Unit4 History and Traditions核心词汇记忆与检测

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
高中英语必修2——核心词汇语境记忆
Unit4 History and Traditions
1. Studying history helps us understand how past events shape our present.
(重点词汇原形：history 历史)
(学习历史帮助我们理解过去的事件如何塑造我们的现在。)
2. Every country has its own unique culture and traditions passed down through generations.
(重点词汇原形：culture 文化； tradition 传统； generation 代)
(每个国家都有其独特的文化和代代相传的传统。)
3. The ancient civilization built magnificent pyramids that still stand today.
(重点词汇原形：ancient 古代的； pyramid 金字塔)
(这个古代文明建造了至今仍屹立不倒的宏伟金字塔。)
4. The fall of the Roman Empire was a pivotal moment in European history.
(重点词汇原形：Roman 罗马的； empire 帝国； history 历史)
(罗马帝国的灭亡是欧洲历史上的一个关键时刻。)
5. The dynasty ruled for nearly three centuries, leaving a rich cultural legacy.
(重点词汇原形：dynasty 王朝； legacy 遗产)
(这个王朝统治了近三个世纪，留下了丰富的文化遗产。)
6. Many national festivals have their origins in ancient agricultural customs.
(重点词汇原形：festival 节日； origin 起源； ancient 古代的； custom 习俗)
(许多国家节日起源于古代的农业习俗。)
7. The historical site attracts tourists who want to learn about the region’s past.
(重点词汇原形：historical 历史的； site 遗址)
(这个历史遗址吸引了想了解该地区过去的游客。)
8. Archaeologists discovered valuable artifacts from the Bronze Age.
(重点词汇原形：archaeologist 考古学家； artifact 文物； Bronze Age 青铜时代)
(考古学家发现了来自青铜时代的珍贵文物。)
9. Traditional clothing often reflects the values and aesthetics of a culture.
(重点词汇原形：traditional 传统的； value 价值观； aesthetic 审美； culture 文化)
(传统服装常常反映一个文化的价值观和审美。)
10. The monument was built to commemorate the soldiers who died in the war.
(重点词汇原形：monument 纪念碑； commemorate 纪念)
(这座纪念碑是为纪念在战争中牺牲的士兵而建的。)
11. The revolution changed the country's political system and social structure.
(重点词汇原形：revolution 革命； system 制度； structure 结构)
(这场革命改变了国家的政治制度和社会结构。)
12. Folktales and myths are an important part of our oral tradition.
(重点词汇原形：folktale 民间故事； myth 神话； oral tradition 口述传统)
(民间故事和神话是我们口述传统的重要组成部分。)
13. Centuries of trade along the Silk Road led to significant cultural exchange.
(重点词汇原形：century 世纪； exchange 交流)
(丝绸之路长达数个世纪的贸易促成了重要的文化交流。)
14. The ruins of the ancient city provide evidence of advanced urban planning.
(重点词汇原形：ruin 废墟； ancient 古代的； evidence 证据)
(这座古城的废墟提供了先进城市规划的证据。)
15. We must preserve our historical heritage for future generations.
(重点词汇原形：preserve 保护； historical 历史的； heritage 遗产； generation 代)
(我们必须为子孙后代保护我们的历史遗产。)
16. The ceremony follows rituals that have remained unchanged for hundreds of years.
(重点词汇原形：ceremony 仪式； ritual 仪式/惯例； unchanged 未改变的)
(这个仪式遵循着数百年来未曾改变的流程。)
17. His ancestors immigrated to this country during the gold rush era.
(重点词汇原形：ancestor 祖先； era 时代)
(他的祖先在淘金热时代移民到这个国家。)
18. The invasion by foreign forces was a tragic chapter in the nation's history.
(重点词汇原形：invasion 入侵； tragic 悲惨的； history 历史)
(外国势力的入侵是该国历史上悲惨的一章。)
