第3讲 技法3——逻辑关系
【真题典例】
A
[文章大意] 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了高效沟通的技巧,强调了在传递信息时需要简洁、清晰,并考虑受众的兴趣和需求,以确保信息能够准确传达并引起受众的关注。
1.C 空前提到,沟通不要做得太多、太复杂。后文提到“Being clear and brief…”,强调沟通需要简明扼要。因此C项“最好的信息往往是简单的。”符合语境。故选C项。
2.D 由本段标题可知,本段内容以观众为主。空前提到,观众会对你专门为其定制的内容更感兴趣。空后提到,这会让观众更有互动的欲望。空格处应当与this指代的内容有关。D项“直接向观众传达对他们重要的信息。”符合语境。故选D项。
3.G 空后句子包含转折词however,说明空格处的内容与“…hearing it for the first time.”有转折关系。选项G“作为讲话者,你已经知道自己要说什么。”恰好与之构成转折。故选G项。
4.B 段内提到,让听众提出自己的想法,参与沟通,主持讨论和会议。B选项“让听众参与进来。”符合语境。故选B项。
5.F 该段标题为“考虑传递信息的最佳办法。”,由此可推理出该段内容与最佳办法相关。空前句子提到如果你要传递的信息并不紧急,可以考虑发送电子邮件这一书面信息的方式,这是一个最佳的办法。空前还提到这个最佳办法可以给受众更多的时间去处理信息。选项F“It will also give them a handy record to refer back to.”可以作为前文的补充,即进一步补充了书面信息的优势——它为受众提供了一个便于回顾的记录。故选F项。
B
[文章大意] 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了适度饮食。
1.F 上文“Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full.”指出,进餐时不要吃太饱,吃东西要适量。下文“But it doesn’t mean saying goodbye to the foods you love.”指出,适量进食不是要放弃吃自己喜欢的食物。F项“对我们许多人来说,适度意味着比我们现在吃的食物要少。”解释了何为适量饮食,承上启下,符合文意,选项中的means与下文呼应。故选F项。
2.C 根据上文“Take your time. It’s important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings.”可推知,本段主要建议读者吃东西要细嚼慢咽,不要过于急躁。C项“上班路上不要狼吞虎咽。”承接上文,符合文意。故选C项。
3.E 上文“It’s more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies.”指出,如果随时都有不健康的食物在手,要适度饮食就更具有挑战性,E项“相反,让自己周围充满健康的选择。”符合文意,建议读者选择健康的食物,选项中的healthy与上文中的unhealthy相对应。故选E项。
4.B 根据本段首句“Control emotional (情绪的) eating.”以及下文“Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom.”可推知,本段主要建议读者不要情绪化地暴饮暴食,要健康饮食。B项“我们吃东西并不总是为了充饥。”引出下文有些人通过食物发泄情绪,符合语境。故选B项。
5.A 设空处位于段首,总结全段,下文“A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy up all day. Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14—16 hours until breakfast the next morning.”指出,我们在一天中的每个时间段都要健康饮食。A项“一整天都要适当饮食。”符合语境。故选A项。
【模拟演练】
A
[文章大意] 本文是一篇说明文,主要讲述了社区花园在当今社会中的重要作用,包括为人们提供逃离城市喧嚣的空间、促进不同背景的人交流、保护生物多样性、保障食物安全以及有益身心健康等。
1.F 根据上文“In a world facing serious environmental challenges and a growing disconnection from nature, community gardens have emerged as drivers for positive changes. These gardens are beneficial to urban residents and play an important role in shaping an environmentally sustainable society.”可知,选项承接上文继续说明社区花园对居民的益处。F选项“它们让人们与自然互动,与彼此互动,享受更好的生活”符合语境。故选 F项。
2. C 根据上文“Community gardens offer an escape from the chaos of fast-paced urban life.”可知,选项承接上文说明社区花园的作用。故C选项“更重要的是,它们让个人与自然重新建立联系”符合语境。故选C项。
3. A 根据上文“Community gardens serve as inclusive spaces where people from diverse backgrounds come together with a shared passion for nature and sustainability.”以及下文“They provide a friendly environment for social bonds. As gardeners tend to plants side by side, they build meaningful connections, making community gardens not just places for growing plants but also for nurturing relationships.”可知,选项承接上下文说明这些空间不仅仅是物理意义上的花园,还具有更多的社会意义。故A选项“这些空间超越了单纯的物理花园”符合语境。故选A项。
4. B 根据下文“Through local, organic and sustainable practices, community gardeners take an active role in securing their food sources while reducing the environmental impact associated with conventional agriculture and long-distance transportation.”可知,选项引起下文说明社区花园在粮食方面产生的作用。故B选项“这些花园还解决了粮食安全这一紧迫问题”符合语境。故选 B项。
