第1讲 命题突破——细节理解题
【练真题】
[文章大意] 本文是一篇应用文,主要介绍了英国值得一游的四个集市城镇及其特色和亮点。
1.C 细节理解题。根据Hereford, Herefordshire部分中“The Hereford Cathedral is the most impressive building in town. It’s also home to an ancient library. One of the four original copies of the Magna Carta is displayed there.”可知,在赫里福德大教堂可以找到《大宪章》的原始副本。故选C项。
2.B 细节理解题。根据Shrewsbury, Shropshire部分中“The River Severn has a significant turn through town, almost making an island of Shrewsbury Town Centre. The shape creates a perfect market where goods could be shipped and received using the river as a highway.”可知,什鲁斯伯里镇中心几乎被水包围。故选B项。
3.A 细节理解题。根据Mevagissey, Cornwall部分中“Don’t leave the harbor without a traditional Cornish pie. It’s delicious.”可知,作者建议游客在梅瓦吉西一定要尝尝康沃尔馅饼。故选A项。
【真题典例】
A
[文章大意] 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了2018年不同交通方式的温室气体排放占比,以及飞机、汽车等各类交通工具的未来绿色燃料路径。
1.C 细节理解题。根据图表信息ROAD VEHICLES部分中“ROAD (PASSENGER) 45.1%”[道路(客运)45.1%]以及“ROAD (GOODS) 29.4%”[道路(货运)29.4%]可知,道路车辆总占比为(45.1%+29.4%=)74.5%,即道路车辆在2018年全球交通领域温室气体的排放中占比74.5%。故选C项。
2.C 细节理解题。根据图表信息TRAINS—Electricity部分中“Some trains are already electrified through rails or wires; others can be made electric in pretty simple ways.”(一些列车已经通过轨道或电线实现了电气化;其他火车可以通过非常简单的方式实现电动化。)可知,火车相较选项中其他三种交通方式更易实现绿色化。故选C项。
3.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“‘We need to speed up the development of green energy, and it will all get used,’ says Wipke.”(Wipke说:“我们需要加速绿色能源的开发,而且这些能源都会被利用起来。”)可知,Wipke建议加大对绿色能源的投入,即加大对可再生能源的投入。故选B项。
B
[文章大意] 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了旧金山湾区捷运系统(BART)推出了自助服务亭,提供短篇故事打印服务,旨在满足乘客的阅读需求,提升出行体验。Trost认为此举措能吸引更多乘客,对BART的未来持乐观态度,预期乘客量将会增长。
4.C 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Yes, we all have our phones, but many of us still like to go old school and read something printed.”可知,我们大多数人还是喜欢阅读纸质材料,所以BART启动自助服务亭是为了满足乘客在乘车过程中的阅读需求。故选C。
5.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中“…you can get a one-minute, a three-minute, or a five-minute story…”和“You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.”可知,自助服务亭中的故事是根据长度来分类的。故选B。
6.A 细节理解题。根据第五段中“‘We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest,’ Trost says. ‘And as of right now, we’ve received about 120 submissions. The winning stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a published artist.’”可知,Trost最近在组织一个故事竞赛,向湾区的艺术家征集故事,获胜作品将被放入自助服务亭供乘客打印阅读。故选A。
7.D 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“‘…So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short stories,’ she says.”可知,Trost认为BART通过短篇故事可以吸引更多的乘客,即客流量将会增加。故选D。
【重点词句回顾】
长难句分析:时间状语从句;定语从句
【模拟演练】
A
[文章大意] 本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了美国佛罗里达州大柏树国家保护区招募本地志愿者的信息,包含保护区描述、申请资质和工作职责等。
1.B 细节理解题。根据DESCRIPTION部分中“Visitors from all over the world travel to Big Cypress National Preserve to see if they can catch a glimpse of Florida panthers (黑豹) at risk of extinction and watch alligators (钝吻鳄) in the wild.”可知,游客来到保护区可以看到一种濒危动物。故选B项。
2.D 细节理解题。根据标题和QUALIFICATIONS部分中第二段“We would just love to have people from the local communities helping to preserve and protect the natural lands that are in their backyards!”可知,该项目招聘的是本地志愿者,外国游客即使语言能力强也不符合条件。故选D项。
3.D 细节理解题。根据QUALIFICATIONS部分中第二段“You can help one day a week or one day a month. We want to work with your schedule.”可知,时间安排由志愿者自行决定。故选D项。
B
[文章大意] 本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了作者受到环境变化启发,创作了摄影作品来激发人们提高环保意识。
4.B 细节理解题。根据第一段“But a one-month camping trip to the Menindee Lakes along Darling-Baaka in Australia shifted my perspective:photography is more than taking photos.”以及第二段“Yet, the image of bushfires stayed with me, and I felt driven to do something. That was when the photo Blaze came into being.”可知,作者对摄影的新认识是它应该有深刻的含义,而不仅仅是拍照。故选B项。
5.A 细节理解题。根据第二段“As I became increasingly familiar with the place, I learned that human activities led to widespread deforestation and drought in the area, resulting in many dead trees. Driving across the region, I recalled that Sydney was blanketed by smoke for months on end as bushfires swept through the east coast.”可知,当地环境变化激发了作者创作《火焰》。故选A项。
6.D 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“I connected a few of the gas canisters (罐) generally used for barbecues to flexible gas lines called ‘slinkies’, which could be wired up the back of the tree, away from the tree and out of sight of the public. These produced an outline of flames (火焰) when I lit them, as if the tree were on fire. It was lit for 15 seconds while I got the shot, and firefighting equipment was prepared.”可知,D选项最能描述《火焰》照片。故选D项。
7.C 细节理解题。根据第二段“As I became increasingly familiar with the place, I learned that human activities led to widespread deforestation and drought in the area, resulting in many dead trees…Yet, the image of bushfires stayed with me, and I felt driven to do something. That was when the photo Blaze came into being.”和第三段“I spoke to the local authority, explaining that I hoped to create a ‘burning’ tree as a beacon (灯塔) to draw people’s attention to deforestation.”可知,《火焰》照片目的是提高公众意识。故选C项。
【重点词句回顾】
派生词:1.不平坦的 2.滥伐森林
长难句分析:时间状语从句;宾语从句命题透视
2024—2025年高考阅读理解试题分析表
年份 卷别 体裁 词数 主题
2025 全国一卷 说明文 196 交通运输领域的碳排放问题
记叙文 318 一位教师通过教学实践与学生共同成长的故事
议论文 330 城市交通规划与城市宜居性的矛盾
说明文 350 微塑料污染治理
全国二卷 应用文 285 英国值得一游的集市城镇
记叙文 377 大学儿童医院教师Kathy Ho为住院学生提供教学服务
说明文 289 室内植物产业的兴起及植物的益处
说明文 352 纽约餐厅通过菜单创新应对食物浪费问题
浙江1 月考 应用文 271 图书馆间的互借服务
夹叙夹议文 356 父母在孩子饮食中的角色
说明文 304 新型的园艺设计方法——矩阵式种植法
说明文 326 新技术在性别化和去性别化设计上的争议
2024 新课标 Ⅰ卷 应用文 212 生态栖息地修复团队招募志愿者
记叙文 324 兽医采用中西医结合的方法治疗动物
说明文 349 纸质阅读与数字阅读的效果对比研究
说明文 366 生物采样记录数据存在偏差
新课标 Ⅱ卷 应用文 291 卡洛秋季徒步节的步行方案
新闻报道 305 旧金山湾区捷运系统的短篇故事打印服务
说明文 282 巴比伦微型农场
说明文 335 关于AI by Design一书的书评
浙江1 月考 应用文 216 音乐剧《汤姆·索亚:河上历险记》
记叙文 349 电话亭被改造成“迷你社区图书馆”
说明文 334 防雹干预项目
说明文 338 棉花糖测试
命题 规律 1.选材特点: ①题材丰富: 选材围绕人与自然、人与社会、人与自我三大主题全面考查英语综合运用能力; ②体裁广泛: 文体以应用文、记叙文、说明文为主,偶尔会出现议论文; ③全面考查英语学科核心素养,时代性强,体现立德树人。 2.语篇特点: ①原汁原味: 所选语篇来自国外各大主流英文报刊和网站,语言地道; ②词汇量大: 词汇量丰富,对词汇的要求越来越高,含有大量的派生词、词形转化词、熟词生义词等; ③长难句多: 含有大量的长难句,句子结构复杂
第1讲 命题突破——细节理解题
高考英语中的细节理解题是阅读理解部分的核心题型之一,主要考查考生对文章具体信息的定位、理解和分析能力。这类题目要求考生从原文中直接或间接找到与问题相关的细节,并准确判断选项的正误。
[2025·全国二卷,A]
English market towns to visit in the UK
English market towns come in many shapes and sizes. Each has a personality shaped by the goods and services produced and traded for centuries. But each town has more to do than shop.
