate change ”
Reducing Carbon Footprint: The Key to Addressing Climate Change
The most important action I can take to address climate change is to reduce my carbon footprint. As the article highlights, the "man-made" greenhouse effect, driven by burning fossil fuels, is a major cause of global warming. By making small changes in daily life, such as using public transport, conserving energy at home, and reducing waste, I can significantly cut down my carbon emissions. These actions are crucial because they directly target the root cause of climate change. Moreover, by adopting a sustainable lifestyle, I can set an example for others and contribute to a larger movement towards a low-carbon future. Reducing my carbon footprint is not only a personal responsibility but also a powerful way to protect our planet for future generations.
目的： 该任务要求学生将文章中的见解与个人经验相结合，增强个人反思与创造性写作能力。
阅读技能目标：
将文本中的知识与个人经验相结合。
进行自我反思，并发展创造性写作能力。
V. 词块积累及应用
1. 绘制思维导图：
中心词：climate change
分支 1：Feelings (e.g., there is little doubt, dramatic, alarming, warn)
分支 2：Actions (e.g., appear to, have to, need to)
分支 3：Reflections (e.g., lead to, it is our responsibility to, result in)
A. 情感描述相关表达
There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer.
用法：表示“几乎没有疑问”，强调对事实的确定性，传达出一种紧迫感和不容忽视的情感。
替换表达：There is no denying that Earth is becoming increasingly warmer.
A warming ocean and atmosphere along with melting ice and rising sea levels provide evidence of a dramatic change in the global climate.
用法：强调严重性和紧迫性，表达对现状的担忧
替换表达：The warming ocean and atmosphere, coupled with melting ice and rising sea levels, highlight a profound change in the global climate.
This alarming case showed how the increase in temperature had an impact on Earth’s ecology.
用法：表达内心担忧，强调事情的严重性
替换表达：This disturbing case demonstrated the impact of rising temperatures on Earth’s ecology.
Climate scientists have warned that if we do not take appropriate actions, this warming trend will probably continue.
用法：表达担忧和紧迫感
替换表达：Experts have urgently advised that failure to act will result in continued warming.
B. 行为描写相关表达
The bear appeared to have starved and died.
用法：描述对特定活动或事件的猜测
替换表达：The bear seemed to have died due to lack of food.
The bear had to travel greater distances in order to find food.
用法：描述行为的被迫性
替换表达：The girl sitting next to me kept asking questions.
Governments need to consider making policies and taking appropriate actions and measures.
用法：表达行动方向
替换表达：Governments must reflect on creating policies and taking proper measures.
C. 结果与反思相关表达
There is strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide, not only causing serious damage, but also costing human lives.
用法：描述事件的后果
替换表达：The increase in temperature has resulted in more frequent extreme weather events and natural disasters, bringing about significant destruction and loss of life.
It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming, along with its causes and impacts.
用法：表达呼吁和反思
替换表达：We have a duty to take every chance to raise awareness about global warming, its causes, and its effects.
Continued greenhouse gas emissions will result in further warming and long-lasting changes to the global climate.
用法：描述事件的后果
替换表达：Persistent greenhouse gas emissions will bring about further warming and lasting changes to the global climate.
目的：通过整理文章中的情感、行为和反思表达，帮助学生形成语义网络，内化语言。
2. 迁移应用：
A. 请用以下词汇和表达描述气候变化的现状：
词汇：alarming, dramatic, warn, undeniable, disturbing
句型：There is little/no doubt that...; ...provide evidence of...; Experts warn that...
示例句：
There is no doubt that climate change is real.
Rising temperatures provide evidence of a dramatic shift.
目标：帮助学生运用情感相关词汇和表达描述对气候变化现状的感受。
B. 模拟对话：讨论气候变化的影响及应对措施
句型支持：
It’s alarming. We have to reduce our carbon footprint
We need to use public transport more.
目标：鼓励学生运用行为描写的表达，模拟情景对话。
C. 写一篇短文，描述气候变化的影响及应对措施，至少使用以下表达：
词汇：alarming, urgent, responsible, consequences
句型：There is no denying that...; It is our responsibility to...; Persistent... will lead to...