19. Medieval castles were built for both defense and as symbols of power.
(重点词汇原形：medieval 中世纪的； castle 城堡； defense 防御)
(中世纪城堡的建造既是为了防御，也是权力的象征。)
20. The philosophy of Confucius has deeply influenced East Asian cultures.
(重点词汇原形：philosophy 哲学； Confucius 孔子； culture 文化)
(孔子的哲学深深影响了东亚文化。)
21. The exploration of the New World began in the Age of Discovery.
(重点词汇原形：exploration 探索； Age of Discovery 大航海时代)
(对新世界的探索始于大航海时代。)
22. This traditional craft is facing extinction due to a lack of young apprentices.
(重点词汇原形：traditional 传统的； extinction 消亡； apprentice 学徒)
(由于缺乏年轻学徒，这项传统手艺正面临消亡。)
23. The historical document provides a firsthand account of the battle.
(重点词汇原形：historical 历史的； document 文件； account 叙述)
(这份历史文献提供了关于那场战役的第一手叙述。)
24. The empire's decline was caused by both internal conflict and external pressure.
(重点词汇原形：empire 帝国； decline 衰落； conflict 冲突)
(帝国的衰落是由内部冲突和外部压力共同造成的。)
25. The custom of giving red envelopes during Lunar New Year symbolizes good luck.
(重点词汇原形：custom 习俗)
(农历新年给红包的习俗象征着好运。)
26. Historians analyze primary sources to reconstruct past events accurately.
(重点词汇原形：historian 历史学家； primary source 一手资料； reconstruct 重建)
(历史学家分析一手资料以准确重建过去的事件。)
27. The architecture of the palace blends eastern and western styles.
(重点词汇原形：architecture 建筑； palace 宫殿； eastern 东方的； western 西方的)
(这座宫殿的建筑融合了东西方的风格。)
28. The tradition of storytelling keeps the community's history and values alive.
(重点词汇原形：tradition 传统； storytelling 讲故事； history 历史； value 价值观)
(讲故事的传统使社区的历史和价值观保持活力。)
29. A civilization is often judged by its cultural achievements and technological advances.
(重点词汇原形：civilization 文明； achievement 成就； technological 技术的)
(一个文明常常通过其文化成就和技术进步来衡量。)
30. Many English words have Latin or Greek origins, reflecting historical influences.
(重点词汇原形：origin 起源； historical 历史的)
(许多英语单词源于拉丁语或希腊语，反映了历史影响。)
31. The treaty signed after the war established a new border between the two nations.
(重点词汇原形：treaty 条约； border 边界)
(战后签订的条约确立了两国间的新边界。)
32. Mythology is full of gods, goddesses, and heroes that explain natural phenomena.
(重点词汇原形：mythology 神话； god 神； goddess 女神； hero 英雄； phenomenon 现象)
(神话充满了用以解释自然现象的神、女神和英雄。)
33. The Industrial Revolution marked a major turning point in world history.
(重点词汇原形：Industrial Revolution 工业革命； turning point 转折点； history 历史)
(工业革命标志着世界历史的一个重大转折点。)
34. Ancestral worship is a common practice in many cultures around the world.
(重点词汇原形：ancestral worship 祖先崇拜； common 常见的； practice 做法； culture 文化)
(祖先崇拜是世界许多文化中常见的做法。)
35. The declaration of independence is a key document in the nation's founding history.
(重点词汇原形：declaration 宣言； document 文件； history 历史)
(独立宣言是该国建国历史中的一份关键文件。)
36. The excavation of the tomb revealed treasures and inscriptions from a lost dynasty.
(重点词汇原形：excavation 挖掘； tomb 坟墓； treasure 珍宝； inscription 铭文； dynasty 王朝)
(这座坟墓的挖掘揭示了一个失落王朝的珍宝和铭文。)
37. The tradition has evolved over time to suit modern circumstances.
(重点词汇原形：tradition 传统； evolve 演变； circumstance 环境/情况)
(这一传统随着时间的推移已经演变，以适应现代环境。)