5. G 根据下文“…encouraging a positive and sustainable approach to nutrition.”可知,选项应与下文话题一致,说明花园里种植的新鲜农产品有助于健康饮食。故G选项“此外,花园里种植的新鲜农产品有助于健康饮食”符合语境。healthier diet呼应sustainable approach to nutrition。故选G项。
B
[文章大意] 本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕 “人们为何喜欢不同类型的音乐” 展开,介绍了音乐的作用,探讨了音乐偏好的多种影响因素。
1. B 根据后文“At the same time, music can also help us feel like part of a group or a culture, especially one that shares an interest in a certain kind of music.”可知,音乐能帮助我们感觉自己是某个群体或文化的一部分,故本句是在说明音乐可以成为身份的一部分,B选项“音乐可以成为我们身份的一部分。”符合语境,故选B项。
2. D 根据“Musicians leave behind a footprint with their music.”可知,上文提到了音乐家,D选项中的they指代上文的musicians。故D选项“他们在人们的生活中留下了永久的印记。”符合语境,故选D项。
3. F 根据上文“We may also find that the music we like is strongly tied to our memory. Maybe there was a song that someone sang to us when we were little that brings up good memories.”可知,音乐可以勾起美好的回忆,同样它也能唤起悲伤的回忆。F选项“其他时候,我们可能会发现音乐能唤起悲伤的回忆。”符合语境,故选F项。
4. E 根据上文“When we listen to music that we like, a chemical called dopamine is sometimes released in the brain, which can make us feel good.”可知,本句与上文构成因果关系,指出喜欢的音乐让我们感觉良好,所以我们喜欢重复听。E选项“因此,我们可能想要重复听一首歌。”符合语境,故选E项。
5. G 根据上文“But the truth is, we don’t know all the exact answers to why people like different kinds of music—or sports, or food, or colours.”可知,本句承接上文说明影响偏好的因素有很多。G选项“有很多不同的因素可以影响我们的偏好。”符合语境,故选G项。第3讲 技法3——逻辑关系
一篇文章往往是一个有机的整体,各部分之间存在着一定的联系。从逻辑意义上来看,句子与句子之间常常有并列、顺承、递进、转折、总分、解释、因果、过渡、例证等关系,有时甚至包含不止一种这样的关系。因此,理解阅读材料时一定要把握文章脉络,弄清其中的逻辑关系。如果文中或选项中出现了逻辑关系词,考生就可以利用其来进行推理判断;如果文中或选项中未出现逻辑关系词,这就需要考生全面理解文章大意,根据上下文语境弄清文章内在的逻辑关系,做出正确的判断。
逻辑关系导图:
并列关系
[2025·全国一卷节选]
Catherine Murphy, a cafe worker in a green shirt and black hat, makes sure that each customer gets exactly what they order. She goes back and forth between machines to make the drinks. As the customer grabs the drink from her hand, she smiles and says, “Hello, how is your day ” Even when the line is getting longer, she doesn’t let it get in the way of her genuine conversations.
A.The cafe closes at 9 pm every day.
B.She has two children aged eight and four.
C.Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early.
D.After finishing an order, she calls out the name on the cup.
E.Not only does this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves up smiles.
F.Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class.
G.She has served here for 17 years and can’t imagine working anywhere else.
[解析] 前文描述 Catherine 制作饮品的动作goes back and forth between machines to make the drinks,后文则是顾客接过饮品的场景As the customer grabs the drink from her hand。空处需补充 “制作完成后” 的中间环节。选项 D“After finishing an order, she calls out the name on the cup.”中finishing an order承接make the drinks, calls out the name引出顾客取餐的场景,形成 “制作→叫号→交付” 的完整流程,符合顺承逻辑。故选D项。
递进关系
[2023·全国甲卷节选]
●Practise gratitude(感激)
Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic. . “Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California.
