XB2U5人教版选必2 Unit5语篇分析+阅读单（教师版）
选择性必修2 Unit5 Reading and Thinking语篇分析
分析维度 内容项
What：语篇的主题、内容、结构、逻辑关系 一、文章基本信息 文章标题：First Aid for Burns作者： 文章类型：说明文主题/中心思想：介绍烧伤的类型、特征及急救措施，提供烧伤处理的基本知识。
二、文本结构与内容分析 整体结构：文章分为五个部分：引言、烧伤原因、烧伤类型、烧伤特征和急救措施。段落分布： 引言介绍皮肤的功能和烧伤的严重性；后续段落分别讨论烧伤的原因、类型、特征和急救步骤。逻辑关系：从一般到具体的逻辑顺序展开，先介绍皮肤和烧伤的严重性，再详细说明烧伤的原因、类型和急救方法。衔接与连贯：使用标题和段落清晰划分内容，逻辑连贯。段落功能：每个段落都有明确的主题，如烧伤原因、类型、特征和急救措施。
Why：语篇的深层涵义、情感态度、作者意图 三、写作意图与文化背景分析 文化背景：文章未涉及特定文化背景，内容具有普遍适用性。写作意图：提供关于烧伤处理的实用信息，帮助读者在紧急情况下采取正确措施。
四、情感态度与价值取向分析 情感态度：作者态度客观，专注于提供事实和建议。价值取向：强调急救知识的重要性，传递关爱生命和健康的价值观。
五、论点与文章有效性分析 论点清晰度与证据支持：论点清晰，通过分类和描述提供支持。文章有效性与局限性：文章有效地传达了烧伤处理的基本知识，但缺乏深入的科学解释和复杂情况的处理建议。文章与现实的联系：内容实用，易于引发读者共鸣，特别是在家庭急救方面。
六、逻辑关系与推理分析 显性逻辑关系：因果关系（烧伤原因与类型）、对比关系（不同类型烧伤的特征）。 2. 隐性推理与假设：假设读者具备基本的急救常识。
How：语篇的文体特征、语言特点、修辞手法、结构分析 七、语言与文体特征分析 语言特点：文章的语言简洁明了，语言风格通俗易懂，符合学生的日常表达。句式与句型分析：文章使用了简单句和短句，并且有时穿插了一些复合句，句式变化多样。短句的使用更；易于学生理解。文体特征：文体偏向正式、说明性文体。修辞手法：文章使用了使用列举和分类，语气客观、中立，通过这些修辞手法加强了文章的说服力。
八、写作手法分析 写作技巧与表达方式：文章通过通过分类和步骤说明，清晰传达信息，使用简洁的语言，使文章内容更加容易被读懂。
九、个人理解与批判性思维 个人理解与反思：文章提供了实用的急救知识，有助于提高读者的应急处理能力。批判性思维与反思：文章内容基本准确，但可增加更多科学解释和复杂情况的处理建议。
课文语言表达梳理 一、情感描述相关表达1. extremely painful，mildly painful，little or no pain用法：描述烧伤带来的不同程度的疼痛感受替换表达：terribly painful, slightly painful, hardly any pain
二、行为描写相关表达2. Dry the burnt area gently with a clean cloth.用法：描述了在烧伤急救过程中的具体行为动作替换表达：Gently wipe the burnt area dry with a clean cloth. 3. Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary.用法：描述了在烧伤急救过程中的具体行为动作替换表达：Cut off any clothes with scissors if needed. 4. Take him/her to the hospital at once.用法：描述了在烧伤急救过程中的具体行为动作替换表达：Rush him/her to the hospital immediately.
三、结果与反思相关表达5. Applying oil to the injured areas is a bad idea, as it will keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection.用法：描述烧伤这一行为产生的严重结果替换表达：Putting oil on the injured parts is not advisable because it will trap the heat in the wounds and might cause infection.
文章结构梳理 Article Analysis: First Impressions
1. Main IdeaThe article focuses on first aid for burns. It begins by emphasizing the importance of the skin and how burns can cause serious injuries. Then, it details the causes of burns, classifies burns into three types (first-degree, second-degree, and third-degree) based on the depth of skin damage, describes the characteristics of each type of burn, and finally provides a step-by-step guide on the first-aid treatment for burns.
