人教版选必4 Unit3语篇分析+阅读单（教师版）
选择性必修4 Unit3 Reading and Thinking
Reaching Out Across the Sea语篇分析
分析维度 内容项
What：语篇的主题、内容、结构、逻辑关系 一、文章基本信息 文章标题：Reaching Out Across the Sea作者：文章类型：说明文，以清晰、客观的方式阐述海上贸易与探索的发展历程。主题 / 中心思想：文章深度剖析了从古至今海上贸易与探索的进程，涵盖古代丝绸之路、郑和下西洋等关键历史节点，以及当代 21 世纪海上丝绸之路和北极探索合作等重要发展，有力地强调了海上贸易和探索在促进文化交流、强化各国联系方面的关键作用。
二、文本结构与内容分析 整体结构：文章精心构建为四个部分。开篇以贸易和好奇心是人类伟大成就基石以及东西方探索背景引入，奠定基调；接着介绍古代丝绸之路的陆上和海上贸易路线与文化交流，勾勒历史轮廓；随后详细讲述郑和下西洋的辉煌事迹及其深远影响；最后聚焦当今海上贸易和探索的新进展，如 21 世纪海上丝绸之路与北极探索合作，展现时代发展。段落分布：首段为引言，巧妙引出主题，激发读者兴趣；第二、三段作为主体，深入描绘古代海上贸易与探索的风貌，为后文做足铺垫；第四段依旧是主体，着重阐述当今的海上贸易与探索状况；末尾部分进一步补充当今在北极探索方面的合作，丰富文章内容。逻辑关系：文章严谨地遵循时间顺序，从古代一步步推进至现代，清晰展现海上贸易和探索的发展脉络。各部分间以时间推移为线索，呈顺承关系，自然流畅地展示不同历史时期海上活动的独特特点与深远影响。衔接与连贯：运用 “However”“Later”“In recent years” 等连接词和过渡语，巧妙实现时间顺序上的无缝过渡，使文章层次分明。同时，通过对不同历史时期海上贸易和探索的细致入微的描述，在内容上形成紧密连贯，让读者能轻松跟上作者思路。段落功能：首段开启话题，吸引读者目光；第二段深入介绍古代丝绸之路的贸易路线与文化交流，为后文郑和下西洋等内容埋下伏笔；第三段浓墨重彩地讲述郑和下西洋的伟大壮举及其重大意义；第四段巧妙将话题引至当今，着重介绍 21 世纪海上丝绸之路和北极探索合作，凸显海上贸易和探索的传承与发展；补充部分则进一步丰富当今探索合作的内容，使文章更具完整性。
Why：语篇的深层涵义、情感态度、作者意图 三、写作意图与文化背景分析 文化背景：文章深度涉及古代中国、印度、中东、罗马等地区丰富多元的文化背景，以及明朝时期中国独特的文化和先进的航海技术。作者通过对这些历史背景的细腻描绘，生动展现了不同文化在海上贸易与探索过程中的精彩交流与深度融合。背景知识的运用：读者若想透彻理解文章内容，需储备丝绸之路的相关知识、熟知郑和下西洋的历史以及明朝卓越的航海成就等背景知识。这些知识如同钥匙，帮助读者打开理解文章深层内涵的大门。写作意图：作者旨在通过对海上贸易和探索历史的深情回溯，深刻强调贸易和探索在促进文化交流、加强各国紧密联系方面的不可替代的重要作用。同时，着重介绍当今中国在海上贸易和探索方面的创新举措，充分展现中国积极投身国际合作、全力推动世界共同发展的坚定决心。
四、情感态度与价值取向分析 情感态度：作者对古代海上贸易和探索的辉煌成就满怀赞赏之情，对郑和下西洋等伟大壮举给予高度肯定与热情赞扬。对当今中国在海上贸易和探索方面的创新举措，更是充满信心与殷切期待。价值取向：文章鲜明地传达了开放、合作、交流的核心价值观，深刻强调不同文化之间相互理解、彼此尊重的极端重要性，以及通过贸易和探索实现共同发展的先进理念。
五、论点与文章有效性分析 论点清晰度与证据支持：文章论点明确清晰，即贸易和探索是促进文化交流、加强各国联系的关键力量。通过列举古代丝绸之路、郑和下西洋以及当今 21 世纪海上丝绸之路和北极探索合作等丰富详实的具体事例，为论点提供了坚实有力的证据支撑。文章有效性与局限性：文章在阐述海上贸易和探索的历史与现状方面极具说服力，凭借丰富的历史事例和当今的实际情况，使读者能清晰洞察其发展脉络与重要意义。然而，文章在某些方面仍有拓展空间，比如可对古代丝绸之路文化交流的具体内容进行更深入、细致的阐述，对当今北极探索合作的科学意义进行更全面、深入的剖析。文章与现实的联系：文章观点在当今社会具有极强的现实意义，21 世纪海上丝绸之路的宏伟倡议正有力推动各国之间的贸易与合作，深度促进文化交流，极大地加强了中国与世界各国的紧密联系，极易引发读者的强烈共鸣。
六、逻辑关系与推理分析 显性逻辑关系：文章存在显著的时间顺序逻辑关系，借助 “ancient times”“Later”“Between 1405 and 1433”“In recent years” 等时间词，清晰勾勒出海上贸易和探索的发展轨迹。同时，存在紧密的因果关系，如古代丝绸之路的繁荣贸易有力促进了文化交流，郑和下西洋显著加强了中国与其他地区的联系等。隐性推理与假设：文章巧妙暗示了海上贸易和探索将持续蓬勃发展，随着时间的稳步推移，各国之间的合作必将不断深化加强。同时，合理假设通过 21 世纪海上丝绸之路等创新倡议，能够成功实现各国之间的共同繁荣与协同发展。
How：语篇的文体特征、语言特点、修辞手法、结构分析 七、语言与文体特征分析 语言特点：文章语言风格正式、严谨，运用了 “civilisations”“negotiate”“expeditions” 等学术词汇，精准传达信息。词汇感彩客观中立，主要围绕历史事实和现状展开描述，不掺杂过多主观情感。句式与句型分析：文章灵活运用多种句式，既有简洁明了的简单句，如 “Trade and curiosity have often formed the foundation of mankind’s greatest achievements.”，又有结构复杂的复合句，如 “Although China withdrew from further expeditions after 1433, these land and sea routes remained active channels between other cultures for centuries.”，其中使用让步状语从句，丰富了文章的表达层次。文体特征：文章属于典型的学术性说明文，文体正式规范，结构严谨有序，主要通过确凿的事实和具体的数据来阐述观点，展现出科学性和权威性。修辞手法：文章虽较少运用常见修辞手法，但语言凭借精准的词汇选择和严密的逻辑连贯性，同样有效地增强了说服力。例如，在描述郑和下西洋的船队时，通过 “These fleets were a sight to be hold and were in a league of their own at that time.” 这样简洁而生动的表述，让读者对船队的壮观有了直观感受，虽未用传统修辞，却达到了良好的表达效果。