38. Historical figures like emperors and generals often shape the course of events.
(重点词汇原形：historical 历史的； figure 人物； emperor 皇帝； general 将军)
(像皇帝和将军这样的历史人物常常决定事件的进程。)
39. The cultural revival movement aims to bring back forgotten arts and traditions.
(重点词汇原形：cultural revival 文化复兴； forgotten 被遗忘的； tradition 传统)
(这场文化复兴运动旨在恢复被遗忘的艺术和传统。)
40. Understanding our history and traditions gives us a sense of identity and belonging.
(重点词汇原形：history 历史； tradition 传统； identity 身份认同； belonging 归属感)
(理解我们的历史和传统赋予我们身份认同感和归属感。)
高中英语必修2 Unit4 History and Traditions 高考题型综合训练
姓名：________ 班级：________ 得分：________
第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分25分）
第一节（共4小题；每小题2.5分，满分10分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
What is the value of studying history Beyond dates and events, history offers a mirror to understand ourselves and our present. By examining the rise and fall of ancient civilizations, like the Roman Empire or the Ming Dynasty, we see patterns of human behavior—ambition, innovation, conflict, and decline. These patterns often repeat, offering valuable lessons for today's global challenges.
Traditions and cultural heritage are the living threads connecting us to that past. A traditional festival, a piece of ancient architecture, or a folktale passed down through generations is not merely a relic. They are expressions of shared values, aesthetics, and identity. Preserving this heritage is not about living in the past; it is about carrying forward a unique cultural DNA that enriches our present and informs our future.
In a rapidly modernizing world, this legacy faces threats from urban development, globalization, and indifference. The excavation of a historical site might reveal artifacts, but the true challenge is to keep the culture alive. This requires more than archaeologists; it needs communities to value their ancestors’ wisdom and adapt their traditions meaningfully for new generations. Understanding history and traditions, therefore, is an act of both preservation and creation.
1. What is the main purpose of studying history according to the first paragraph
A. To memorize the exact dates of all major wars.
B. To identify repeating patterns in human societies for present-day insights.
C. To prove the superiority of one civilization over another.
D. To collect interesting stories about ancient emperors.
2. How does the author view cultural heritage
A. As useless relics that hinder modernization.
B. As static museum pieces with no current relevance.
C. As living connections to the past that enrich our present identity.
D. As the sole responsibility of professional historians.
3. What is presented as the greatest threat to cultural legacy in the modern world
A. A lack of archaeological techniques.
B. Natural disasters like earthquakes and floods.
C. Rapid modernization, globalization, and public indifference.
D. Too many tourists visiting historical sites.
4. What does the author suggest is needed to keep traditions alive
A. Strictly freezing them in their original form without any change.
B. Communities valuing and thoughtfully adapting them.
C. Leaving the work entirely to international organizations.
D. Focusing only on preserving physical buildings and artifacts.
第二节（共3小题；每小题2.5分，满分7.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Walking through the ruins of an ancient city can be a powerful experience. 5. ____ We see the remains of temples, palaces, and streets, and we try to imagine the daily lives of the people who once lived there. This connection across centuries is the magic of historical sites. Archaeologists play a key role in this. Through careful excavation, they uncover artifacts—pottery, tools, and inscriptions. 6. ____
However, preservation is a constant battle. 7. ____ Climate change, pollution, and even the feet of countless tourists can cause gradual damage. Therefore, visiting such sites is a privilege that comes with responsibility. We must follow all guidelines, respect barriers, and avoid touching fragile structures. By doing so, we help ensure that these irreplaceable windows into our shared human history remain open for future generations.
A. These objects are primary sources that help historians reconstruct the past.
B. Museums are better places to keep all artifacts safe from any harm.
C. It is a direct link to a civilization that may have vanished long ago.
D. Ancient monuments were often built to commemorate military victories.
E. It allows us to witness the architectural genius of our ancestors.
F. The goal is not just to dig things up, but to interpret and protect them.
G. They are surprisingly fragile, despite having survived for hundreds or thousands of years.
第二部分：完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The Silk Road was not a single road, but a vast network of trade routes that connected the East and West for centuries. It was a channel for the exchange of far more than silk and spices; it facilitated the flow of ideas, religions, technologies, and artistic traditions.