A.Find your causes
B.Start with small tasks
C.Accept the uncomfortable
D.All this adds up to a state of hurry
E.It can also help us practise more patience
F.This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable
G.They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience
[解析] 根据空前句“Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic.”可知,这些都是感激的益处。空后“Showing thankfulness can foster self-control…”提出表现感激之情可以培养自我控制能力,故空处同样是在说感激的益处,故选项E“It can also help us practise more patience”(它也可以帮助我们培养更多的耐心)符合语境,其中also表示递进关系。故选E项。
转折关系
[2025·浙江1月考节选]
·Don’t use ten words when one will do.
Even the most engaged and committed audience will eventually get bored. Keeping your message simple and clear will make it easier for people to understand. However, they’re hearing it for the first time. Keep it simple.
A.Be patient.
B.Get the audience involved.
C.The best messages are often simple.
D.Speak directly to what matters to them.
E.You may be surprised by what your listeners offer.
F.It will also give them a handy record to refer back to.
G.As the speaker, you already know what you’re going to say.
[解析] 空后句子包含转折词however,说明空格处的内容与“…hearing it for the first time.”有转折关系。选项G“作为讲话者,你已经知道自己要说什么。”恰好与之构成转折。故选G项。
因果关系
[2023·浙江1月考节选]
Arrive early. Most trains operate just once a day and some run only three times a week, so missing yours can be a disaster. Note: the times listed on the schedules are departure times, not arrival times.
A.Train trips aren’t for impatient types.
B.You’ll have views from both sides of the train.
C.The temperature on rail cars is often hard to control.
D.That’s particularly true during busy summer months.
E.You might have to wait longer than 24 hours to catch the next one.
F.The chances are the cost will be a lot less than the cost of one bedroom.
G.He may also book you in a sleeping car that’s right next to the diner.
[解析] 根据上文“Arrive early. Most trains operate just once a day and some run only three times a week, so missing yours can be a disaster.”以及下文“Note: the times listed on the schedules are departure times, not arrival times.”可知,本段提醒人们要提前到达,错过火车是一件很麻烦的事情,E项中“You might have to wait longer…”说明错过火车所导致的结果,因此推断E项“你可能要等超过24个小时才能赶上下一班。”符合语境。故选E项。
例证关系
[2025·全国二卷节选]
·You’ll have more time with family.
Families who volunteer together have the unique experience of working towards a common goal. Everyone brings something unique to the table and can connect with each other in a new way. And, there are tasks for every age and ability, so all your children can feel proud of their work.
A.Helping the community lowers rates of depression.
B.Volunteering as a family may be just the thing you need.
C.Volunteering has a lifelong effect on kids and teenagers.
D.Volunteering can be the first step in breaking down prejudice.
E.For adults, volunteering can provide significant physical health benefits.
F.You may even learn that your kid has a talent you didn’t know about before.
G.Volunteering makes you feel capable and inspires you to make the most of each day.
[解析] 前文提到“一起做志愿工作的家庭有为共同目标努力的独特经历”,空处需用具体例子说明 “独特经历”。选项 F“You may even learn that your kid has a talent you didn’t know about before.” 中,“发现你以前不知道的孩子的天赋” 是具体例证,通过even强化 “独特性”,符合例证逻辑。故选F项。
A [2025·浙江1月考]
文体:说明文 主题:人与社会 词数:264
One of the most common mistakes in communication is trying to do too much. 1. There’s no value in delivering any kind of communication, whether written, spoken, formal, or informal, if the message doesn’t come across clearly. Being clear and brief—while maintaining interest and including everything your listeners need to know—is a high-level communication skill.
Here are some tips worth following in order to communicate more effectively.
·Keep your audience in mind.
Your audience will naturally be more interested and engaged when you tailor your communications to their interests. 2. This will engage their desire to understand and interact with the information.
·Don’t use ten words when one will do.
Even the most engaged and committed audience will eventually get bored. Keeping your message simple and clear will make it easier for people to understand.3. However, they’re hearing it for the first time. Keep it simple.
·4.
If you’ve ever worked as an instructor, manager, trainer or coach, you’ll know that there are few better ways to learn new information than to teach it. Ask the audience to contribute their ideas or to take a role in explaining new concepts and policies to others. Allow them to lead discussions and meetings to develop their communication skills.
·Consider the best method to deliver your message.
If the information you’re communicating isn’t urgent, consider sending an e-mail. Written communication will give your audience more time to review it, think it over, and follow up with questions. 5.