八、写作手法分析 写作技巧与表达方式：文章巧妙运用时间顺序的写作技巧，依照历史发展的先后顺序，有条不紊地依次介绍古代、明朝以及当今的海上贸易和探索情况，使文章条理清晰、层次分明，读者能轻松把握文章脉络。同时，灵活运用举例说明的表达方式，通过列举丝绸之路、郑和下西洋等具体事例，将抽象的概念具象化，极大地增强了文章的说服力。
九、个人理解与批判性思维 个人理解与反思：从文章中深刻认识到海上贸易和探索对人类文明发展的深远影响，其不仅促进了不同文化之间的交流融合，更推动了人类社会的进步。对作者观点深表认同，文章让我们更加珍视中国在海上贸易和探索方面的悠久历史和卓越贡献，以及当今中国在国际合作中发挥的积极引领作用。批判性思维与反思：文章整体论证充分、逻辑严密，但在细节方面仍可优化。例如，可进一步挖掘古代丝绸之路文化交流中具体的艺术、科技、思想等方面的交融，使文化交流内容更丰满；对当今北极探索合作，除科学意义外，还可从经济、政治、社会等多维度进行全面分析，使探讨更具广度和深度。同时，在看待历史和现实时，应始终保持批判性思维，客观、辩证地评价不同历史时期的海上贸易和探索活动，以及当今的国际合作倡议，不断汲取经验，推动未来发展。
课文语言表达梳理 一、情感描述相关表达对伟大成就的赞叹：文中虽没有直接强烈的情感抒发词汇，但通过语句如 “To complete the great map of the world was a strong passion for the people of early civilisations.” ，“great” 一词体现出对绘制世界地图这一人类伟大成就的肯定，侧面反映出作者对人类探索精神和伟大成就的赞叹。此外，“These fleets were a sight to be hold and were in a league of their own at that time.” 描绘郑和下西洋的船队时，强调其壮观和独一无二，隐含着对这一航海壮举的赞赏之情。对合作与发展的期待：在描述 21 世纪海上丝绸之路时，“The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas, and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world.” ，“aim”“encourage”“strengthen” 等词，展现出对通过海上贸易和探索加强国际合作与联系的积极态度，表达出作者对未来各国合作发展的期待。
二、行为描写相关表达贸易行为：“In ancient times, silk from China found its way overland to India, the Middle East, and Rome, along what became known as the Silk Road.” “found its way” 生动地描绘出古代丝绸贸易通过丝绸之路流向其他地区的情景。“Here, merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals” “met” “negotiate” 具体地展现了商人聚集进行贸易洽谈的行为。航海探索行为：“Marco Polo’s tales inspired European explorers to search for sea routes from west to east.” “search for” 体现欧洲探险家受激励寻找新航线的探索行为。“Under the command of Zheng He, they set sail from the South China Sea across the Indian Ocean to the mouth of the Red Sea, and then to the east coast of Africa.” “set sail” “across” “to” 等词详细地描述了郑和船队的航海路线和探索行为，展现了大规模航海探索的过程。现代合作行为：“China has joined other nations on several expeditions to explore the Arctic.” “joined” “explore” 明确指出中国在现代与其他国家共同进行北极探索的合作行为，体现了当下国际间的合作探索行动。
三、结果与反思相关表达历史贸易与探索的结果：“These land and sea routes remained active channels between other cultures for centuries.” 表明古代丝绸之路和郑和下西洋等贸易探索活动使海陆路线成为长期的文化交流渠道，这是历史贸易与探索带来的积极结果。“African royal families sent gifts such as giraffes as gestures of friendship in return for gold, silk, and spices.” 体现了贸易和探索促进了不同地区间的友好往来，是具体的交流结果呈现。现代倡议的预期结果：“The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas, and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world. Trading has grown greatly in recent years, and will continue to do so in years to come.” 阐述了 21 世纪海上丝绸之路倡议的目标，并且说明近年来贸易增长的现状以及对未来贸易持续增长的预期，表达了对现代海上贸易合作发展结果的展望。未明确提及反思内容：文章主要侧重于叙述海上贸易和探索的发展历程、行为以及带来的结果，未明确出现关于历史或现代海上活动的反思性表达。但从对古代辉煌贸易探索和现代积极合作倡议的描述中，可侧面反映出对持续发展海上贸易和探索、加强国际交流合作重要性的一种潜在认知 。
文章结构梳理 Article Analysis:
Main Idea：The article "Reaching Out Across the Sea" explores the long - standing significance of sea exploration and trade throughout history. It details how trade and curiosity have spurred mankind's efforts in mapping the world and establishing connections across the seas. From ancient trade routes like the Silk Road to modern initiatives such as the 21st - century Maritime Silk Road, the text emphasizes the continuous development of sea - related activities and their role in promoting cultural exchange and international cooperation.
Paragraph Summaries and FunctionsParagraph 1Summary: The paragraph opens by stating that trade and curiosity are the basis of mankind's great achievements. It mentions the passion for completing the world map in early civilizations, how Marco Polo inspired European west - to - east sea route exploration, and that eastern merchants and explorers had sailed from east to west earlier than Columbus.Function: Sets the stage for the entire article, introducing the overarching themes of trade, exploration, and the historical context of sea - route discovery.Paragraph 2Summary: Describes the ancient Silk Road, both the overland route from China to India, the Middle East, and Rome, and the sea - based trading route centered around Ceylon in the Indian Ocean. It also mentions how merchants from different places met to negotiate trade deals, leading to cultural awareness, and how further trading enabled more exploration of the regions west of China, as recorded by Du Huan.Function: Provides historical background on early sea - based trade and cultural exchange, laying the groundwork for the subsequent paragraphs on more extensive sea exploration.Paragraph 3Summary: Focuses on the Ming Dynasty's sea exploration. Between 1405 and 1433, seven large fleets under Zheng He sailed from the South China Sea across the Indian Ocean to the Red Sea and the east coast of Africa. African royal families sent gifts in return for Chinese goods, and although China stopped further expeditions after 1433, the trade routes remained active.Function: Highlights a significant period of Chinese - led sea exploration, demonstrating the scale and impact of these voyages on international relations and trade routes.Paragraph 4Summary: Talks about the present - day situation. The ancient sea routes of Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st - century Maritime Silk Road as part of the Belt and Road Initiative, aiming to encourage cooperation and trade. China has made large investments, and trading has grown and will continue to do so. It also mentions China's participation in Arctic exploration with other nations for scientific reasons.Function: Connects the historical sea exploration to modern - day initiatives, showing the continuity and development of sea - related activities in the contemporary world.