2. Paragraph Summaries and FunctionsFirst paragraph:Summary: It states that the skin is an essential and the largest organ of the body, listing its various functions such as acting as a barrier, controlling body temperature, preventing water loss, giving the sense of touch, etc. It also points out that burns can lead to serious injuries and that first aid is the most important initial step in treating burns.Function: Sets the context by highlighting the significance of the skin and the potential severity of burns, thus introducing the topic of first aid for burns."CAUSES OF BURNS" paragraph:Summary: Lists a variety of things that can cause burns, including hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation, the sun, electricity, acids, and other chemicals.Function: Helps the reader understand the different sources of burns, which is essential for prevention and recognition."TYPES OF BURNS" section:Summary: Divides burns into three types (first-degree, second-degree, and third-degree) according to the depth of skin damage. It then describes each type, including the affected skin layers, the seriousness of the burn, and common examples for each type.Function: Classifies burns for better understanding, allowing readers to identify the type of burn and anticipate its severity and healing time. "CHARACTERISTICS OF BURNS" section:Summary: Describes the physical characteristics of each type of burn, such as appearance (dry, red, swollen, etc.) and pain levels for first-degree, second-degree, and third-degree burns.Function: Helps in the identification of the type of burn based on observable symptoms, which is crucial for appropriate first aid and treatment."FIRST-AID TREATMENT" section:Summary: Provides a step-by-step guide on how to perform first aid for burns, including placing the burn under cool water, drying the area, removing clothes carefully, covering the burn, ensuring breathing if the face is burnt, and taking the victim to the hospital for severe burns.Function: Offers practical advice on what to do in case of a burn, which is the main practical takeaway of the article.
3. Key Details from Each ParagraphFirst paragraph:The skin is an essential part of your body and is its largest organ.Your skin acts as a barrier against disease, toxins, and the sun's rays.It also helps control your body temperature, prevents your body from losing too much water, warns you when things are too hot or cold, and gives you your sense of touch.Getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries.The first and most important step in the treatment of burns is giving first aid. CAUSES OF BURNS" paragraph:You can get burnt by a variety of things: hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation, the sun, electricity, acids, or other chemicals.”"TYPES OF BURNS" section:These affect only the top few millimetres of the skin.These burns are not serious.Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by other minor household incidents.These go below the top layer of the skin.They are serious and take a few weeks to get better.Examples include burns caused by hot liquids.These affect every layer of the skin, and sometimes the tissue under it.Examples include burns caused by electric shocks, burning clothes, or petrol fires.These burns cause very severe internal injuries and the victim must go to the hospital at once."CHARACTERISTICS OF BURNS" section:dry, red, and mildly swollen, mildly painful, turn white when pressed.red and swollen, blisters: watery surface, extremely painful.black and white, swollen, the tissue underneath can often be seen, little or no pain if nerves are damaged: maybe painful around the edges of the burn."FIRST-AID TREATMENT" section:Place burns under cool running water, especially within the first ten minutes.The cool water stops the burning process and reduces the pain and swelling.Dry the burnt area gently with a clean cloth.Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary, unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin.”Cover the burnt area with a loose clean cloth.Applying oil to the injured areas is a bad idea, as it will keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection.If burns are on the face, make sure the victim can still breathe.If the victim is suffering from second or third-degree burns, there is an urgent need to take him/her to the hospital at once.
Reading Comprehension Worksheet（教师版）
XBook 2 Unit5: First Aid for Burns
I. Understanding and Main Idea Extraction（What文章理解与主旨提取）
1.
A. What is first aid？
First aid is the kind of help given to someone who suddenly _____________ or __________before a doctor comes.
Answer: "First aid is the kind of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor comes."
B. Look through the text&picture and identify its style and language features. Then tick its text type from the list below.
____ advertisement ____ blog post
____ hospital leaflet ____ email
____ newspaper article ____ short story
Answer: "hospital leaflet."