Hereford, Herefordshire
Hereford has remained a lively market town since 1189. Skirting the town square, you’ll find lovely shops, eateries, and the Black and White House Museum. The Hereford Cathedral is the most impressive building in town. It’s also home to an ancient library. One of the four original copies of the Magna Carta is displayed there.
Ludlow, Shropshire
Ludlow is known as the Foodie Centre of England. Butcher shops, greengrocers, bakeries, and cheese shops line the town square. Bordering the square, the Ludlow Castle is a “must explore” medieval stronghold. The three-day Ludlow Food Festival is held each September.
Shrewsbury, Shropshire
Getting to Shrewsbury Town Centre from London is challenging but worth the anxiety. The River Severn has a significant turn through town, almost making an island of Shrewsbury Town Centre. The shape creates a perfect market where goods could be shipped and received using the river as a highway. Flowers are everywhere—hanging baskets, window boxes, and planters—just what you imagine in an attractive English market town.
Mevagissey, Cornwall
Even if you haven’t been to the small fishing village Mevagissey, you’ve probably seen it in a movie or British TV show. The working harbor(港口) took shape in 1774. Fishermen go out to sea daily and sell their fish in harbor-side markets. Don’t leave the harbor without a traditional Cornish pie. It’s delicious.
( )1.Where can you find an original copy of the Magna Carta
A.In the Ludlow Castle.
B.In the Foodie Centre of England.
C.In the Hereford Cathedral.
D.In the Black and White House Museum.
( )2.What is a feature of Shrewsbury Town Centre
A.It’s situated near a big island.
B.It’s almost surrounded by water.
C.It’s known for its flower festival.
D.It’s easily accessible from London.
( )3.What does the author suggest visitors do in Mevagissey
A.Try the Cornish pie.
B.Watch a British TV show.
C.Go fishing in the sea.
D.Take pictures of the harbor.
一、细节理解题命题核心逻辑(定位→匹配→筛选)
题干定位 提取题干中的专有名词、数字、核心名词等定位词,锁定原文段落
1 题定位词:“original copy of the Magna Carta”→锁定 “Hereford, Herefordshire” 部分 2 题定位词:“Shrewsbury Town Centre”→锁定 “Shrewsbury, Shropshire” 部分 3 题定位词:“Mevagissey”→锁定 “Mevagissey, Cornwall” 部分
原文匹配 定位段落中寻找与题干信息完全对应的句子,关注同义替换或原词复现
1 题:原文 “The Hereford Cathedral…One of the four original copies of the Magna Carta is displayed there.”→直接对应选项 C 2 题:原文 “The River Severn…almost making an island of Shrewsbury Town Centre.”→对应选项B“几乎被水包围” 3 题:原文 “Don’t leave…without a traditional Cornish pie.”→对应选项 A
选项设置 1 题干扰项 A(Ludlow Castle)、B(Foodie Centre of England)、D(Black and White House Museum)均非原文提及的《大宪章》存放处 2 题干扰项 A(near a big island)偷换原文概念“almost making an island”;C(flower festival)在原文中未提及;D(easily accessible)与原文 “challenging”相反 3 题干扰项 B(watch a British TV show)、C(go fishing)、D(take pictures)均为原文未提及的建议
二、细节理解题命题特点
定位明确性 特点:题干通常包含唯一指向性信息(如地名、专有名词),可快速锁定原文段落,无需跨段查找。如: 3道题均通过 “小镇名称” 或 “核心事物名称”直接定位到对应段落(如 “Mevagissey”直接对应最后一段),定位范围清晰
信息直接性 特点:正确答案多为原文信息的原词复现或同义改写,无需深层推理。如: 原词复现:第1题“Hereford Cathedral”与选项 C 完全一致; 同义改写:第2 题原文“almost making an island”(被河流环绕形成类似岛屿的形态)→选项 B“almost surrounded by water”(几乎被水包围)
干扰项迷惑性 特点:干扰项常利用原文中出现的相关词汇或场景,但改变关键信息,造成 “似是而非” 的误导。如: 第2 题原文提到 “Flowers are everywhere”,但干扰项 C “flower festival” 为无中生有(原文未提节日); 第3题原文提到 “seen it in a movie or British TV show”,但干扰项 B “watch a British TV show”将“场景出现在节目中”改为“观看节目”,偷换概念
直接信息理解题——题干定位法
[2025·全国二卷,B节选]
Still, in room 386, academics don’t come first. Physical health and mental health are the priority. “If you’re scared about something and thinking only about that, there’s no way you’re going to be able to learn,” Ho says. “I’m a coach, an adviser, and a comforter, and that’s what it means to be a hospital teacher.” (Para.3)
( )What is a characteristic of Ho’s job
A.Prioritizing academics.
B.Encouraging innovation.
C.Treating various diseases.
D.Playing multiple roles.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“I’m a coach, an adviser, and a comforter, and that’s what it means to be a hospital teacher.”可知,Ho工作的一个特点是扮演多种角色。故选D项。
间接信息理解题——语义转换法
[2025·全国一卷,D节选]
Crucially, this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) to trap the plastics. In the study, boiling hard water containing 300 milligrams of calcium carbonate led to an almost 90 percent drop in plastics. But in samples with less than 60 milligrams of calcium carbonate, boiling reduced the level of plastics by just 25 percent. (Para.3)
( )What determines the effectiveness of trapping microplastics in water
A.The hardness of water.
B.The length of cooling time.
C.The frequency of filtering.
D.The type of plastic in water.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据“Crucially, this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) to trap the plastics…But in samples with less than 60 milligrams of calcium carbonate, boiling reduced the level of plastics by just 25 percent.”可知,决定在水中截留微塑料的有效性的是水的硬度。“碳酸钙含量”与“硬水”(含较多钙镁化合物)为科学概念等价转换。故选A项。
综合信息理解题——概括归纳法
[2024·全国甲卷,B节选]
Animals can express their needs using a lot of ways. For instance, almost all animals have distinct vocals (声音) that they rely on to either ask for help, scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter. But cats are special creatures who possess amazing vocalization skills. They are able to have entire conversations with humans using meows and you’re able to interpret it. If a pet cat is hungry, it will keep meowing to attract attention and find food. However, when a cat is looking for affection, they tend to produce stretched and soft meows. Meowing starts as soon as a baby cat is brought to life and uses it to get the mother’s attention and be fed.(Para.1)
( )What can be learned about cats’ meowing from the first paragraph
A.It’s a survival skill.
B.It’s taught by mother cats.
C.It’s hard to interpret.
D.It’s getting louder with age.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第一段“Animals can express their needs using a lot of ways. For instance, almost all animals have distinct vocals (声音) that they rely on to either ask for help, scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter.”可知,动物依靠声音来寻求帮助、吓跑危险的动物或寻找庇护;根据“Meowing starts as soon as a baby cat is brought to life and uses it to get the mother’s attention and be fed.”可知,猫宝宝一出生就开始喵喵叫是为了引起猫妈妈的注意并得到食物。综合以上细节可知,猫叫声是一种生存技能。故选A项。
数字计算题——整合计算法
[2025·浙江1月考,A节选]
Interlibrary Loan Fees
Library Type Loan Cost Article/ Chapter Cost
Non-Profit Libraries $15 $10
For-Profit Libraries $20 $12
International Libraries $25 $15
( )How much do you pay for two articles obtained from an international library
A.$15. B.$20.
C.$24. D.$30.
[解析] 数字计算题。根据表格可知,借阅国际图书馆的文章的费用为每篇15美元。因此,两篇文章的费用为:15美元×2=30美元。故D选项“$30.”是正确的。故选D项。
A [2025·全国一卷,A]
文体:说明文 主题:人与自然 词数:196
The greening of planes,
trains and automobiles
Moving goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of global CO2 emissions(排放). As the world races to decarbonize everything, it faces particular problems with transportation—which accounts for about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions. Here’s the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport.
The fuels for transport need to be not just green, cheap and powerful, but also lightweight and safe enough to be carried around. Each mode of transport has its specific fuel needs. Much is still to be settled, but here are some of the solutions to get us going green.