3. Key Details from Each ParagraphParagraph 1"Trade and curiosity have often formed the foundation of mankind’s greatest achievements.""Marco Polo’s tales inspired European explorers to search for sea routes from west to east.""Merchants and explorers from the East set sail from east to west many years before Columbus first did."Paragraph 2"In ancient times, silk from China found its way overland to India, the Middle East, and Rome, along what became known as the Silk Road.""A trading route across the sea was also extended along the coasts of the Indian Ocean, centred around Ceylon (now Sri Lanka).""Du Huan’s Record of My Travels in the eighth century"Paragraph 3"Between 1405 and 1433, seven large fleets sailed west on voyages of trade and exploration.""Under the command of Zheng He, they set sail from the South China Sea across the Indian Ocean to the mouth of the Red Sea, and then to the east coast of Africa.""African royal families sent gifts such as giraffes as gestures of friendship in return for gold, silk, and spices."Paragraph 4"The ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st century Maritime Silk Road, which is part of the Belt and Road Initiative.""China has invested billions in systems and services along these routes.""China has joined other nations on several expeditions to explore the Arctic. From a scientific point of view, there is an urgent need to study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects."
Reading Comprehension Worksheet（教师版）
选择性必修4 Unit3 Reading and Thinking
Reaching Out Across the Sea
I. Understanding and Main Idea Extraction（What文章理解与主旨提取）
1.
A. Summarize the article in 1 - 2 sentences or choose the best summary.
Answer: The article traces the history of sea exploration from ancient trade routes like the Silk Road and Zheng He's voyages, to modern - day initiatives such as the Belt and Road, and China's participation in Arctic exploration, highlighting the continuous human drive for sea - based trade and discovery
B. “The article uses a ______ to depict the development of sea exploration, showing the progress from ______ in ancient times to ______ in modern times.”
Answer: “The article uses a timeline to depict the development of sea exploration, showing the progress from overland and sea - based trade along the Silk Road in ancient times to the Belt and Road Initiative and Arctic exploration in modern times.”
目的：帮助学生从整体上把握文章内容，学会提炼关键信息，概括文章核心主旨，同时理解文章的叙述线索和发展脉络。
阅读技能目标：
能够识别文章中的关键信息并进行整合。
掌握运用简洁语言总结文章主要内容的能力
2.
A. Draw a chart that shows the development of sea - related trade routes in different periods. Label the key regions and trading activities.
Answer: Create a chart with columns for “Period”, “Trade Routes”, “Key Regions”, and “Trading Activities”. Fill in information like: Ancient times - Silk Road (overland to India, Middle East, Rome); Sea route around Indian Ocean (centered on Ceylon) - Goods like silk, spices traded; Ming Dynasty - Zheng He's voyages (from South China Sea to Red Sea, east coast of Africa) - Gold, silk, spices exchanged for gifts from Africa; 21st century - Maritime Silk Road (part of Belt and Road) - Global cooperation and trade expansion.
B. Analyze the reasons behind the development of sea - related trade routes in different eras. Do you think these reasons are still relevant today Why
Answer: In ancient times, the desire for trade, access to valuable goods, and cultural exchange drove the development of sea - related trade routes. In the Ming Dynasty, it was also about showing national strength and expanding diplomatic relations. Today, the reasons of trade expansion, cultural exchange, and international cooperation are still highly relevant, as the world becomes more interconnected and countries seek mutual development.
C. In the article, it mentions that “Trading has grown greatly in recent years, and will continue to do so in years to come.” Based on the content, what factors contribute to this growth
Answer: The Belt and Road Initiative encourages cooperation and trade across historic Silk Road areas. China's large - scale investment in systems and services along these routes also promotes the growth of trading.
目的：引导学生梳理海洋贸易路线发展的历史信息，分析其背后的推动因素及现实意义，培养学生的历史思维和分析能力。
阅读技能目标：
精准提取并整理文本中的具体信息，制作相关图表。
依据文本内容进行因果关系分析和逻辑推理。
3.
A. What was the significance of Zheng He's voyages in the history of sea exploration, and how did they impact cultural and trade exchanges
Answer: Zheng He's voyages were significant as they were large - scale expeditions that reached far - off regions like the east coast of Africa. They expanded China's influence, promoted trade of goods like gold, silk, and spices, and enhanced cultural exchanges as different regions learned about each other through the gifts and interactions. It also established active trade routes that remained important for centuries.