目的： 该问题考察学生从文章中提取主旨和关键信息的能力。总结要求理解文章的核心信息。
阅读技能目标：
能识别文章中的关键信息。
能将信息进行整合并形成简洁的总结。
2.
A. The skin is the largest organ of the body and acts as a ______ against disease, toxins, and the sun's rays. It also helps control body temperature, prevent water loss, warn about hot or cold things, and gives the sense of ______. The first step in treating burns is giving ______.
Answer: barrier; touch; first aid.
目的：考查学生对文章基本事实信息的获取能力，确认学生是否了解皮肤的基本功能以及烧伤急救的首要步骤。
阅读技能目标：
能陪养学生快速定位关键信息、细节理解的能力。
B. What are the common causes of burns
Answer: You can get burnt by hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation, the sun, electricity, acids, or other chemicals.
目的：检测学生对烧伤原因这一重要信息的掌握程度。
阅读技能目标：
训练学生从文中提取具体信息，提升信息检索能力。
(Table Fill-in Exercise) Complete the table to summarize the information about first aid for burns, including the depth of damage, examples and characteristics for each type.
Answer:
Complete the mind map about the types of burns.
Answer: cool; dry; remove; cover; breathe; send
目的： 让学生以图表的形式整理烧伤类型的相关信息，更直观地理解不同类型烧伤的特点。
阅读技能目标：
提升学生信息整理和可视化表达的能力，学会用不同方式呈现文本中的复杂信息。
II. Emotional and Deeper Meaning Analysis（Why情感与深层意义分析）
1.
A. Analyze the writer’s mood and reasons throughout the day.Why is it important to give
first aid to burn victims immediately ( )
Because it can completely cure
B. Because it can stop the burning process, reduce pain and swelling.
C. Because it can make the victim feel less worried.
D. Because it can prevent any scar from forming.
Answer: B
目的： 引导学生思考烧伤急救重要性背后的原因，理解文章中所传达的健康急救知识的意义。
阅读技能目标：
训练学生通过分析选项，对文章内容进行深度思考，从文章中找到依据进行推理判断的能力。
B. From the article, what can we learn about the importance of knowing first aid in our daily lives
Answer: Knowing first aid for burns is crucial in daily life. Burns can happen accidentally, and if we know how to give first aid immediately, we can reduce the severity of the injury, relieve the victim's pain, and potentially prevent more serious consequences such as infection or permanent damage. It can also give us the confidence to handle emergency situations and help those in need.
目的： 启发学生结合文章内容，深入思考急救知识在日常生活中的重要性，分析情感态度与价值取向。
阅读技能目标：
培养学生分析因果关系的能力，对文章内容进行深度思考，从文本中找出支持观点的依据。
A. Analyze the emotional attitude of the author towards burn first - aid. (Positive /
Negative / Neutral) and explain why.
Answer: Positive. Because the author emphasizes the importance of giving first aid for burns and provides detailed and practical first - aid methods, showing a concern for the treatment of burn victims.
目的： 让学生体会作者的情感态度，提升对文章情感基调的感知能力。
阅读技能目标：
培养学生对文章情感色彩的分析能力，从字里行间把握作者意图。
B. What might be the writer's intention in writing this article about first aid for burns
Answer: The writer's intention is to inform readers about the importance of first aid for burns, including the causes, types, characteristics of burns, and the correct first - aid treatment methods, so that readers can handle burn situations correctly
目的： 让学生理解作者的写作意图，体会文章传达的价值取向。
阅读技能目标：
培养学生对文章整体意图的把握和分析能力。
3.
A. Explain the logical relationship between the types of burns and the first - aid treatment.
Answer: The type of burn determines the severity of the injury, and different severities require different first - aid treatments. For example, first - degree burns can be treated with simple first - aid methods like placing under cool water and gentle drying. Second and third - degree burns, which are more serious, may require urgent hospital treatment in addition to basic first - aid.
目的： 考查学生对文章中不同内容之间逻辑关系的理解。
阅读技能目标：
提升学生分析逻辑关系的能力，理清文章中各部分内容的关联。
B. Analyze the value orientation behind emphasizing the importance of first - aid for burns.
Answer: The value orientation is to emphasize the importance of life safety and injury prevention. By highlighting first - aid, it shows that timely action can reduce the severity of burns and potential harm to the human body, which reflects a concern for people's well - being.