示例写作框架：
开头：There is no denying that climate change is alarming. Rising temperatures and extreme weather highlight the urgent need for action. （情感词汇）
中间：We need to take decisive steps. Governments must promote renewable energy, while individuals can reduce energy use and support sustainable practices. （行为词汇）
结尾：Persistent inaction will lead to severe consequences. It is our responsibility to act now to protect our planet. （结果与反思表达）
目标：通过写作巩固结果与反思相关表达，拓展学生的输出能力。
目的： 该任务聚焦于词汇积累和应用，帮助学生通过分支的方式表达情感、行为和反思，增强词汇在实际语境中的运用。
阅读技能目标：
扩展与情感、行为相关的词汇。
将新词汇应用于语境中以增强理解与表达能力。Reading Comprehension Worksheet（学生版）
XB 3 Unit 3 Reading and Thinking: Climate Change Requires World’s Attention
I. Understanding and Main Idea Extraction（What文章理解与主旨提取）
A. What is the main idea of this article
A. The article discusses the natural processes of climate change and their impact on wildlife.
B. The article highlights the urgent need for global action to address climate change and its severe consequences.
C. The article provides a detailed explanation of the greenhouse effect and its role in global warming.
D. The article focuses on the economic impacts of climate change on different countries.
B. “The article emphasizes the profound ________ of climate change on both the planet’s ________ and human populations, calling for immediate ________________ to lower greenhouse gas emissions.”
C. Summarize the article in 1–2 sentences.
A. Multiple choice questions
What is the “natural” greenhouse effect
A. The process of burning fossil fuels.
B. The trapping of heat by greenhouse gases to keep Earth warm and habitable.
C. The increase in extreme weather events.
D. The melting of ice caps.
What is the main cause of the “man-made” greenhouse effect
A. Natural disasters.
B. The production of extra greenhouse gases by burning fossil fuels.
C. The decrease in polar bear population.
D. The rise in sea levels.
B. Explain the difference between the “natural” and “man-made” greenhouse effects as described in the article.
A. Match the main idea with each part.
XB3U3人教版选必3 Unit3阅读单（学生版）
Part 1: (para.1-2 )
Part 2: (para. 3)
Part 3: (para. 4)
Part 4: (para. 5)
A. The consequences of the rise in temperature.
B. The causes of the increase in the global average surface temperature.
C. The solutions to reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
D. The evidence of dramatic climate change that had an impact on Earth’s ecology.
B. Arrange the following statements in the order they appear in the article.
1. The polar bear case shows the impact of climate change on ecology.
2. The “natural” and “man-made” greenhouse effects are explained.
3. The need for global attention and actions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions is emphasized.
4. The evidence of Earth getting warmer is presented.
C. Complete the paragraph summaries.
Paragraph 1: Introducing the topic
Paragraph 2: Describing the ________________
Paragraph 3: Presenting some _______________
Paragraph 4: Presenting further_______________
A. What evidence is provided to show that the Earth is getting warmer
B. The following reasons account for the death of the polar bear, with one influencing another. Put them in a correct logical order.
1. low sea-ice level
2. starvation
3. longer food-seeking travel
4. lack of food
5. climate change
C. Complete the sentences based on the text.
The rise in temperature has led to an increase in __________ and __________ worldwide.
Governments need to consider making __________ and taking appropriate __________ to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
D. Complete the mind map according to this article.
II. Emotional and Deeper Meaning Analysis（Why情感与深层意义分析）
A. What is the main purpose of the article
A. To describe the life of polar bears.
B. To explain the causes and effects of climate change.
C. To promote tourism in the Arctic.
D. To discuss the history of climate science.
B. Complete the sentence:
The author’s main purpose in writing this article is to __________ the dangers of climate change and __________ for global action to address it.
C. What is the main aim of the article
A. What happened to the polar bear in the photo Why did the writer write about it
B. Why did the author mention the climate scientists’ warning
C. What can be inferred about the author’s view on the urgency of addressing climate change
A. It can wait until technology improves.
B. It is a problem that only governments should worry about.
C. It requires immediate attention and action from everyone.
D. It is not a significant issue compared to economic growth. What might be the implications of not taking action on climate change
A. What can be inferred about the author’s attitude towards climate change
B. True or False:
The author believes that climate change is a problem that can be easily solved with current technology.
C. What is the tone of the author when discussing the impact of climate change on polar bears
A. Neutral
B. Indifferent
C. Alarmed
D. Optimistic.
A. How might different cultures view the responsibility of addressing climate change differently Please provide an example.
B. How can cultural differences impact the approach to solving climate change
III. Structural Analysis and Creative Output（How结构分析与创造性输出）
A. Multiple Choice Question
Which of the following best describes the structure of the article
A. Chronological order
B. Cause and effect
C. Problem and solution
D. Comparison and contrast
B. Complete the sentence:
The article begins with evidence of climate change, then discusses the __________ of climate change on wildlife, followed by an explanation of the __________, and finally suggests __________ to address the issue.