This energy transition(变革) is global, and the amount of renewable energy the world will need is “a little bit mind-blowing,” says mechanical engineer Keith Wipke at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. It’s estimated that the global demand for electricity could more than double by 2050. Fortunately, analyses suggest that renewables are up to the task. “We need to speed up the development of green energy, and it will all get used,” says Wipke.
( )1.What percentage of global transport emissions did road vehicles account for in 2018
A.11.6%. B.45.1%.
C.74.5%. D.86.1%.
( )2.Which mode of transport can go green comparatively easily
A.Planes. B.Trucks.
C.Trains. D.Ships.
( )3.What does Wipke suggest regarding energy transition
A.Limiting fuel consumption.
B.Putting more effort into renewables.
C.Improving energy efficiency.
D.Making electricity more affordable.
B [2024·新课标Ⅱ卷,B]
文体:新闻报道 主题:人与社会 词数:305
Do you ever get to the train station and realize you forgot to bring something to read Yes, we all have our phones, but many of us still like to go old school and read something printed.
Well, there’s a kiosk(小亭) for that. In the San Francisco Bay Area, at least.
“You enter the fare gates(检票口) and you’ll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute, a three-minute, or a five-minute story,” says Alicia Trost, the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit—known as BART. “You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.”
It’s that simple. Riders have printed nearly 20,000 short stories and poems since the programme was launched last March. Some are classic short stories, and some are new original works.
Trost also wants to introduce local writers to local riders. “We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest,” Trost says. “And as of right now, we’ve received about 120 submissions. The winning stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a published artist.”
Ridership on transit(交通) systems across the country has been down the past half century, so could short stories save transit
Trost thinks so.
“At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything they can to improve the rider experience. So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short stories,” she says.
And you’ll never be without something to read.
( )4.Why did BART start the kiosk programme
A.To promote the local culture.
B.To discourage phone use.
C.To meet passengers’ needs.
D.To reduce its running costs.
( )5.How are the stories categorized in the kiosk
A.By popularity.
B.By length.
C.By theme.
D.By language.
( )6.What has Trost been doing recently
A.Organizing a story contest.
B.Doing a survey of customers.
C.Choosing a print publisher.
D.Conducting interviews with artists.
( )7.What is Trost’s opinion about BART’s future
A.It will close down.
B.Its profits will decline.
C.It will expand nationwide.
D.Its ridership will increase.
A.派生词
1.decarbonize v.脱碳(前缀de-:去除,脱离) [carbon n.碳→carbonize v.(使)碳化]
2.renewable adj. 可再生的;可更新的
3.submission n.提交物
4.ridership n.客流量
B.合成词
1.energy-related adj.与能源相关的
2.lightweight adj.轻量的
3.mind-blowing adj.令人极为惊讶的
4.receipt-like adj.像收据一样的
C.熟词生义
1.breakdown (熟义) n.故障→(生义) n.细目列表,分类(A,Para.1)
2.submit (熟义) vi. 顺从→(生义) vt. 提交(B,Para.5)
D.长难句分析
As the world races to decarbonize everything, it faces particular problems with transportation—which accounts for about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions.(A,Para.1)
【分析】 这是一个复合句,由时间状语从句、主句和定语从句构成。as 引导 ,从句中to decarbonize everything是目的状语;破折号后为 , 修饰先行词transportation。
【译文】 当世界竞相为一切事物脱碳时,它在交通运输方面面临着特殊的问题——交通运输约占我们能源相关温室气体排放量的四分之一。
A [2025·江苏南通如皋高三三模]
文体:应用文 主题:人与社会 词数:306
National Park Service│Big Cypress National
Preserve, Florida
Local Volunteer Handyman/Odd Jobs
Good with your hands and have some free time As a local volunteer position, we are looking for someone who does not require an RV spot, or any other form of housing. If you have any questions, please contact Kathryn Finnerty at 239-695-1102.
DESCRIPTION
Visitors from all over the world travel to Big Cypress National Preserve to see if they can catch a glimpse of Florida panthers (黑豹) at risk of extinction and watch alligators (钝吻鳄) in the wild. They come to canoe (划独木舟) down the waterways, hike in the backcountry, go on off-road driving, seek stunning scenery, and stop at the visitor centres to learn more about how the cycles of water and fire maintain the balance of swamps, pinelands, prairies, and cypress domes across the Preserve’s 729,000 acres.
QUALIFICATIONS
All volunteers will have excellent teamwork skills. Volunteers in these roles hold an open line of communication with their supervisors and fellow volunteers and park staff. Successful volunteers can take direction as well as exercise good judgement observing preserve regulations. For these positions a driver’s licence is necessary. Volunteers will be required to stand or walk for extended periods of time. Bending and kneeling may also be required. Terrain (地形) may be uneven, rough, or slippery.
You can help one day a week or one day a month. We want to work with your schedule. We would just love to have people from the local communities helping to preserve and protect the natural lands that are in their backyards!
DUTIES
The volunteer will complete a variety of tasks, mainly within our headquarters building. They will assist our facilities and maintenance department and also help on larger projects as needed.
( )1.What can visitors do in Big Cypress National Preserve
A.Explore the highways.
B.Spot an endangered animal.
C.Take a highway vehicle ride.
D.Take long cross-country hikes.
( )2.Which of the following will result in disqualification
A.A local team leader with good judgement.
B.A Florida local with communication skills.
C.An energetic farmer with a driver’s licence.
D.A foreign visitor fluent in several languages.
( )3.What can we learn about a volunteer
A.He is prepared to deal with all projects.
B.His duties must be conducted outdoors.
C.He is supposed to complete tasks alone.
D.The schedule can be determined by him.
B [2025·山东济宁高三二模]
文体:记叙文 主题:人与自然 词数:320
During my early years, I focused on eye-catching landscape photography. I spent time in the Himalayas, Patagonia and Tasmania and returned with pictures of breathtaking beauty which I thought were “awesome”. But a one-month camping trip to the Menindee Lakes along Darling-Baaka in Australia shifted my perspective:photography is more than taking photos.
As I became increasingly familiar with the place, I learned that human activities led to widespread deforestation and drought in the area, resulting in many dead trees. Driving across the region, I recalled that Sydney was blanketed by smoke for months on end as bushfires swept through the east coast. Fortunately, the La Nia weather cycle reached Australia, increasing rainfall and causing the continent’s short-lived rivers to spring back to life. Yet, the image of bushfires stayed with me, and I felt driven to do something. That was when the photo Blaze came into being.
I spoke to the local authority, explaining that I hoped to create a “burning” tree as a beacon (灯塔) to draw people’s attention to deforestation. They showed great interest because fire is an integral part of the Australian farming and the natives.
I connected a few of the gas canisters (罐) generally used for barbecues to flexible gas lines called “slinkies”, which could be wired up the back of the tree, away from the tree and out of sight of the public. These produced an outline of flames (火焰) when I lit them, as if the tree were on fire. It was lit for 15 seconds while I got the shot, and firefighting equipment was prepared. Even though the tree was dead, it was still a vital habitat. But the gas flames did no damage and the insects that lived inside were unharmed.
I love that when people look at the photo, they can concretize the delicacy of our natural world while appreciating Blaze.
( )4.What is the author’s new perception of photography
A.It involves professional skills.
B.It should carry deep meanings.
C.It requires high-end equipment.
D.It should produce beautiful pictures.
( )5.What inspired the author to create Blaze
A.Local environmental changes.
B.Traditional Australian farming.
C.Scenery of the Menindee Lakes.
D.Support from the local authority.
( )6.Which of the following images best illustrates the photo Blaze
A. B.
C. D.
( )7.What is the photo Blaze intended to be
A.A means of enhancing artistic taste.
B.A strategy to beautify the landscape.
C.A call to raise public awareness.
D.A window to showcase local culture.
A.派生词
1.uneven adj. (even adj. 平坦的;平稳的)
2.deforestation n.
3.unharmed adj.未受伤害的
B.合成词
1.eye-catching adj.引人注目的
2.breathtaking adj.令人惊叹的
3.short-lived adj.短暂的
C.熟词生义
1.shift (熟义) v. 移动;换挡→(生义) v. 改变(B,Para.1)
2.blanket(熟义) n.毯子→(生义) v. 覆盖,笼罩(B,Para.2)
3.wire (熟义) n. 电线;金属丝→(生义) v.将……连接到(B,Para.4)
D.长难句分析
As I became increasingly familiar with the place, I learned that human activities led to widespread deforestation and drought in the area, resulting in many dead trees.(B,Para.2)
【分析】 这是一个复合句,包含主句、时间状语从句、宾语从句和现在分词短语作结果状语。as I became increasingly familiar with the place是 ,I learned…为主句的核心部分,that human activities led to widespread deforestation and drought in the area是 ,作learned的宾语,现在分词短语resulting in many dead trees作结果状语。
【译文】 随着我对这个地方越来越熟悉,我了解到人类活动导致该地区出现了大面积的森林砍伐和干旱,进而造成了许多树木死亡。训练(一) “细节理解题”重点练
A [2025·贵州遵义高三三模]
文体:应用文 主题:人与自然 词数:303
Exploring Norway
In western Norway, deep fjords (峡湾) cut through snow-capped mountains and remote valleys are only accessible by railways and roads. Cross some of the world’s most scenic railways and roadways to experience the country’s astonishing natural beauty from Oslo to Bergen.