目的： 让学生挖掘文章背后的价值取向，深入理解文章传达的理念
阅读技能目标：
培养学生批判性思维能力，从文本中解读出更深层次的含义。
III. Structural Analysis and Creative Output（How结构分析与创造性输出）
1.
What writing techniques does the author use to make the information easy to understand
Answer: The author uses classification, such as dividing burns into three types; giving examples, like giving examples for each type of burn and cause of burn; and using simple and clear language to describe the characteristics and first - aid treatment.
目的： 引导学生关注文章的写作手法，提高对语言运用的敏感度。
阅读技能目标：
培养学生分析文章写作手法，理解如何通过恰当的写作方式更好地传达信息的能力。
2.
Suppose you are a doctor, write a short passage to introduce the first - aid knowledge of burns to the public.
Answer:
I. Introduction
A. Importance of first aid
B. Focus on first aid for burns
II. Body
A. Causes of burns
B. Types of burns and their characteristics
C. First - aid treatment steps
III. Conclusion
A. Emphasize the significance of knowing first aid for burns
B. Encourage students to learn and be prepared
Dear friends, burns are common injuries that can cause great harm to our bodies. When someone gets burnt, the first thing to do is to place the burnt area under cool running water, especially within the first ten minutes. This can stop the burning process and relieve pain. Then, dry the area gently with a clean cloth. If necessary, remove clothes carefully, but don't force if the fabric sticks to the skin. Cover the burn with a loose clean cloth. Remember, never apply oil to the injured area. For serious second or third - degree burns, take the victim to the hospital immediately. By following these simple first - aid steps, we can reduce the damage of burns.
目的： 通过角色代入的创意写作，让学生运用文章所学知识进行输出,检验学生对文章内容的理解和结构的把握，同时培养创造性思维。
阅读技能目标：
培养学生将阅读内容转化为写作素材，实现知识迁移和锻炼创造性写作的能力，提高语言综合运用水平。
3.
If you were to add one more section to this article, what would it be and why
Answer:
"One could add a section about "Recovery and Rehabilitation after Burns". This is because after learning about first aid, people may also be concerned about how the burn victims recover in the long - term, including how to deal with scars, regain skin function, and adjust to life after a burn injury. It would provide more comprehensive information for the readers."
目的： 激发学生对文章内容的拓展思考，分析文章结构的完整性和可扩展性。
阅读技能目标：
培养学生批判性思维和对文章结构进行创新思考的能力。
IV. Critical Thinking and Application（批判性思维与实践运用）
A. (Case Analysis) Your friend accidentally spilled boiling water on his arm and there are blisters. According to the article, What kind of burn is it and what first-aid measures should be taken
Answer: It is a second-degree burn. First, place the burnt area under cool running water, especially within the first ten minutes. Then, dry the burnt area gently with a clean cloth. Next, if necessary, remove any clothes using scissors, being careful not to pull the fabric if it's sticking to the burnt skin. After that, cover the burnt area with a loose clean cloth. Since it's a second-degree burn, there is an urgent need to take him to the hospital.
目的： 考查学生对知识的实际应用能力，能否根据具体案例判断烧伤类型并采取正确急救措施。
阅读技能目标：
培养学生运用所学知识解决实际问题，将文本知识与生活场景相结合,批判性分析和处理信息的能力。
(Debate topic)Some people think that applying toothpaste to a burn is a good first-aid method. Based on the knowledge from the article, do you agree or disagree Discuss with your partner based on the knowledge in the article.
Disagree. According to the article, applying oil to the injured areas is a bad idea as it will keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection. Toothpaste is similar in this regard. It may not only trap heat but also introduce bacteria, making the situation worse. First - aid methods in the article like using cool water are more effective and safe.