B. Read the following statements and decide if they are true or false:
The Belt and Road Initiative only focuses on sea - based trade.
Marco Polo's tales had an impact on European sea exploration.
There were no sea - based trade routes before the Ming Dynasty.
Answer: False True False
C. Paraphrase the following sentence: “To complete the great map of the world was a strong passion for the people of early civilisations.”
Answer: The people of early civilisations had a strong desire to finish mapping the entire world.
目的： 促使学生深入理解郑和下西洋这一重要历史事件在海洋探索及文化贸易交流中的作用，同时检验学生对文章细节的理解和语言转换能力。
阅读技能目标：
分析历史事件对不同领域的影响，提升归纳总结能力。
准确判断陈述的正误，理解并运用不同表达方式传达相同语义。
II. Emotional and Deeper Meaning Analysis（Why情感与深层意义分析）
1.
A. Complete the sentence based on the text:
“The spirit of trade and curiosity in ancient sea exploration activities not only promoted the exchange of goods but also ______. In modern - day initiatives like the Belt and Road, this spirit continues to ______, strengthening global connections.”
Answer: “The spirit of trade and curiosity in ancient sea exploration activities not only promoted the exchange of goods but also enhanced cultural understanding among different regions. In modern - day initiatives like the Belt and Road, this spirit continues to drive international cooperation, strengthening global connections.”
2.
A. How do you think the cultural exchanges during ancient sea - based trade influenced the development of different civilizations
Answer: Cultural exchanges during ancient sea - based trade introduced new ideas, technologies, and artistic styles to different civilizations. For example, the spread of Chinese silk - making techniques and the introduction of Middle - Eastern spices and art forms enriched the lives and development of various cultures. It also broadened people's horizons, leading to more open - mindedness and innovation within civilizations.
B. Fill in the table below based on the text to show the long - term impact of different sea exploration periods:
Period Sea Exploration Activity Long - term Impact
Ancient times Silk Road and Indian Ocean sea routes Established trade and cultural links that lasted for centuries, influencing the development of economies and cultures along the routes.
Ming Dynasty Zheng He's voyages Extended China's influence globally, set up diplomatic relations, and left a historical legacy of large - scale sea exploration.
21st century Belt and Road Initiative, Arctic exploration Promotes contemporary global trade, cooperation, and scientific research, with the potential to reshape the economic and cultural landscape of connected regions.
C. Write a short paragraph explaining how the historical sea exploration experiences can inspire modern - day international cooperation
Answer: Historical sea exploration experiences demonstrate the benefits of venturing beyond one's boundaries for mutual gain. The cooperation among merchants from different regions in ancient times, and the diplomatic missions during Zheng He's voyages, show that by working together, countries can expand trade, share knowledge, and build stronger relationships. In modern - day international cooperation, these lessons can inspire countries to collaborate on large - scale projects like the Belt and Road Initiative, breaking down barriers and creating a more interconnected and prosperous world.
目的： 让学生挖掘文章中海洋探索活动所蕴含的精神内涵及其演变，理解文化交流的深远影响，以及历史对现代的启示，培养学生的文化意识和历史借鉴思维。
阅读技能目标：
深入理解文本中关于文化、精神等抽象概念的表述及作用。
能够结合文本和自身知识储备，分析历史事件对不同文明及现代社会的影响。
III. Structural Analysis and Creative Output（How结构分析与创造性输出）
1.
A. Complete the sentence:
“The article starts with the general motivation of sea exploration in human history, then ______. It further progresses to describe modern - day initiatives, finally ______.”
Answer: “The article starts with the general motivation of sea exploration in human history, then details the development of ancient trade routes and Zheng He's voyages. It further progresses to describe modern - day initiatives, finally emphasizing the continuous importance of sea - based cooperation and exploration.”
B. Write an essay discussing how the chronological structure of the article helps convey the long - term significance of sea exploration.
Answer: The chronological structure of the article provides a clear and comprehensive view of the evolution of sea exploration. By starting with ancient trade routes like the Silk Road, readers can understand the early roots of human curiosity and the drive for trade across seas. The account of Zheng He's voyages in the Ming Dynasty showcases a significant milestone in large - scale sea exploration and diplomatic outreach. Moving on to modern - day initiatives such as the Belt and Road and Arctic exploration, the article demonstrates the continuity of this sea - faring spirit. This structure effectively conveys that sea exploration has been a long - standing pursuit with ever - expanding significance, from simple trade exchanges to complex international cooperation and scientific research, highlighting its crucial role in shaping human history and the future of global relations.