Building effective communication skills takes time, but the effects are worth the effort.
A.Be patient.
B.Get the audience involved.
C.The best messages are often simple.
D.Speak directly to what matters to them.
E.You may be surprised by what your listeners offer.
F.It will also give them a handy record to refer back to.
G.As the speaker, you already know what you’re going to say.
B [2024·全国甲卷]
文体:说明文 主题:人与自我 词数:260
What is moderation(适度) Basically,it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. 1. But it doesn’t mean saying goodbye to the foods you love.
Take your time. It’s important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings.2. It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full.
Eat with others whenever possible. Eating alone, especially in front of the TV or computer, often leads to mindless overeating. And be careful about the foods you keep at hand. It’s more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. 3.
Control emotional(情绪的)eating. 4. Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom. But by learning healthier ways to manage emotions, you can regain control over the food you eat and your feelings.
5. A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢),while eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy up all day. Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14—16 hours until breakfast the next morning. Studies suggest that eating only when you’re most active and giving your digestive system a long break each day may help to regulate weight.
A.Eat properly throughout the day.
B.We don’t always eat just to satisfy hunger.
C.Don’t swallow a meal on the way to work.
D.Most of us need to double the amount we eat.
E.Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices.
F.For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now.
G.That won’t lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan.
A.派生词
1.nutritious adj.有营养的
2.mindless adj.无意识的
3.unhealthy adj.不健康的
4.digestive adj.消化的
B.熟词生义
1.come across (熟义) 偶遇→(生义)被理解;被弄懂(A,Para.1)
2.tailor (熟义) n.裁缝→(生义)v.定制;调整(A,Para.3)
3.fast (熟义) adj.快的→(生义)v.禁食;斋戒(B,Para.5)
C.长难句分析
1.There’s no value in delivering any kind of communication,whether written, spoken, formal, or informal, if the message doesn’t come across clearly.(A,Para.1)
【分析】 这是一个复合句,包含主句、条件状语从句和插入语。主句There’s no value in…(做……毫无意义。)是there be句型,动名词短语delivering…communication作介词in的宾语;whether written, spoken, formal, or informal是插入语;if the message doesn’t come across clearly是条件状语从句。
【译文】 如果不能清晰地理解信息,那么任何形式的沟通——无论是书面的、口头的、正式的还是非正式的——都毫无意义。
2.It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full. (B, Para.2)
【分析】 这是一个由 so连接的并列复合句。前一分句中it是形式主语,指代后面真正的主语to tell your body that it has had enough food,其中that it has had enough food是宾语从句;后一分句eat slowly and stop eating是并列祈使句,before you feel full是时间状语从句。
【译文】 实际上,大脑需要几分钟才能告诉你的身体已经吃饱了,所以要慢慢吃,在感到饱之前停下来。
A [2025·四川成都高三“三诊”模拟]
文体:说明文 主题:人与社会 词数:235
In a world facing serious environmental challenges and a growing disconnection from nature, community gardens have emerged as drivers for positive changes. These gardens are beneficial to urban residents and play an important role in shaping an environmentally sustainable society. 1. .
Community gardens offer an escape from the chaos of fast-paced urban life. 2. , creating a sense of peacefulness and inner balance. The simple act of digging hands into soil, planting seeds and witnessing the wonder of growth brings a sense of satisfaction and purpose.
Community gardens serve as inclusive spaces where people from diverse backgrounds come together with a shared passion for nature and sustainability. 3. . They provide a friendly environment for social bonds. As gardeners tend to plants side by side, they build meaningful connections, making community gardens not just places for growing plants but also for nurturing relationships.
In an era of rapid urbanization, community gardens act as a shelter for plants, insects and birds. The biodiversity they support contributes to the overall health of urban ecosystems.4. . Through local, organic and sustainable practices, community gardeners take an active role in securing their food sources while reducing the environmental impact associated with conventional agriculture and long-distance transportation.
Beyond the psychological benefits, community gardens offer advantages for physical health as well. Gardening involves various physical activities such as planting, weeding and harvesting, which provide gentle exercise and promote overall well-being. 5. , encouraging a positive and sustainable approach to nutrition.