OSLO
Explore Norway’s capital, situated at the head of a more than 60-mile-long fjord. Wander through Vigeland Park, filled with hundreds of life-sized human figures by native artist Gustav Vigeland. Enjoy lunch at a local restaurant and learn about the history of polar exploration at the Fram Museum.
GEIRANGER
Travel overland to Geiranger, winding through the mountains. Take the cable car 3,300 feet up Mount Hoven for astonishing views and choose a light hike before enjoying lunch at the mountaintop restaurant. On the way to the hotel, visit Geiranger Skywalk—a spectacular viewpoint perched nearly 5,000 feet above sea level.
FLAM
Catch a train to Myrdal, and then board the Flam Railway. Take an unforgettable ride along one of the steepest railroads in the world, descending a steep valley through 20 tunnels and past thundering waterfalls to the fjord village. Settle into your hotel and spend an afternoon at leisure.
BERGEN
Discover the city’s maritime history on a tour of Bryggen—the colourful old wharf (码头) and a listed UNESCO World Heritage Site. Afterwards, enjoy an optional excursion to Mount Floyen. Spend your final afternoon at leisure, and then gather for a festive farewell dinner at a restaurant serving traditional Norwegian dishes.
DATES & PRICES
Date Double occupancy Single occupancy
May 31—Jun. 10, 2026 Join Waitlist $12,395 per person $14,895 per person
Jul. 26—Aug. 5, 2026 Reserve Online $12,995 per person $15,125 per person
Aug. 23—Sept. 2, 2026 Reserve Online $12,495 per person $14,995 per person
( )1.In which place can you appreciate artworks
A.FLAM. B.BERGEN.
C.GEIRANGER. D.OSLO.
( )2.What can you do in both FLAM and BERGEN
A.Explore the maritime history.
B.Enjoy an unscheduled afternoon.
C.Have a traditional festive dinner.
D.Experience a memorable steep ride.
( )3.How much should a couple pay for reserving a trip on August 3, 2026
A.$12,995. B.$24,790.
C.$25,990. D.$30,250.
B [2025·浙江温州高三第二次适应性考试]
文体:说明文 主题:人与社会 词数:262
Drag and drop your files, or type, paste, and edit text here. Natural Reader is a professional text-to-speech program that changes any text, PDF, image, web page and physical book into natural-sounding audio (音频) featuring the newest and highest AI voice technology. We have both free and paid subscriptions to our applications to meet different users’ needs on different budgets.
Free users can use any available Free Voices unlimitedly, sample Premium Voices for 20 minutes per day, and Plus Voices for 5 minutes per day.
Our Plus subscription includes exclusive (专有的) features such as access to Plus and LLM (Large Language Model) Voices, which are our newest and most advanced voices. Using LLM technology, you can even clone your own voice in minutes and make it speak in over 100 languages. You can also listen on the go with our mobile app. By using your phone’s camera, you can scan physical books and notes and change them into speech. Offline listening is also supported, making it convenient for travel or other situations where Internet access is limited.
If you are interested in using our voices for non-personal purposes, such as YouTube videos, e-learning, or other commercial or public projects, please check out our Natural Reader AI Voice Generator web application for more information and licensing options.
Our Chrome extension allows you to listen to web pages, Google Docs, online Kindle books, and e-mails directly from your browser. The extension supports both free and subscription voices, depending on your plan.
( )4.What is the major function of Natural Reader
A.Create videos.
B.Write a speech.
C.Generate images.
D.Turn text into audio.
( )5.What is only available for paid subscription
A.Offline use of LLM.
B.Automatic text translation.
C.Efficient voice cloning.
D.Access to digitalized books.
( )6.What is the text
A.A subscription plan.
B.A program user guide.
C.A job advertisement.
D.A mobile app review.
C [2025·广东惠州高三一模]
文体:记叙文 主题:人与自然 词数:308
Chloe Dalton was taking a winter walk near her farmhouse when she encountered it: a tiny baby hare (野兔) lying curled (蜷缩) up and alone in the middle of a narrow country path.
Dalton knew nothing about hares. Yet when she found that the hare hadn’t moved for hours, she decided to take it home and try to save it—despite her fears that by interfering (干扰) she might hurt its ability to return to the wild.
Her journey, detailed in her memoir Raising Hare, became an unexpected experiment in coexistence. The book is part of a timely category: true stories about people who open a window into the natural world through intense observation of one wild animal or species, often in their own backyard.
It’s fascinating to learn along with Dalton as she looks for information about hares. She searches in books but finds little that’s helpful. She’s led to believe that the hare will remain distant; instead, it comes to feel comfortable, jumping around with her and curling up against her while it sleeps. Yet it also leaves for long stretches beyond her garden wall, returning on its own unpredictable timetable.
Dalton has to trust her instincts (直觉). Dalton treated it with respect, refusing to name it or treat it as a pet, and gave it full freedom in her home and garden.
She describes the hare’s evolving behaviour and body in painterly detail. She notes changes in herself, too, as she adapts to a slower, simpler life. She begins to pay more attention to her wider natural surroundings. She notices natural enemies, and watches the other hares beyond her wall.
Raising Hare is an appeal for people to be gentler with other creatures, to allow other creatures the freedom to live naturally.
( )7.What can be learned about Dalton from the first two paragraphs
A.She enjoyed outdoor activities.
B.She showed sympathy for the hare.
C.She was an expert in wildlife rescue.
D.She ensured the hare returned to the wild.
( )8.How did Dalton raise the hare
A.Figuring out its daily timetable.
B.Maintaining a certain distance from it.
C.Training it to obey different commands.
D.Allowing it complete access to her home.
( )9.What change did the experience bring to Dalton
A.Reduced fear of hares.
B.Increased interest in nature.
C.Adoption of more animals.
D.Adaptation to a healthy life.
( )10.What did the author want to convey by Raising Hare
A.The call for respect for nature.
B.The importance of wildlife observation.
C.The necessity of writing a memoir.
D.The challenges of raising wild animals.
D [2025·湖北襄阳高三三模]
文体:记叙文 主题:人与自然 词数:309
When I bought a house in Portland four years ago, I immediately began designing my dream garden, intending to remove the weeds and plant some vegetables or long-lasting flowers. I soon discovered, however, that the soil was unproductive, clay-heavy and littered with stones. In previous, much tinier gardens, I’d dealt with such difficulties with a few bags of high-quality soil from the nursery. Replacing this vastly greater quantity of dirt was neither practical nor financially possible. Instead, I decided to remediate(补救) what I already had.
The challenge before me was to revive the soil. Two core principles of modern agriculture can guide this shift—minimizing soil disturbance and emphasizing biodiversity. In practice, growing crops by turns, prioritizing organic inputs over chemical fertilizers, integrating crops and trees with livestock like cattle or sheep, and sheltering soil from being washed away with cover crops, often work.
I tried to apply such methods in my garden. Where once there was only grass, I made a pond, a rock garden, a wildflower field and raised beds for vegetables. I let plants grow and decompose by themselves in a natural way. I also introduced different plants and revived my garden’s ecological communities.
In May, I decided to relocate a flowering plant. As I dug the plant out, various forms of life emerged. Earthworms swung from the roots. A daddy longlegs hurried for shelter. Below the plant I even noticed the fine white fungal mycelium(真菌菌丝).
Running my fingers through the soil, I understood, more clearly than ever before, that I transformed much more than my yard—it completely changed the way I think about soil. It’s not simply as a medium for life, but as a living entity(个体)in its own right. Although science still lacks an agreed definition of life, textbooks highlight criteria widely considered to differentiate the living and nonliving. Soil meets many of them: It has a highly organized structure. It has a capacity for active self-preservation. It grows. It breathes. And it can die.
( )11.What was the original state of the soil in the author’s garden
A.Wet and salty.
B.Poor and stony.
C.Dry and sandy.
D.Acidic and weedy.
( )12.What was the focus of the author’s gardening methods
A.Restricting plant varieties.