目的： 引发学生对常见但错误急救观念的思考，激发学生的批判性思维，让学生依据文章知识对生活中的观点进行判断和讨论。
阅读技能目标：
培养学生运用文本知识进行批判性思考，分析和评价观点的能力。
A. (Suggestion-giving) Suggest some ways to prevent burns in daily life.
Answer:
Be careful when using hot liquids, keep a safe distance from open fires, wear protective clothing when dealing with chemicals, use electrical appliances properly, and take precautions when exposed to the sun.
目的： 引导学生思考如何预防烧伤，培养学生的安全意识和知识迁移能力。
阅读技能目标：
锻炼学生在理解文章内容基础上，进行知识拓展和应用的能力。
B. What other measures do you think can be added to improve the first - aid effect for burns
Answer:
Answers may vary. For example, having first - aid kits with burn - specific medications nearby in public places, providing more public education on burn first - aid, and developing more advanced first - aid equipment for burns.
目的： 鼓励学生进行拓展思考，提出自己的见解，培养创新思维。
阅读技能目标：
培养学生创新思维和拓展思考的能力，不拘泥于文本内容，能提出有建设性的想法。
Compare the first-aid methods for burns in this article with those you know in daily life. Are there any differences
Answers may vary. Some people may know to use toothpaste on burns in daily life, but according to the article, applying oil (including toothpaste which may have oily substances) to the injured areas is a bad idea as it will keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection. The article emphasizes placing burns under cool running water, gentle drying, proper clothing removal, and covering with a clean cloth.
目的： 引导学生对比生活常识与文章知识，培养批判性思维，判断信息的准确性。
阅读技能目标：
提升学生辨别信息和批判性思考的能力，学会对不同来源的知识进行分析判断。
V. 词块积累及应用
1. 词块积累：
文中可用的语言输出表达梳理：
1：act as：充当，起……作用，如“Your skin acts as a barrier against disease”；
2：lead to：导致，如“getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries”；
3：a variety of：各种各样的，如“You can get burnt by a variety of things”；
4：be divided into：被分成，如“Burns are divided into three types”。
A. 情感描述相关表达
extremely painful，mildly painful，little or no pain
用法：描述烧伤带来的不同程度的疼痛感受
替换表达：terribly painful, slightly painful, hardly any pain
B. 行为描写相关表达
Dry the burnt area gently with a clean cloth.
用法：描述了在烧伤急救过程中的具体行为动作
替换表达：Gently wipe the burnt area dry with a clean cloth.
Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary.
用法：描述了在烧伤急救过程中的具体行为动作
替换表达：Cut off any clothes with scissors if needed.
Take him/her to the hospital at once.
用法：描述了在烧伤急救过程中的具体行为动作
替换表达：Rush him/her to the hospital immediately.
C. 结果与反思相关表达
Applying oil to the injured areas is a bad idea, as it will keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection.
用法：描述烧伤这一行为产生的严重结果
替换表达：Putting oil on the injured parts is not advisable because it will trap the heat in the wounds and might cause infection.
目的：通过整理文章中的情感、行为和反思表达，帮助学生形成语义网络，内化语言。
2. 迁移应用：
A. 制作海报：要求学生制作一张关于烧伤预防和急救的海报，用英文标注关键信息和图片说明。
词汇：burn, prevent, wound, infection, quickly
句型：I felt...; I was a little...; I want to...; What if...
句型支持：
Stay away from hot objects.
Cool the burned area quickly.
Cover the wound with clean cloth.
目标：通过视觉呈现，强化学生对烧伤知识的理解和传播，同时锻炼学生的设计和英文表达能力。
B. 小组短剧：让学生分组编写并表演一个短剧，场景设定为有人烧伤，其他成员如何运用所学知识进行急救。通过角色扮演，让学生更加深入理解急救步骤，提高团队协作和口语表达能力。
句型：I felt...; I was a little...; I want to...; What if...
句型支持：
Firstly, we need to...
Secondly, it is important to...
Place burns under cool running water.
Dry the burnt area gently with a clean cloth.
Cover the burnt area with a loose clean cloth.