A.These spaces go beyond mere physical gardens
B.These gardens also address the pressing issue of food security
C.More importantly, they allow individuals to reconnect with nature
D.Community gardens create an atmosphere for knowledge-sharing
E.The harvest can even be celebrated and shared among all members
F.They allow people to interact with nature and with each other and enjoy a better life
G.Additionally, the fresh produce grown in the gardens contributes to a healthier diet
B [2025·湖北部分高中协作体高三三模]
文体:说明文 主题:人与社会 词数:255
There are hundreds of genres (流派) of music, so while some might like one kind, others might like something completely different. Why do people like different kinds of music
1. At the same time, music can also help us feel like part of a group or a culture, especially one that shares an interest in a certain kind of music.
Music can also be nostalgic; that is, it creates a kind of longing for the past. Musicians leave behind a footprint with their music. 2. Even long after the musicians are gone, people still find something in the musicians’ recordings that they can enjoy.
We may also find that the music we like is strongly tied to our memory. Maybe there was a song that someone sang to us when we were little that brings up good memories. 3.
When we listen to music that we like, a chemical called dopamine is sometimes released in the brain, which can make us feel good. 4. There are some algorithms (算法) today that can help pick up on the kind of music we like. When we are streaming music, some programs will let us like or dislike songs.
People’s taste in music can remain the same in their whole life or it can change many times. But the truth is, we don’t know all the exact answers to why people like different kinds of music—or sports, or food, or colours. 5. We are all different people who like different things.
A.It’s music to our ears.
B.Music can be a part of our identity.
C.It becomes a mirror that we are holding up.
D.They leave a permanent mark in people’s lives.
E.Therefore, we might want to listen to a song on repeat.
F.Other times, we might find music can bring up sad memories.
G.There are lots of different factors that can influence our preferences.
A.派生词
1.inclusive adj.包容性的
2.permanent adj.永久的
3.preference n.偏好;喜好
B.合成词
1.fast-paced adj.快节奏的
2.long-distance adj.长途的
3.knowledge-sharing n.知识共享
C.熟词生义
1.driver (熟义) n.司机→(生义)n.推动因素(A,Para.1)
2.tend (熟义) v.倾向于→(生义)v.照料;护理(A,Para.3)
3.footprint (熟义) n.脚印→(生义)n.持久影响(influence)(B,Para.3)
4.pick up on (熟义) 重提(要点)→(生义)识别;察觉(B,Para.5)
5.mirror (熟义) n.镜子→(生义)n.写照;反映某种情况的事物(reflection)(B,选项)
D.长难句分析
Through local, organic and sustainable practices, community gardeners take an active role in securing their food sources while reducing the environmental impact associated with conventional agriculture and long-distance transportation.(A,Para.4)
【分析】 本句包含方式状语、主句和状语从句的省略结构。句子的主句是community gardeners take an active role in securing their food sources,through local, organic and sustainable practices作方式状语,while引导的是一个状语从句的省略形式,省略了主语和be动词;过去分词短语associated with…作定语,修饰environmental impact。
【译文】 通过本地、有机和可持续的种植方式,社区园丁在保障食物来源的方面发挥着积极作用,同时减少了与传统农业和长途运输相关的环境影响。训练(十七)
A
[文章大意] 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过小时候在一次戏剧表演中成功扮演了一个小角色的经历告诉我们生活中每个孩子都有机会取得成功。
1.B 根据空前的句子“I desperately wanted to play the role of Becky, the female lead who was Tom’s girlfriend.”可知,作者非常想扮演贝基这个角色,但是根据空后的句子“For starters, Becky had to sing numerous solos, and I couldn’t carry a tune in a bucket. I also didn’t have long blonde curls like pretty Linda Wright who won the part.”可知,因为作者自身的条件,她演贝基这个角色是不可能的。由空格前后的内容可知,空格处的句子是一个承上启下的句子,所以B项“It was not to be.”(这是不可能的。)符合题意。故选B项。
2.F 根据空后的句子“Miss Watson was onstage in quite a few scenes, and got to repeat ‘That’s what I say.’ throughout the play.”可知,作者虽然扮演的是个小角色,但是,作者认为对她来说是好事,因为出场多而且她只需要说一句台词“那就是我说的。”。F项“There was an advantage, in my opinion, though.”(不过,在我看来,这还是有好处的。)符合题意,空后的句子是对空格处句子的解释。故选F项。