C. Discuss with your group how the use of historical examples in different sections of the article contributes to the overall argument.
Answer: The historical examples in different sections serve as strong evidence for the article's argument about the importance of sea exploration. The ancient Silk Road and Indian Ocean trade routes illustrate how sea - based trade was the foundation for cultural and economic exchanges in early civilizations. Zheng He's voyages prove the ability of large - scale sea exploration to foster diplomatic relations and expand a nation's influence. These examples, when combined with modern - day initiatives, show that sea exploration has always been a driving force for progress, whether in terms of trade, culture, or scientific discovery. They support the overall argument that reaching out across the sea is a continuous human endeavor with far - reaching benefits.
目的： 使学生清晰把握文章的结构特点，理解结构对表达文章主旨的作用，同时培养学生的写作和团队协作能力。
阅读技能目标：
准确分析文章的结构，理解各部分之间的逻辑关系。
能够运用恰当的语言，阐述文章结构对传达意义的重要性，并通过小组讨论分享观点。
IV. Critical Thinking and Application（批判性思维与实践运用）
1.
A. Analyze the potential challenges that might be faced in implementing the Belt and Road Initiative, and suggest possible solutions.
Answer: Potential challenges include geopolitical tensions among different countries, infrastructure - building difficulties in some regions, and cultural differences that may lead to misunderstandings. Solutions could involve diplomatic efforts to ease geopolitical issues, international cooperation in infrastructure construction with proper planning and resource allocation, and promoting cultural exchanges to enhance mutual understanding among participating countries.
B. Considering the environmental impact of sea exploration, what measures should be taken to ensure sustainable development in future sea - related activities
Answer: To ensure sustainable development, strict environmental regulations should be implemented for activities such as shipping, fishing, and resource extraction during sea exploration. Advanced technologies should be developed and adopted to reduce pollution, like cleaner - burning fuels for ships and more environmentally friendly exploration equipment. Additionally, scientific research should be carried out to better understand the marine ecosystem and its vulnerability, so as to minimize the negative impact of sea - related activities on the environment.
目的：引导学生关注现实问题，运用所学知识分析 “一带一路” 倡议和海洋探索中的实际挑战，并提出解决方案，培养学生的批判性思维和解决问题的能力。
阅读技能目标：
能够从文本中提取与现实问题相关的信息，并进行分析和整合。
针对实际问题，运用批判性思维提出合理的建议和解决方案。
V. 词块积累及应用
1. 绘制思维导图
1. 分支 1：Sea - related Terms（与海洋相关的术语）
1. 词汇：voyage（航行）, fleet（舰队）, merchant（商人）, spice（香料）, maritime（海的；海事的）
2. 用法：Zheng He led several large fleets on his voyages.（郑和率领几支庞大的舰队进行航行。）
3. 替换表达：journey（旅程，可指海上行程）, naval force（海军力量，与舰队相关）, trader（商人）, condiment（调味品，与香料意思相近）, oceanic（海洋的）
2. 分支 2：Diplomatic and Cooperation Words（外交与合作词汇）
1. 词汇：diplomatic relations（外交关系）, cooperation（合作）, initiative（倡议）, bond（纽带；联系）, negotiate（谈判；协商）
1. 用法：The Belt and Road Initiative promotes international cooperation.（“一带一路” 倡议促进国际合作。）
1. 替换表达：foreign relations（外交关系）, collaboration（合作）, proposal（提议，与倡议意思相近）, connection（联系）, bargain（讨价还价，在贸易协商情境中可替换 negotiate ）
3. 分支 3：Scientific Exploration Words（科学探索词汇）
1. 词汇：expedition（探险；考察）, exploration（探索）, scientific perspective（科学视角）, climate change（气候变化）, impact（影响）
1. 用法：China has joined several expeditions for Arctic exploration from a scientific perspective.（中国从科学视角出发，参与了多次北极考察探险活动。）
3. 替换表达：venture（冒险；探险）, discovery（发现，与探索相关）, scientific view（科学观点）, global warming（全球变暖，气候变化的一种常见表述）, effect（效果，可替换 impact ）
目的：帮助学生系统地整理与海洋探索相关的词汇，构建语义网络，加深对词块的记忆和理解，为语言运用打下基础。
阅读技能目标：
学会运用思维导图工具整理词汇，提高词汇学习的效率。
理解词块之间的语义关联，增强词汇记忆和运用的准确性
2. 迁移应用：
A. 请用以下词汇和表达介绍中国古代海上贸易对世界的影响
词汇：promote（促进）, exchange（交流）, enrich（丰富）, influence（影响）, establish（建立）
句型：Ancient Chinese maritime trade...; It not only... but also...; As a result...