B.Increasing soil intervention.
C.Creating a sustainable environment.
D.Employing chemical fertilizers.
( )13.Why does the author mention the replanting in May
A.To argue for the use of fertilizers.
B.To show the effect of soil restoration.
C.To highlight garden’s role as a habitat.
D.To demonstrate the transplanting process.
( )14.What can be a suitable title for the text
A.Discovering the living nature of soil
B.Exploring soil’s role in creating life
C.Understanding plants’ soil requirements
D.Overcoming urban gardening challenges训练(一)
A
[文章大意] 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了挪威的奥斯陆、盖朗厄尔、弗洛姆和卑尔根的旅行路线。
1.D 细节理解题。根据OSLO部分中“Wander through Vigeland Park, filled with hundreds of life-sized human figures by native artist Gustav Vigeland.”可知,该地拥有人物雕像等艺术作品。故选D项。
2.B 细节理解题。根据FLAM部分中“Settle into your hotel and spend an afternoon at leisure.”以及BERGEN部分中“Spend your final afternoon at leisure, and then gather for a festive farewell dinner at a restaurant serving traditional Norwegian dishes.”可知,两地旅游的共同之处是都有闲暇的、未被安排在日程表上的下午时光。故选B项。
3.C 细节理解题。根据该旅行信息的最后部分“DATES & PRICES”可知,在2026年7月26日到8月5日在线预订期间,双人的费用为每人12 995美元,故一对夫妇预订该趟旅行的价格为25 990美元。故选C项。
B
[文章大意] 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个名为Natural Reader的应用程序,包括其功能以及收费项目。
4.D 细节理解题。根据第一段“Natural Reader is a professional text-to-speech program that changes any text, PDF, image, web page and physical book into natural-sounding audio (音频) featuring the newest and highest AI voice technology.”(自然阅读器是一个专业的将文本转换为语音的程序,可以将任何文本、PDF、图像、网页和实体书籍转换为自然的音频,具有最新和最高的人工智能语音技术。)可知,自然阅读器的主要功能是将文本转换为音频。故选D。
5.C 细节理解题。根据第三段“Our Plus subscription includes exclusive (专有的) features such as access to Plus and LLM (Large Language Model) Voices, which are our newest and most advanced voices. Using LLM technology, you can even clone your own voice in minutes and make it speak in over 100 languages.”[我们的Plus订阅包括独家功能,例如访问Plus和LLM(大型语言模型)语音,这是我们最新和最先进的语音。使用LLM技术,您甚至可以在几分钟内克隆自己的声音,并使其说100多种语言。]可知,高效的语音克隆只适用于付费订阅。故选C。
6.B 推理判断题。根据第一段“Natural Reader is a professional text-to-speech program that changes any text, PDF, image, web page and physical book into natural-sounding audio (音频) featuring the newest and highest AI voice technology. We have both free and paid subscriptions to our applications to meet different users’ needs on different budgets.”以及文章主要介绍了一个名为Natural Reader的应用程序,包括其功能以及收费项目可知,文章是程序使用指南。故选B。
C
[文章大意] 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Chloe Dalton救助并养育一只小野兔的经历及感悟。
7.B 推理判断题。根据第一段“Chloe Dalton was taking a winter walk near her farmhouse when she encountered it: a tiny baby hare (野兔) lying curled (蜷缩) up and alone in the middle of a narrow country path.”以及第二段中“Yet when she found that the hare hadn’t moved for hours, she decided to take it home and try to save it—despite her fears that by interfering (干扰) she might hurt its ability to return to the wild.”可知,Dalton发现野兔长时间未动,决定将其带回家尝试救助,这体现了她对野兔的同情。故选B。
8.D 细节理解题。根据第五段“Dalton treated it with respect, refusing to name it or treat it as a pet, and gave it full freedom in her home and garden.”可知,Dalton给予野兔完全的自由,允许它自由进入她的家。故选D。
9.B 细节理解题。根据第六段“She begins to pay more attention to her wider natural surroundings.”可知,Dalton开始更加关注她周围更广阔的自然环境,这表明她的经历使她对自然的兴趣增加了。故选B。
10.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Raising Hare is an appeal for people to be gentler with other creatures, to allow other creatures the freedom to live naturally.”可知,作者通过《养育野兔》这本书呼吁尊重自然。故选A。
D
[文章大意] 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在波特兰购买房屋后,面对不肥沃的土壤进行花园改造的经历。
11.B 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“I soon discovered, however, that the soil was unproductive, clay-heavy and littered with stones.”可知,作者花园里的土壤原本贫瘠且布满石块。故选B。
12.C 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Two core principles of modern agriculture can guide this shift—minimizing soil disturbance and emphasizing biodiversity.”以及第三段“I tried to apply such methods in my garden. Where once there was only grass, I made a pond, a rock garden, a wildflower field and raised beds for vegetables. I let plants grow and decompose by themselves in a natural way. I also introduced different plants and revived my garden’s ecological communities.”可知,作者采用现代农业的核心原则(减少土壤干扰、强调生物多样性),通过引入多样植物、恢复生态群落等方式改善土壤。这些方法的核心是营造可持续的生态环境。故选C。
13.B 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“In May, I decided to relocate a flowering plant. As I dug the plant out, various forms of life emerged. Earthworms swung from the roots. A daddy longlegs hurried for shelter. Below the plant I even noticed the fine white fungal mycelium(真菌菌丝).”可知,作者在移栽植物时发现土壤中出现了蚯蚓、盲蛛、真菌菌丝等多种生物,旨在通过展示土壤中生机勃勃的生命迹象,证明土壤修复措施已产生效果。故选B。
14.A 主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知,全文围绕作者改良花园土壤的经历展开,核心在于通过实践(减少干扰、增加生物多样性)使土壤恢复生机,并在过程中领悟到土壤本身是有生命的个体。文中强调土壤的生命特征(如组织结构、自我保护、生长呼吸等),最后一段更直接升华主题:土壤不仅是生命载体,更是具有生命特质的存在。选项A“Discovering the living nature of soil”(发现土壤的生命本质)准确概括了作者从“改良土壤”到“认识土壤生命性”的转变,紧扣全文核心。故选A。(共91张PPT)
命题透视
2024—2025年高考阅读理解试题分析表
年份 卷别 体裁 词数 主题
2025 全国 一卷 说明文 196 交通运输领域的碳排放问题
记叙文 318 一位教师通过教学实践与学生共同成长的故事
议论文 330 城市交通规划与城市宜居性的
矛盾
说明文 350 微塑料污染治理
命题透视
2024—2025年高考阅读理解试题分析表
年份 卷别 体裁 词数 主题
2025 全国 二卷 应用文 285 英国值得一游的集市城镇
记叙文 377 大学儿童医院教师Kathy Ho
为住院学生提供教学服务
说明文 289 室内植物产业的兴起及植物的
益处
说明文 352 纽约餐厅通过菜单创新应对食物浪费问题
续表
命题透视
2024—2025年高考阅读理解试题分析表
年份 卷别 体裁 词数 主题
2025 浙江1 月考 应用文 271 图书馆间的互借服务
夹叙夹议文 356 父母在孩子饮食中的角色
说明文 304 新型的园艺设计方法——矩阵式种植法
说明文 326 新技术在性别化和去性别化设计上的争议
续表
命题透视
2024—2025年高考阅读理解试题分析表
年份 卷别 体裁 词数 主题
2024 新课标 Ⅰ卷 应用文 212 生态栖息地修复团队招募志愿者
记叙文 324 兽医采用中西医结合的方法治疗
动物
说明文 349 纸质阅读与数字阅读的效果对比
研究
说明文 366 生物采样记录数据存在偏差
续表
命题透视
2024—2025年高考阅读理解试题分析表
年份 卷别 体裁 词数 主题
2024 新课标 Ⅱ卷 应用文 291 卡洛秋季徒步节的步行方案
新闻报道 305 旧金山湾区捷运系统的短篇故事打印服务
说明文 282 巴比伦微型农场
说明文 335 关于AI by Design一书的书评
续表
命题透视
2024—2025年高考阅读理解试题分析表
年份 卷别 体裁 词数 主题
2024 浙江 1月考 应用文 216 音乐剧《汤姆·索亚:河上历险记》
记叙文 349 电话亭被改造成“迷你社区图
书馆”
说明文 334 防雹干预项目
说明文 338 棉花糖测试
续表
命题透视
2024—2025年高考阅读理解试题分析表
命题规律 1.选材特点：
①题材丰富: 选材围绕人与自然、人与社会、人与自我三大
主题全面考查英语综合运用能力;
②体裁广泛: 文体以应用文、记叙文、说明文为主,偶尔会出
现议论文;
③全面考查英语学科核心素养,时代性强,体现立德树人。
续表
命题透视
2024—2025年高考阅读理解试题分析表
命题规律 2.语篇特点：
①原汁原味: 所选语篇来自国外各大主流英文报刊和网站,语
言地道;
②词汇量大: 词汇量丰富,对词汇的要求越来越高,含有大量的
派生词、词形转化词、熟词生义词等;
③长难句多: 含有大量的长难句,句子结构复杂
续表
第1讲 命题突破——细节理解题
高考英语中的细节理解题是阅读理解部分的核心题型之一，主
要考查考生对文章具体信息的定位、理解和分析能力。这类题目要
求考生从原文中直接或间接找到与问题相关的细节，并准确判断选
项的正误。
[2025·全国二卷，A]
English market towns to visit in the UK
English market towns come in many shapes and sizes. Each
has a personality shaped by the goods and services produced
and traded for centuries. But each town has more to do than
shop.