3.D 根据空前的句子“Imagine my surprise when Miss Watson made the audience laugh out loud each time I piped in with ‘That’s what I say.’. I hadn’t known that she—or I—could be funny, or that her character was important in moving the plot along.”可知,作者扮演的沃森小姐很受欢迎、很成功。D项“My Miss Watson turned out to be a hit.”(我的沃森小姐结果很受欢迎。)符合题意。故选D项。
4.A 由空前的句子“Each person, onstage and backstage, is essential in theatre. Without everyone doing their part, the play would be dull as dirt.”可知,作者认为在戏剧中,台上和后台的每个人都是必不可少的。根据空后的句子“If everyone’s a star then nothing gets done. It’s all noise and chaos.”可知,作者把演戏和生活联系在一起,生活中也不可能人人都是明星。所以,空格处的句子应该是一个承上启下的句子,A项“So it is in life.”(在生活中也是如此。)符合题意。故选A项。
5.G 由第四段的句子“Imagine my surprise when Miss Watson made the audience laugh out loud each time I piped in with ‘That’s what I say.’. I hadn’t known that she—or I—could be funny, or that her character was important in moving the plot along.”可知,作者扮演的沃森小姐很受欢迎、很成功。再由空前的句子“And so I believe all children should get the opportunity to play Miss Watson, to become someone they didn’t know they wanted to be.”可知,作者认为所有的孩子都应该有机会扮演沃森小姐,也就是说所有的孩子都有机会成功。G项“I would hope all children could be a hit in life.”(我希望所有的孩子都能在生活中成功。)符合题意。故选G项。
B
[文章大意] 本文是一篇说明文,主要讲述了我们如何在网上辨别新闻的真伪。
1.G 根据上文“Across social media, posts can fly up faster than most fact-checkers can handle, and they are often an unpredictable mix of truth, falsehood, and information taken out of context.”可知,在社交媒体上,信息传播非常快,真假难辨,G项“The rapid spread of easily accessible AI tools is muddying the waters even further.”(能够轻松获取的人工智能工具的快速普及正在进一步把水搅浑。)提到AI工具的快速传播加剧了这一问题,与下文“How do you know what to trust and what not to share ”讲“如何判断什么该信任与什么不该分享”形成逻辑衔接,符合语境。故选G项。
2.A 根据下文“Think about who would benefit from spreading confusing information during a news event. During elections, for example, look out for conflicting information and baseless accusations that may benefit one political party or candidate.”和“Some is created just for fun or to troll (恶搞) people…”可知,第二段讨论错误信息的传播动机(如选举中的政治利益),A项“Know why misinformation exists.”(知道错误信息存在的原因。)概括了本段内容,适合做本段小标题。故选A项。
3.B 根据下文“That’s because they are waiting until information is confirmed and accurate.”可知,新闻媒体会比社交媒体谨慎,B项“News outlets may seem slower than social media.”(新闻媒体可能看起来比社交媒体慢。)与下文形成因果关系,符合语境,下文they指代选项中news outlets。故选B项。
4.D 根据上文“Tech companies are pushing their voice assistants and AI chatbot tools as a way to get the latest news.”可知,科技公司在推动他们的语音助手和人工智能聊天工具,再结合下文“They can be incorrect, out of date or simply copying words from sources with little credit or visibility.”可知,AI工具可能提供错误或过时信息,D项“Do not rely on these features for accurate information.”(不要依赖这些工具来获取准确的信息。)直接否定了AI的可靠性,与下文的警告呼应,符合语境。故选D项。
5.F 根据上文“Some chatbots even have started adding disclaimers (免责声明) around breaking news events, advising readers to look elsewhere for new information.”可知,一些聊天程序建议读者在其他地方寻找新信息,F项“So going directly to news sources will ensure you get more accurate information.”(因此,直接去看新闻来源将确保你获得更准确的信息。)自然承接此建议,总结应对策略,符合语境。故选F项。
C
[文章大意] 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述了摄影不仅仅是一种艺术形式,它还可以作为一种强大的治疗工具。本文主要介绍Photo Therapy 和 therapeutic photography两种方式。
1.G 根据上文“Photo Therapy and therapeutic photography are gaining recognition for their potential to support emotional processing, self-expression, and mental health.”可知,Photo Therapy 和 therapeutic photography两种方式对心理健康都有帮助,由此推断空格处应体现它们的作用是不一样的,选项G“While they sound similar, they have distinct applications that make them uniquely beneficial”(虽然它们听起来相似,但它们的应用不同,使得它们具有独特益处)能承接上文,也是对下文的总结,符合语境。故选G项。
2.D 根据本段首句“Photo Therapy refers to the structured use of photographs in a professional counseling (咨询) setting.”可知,照片可以在专业治疗中起作用;再根据下文“…as photographs can act as mediators (中介), allowing them to touch on challenging topics from a more comfortable distance and helping them uncover feelings and memories.”可知,空格处应体现照片的作用。选项D“Using a photo for conversations gives clients a sense of safety”(在对话中使用照片可以给客户一种安全感)起着承上启下的作用,符合语境。故选D项。