This historical interaction left a profound legacy. Buddhism traveled from India to China and beyond. The technology of papermaking moved westward, revolutionizing communication in Europe. 1 , astronomical knowledge and musical instruments were shared. The cultures along the route did not merely 2 goods; they absorbed and adapted foreign influences, creating new, 3 forms of cultural expression.
The decline of the overland Silk Road around the 15th century was due to factors like the rise of sea trade and political 4 . However, its impact is enduring. It reminds us that human civilization has grown through 5 and connection, not isolation. The ancient Silk Road 6 the concept of globalization long before the modern term existed.
Today, the spirit of the Silk Road is being revived in new initiatives that promote 7 cooperation and cultural dialogue. 8 its history teaches us 9 lessons about mutual benefit and the 10 of open exchange. It shows that our shared human heritage is a tapestry woven from countless 11 threads.
In our interconnected world, the story of the Silk Road remains deeply 12 . It encourages us to look beyond 13 , to appreciate the richness that comes from diversity, and to build bridges of understanding. 14 , it stands as a powerful monument not to a single empire, but to the collective achievement of humanity in its endless quest for 15 and connection.
1. A. For example B. In contrast C. Similarly D. Therefore
2. A. produce B. transport C. invent D. consume
3. A. pure B. hybrid C. lost D. simple
4. A. unity B. conflict C. reform D. stability
5. A. competition B. exchange C. secrecy D. imitation
6. A. predicted B. questioned C. complicated D. embodied
7. A. economic B. military C. athletic D. personal
8. A. Ignoring B. Studying C. Rewriting D. Forgetting
9. A. easy B. valuable C. bitter D. final
10. A. cost B. danger C. power D. theory
11. A. broken B. colorful C. single D. invisible
12. A. boring B. irrelevant C. familiar D. controversial
13. A. borders B. profits C. differences D. mysteries
14. A. However B. Meanwhile C. Finally D. Consequently
15. A. knowledge B. isolation C. victory D. independence
第三部分：语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Traditions are the living bridge between a culture's past and present. They can be grand, like a national festival 16 (date) back centuries, or simple, like a family recipe passed down through generations. These practices carry the values, beliefs, and collective memory of a people.
The challenge in the modern world is 17 (keep) traditions relevant. Blindly clinging to every old custom may not be practical. 18 , allowing them to vanish means losing a part of our cultural identity. The key is adaptation. For example, a traditional craft might find new 19 (consume) through online markets. A historical site might host contemporary art exhibitions alongside tours.
This process requires 20 (understand) the core meaning behind the tradition. 21 (change) its form to suit new circumstances does not have to destroy its essence. 22 (Scholar) and community elders play a vital role in this interpretation. Ultimately, preserving tradition is not about worshipping ashes, but about 23 (keep) the flame alive. It is a dynamic act of 24 (create) that honors our ancestors while speaking to our 25 (children).