示例：Ancient Chinese maritime trade played a significant role in the world. It not only promoted the exchange of goods like silk and spices between different regions but also established connections among various civilizations. As a result, it enriched the cultures of different countries and had a profound influence on the development of global trade.
目标： 让学生运用给定的词汇和句型，描述中国古代海上贸易的影响，提升学生运用英语表达历史事件和观点的能力
B. 模拟情境：假如你是古代丝绸之路上的一位商人，要与来自不同地区的商人进行贸易谈判，编写一段对话。
句型支持：We could negotiate the price of...; How about the quantity of... ; Let's reach an agreement on...
示例：
A: We could negotiate the price of this high - quality silk. It's from China, and you won't find such good quality elsewhere.
B: The quality is indeed good, but your price is a bit high. How about the quantity of spices I can get in exchange for a roll of silk
A: Let's reach an agreement on this. For one roll of silk, you can get five pounds of spices.
B: That seems reasonable. Deal!
目标： 通过模拟贸易谈判情境，培养学生在实际交流中运用所学词块进行沟通和协商的能力，增强语言的交际性。
C. 写一篇短文，描述 “一带一路” 倡议对当今世界的重要性，至少使用以下表达
词汇：cooperation（合作）, development（发展）, opportunity（机遇）, global（全球的）, strengthen（加强）
句型：The Belt and Road Initiative...; It provides... for...; By... ，it helps to...
示例写作框架：
开头：点明 “一带一路” 倡议的重要地位（The Belt and Road Initiative is of great significance in today's world. ）
中间：阐述其在促进合作、提供机遇等方面的作用（It provides opportunities for international cooperation in various fields such as trade and infrastructure building. By strengthening the connections between different countries, it helps to promote global development. ）
结尾：总结其对未来世界的积极影响（In the future, the Belt and Road Initiative will continue to play a crucial role in building a more prosperous and interconnected world. ）
目标：要求学生运用指定词汇和句型，撰写关于 “一带一路” 倡议重要性的短文，锻炼学生的写作能力和运用英语阐述观点的能力
目的：通过多种形式的练习，促使学生将积累的词块应用到不同的语言情境中，提高学生的语言综合运用能力。
阅读技能目标：
熟练运用所学词块进行书面和口头表达。
根据不同的任务要求，准确、恰当地运用语言知识进行交流和写作。人教版选必4 Unit3阅读单（学生版）
Reading Comprehension Worksheet（学生版）
选择性必修4 Unit3 Reading and Thinking
Reaching Out Across the Sea
I. Understanding and Main Idea Extraction（What文章理解与主旨提取）
1. A. Summarize the article in 1 - 2 sentences or choose the best summary.
B. “The article uses a ______ to depict the development of sea exploration, showing the progress from ______ in ancient times to ______ in modern times.”
2. A. Draw a chart that shows the development of sea - related trade routes in different periods. Label the key regions and trading activities.
B. Analyze the reasons behind the development of sea - related trade routes in different eras. Do you think these reasons are still relevant today Why
C. In the article, it mentions that “Trading has grown greatly in recent years, and will continue to do so in years to come.” Based on the content, what factors contribute to this growth
3. A. What was the significance of Zheng He's voyages in the history of sea exploration, and how did they impact cultural and trade exchanges
B. Read the following statements and decide if they are true or false:
The Belt and Road Initiative only focuses on sea - based trade.
C. There were no sea - based trade routes before the Ming Dynasty.
Marco Polo's tales had an impact on European sea exploration.
D. Paraphrase the following sentence: “To complete the great map of the world was a strong passion for the people of early civilisations.”
II. Emotional and Deeper Meaning Analysis（Why情感与深层意义分析）
A. Complete the sentence based on the text:
“The spirit of trade and curiosity in ancient sea exploration activities not only promoted the exchange of goods but also ______. In modern - day initiatives like the Belt and Road, this spirit continues to ______, strengthening global connections.”
B. How do you think the cultural exchanges during ancient sea - based trade influenced the development of different civilizations
C. Fill in the table below based on the text to show the long - term impact of different sea exploration periods:
Period Sea Exploration Activity Long - term Impact
Ancient times Established trade and cultural links that lasted for centuries, influencing the development of economies and cultures along the routes.
Ming Dynasty Extended China's influence globally, set up diplomatic relations, and left a historical legacy of large - scale sea exploration.