Hereford, Herefordshire
Hereford has remained a lively market town since 1189.
Skirting the town square, you'll find lovely shops, eateries, and
the Black and White House Museum. The Hereford Cathedral is
the most impressive building in town. It's also home to an
ancient library. One of the four original copies of the Magna
Carta is displayed there.
Ludlow, Shropshire
Ludlow is known as the Foodie Centre of England. Butcher
shops, greengrocers, bakeries, and cheese shops line the town
square. Bordering the square, the Ludlow Castle is a “must
explore” medieval stronghold. The three-day Ludlow Food
Festival is held each September.
Shrewsbury, Shropshire
Getting to Shrewsbury Town Centre from London is
challenging but worth the anxiety. The River Severn has a
significant turn through town, almost making an island of
Shrewsbury Town Centre. The shape creates a perfect market
where goods could be shipped and received using the river as
a highway. Flowers are everywhere—hanging baskets, window
boxes, and planters—just what you imagine in an attractive
English market town.
Mevagissey, Cornwall
Even if you haven't been to the small fishing village
Mevagissey, you've probably seen it in a movie or British TV
show. The working harbor(港口) took shape in 1774. Fishermen
go out to sea daily and sell their fish in harbor-side markets.
Don't leave the harbor without a traditional Cornish pie. It's
delicious.
［文章大意］本文是一篇应用文,主要介绍了英国值得一游的四个集
市城镇及其特色和亮点。
( )1.Where can you find an original copy of the Magna
Carta
A.In the Ludlow Castle.
B.In the Foodie Centre of England.
C.In the Hereford Cathedral.
D.In the Black and White House Museum.
√
[解析] 细节理解题。根据Hereford, Herefordshire部分中“The
Hereford Cathedral is the most impressive building in town. It's
also home to an ancient library. One of the four original copies
of the Magna Carta is displayed there.”可知，在赫里福德大教堂
可以找到《大宪章》的原始副本。故选C项。
( )2.What is a feature of Shrewsbury Town Centre
A.It's situated near a big island.
B.It's almost surrounded by water.
C.It's known for its flower festival.
D.It's easily accessible from London.
√
[解析] 细节理解题。根据Shrewsbury, Shropshire部分中“The River
Severn has a significant turn through town, almost making an
island of Shrewsbury Town Centre. The shape creates a perfect
market where goods could be shipped and received using the
river as a highway.”可知，什鲁斯伯里镇中心几乎被水包围。故选B项。
( )3.What does the author suggest visitors do in
Mevagissey
A.Try the Cornish pie.
B.Watch a British TV show.
C.Go fishing in the sea.
D.Take pictures of the harbor.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据Mevagissey, Cornwall部分中“Don't leave
the harbor without a traditional Cornish pie. It's delicious.”可知，
作者建议游客在梅瓦吉西一定要尝尝康沃尔馅饼。故选A项。
√
一、细节理解题命题核心逻辑(定位→匹配→筛选)
题干 定位 提取题干中的专有名词、数字、核心名词等定位词，锁定原文
段落
1 题定位词：“original copy of the Magna Carta”→锁定
“Hereford, Herefordshire” 部分
2 题定位词：“Shrewsbury Town Centre”→锁定 “Shrewsbury,
Shropshire” 部分
3 题定位词：“Mevagissey”→锁定 “Mevagissey, Cornwall” 部分
原文 匹配 定位段落中寻找与题干信息完全对应的句子，关注同义替换或原
词复现
1 题：原文 “The Hereford Cathedral…One of the four original
copies of the Magna Carta is displayed there.”→直接对应选项C
2 题：原文 “The River Severn…almost making an island of
Shrewsbury Town Centre.”→对应选项B“几乎被水包围”
3 题：原文 “Don't leave…without a traditional Cornish pie.”→
对应选项A
续表
选项 设置 1 题干扰项 A(Ludlow Castle)、B(Foodie Centre of England)、
D(Black and White House Museum)均非原文提及的《大宪章》
存放处
2 题干扰项 A(near a big island)偷换原文概念“almost making
an island”；C(flower festival)在原文中未提及；D (easily accessible)与原文 “challenging”相反
3 题干扰项 B(watch a British TV show)、C(go fishing)、D
(take pictures)均为原文未提及的建议
续表
二、细节理解题命题特点
定位明 确性 特点：题干通常包含唯一指向性信息(如地名、专有名词)，可快
速锁定原文段落，无需跨段查找。如：
3道题均通过 “小镇名称” 或 “核心事物名称”直接定位到对应段
落(如 “Mevagissey”直接对应最后一段)，定位范围清晰
信息直 接性 特点：正确答案多为原文信息的原词复现或同义改写，无需深
层推理。如：
原词复现：第1题“Hereford Cathedral”与选项 C 完全一致；
同义改写：第2题原文“almost making an island”
(被河流环绕形成类似岛屿的形态)→选项 B“almost surrounded
by water”(几乎被水包围)
续表
干扰项 迷惑性 特点：干扰项常利用原文中出现的相关词汇或场景，但改变关
键信息，造成 “似是而非” 的误导。如：
第2题原文提到 “Flowers are everywhere”，但干扰项 C
“flower festival” 为无中生有(原文未提节日)；
第3题原文提到 “seen it in a movie or British TV show”，但
干扰项 B “watch a British TV show”将“场景出现在节目中”改
为“观看节目”，偷换概念
续表
直接信息理解题——题干定位法
[2025·全国二卷,B节选]
Still, in room 386, academics don't come first. Physical
health and mental health are the priority. “If you're scared about
something and thinking only about that, there's no way you're
going to be able to learn,” Ho says. “I'm a coach, an adviser,
and a comforter, and that's what it means to be a hospital
teacher.” (Para.3)
( )What is a characteristic of Ho's job
A.Prioritizing academics. B.Encouraging innovation.
C.Treating various diseases. D.Playing multiple roles.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“I'm a coach, an adviser,
and a comforter, and that's what it means to be a hospital
teacher.”可知,Ho工作的一个特点是扮演多种角色。故选D项。
√
间接信息理解题——语义转换法
[2025·全国一卷，D节选]
Crucially, this process relies on the water containing enough
calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) to trap the plastics. In the study,
boiling hard water containing 300 milligrams of calcium
carbonate led to an almost 90 percent drop in plastics. But in
samples with less than 60 milligrams of calcium carbonate,
boiling reduced the level of plastics by just 25 percent. (Para.3)
( )What determines the effectiveness of trapping microplastics in
water
A.The hardness of water.
B.The length of cooling time.
C.The frequency of filtering.
D.The type of plastic in water.
√
[解析] 细节理解题。根据“Crucially, this process relies on the
water containing enough calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) to trap the
plastics…But in samples with less than 60 milligrams of calcium
carbonate, boiling reduced the level of plastics by just 25
percent.”可知,决定在水中截留微塑料的有效性的是水的硬度。“碳酸
钙含量”与“硬水”(含较多钙镁化合物)为科学概念等价转换。故选A项。
综合信息理解题——概括归纳法
[2024·全国甲卷,B节选]
Animals can express their needs using a lot of ways. For
instance, almost all animals have distinct vocals (声音) that they
rely on to either ask for help, scare away any dangerous
animals or look for shelter. But cats are special creatures who
possess amazing vocalization skills. They are able to have entire
conversations with humans using meows and you're able to
interpret it. If a pet cat is hungry, it will keep meowing to
attract attention and find food. However, when a cat is looking
for affection, they tend to produce stretched and soft meows.
