Unit 1 Laugh out loud! Using language 课件(共22张PPT)-外研版（2019）选择性必修第一册

(共22张PPT)
Unit 1 Laugh out loud !
Non-defining Attributive Clauses
非限制性定语从句
Review
Draw a mind map of attributive clauses.
物:
人:
修饰名词或代词做定语的从句
先行词+关系词+从句
that, which, whose, as
that,who,whom,whose,as
when, where, why
非限制性？
定语从句
THE ATRIBUTIVE CLAUSE
定从的分类
限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句
我们一样吗？
我们不一样~
I like the boy.
I like the boy who is cleaning the room.
I like Tom, who is cleaning the room.
限制性定语从句
修饰限制先行词
翻译为“...的...”
非限制性定语从句
补充说明主句
翻译时另起一句
我喜欢那个正在打扫房间的男孩
我喜欢汤姆，他正在打扫房间
非限制性定语从句
关系代词 关系副词
限制性 人：that, who, whom 时间：when
物：which, as 地点：where
原因：why
所属：whose
非限制性 人：who, whom 时间：when
物：which, as 地点：where
所属：whose 原因：
是对先行词加以描述、解释或补充说明的定语从句。它不是句中不可或缺的部分，去掉此句不会影响主句意思的完整性。
概述
关系词
My sister who works in Shanghai sends me an email almost every day.
我在上海工作的姐姐几乎每天都给我发电子邮件。
（限制性定语从句）
My sister, who works in Shanghai, sends me an email almost every day.
我姐姐在上海工作，几乎每天都给我发电子邮件。
（非限制性定语从句）
1.逗号和翻译
Something that is important should be remembered.
The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.
2.先行词：
先行词是名词
先行词是代词
They won the first prize, which made his mum happy.
先行词是句子
限制性定语从句的先行词常常是名词或代词。
非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是名词或代词，也可以是短语或整个句子。
The book (that/which) I bought yesterday is very interesting.
3.关系词
The man (whom/who/that) I saw at the park is my boss.
The city, which we visited last year, is very beautiful.
【限制性定语从句】
【非限制性定语从句】
限制性定语从句关系代词作宾语时可省略，非限制性定语从句所有关系代词均不可省略
The man who/that is talking to John is my uncle .
3.关系词
The book which/that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.
非限制性定语从句关系代词不能用that
The man, who is talking to John, is my uncle.
The book, which I borrowed from the library, is very interesting.
He gave a reason, why he was absent from the meeting.
3.关系词
He gave a reason why he was absent from the meeting.
非限制性定语从句关系副词不用why，用for which去替换。
I don't know the reason why she is so angry.
I don't know the reason, for which she is so angry.
The man who/that/whom she is talking to is my uncle .
3.关系词
非限制性定语从句关系代词不能用that/who去替换whom
The man, whom she is talking to, is my uncle.
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别
限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句
从句与先行词不需要用逗号隔开，译成一句话
从句与先行词需要用逗号隔开,可译成两句话
先行词是名词或代词 先行词可以是名词，代词或整个主句
关系代词有时可以省略（作宾语时） 关系代词不可以省略
关系词可以用that,why 关系词不可以用that,why
(for which)
whom可用who或that代替 whom不可被代替
1.非限制性定语从句常常位于句末,但也可位于句中, 这时前后都需要用逗号隔开。
The children, who wanted to play football, were disappointed when it rained. 那些孩子都想踢足球,（因而）因下雨感到失望。
2.“介词+关系代词”也可以引导非限制性定语从句。
先行词指人时, 关系代词用whom, 不可用who/that
先行词指物时, 关系代词用which, 不能用that。
非限制性定语从句需要注意的问题
常见的as引导非限制性定语从句句型
As we all know，正如我们都知道的
As is known to all 正如我们都知道的
as is expected 不出所料
as is often the case 这是经常发生的/这是常有的事
as is reported正如报道的
As the saying goes, 俗话说
as you can see正如你看到的
As everyone knows, China is a country with a long history.
She is a great hero, as is described in the report.
He invited me to dinner, which made me very happy.
This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching.
观察并思考：关系词as和which的区别？
归纳 ：
as和which在引导非限制性定语从句时可代替整个主句。
as和which引导非限制性定语从句时的位置不同:
as引导的定语从句可置于___________________，而which引导的非限制性定语从句不可放在_______。
句首、句中、句后
句首
限制性定语从句如何做题？
1.划分主从句
2.找出先行词
3.补全从句
判断是否缺少主干成分
是
否
缺主语：指人 Who/that
指物 which/that
充当定语：指人/物 whose
缺宾语：
指人 Who/that/whom/不填
指物 which/that/不填
充当状语：when/where/why
Practice
1. She heard a terrible noise, _________frightened her.
2. She heard a terrible noise ____________ frightened her.
3. I had told them the reason, _________ I didn't attend the meeting.
4. I had told them the reason _______________ I didn't attend the meeting.
5. He was eager to go to the hospital to see his stepmother,_________ he loved and respected as his own mother.
6. He was eager to go to the hospital to see his stepmother________________ he loved and respected as his own mother.
7. Do you know Tom ________________ we talked about
8. Do you know Tom, _________ we talked about
which
which/that
for which
why/for which
whom
（who/whom/that）
(who/whom/that)
whom
单句语法填空
9. Things will turn out contrary to one's wishes, __________is often the case.
10.English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of 　　　　 uses it differently.
11. The car, for ___________ I paid a lot of money, is now out of date.
12. I suggest you go to a specialist(专家), from___________ you can get answers to most of your questions.
13. In this chapter(章节), one of our problems is to discover the principles on
______ these tests are based.
14.　　 is known to everybody, laughter is healthier than anger .
as
which
whom
which
As
which
Read the passage and rewrite the tips using non-defining attributive clauses.
Go for a walk in the countryside, where you can enjoy the beautiful views and a peaceful atmosphere.
Spend time with your family and friends, which will activate(激活) chemicals in your brain to make you feel happier.
Try to accept your mistakes, where / through which you can learn a lot.
Close your eyes and picture the future, where you’ve made your dreams come true.
Activity 3 Exercises
Read the joke and complete it with the sentence parts in the box using who / which and put commas in the correct position.
1. , who is lying next to him
2. , which he finds annoying
3. , which he thinks will impress Holmes
4. , who has lost his patience by now
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