目标：鼓励学生运用行为描写的表达，模拟情景对话。
目的： 该任务聚焦于词汇积累和应用，帮助学生通过分支的方式表达情感、行为和反思，增强词汇在实际语境中的运用。
阅读技能目标：
扩展与情感、行为相关的词汇。
将新词汇应用于语境中以增强理解与表达能力。XB2U5人教版选必2 Unit5阅读单（学生版）
Reading Comprehension Worksheet（学生版）
XBook 2 Unit5: First Aid for Burns
I. Understanding and Main Idea Extraction（What文章理解与主旨提取）
1.
A. What is first aid？
First aid is the kind of help given to someone who suddenly _____________ or __________before a doctor comes.
B. Look through the text&picture and identify its style and language features. Then tick its text type from the list below.
____ advertisement ____ blog post
____ hospital leaflet ____ email
____ newspaper article ____ short story
2.
A.The skin is the largest organ of the body and acts as a ______ against disease, toxins, and the sun's rays. It also helps control body temperature, prevent water loss, warn about hot or cold things, and gives the sense of ______. The first step in treating burns is giving ______.
B. What are the common causes of burns
C.(Table Fill-in Exercise) Complete the table to summarize the information about first aid for burns, including the depth of damage, examples and characteristics for each type.
D.Complete the mind map about the types of burns.
II. Emotional and Deeper Meaning Analysis（Why情感与深层意义分析）
1.
A. Analyze the writer’s mood and reasons throughout the day.Why is it important to give
first aid to burn victims immediately ( )
A.Because it can completely cure
B. Because it can stop the burning process, reduce pain and swelling.
C. Because it can make the victim feel less worried.
D. Because it can prevent any scar from forming.
B. From the article, what can we learn about the importance of knowing first aid in our daily lives
2.
A. Analyze the emotional attitude of the author towards burn first - aid. (Positive /
Negative / Neutral) and explain why.
B. What might be the writer's intention in writing this article about first aid for burns
3.
A. Explain the logical relationship between the types of burns and the first - aid treatment.
B. Analyze the value orientation behind emphasizing the importance of first - aid for burns.
III. Structural Analysis and Creative Output（How结构分析与创造性输出）
1.
What writing techniques does the author use to make the information easy to understand
2.
Suppose you are a doctor, write a short passage to introduce the first - aid knowledge of burns to the public.
3.
If you were to add one more section to this article, what would it be and why
IV. Critical Thinking and Application（批判性思维与实践运用）
A. (Case Analysis) Your friend accidentally spilled boiling water on his arm and there are blisters. According to the article, What kind of burn is it and what first-aid measures should be taken
(Debate topic)Some people think that applying toothpaste to a burn is a good first-aid method. Based on the knowledge from the article, do you agree or disagree Discuss with your partner based on the knowledge in the article.
A. (Suggestion-giving) Suggest some ways to prevent burns in daily life.
B. What other measures do you think can be added to improve the first - aid effect for burn
Compare the first-aid methods for burns in this article with those you know in daily life. Are there any differences
V. 词块积累及应用
1. 词块积累：
文中可用的语言输出表达梳理：
1：act as：充当，起……作用，如“Your skin acts as a barrier against disease”；
2：lead to：导致，如“getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries”；
3：a variety of：各种各样的，如“You can get burnt by a variety of things”；
4：be divided into：被分成，如“Burns are divided into three types”。
A. 情感描述相关表达
B. 行为描写相关表达
C.结果与反思相关表达
2. 迁移应用：
A. 制作海报：要求学生制作一张关于烧伤预防和急救的海报，用英文标注关键信息和图片说明。
词汇：burn, prevent, wound, infection, quickly
句型：I felt...; I was a little...; I want to...; What if...
句型支持：
Stay away from hot objects.
Cool the burned area quickly.
Cover the wound with clean cloth.
B. 小组短剧：让学生分组编写并表演一个短剧，场景设定为有人烧伤，其他成员如何运用所学知识进行急救。通过角色扮演，让学生更加深入理解急救步骤，提高团队协作和口语表达能力。
句型：I felt...; I was a little...; I want to...; What if...
句型支持：
Firstly, we need to...
Secondly, it is important to...
Place burns under cool running water.
Dry the burnt area gently with a clean cloth.
Cover the burnt area with a loose clean cloth.