第四部分：书面表达（满分15分）
假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Chris对“口述历史”很感兴趣，来信询问你家中是否有什么代代相传的传统或故事。请你给他回一封邮件，介绍一项你的家庭传统（如过节方式、饮食习惯、家风故事等），并说明它的意义。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 请在文中有意识地使用以下5个本单元核心词汇（不必加粗，但需使用得当）：tradition, generation, ancestor, value, preserve。
【参考答案与解析】
第一部分：阅读理解
第一节：
1. B (根据第一段“we see patterns of human behavior... offering valuable lessons for today's”可知，主要目的是识别模式以获得当下启示。)
2. C (根据第二段“They are expressions of shared values... that enriches our present”可知，作者将其视为连接过去、丰富当下身份的活纽带。)
3. C (根据第三段“this legacy faces threats from urban development, globalization, and indifference”可知，主要威胁是现代化、全球化和漠视。)
4. B (根据第三段“it needs communities to value their ancestors' wisdom and adapt their traditions meaningfully”可知，需要社区珍视并创造性转化。)
第二节：
5. C (该空后句描述遗址及引发的联想，C项“它是与早已消失文明的直接联系”能很好引领后文，且“link”与后文“connection”呼应。)
6. A (前句讲考古学家挖掘出器物，A项“这些物品是帮助历史学家重建过去的一手资料”直接说明其作用，逻辑紧密。)
7. G (后句用However转折，并列举具体破坏因素，G项“它们异常脆弱”能与后文的“damage”形成因果关系，是常见的“论点+例证”结构。)
干扰项分析：B项（博物馆更好）与段落肯定实地遗址价值的基调不符；D项（纪念军事胜利）是具体细节，非段落核心论述；E项（见证建筑天才）与后文转折关系不紧密；F项（目的是解读和保护）与下文“保护是持续战斗”的衔接不如G项直接。
第二部分：完形填空
1. C 2. B 3. B 4. D 5. B
6. D 7. A 8. B 9. B 10. C
11. B 12. B 13. A 14. C 15. A
解析：
1. C. Similarly 同样地。此处是在列举另一项交流的内容（天文、音乐），是并列关系。
2. B. transport 运输。丝绸之路上的文化不仅“运输”货物，还吸收外来影响。
3. B. hybrid 混合的。吸收和适应外来影响后，会产生新的、“混合的”文化形式。
4. D. stability 稳定。与“海上贸易兴起”并列的导致陆路衰落的原因，政治“不稳定”符合逻辑。
5. B. exchange 交流。与后文“connection, not isolation”对应，人类文明通过“交流”发展。
6. D. embodied 体现。古老的丝绸之路“体现”了全球化的概念。
7. A. economic 经济的。现代复兴丝路精神的相关倡议，首要通常是促进“经济”合作。
8. B. Studying 研究。与后文“teaches us lessons”对应，“研究”历史能给我们教训。
9. B. valuable 宝贵的。从历史中能学到“宝贵的”教训。
10. C. power 力量。此处指开放交流的“力量”或“威力”。
11. B. colorful 多彩的。将共同遗产比作由无数“多彩的”丝线织成的挂毯，形象贴切。
12. B. irrelevant 不相关的。根据后文“鼓励我们...”可知其意义并未过时，故此处应为否定含义，说明其并非“不相关的”。
13. A. borders 边界。与后文“build bridges”对应，鼓励我们超越“边界”去看待问题。
14. C. Finally 最后。用于总结性陈述，“最终/最后”它作为一个丰碑矗立。
15. A. knowledge 知识。与“connection”并列，作为人类无尽追求的目标，“知识”最符合丝绸之路精神的内涵。
第三部分：语法填空
16. dating (现在分词作后置定语，表示“可追溯到…”。)
17. keeping (介词in后接动名词。)
18. However (表示转折，与前句“盲目坚持”形成对比。)
19. consumers (名词复数，指新的“消费者”群体。)
20. understanding (动名词作主语。)
21. Changing (动名词作主语。)
22. Scholars (名词复数作主语。)
23. keeping (介词about后接动名词。)
24. creation (名词，作介词of的宾语。)
25. children (名词复数，与our ancestors形成时间上的对应。)
参考范文：
Hello, international friends!
Welcome to our Cultural Heritage Week. We are excited to introduce you to a precious tradition from our city: Shadow Puppetry. This ancient performing art, recognized as intangible cultural heritage, uses handcrafted puppets to tell stories from Chinese legends and history.
This art is more than just a show. It carries the wisdom and creativity passed down through generations. To help preserve this unique art form, we invite you to a hands-on workshop where you can try the basic skill of manipulating the puppets and even create a simple one yourself!
Event: Shadow Puppetry Workshop
Time: 2:00–4:00 PM, Friday, May 26
Place: School Auditorium
Come and experience the magic of this living tradition. Let’s keep the story alive together!
Warmly,
Li Hua
On behalf of the School Cultural Heritage Committee
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)