A. Match the following sentences with their functions in the text.
a. Transition sentence
b. Topic sentence
c. Supporting detail
1. “Then what is causing the increase in the global average surface temperature ”
2. “Climate scientists have warned that if we do not take appropriate actions, this warming trend will probably continue and there will be a higher price to pay.”
3. “In 2013, a lot of people were shocked by a news photo of a dead polar bear...”
B. Which of the following rhetorical devices is used in the sentence “The polar bear may die for lacking food”
A. Metaphor
B. Personification
C. Hyperbole
D. Euphemism
C. How do the graphs and images in the article support the text
IV. Critical Thinking and Application（批判性思维与实践运用）
A. What are some potential challenges in implementing global policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions
B. How can you, as an individual, contribute to reducing your carbon footprint in your daily life
A. How might different cultures view the responsibility of addressing climate change differently Provide an example.
B. How can cultural differences impact the approach to solving climate change
Write a short essay reflecting on the following question: “What emotions did the article evoke in you, and how do these emotions influence your view on climate change ”
V. 词块积累及应用
1. 绘制思维导图：
中心词：climate change
分支 1：Feelings (e.g., there is little doubt, dramatic, alarming, warn)
分支 2：Actions (e.g., appear to, have to, need to)
分支 3：Reflections (e.g., lead to, it is our responsibility to, result in)
A. 情感描述相关表达
There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer.
用法：表示“几乎没有疑问”，强调对事实的确定性，传达出一种紧迫感和不容忽视的情感。
替换表达：There is no denying that Earth is becoming increasingly warmer.
A warming ocean and atmosphere along with melting ice and rising sea levels provide evidence of a dramatic change in the global climate.
用法：强调严重性和紧迫性，表达对现状的担忧
替换表达：The warming ocean and atmosphere, coupled with melting ice and rising sea levels, highlight a profound change in the global climate.
This alarming case showed how the increase in temperature had an impact on Earth’s ecology.
用法：表达内心担忧，强调事情的严重性
替换表达：This disturbing case demonstrated the impact of rising temperatures on Earth’s ecology.
Climate scientists have warned that if we do not take appropriate actions, this warming trend will probably continue.
用法：表达担忧和紧迫感
替换表达：Experts have urgently advised that failure to act will result in continued warming.
B. 行为描写相关表达
The bear appeared to have starved and died.
用法：描述对特定活动或事件的猜测
替换表达：The bear seemed to have died due to lack of food.
The bear had to travel greater distances in order to find food.
用法：描述行为的被迫性
替换表达：The girl sitting next to me kept asking questions.
Governments need to consider making policies and taking appropriate actions and measures.
用法：表达行动方向
替换表达：Governments must reflect on creating policies and taking proper measures.
C. 结果与反思相关表达
There is strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide, not only causing serious damage, but also costing human lives.
用法：描述事件的后果
替换表达：The increase in temperature has resulted in more frequent extreme weather events and natural disasters, bringing about significant destruction and loss of life.
It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming, along with its causes and impacts.
用法：表达呼吁和反思
替换表达：We have a duty to take every chance to raise awareness about global warming, its causes, and its effects.
Continued greenhouse gas emissions will result in further warming and long-lasting changes to the global climate.
用法：描述事件的后果
替换表达：Persistent greenhouse gas emissions will bring about further warming and lasting changes to the global climate.
2. 迁移应用：
A. 请用以下词汇和表达描述气候变化的现状：
词汇：alarming, dramatic, warn, undeniable, disturbing
句型：There is little/no doubt that...; ...provide evidence of...; Experts warn that...
示例句：
There is no doubt that climate change is real.
Rising temperatures provide evidence of a dramatic shift.
B. 模拟对话：讨论气候变化的影响及应对措施
句型支持：
It’s alarming. We have to reduce our carbon footprint
We need to use public transport more.
C. 写一篇短文，描述气候变化的影响及应对措施，至少使用以下表达：
词汇：alarming, urgent, responsible, consequences
句型：There is no denying that...; It is our responsibility to...; Persistent... will lead to...
示例写作框架：
开头：There is no denying that climate change is alarming. Rising temperatures and extreme weather highlight the urgent need for action. （情感词汇）
中间：We need to take decisive steps. Governments must promote renewable energy, while individuals can reduce energy use and support sustainable practices. （行为词汇）
结尾：Persistent inaction will lead to severe consequences. It is our responsibility to act now to protect our planet. （结果与反思表达）