Meowing starts as soon as a baby cat is brought to life and
uses it to get the mother's attention and be fed.(Para.1)
( )What can be learned about cats' meowing from the first
paragraph
A.It's a survival skill.
B.It's taught by mother cats.
C.It's hard to interpret.
D.It's getting louder with age.
√
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第一段“Animals can express their needs
using a lot of ways. For instance, almost all animals have
distinct vocals (声音) that they rely on to either ask for help,
scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter.”可知,动物
依靠声音来寻求帮助、吓跑危险的动物或寻找庇护;根据“Meowing
starts as soon as a baby cat is brought to life and uses it to
get the mother's attention and be fed.”可知,猫宝宝一出生就开始
喵喵叫是为了引起猫妈妈的注意并得到食物。综合以上细节可知,猫
叫声是一种生存技能。故选A项。
数字计算题——整合计算法
[2025·浙江1月考，A节选]
Interlibrary Loan Fees
Library Type Loan Cost Article/Chapter Cost
Non-Profit Libraries $15 $10
For-Profit Libraries $20 $12
International Libraries $25 $15
( )How much do you pay for two articles obtained from an
international library
A.$15. B.$20. C.$24. D.$30.
√
[解析] 数字计算题。根据表格可知,借阅国际图书馆的文章的费用为
每篇15美元。因此,两篇文章的费用为:15美元×2=30美元。故D选项
“$30.”是正确的。故选D项。
A [2025·全国一卷，A]
文体:说明文 主题:人与自然 词数:196
The greening of planes, trains and automobiles
Moving goods and people around the world is responsible
for a large part of global CO2 emissions(排放). As the world
races to decarbonize everything, it faces particular problems
with transportation—which accounts for about a quarter of our
energy-related greenhouse gas emissions. Here's the
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breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of
transport.
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The fuels for transport need to be not just green, cheap
and powerful, but also lightweight and safe enough to be
carried around. Each mode of transport has its specific fuel
needs. Much is still to be settled, but here are some of the
solutions to get us going green.
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This energy transition(变革) is global, and the amount of
renewable energy the world will need is “a little bit mind-
blowing,” says mechanical engineer Keith Wipke at the National
Renewable Energy Laboratory. It's estimated that the global
demand for electricity could more than double by 2050.
Fortunately, analyses suggest that renewables are up to the task.
“We need to speed up the development of green energy, and
it will all get used,” says Wipke.
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［文章大意］本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了2018年不同交通
方式的温室气体排放占比，以及飞机、汽车等各类交通工具的未来
绿色燃料路径。
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( )1.What percentage of global transport emissions did
road vehicles account for in 2018
A.11.6%. B.45.1%. C.74.5%. D.86.1%.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据图表信息ROAD VEHICLES部分中“ROAD
(PASSENGER) 45.1%”［道路(客运)45.1%］以及“ROAD (GOODS)
29.4%”［道路(货运)29.4%］可知，道路车辆总占比为
(45.1%+29.4%=)74.5%，即道路车辆在2018年全球交通领域温室气体
的排放中占比74.5%。故选C项。
√
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( )2.Which mode of transport can go green
comparatively easily
A.Planes. B.Trucks. C.Trains. D.Ships.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据图表信息TRAINS—Electricity部分中“Some
trains are already electrified through rails or wires; others can be
made electric in pretty simple ways.”(一些列车已经通过轨道或电
线实现了电气化；其他火车可以通过非常简单的方式实现电动化。)
可知，火车相较选项中其他三种交通方式更易实现绿色化。故选C项。
√
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( )3.What does Wipke suggest regarding energy transition
A.Limiting fuel consumption.
B.Putting more effort into renewables.
C.Improving energy efficiency.
D.Making electricity more affordable.
√
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[解析] 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“‘We need to speed up the
development of green energy， and it will all get used,’ says
Wipke.”(Wipke说：“我们需要加速绿色能源的开发，而且这些能源都
会被利用起来。”)可知，Wipke建议加大对绿色能源的投入，即加大
对可再生能源的投入。故选B项。
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B [2024·新课标Ⅱ卷,B]
文体:新闻报道 主题:人与社会 词数:305
Do you ever get to the train station and realize you forgot
to bring something to read Yes, we all have our phones, but
many of us still like to go old school and read something
printed.
Well, there's a kiosk(小亭) for that. In the San Francisco Bay
Area, at least.
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“You enter the fare gates(检票口) and you'll see a kiosk
that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute, a three-
minute, or a five-minute story,” says Alicia Trost, the chief
communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid
Transit—known as BART. “You choose which length you want
and it gives you a receipt-like short story.”
It's that simple. Riders have printed nearly 20,000 short
stories and poems since the programme was launched last
March. Some are classic short stories, and some are new
original works.
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Trost also wants to introduce local writers to local riders.
“We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in
the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest,” Trost says. “And
as of right now, we've received about 120 submissions. The
winning stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be
a published artist.”
Ridership on transit(交通) systems across the country has
been down the past half century, so could short stories save
transit
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Trost thinks so.
“At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are
doing everything they can to improve the rider experience. So I
absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short
stories,” she says.
And you'll never be without something to read.
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［文章大意］本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了旧金山湾区捷
运系统(BART)推出了自助服务亭，提供短篇故事打印服务，旨在满
足乘客的阅读需求，提升出行体验。Trost认为此举措能吸引更多乘
客，对BART的未来持乐观态度，预期乘客量将会增长。
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( )4.Why did BART start the kiosk programme
A.To promote the local culture.
B.To discourage phone use.
C.To meet passengers' needs.
D.To reduce its running costs.
[解析] 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Yes, we all have our phones,
but many of us still like to go old school and read something
printed.”可知，我们大多数人还是喜欢阅读纸质材料，所以BART启
动自助服务亭是为了满足乘客在乘车过程中的阅读需求。故选C。
√
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( )5.How are the stories categorized in the kiosk
A.By popularity. B.By length.
C.By theme. D.By language.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第三段中“…you can get a one-minute,
a three-minute, or a five-minute story…”和“You choose which
length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.”可知，
自助服务亭中的故事是根据长度来分类的。故选B。
√
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( )6.What has Trost been doing recently
A.Organizing a story contest.
B.Doing a survey of customers.
C.Choosing a print publisher.
D.Conducting interviews with artists.
√
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[解析] 细节理解题。根据第五段中“‘We wanted to do something
where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit stories
for a contest,’ Trost says. ‘And as of right now, we've received
about 120 submissions. The winning stories would go into our
kiosk and then you would be a published artist.’”可知，Trost最近
在组织一个故事竞赛，向湾区的艺术家征集故事，获胜作品将被放
入自助服务亭供乘客打印阅读。故选A。
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( )7.What is Trost's opinion about BART's future
A.It will close down. B.Its profits will decline.
C.It will expand nationwide. D.Its ridership will increase.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“‘…So I absolutely think we
will get more riders just because of short stories,’ she says.”可知，
Trost认为BART通过短篇故事可以吸引更多的乘客，即客流量将会增
加。故选D。
√
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重点词句回顾
A.派生词
1.decarbonize v.脱碳(前缀de-:去除，脱离) ［carbon n.碳
→carbonize v.(使)碳化］
2.renewable adj. 可再生的；可更新的
3.submission n.提交物
4.ridership n.客流量
B.合成词
1.energy-related adj.与能源相关的
2.lightweight adj.轻量的
3.mind-blowing adj.令人极为惊讶的
4.receipt-like adj.像收据一样的
C.熟词生义
1.breakdown (熟义) n.故障→(生义) n.细目列表，分类(A，Para.1)
2.submit (熟义) vi. 顺从→(生义) vt. 提交(B，Para.5)
D.长难句分析
As the world races to decarbonize everything, it faces particular
problems with transportation—which accounts for about a
quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions.
(A，Para.1)
【分析】这是一个复合句，由时间状语从句、主句和定语从句构成。
as 引导 ______________，从句中to decarbonize everything是目的
状语；破折号后为 __________, 修饰先行词transportation。
【译文】当世界竞相为一切事物脱碳时，它在交通运输方面面临着特
殊的问题——交通运输约占我们能源相关温室气体排放量的四分之一。
时间状语从句
定语从句
A [2025·江苏南通如皋高三三模]
文体:应用文 主题:人与社会 词数:306
National Park Service│Big Cypress National
Preserve, Florida
Local Volunteer Handyman/Odd Jobs
Good with your hands and have some free time As a local
volunteer position, we are looking for someone who does not
require an RV spot, or any other form of housing. If you have
any questions, please contact Kathryn Finnerty at 239-695-1102.