21st century Promotes contemporary global trade, cooperation, and scientific research, with the potential to reshape the economic and cultural landscape of connected regions.
D. Write a short paragraph explaining how the historical sea exploration experiences can inspire modern - day international cooperation
III. Structural Analysis and Creative Output（How结构分析与创造性输出）
1.
A. Complete the sentence:
“The article starts with the general motivation of sea exploration in human history, then ______. It further progresses to describe modern - day initiatives, finally ______.”
B. Write an essay discussing how the chronological structure of the article helps convey the long - term significance of sea exploration.
C. Discuss with your group how the use of historical examples in different sections of the article contributes to the overall argument.
IV. Critical Thinking and Application（批判性思维与实践运用）
A. Analyze the potential challenges that might be faced in implementing the Belt and Road Initiative, and suggest possible solutions.
B.
Considering the environmental impact of sea exploration, what measures should be taken to ensure sustainable development in future sea - related activities
V. 词块积累及应用
1. 绘制思维导图
1. 分支 1：Sea - related Terms（与海洋相关的术语）
1. 词汇：voyage（航行）, fleet（舰队）, merchant（商人）, spice（香料）, maritime（海的；海事的）
2. 用法：Zheng He led several large fleets on his voyages.（郑和率领几支庞大的舰队进行航行。）
3. 替换表达：journey（旅程，可指海上行程）, naval force（海军力量，与舰队相关）, trader（商人）, condiment（调味品，与香料意思相近）, oceanic（海洋的）
2. 分支 2：Diplomatic and Cooperation Words（外交与合作词汇）
1. 词汇：diplomatic relations（外交关系）, cooperation（合作）, initiative（倡议）, bond（纽带；联系）, negotiate（谈判；协商）
1. 用法：The Belt and Road Initiative promotes international cooperation.（“一带一路” 倡议促进国际合作。）
1. 替换表达：foreign relations（外交关系）, collaboration（合作）, proposal（提议，与倡议意思相近）, connection（联系）, bargain（讨价还价，在贸易协商情境中可替换 negotiate ）
3. 分支 3：Scientific Exploration Words（科学探索词汇）
1. 词汇：expedition（探险；考察）, exploration（探索）, scientific perspective（科学视角）, climate change（气候变化）, impact（影响）
1. 用法：China has joined several expeditions for Arctic exploration from a scientific perspective.（中国从科学视角出发，参与了多次北极考察探险活动。）
3. 替换表达：venture（冒险；探险）, discovery（发现，与探索相关）, scientific view（科学观点）, global warming（全球变暖，气候变化的一种常见表述）, effect（效果，可替换 impact ）
2. 迁移应用：
A. 请用以下词汇和表达介绍中国古代海上贸易对世界的影响
词汇：promote（促进）, exchange（交流）, enrich（丰富）, influence（影响）, establish（建立）
句型：Ancient Chinese maritime trade...; It not only... but also...; As a result...
示例：Ancient Chinese maritime trade played a significant role in the world. It not only promoted the exchange of goods like silk and spices between different regions but also established connections among various civilizations. As a result, it enriched the cultures of different countries and had a profound influence on the development of global trade.
B. 模拟情境：假如你是古代丝绸之路上的一位商人，要与来自不同地区的商人进行贸易谈判，编写一段对话。
句型支持：We could negotiate the price of...; How about the quantity of... ; Let's reach an agreement on...
示例：
A: We could negotiate the price of this high - quality silk. It's from China, and you won't find such good quality elsewhere.
B: The quality is indeed good, but your price is a bit high. How about the quantity of spices I can get in exchange for a roll of silk
A: Let's reach an agreement on this. For one roll of silk, you can get five pounds of spices.
B: That seems reasonable. Deal!
C. 写一篇短文，描述 “一带一路” 倡议对当今世界的重要性，至少使用以下表达
词汇：cooperation（合作）, development（发展）, opportunity（机遇）, global（全球的）, strengthen（加强）
句型：The Belt and Road Initiative...; It provides... for...; By... ，it helps to...
示例写作框架：
开头：点明 “一带一路” 倡议的重要地位（The Belt and Road Initiative is of great significance in today's world. ）
中间：阐述其在促进合作、提供机遇等方面的作用（It provides opportunities for international cooperation in various fields such as trade and infrastructure building. By strengthening the connections between different countries, it helps to promote global development. ）
结尾：总结其对未来世界的积极影响（In the future, the Belt and Road Initiative will continue to play a crucial role in building a more prosperous and interconnected world. ）