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DESCRIPTION
Visitors from all over the world travel to Big Cypress
National Preserve to see if they can catch a glimpse of Florida
panthers (黑豹) at risk of extinction and watch alligators (钝吻鳄)
in the wild. They come to canoe (划独木舟) down the
waterways, hike in the backcountry, go on off-road driving, seek
stunning scenery, and stop at the visitor centres to learn more
about how the cycles of water and fire maintain the balance of
swamps, pinelands, prairies, and cypress domes across the
Preserve's 729,000 acres.
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QUALIFICATIONS
All volunteers will have excellent teamwork skills. Volunteers
in these roles hold an open line of communication with their
supervisors and fellow volunteers and park staff. Successful
volunteers can take direction as well as exercise good
judgement observing preserve regulations. For these positions a
driver's licence is necessary. Volunteers will be required to stand
or walk for extended periods of time. Bending and kneeling
may also be required. Terrain (地形) may be uneven, rough, or
slippery.
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You can help one day a week or one day a month. We
want to work with your schedule. We would just love to have
people from the local communities helping to preserve and
protect the natural lands that are in their backyards!
DUTIES
The volunteer will complete a variety of tasks, mainly within
our headquarters building. They will assist our facilities and
maintenance department and also help on larger projects as
needed.
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［文章大意］本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了美国佛罗里达州大柏
树国家保护区招募本地志愿者的信息，包含保护区描述、申请资质
和工作职责等。
( )1.What can visitors do in Big Cypress National
Preserve
A.Explore the highways.
B.Spot an endangered animal.
C.Take a highway vehicle ride.
D.Take long cross-country hikes.
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[解析] 细节理解题。根据DESCRIPTION部分中“Visitors from all
over the world travel to Big Cypress National Preserve to see if
they can catch a glimpse of Florida panthers (黑豹) at risk of
extinction and watch alligators (钝吻鳄) in the wild.”可知，游客来
到保护区可以看到一种濒危动物。故选B项。
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( )2.Which of the following will result in disqualification
A.A local team leader with good judgement.
B.A Florida local with communication skills.
C.An energetic farmer with a driver's licence.
D.A foreign visitor fluent in several languages.
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[解析] 细节理解题。根据标题和QUALIFICATIONS部分中第二段“We
would just love to have people from the local communities
helping to preserve and protect the natural lands that are in
their backyards!”可知，该项目招聘的是本地志愿者，外国游客即使
语言能力强也不符合条件。故选D项。
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( )3.What can we learn about a volunteer
A.He is prepared to deal with all projects.
B.His duties must be conducted outdoors.
C.He is supposed to complete tasks alone.
D.The schedule can be determined by him.
[解析] 细节理解题。根据QUALIFICATIONS部分中第二段“You can
help one day a week or one day a month. We want to work
with your schedule.”可知，时间安排由志愿者自行决定。故选D项。
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B [2025·山东济宁高三二模]
文体:记叙文 主题:人与自然 词数:320
During my early years, I focused on eye-catching landscape
photography. I spent time in the Himalayas, Patagonia and
Tasmania and returned with pictures of breathtaking beauty
which I thought were “awesome”. But a one-month camping trip
to the Menindee Lakes along Darling-Baaka in Australia shifted
my perspective:photography is more than taking photos.
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As I became increasingly familiar with the place, I learned
that human activities led to widespread deforestation and
drought in the area, resulting in many dead trees. Driving across
the region, I recalled that Sydney was blanketed by smoke for
months on end as bushfires swept through the east coast.
Fortunately, the La Nin~a weather cycle reached Australia,
increasing rainfall and causing the continent's short-lived rivers
to spring back to life. Yet, the image of bushfires stayed with
me, and I felt driven to do something. That was when the
photo Blaze came into being.
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I spoke to the local authority, explaining that I hoped to
create a “burning” tree as a beacon (灯塔) to draw people's
attention to deforestation. They showed great interest because
fire is an integral part of the Australian farming and the natives.
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I connected a few of the gas canisters (罐) generally used
for barbecues to flexible gas lines called “slinkies”, which could
be wired up the back of the tree, away from the tree and out
of sight of the public. These produced an outline of flames
(火焰) when I lit them, as if the tree were on fire. It was lit for
15 seconds while I got the shot, and firefighting equipment was
prepared. Even though the tree was dead, it was still a vital
habitat. But the gas flames did no damage and the insects that
lived inside were unharmed.
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I love that when people look at the photo, they can
concretize the delicacy of our natural world while appreciating
Blaze.
［文章大意］本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者受到环境变化启
发，创作了摄影作品来激发人们提高环保意识。
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( )4.What is the author's new perception of photography
A.It involves professional skills.
B.It should carry deep meanings.
C.It requires high-end equipment.
D.It should produce beautiful pictures.
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[解析] 细节理解题。根据第一段“But a one-month camping trip
to the Menindee Lakes along Darling-Baaka in Australia shifted
my perspective：photography is more than taking photos.”以及
第二段“Yet, the image of bushfires stayed with me, and I felt
driven to do something. That was when the photo Blaze came
into being.”可知，作者对摄影的新认识是它应该有深刻的含义，而
不仅仅是拍照。故选B项。
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( )5.What inspired the author to create Blaze
A.Local environmental changes.
B.Traditional Australian farming.
C.Scenery of the Menindee Lakes.
D.Support from the local authority.
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[解析] 细节理解题。根据第二段“As I became increasingly familiar
with the place, I learned that human activities led to widespread
deforestation and drought in the area, resulting in many dead
trees. Driving across the region, I recalled that Sydney was
blanketed by smoke for months on end as bushfires swept
through the east coast.”可知，当地环境变化激发了作者创作《火
焰》。故选A项。
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( )6.Which of the following images best illustrates the photo
Blaze
A. B. C. D.
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[解析] 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“I connected a few of the
gas canisters (罐) generally used for barbecues to flexible gas
lines called ‘slinkies’, which could be wired up the back of the
tree, away from the tree and out of sight of the public. These
produced an outline of flames (火焰) when I lit them, as if the
tree were on fire. It was lit for 15 seconds while I got the shot,
and firefighting equipment was prepared.”可知，D选项最能描述
《火焰》照片。故选D项。
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( )7.What is the photo Blaze intended to be
A.A means of enhancing artistic taste.
B.A strategy to beautify the landscape.
C.A call to raise public awareness.
D.A window to showcase local culture.
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[解析] 细节理解题。根据第二段“As I became increasingly familiar
with the place, I learned that human activities led to widespread
deforestation and drought in the area, resulting in many dead
trees…Yet, the image of bushfires stayed with me, and I felt
driven to do something. That was when the photo Blaze came
into being.”和第三段“I spoke to the local authority, explaining
that I hoped to create a ‘burning’ tree as a beacon (灯塔) to
draw people's attention to deforestation.”可知，《火焰》照片目的
是提高公众意识。故选C项。
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重点词句回顾
A.派生词
1.uneven adj. __________(even adj. 平坦的;平稳的)
不平坦的
2.deforestation n. __________
3.unharmed adj.未受伤害的
滥伐森林
B.合成词
1.eye-catching adj.引人注目的
2.breathtaking adj.令人惊叹的
3.short-lived adj.短暂的
C.熟词生义
1.shift (熟义) v. 移动；换挡→(生义) v. 改变(B,Para.1)
2.blanket(熟义) n.毯子→(生义) v. 覆盖，笼罩(B，Para.2)
3.wire (熟义) n. 电线；金属丝→(生义) v.将……连接到(B，Para.4)
D.长难句分析
As I became increasingly familiar with the place, I learned that
human activities led to widespread deforestation and drought in
the area, resulting in many dead trees.(B，Para.2)
【分析】这是一个复合句，包含主句、时间状语从句、宾语从句和
现在分词短语作结果状语。as I became increasingly familiar with
the place是 ____________，I learned…为主句的核心部分，that
human activities led to widespread deforestation and drought in
the area是 _____________，作learned的宾语，现在分词短语
resulting in many dead trees作结果状语。
【译文】随着我对这个地方越来越熟悉，我了解到人类活动导致该
地区出现了大面积的森林砍伐和干旱，进而造成了许多树木死亡。
时间状语从句
宾语从句
练真题
1.C 2.B 3.A
真题典例
1.C 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.B 6.A 7.D
重点词句回顾
长难句分析:时间状语从句;定语从句
模拟演练
1.B 2.D 3.D 4.B 5.A 6.D 7.C
重点词句回顾
派生词:1.不平坦的 2.滥伐森林
长难句分析:时间状语从句;宾语从句