3.F 根据上文“Unlike Photo Therapy, which requires a trained professional, therapeutic photography is an independent or group activity that anyone can engage in to support mental health.”可知,therapeutic photography 是一种更独立、专业要求更低的治疗方法。选项F“This approach involves taking photographs or creating photo-based projects”(这种方法包括拍摄照片或创建基于照片的项目)具体阐述了这种方法,承接上文,并引出下文的capturing images。故选F项。
4.E 根据上文“The act of creating can also help people process their emotions and tell their stories.”可知,摄影能够在情绪上去帮助人们。选项E“A famous blog highlights how photography can serve as a visual journal”(一个著名的博客强调了摄影是如何起到视觉日志的作用的)说明照片可以充当视觉日志来表达人们内心的情感,引出下文“…which allows individuals to share feelings they may struggle to express in words.”。故选E项。
5.C 根据上文“Whether guided by a therapist or pursued independently, photography is an accessible way to support well-being.”可知,摄影对精神健康有好处。选项C“It bridges the gap between art and mental health”(它架起了艺术和心理健康之间的桥梁)中it指代前一句话中的photography,符合语境。故选C项。训练(十七) 逻辑关系法
A [2025·湖北襄阳随州八校高三三模]
文体:夹叙夹议文 主题:人与自我 词数:279
My heart went out to the drama teacher I read about in a recent news item. Each parent from her class insisted that she cast their own child as Snow White. This reminded me of my seventh grade musical—The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. I desperately wanted to play the role of Becky, the female lead who was Tom’s girlfriend. 1.
For starters, Becky had to sing numerous solos, and I couldn’t carry a tune in a bucket. I also didn’t have long blonde curls like pretty Linda Wright who won the part.
I was assigned the non-singing role of Miss Watson, the maid. I had to wear an ugly dress. And I had only one line to learn, “That’s what I say.” 2. Miss Watson was onstage in quite a few scenes, and got to repeat “That’s what I say.” throughout the play.
At last, our production was put onstage. Imagine my surprise when Miss Watson made the audience laugh out loud each time I piped in with “That’s what I say.”. I hadn’t known that she—or I—could be funny, or that her character was important in moving the plot along. 3.
That night, I began to understand that being the star may not be any more fun than being a stand-out in a supporting role. Each person, onstage and backstage, is essential in theatre. Without everyone doing their part, the play would be dull as dirt. 4. If everyone’s a star then nothing gets done. It’s all noise and chaos.
And so I believe all children should get the opportunity to play Miss Watson, to become someone they didn’t know they wanted to be. 5.
A.So it is in life.
B.It was not to be.
C.It was anything but a great part.
D.My Miss Watson turned out to be a hit.
E.It took the entire cast to make a good show.
F.There was an advantage, in my opinion, though.
G.I would hope all children could be a hit in life.
B [2025·河南开封高三三模]
文体:说明文 主题:人与社会 词数:282
Anyone with an Internet connection can watch breaking news, or at least some version of it. Across social media, posts can fly up faster than most fact-checkers can handle, and they are often an unpredictable mix of truth, falsehood, and information taken out of context. 1. How do you know what to trust and what not to share Here are some basic tools everyone should use when consuming breaking news online.
2. Think about who would benefit from spreading confusing information during a news event. During elections, for example, look out for conflicting information and baseless accusations that may benefit one political party or candidate. Of course, not all misinformation is serious. Some is created just for fun or to troll (恶搞) people, so be as sceptical of silly stories as serious ones.
Slow down while reading or watching. Social media is built for things to go viral, for users to quickly share before they are even done reading the words. No matter how shocking, enlightening or annoying a TikTok or YouTube video is, you must wait before passing it on to your network. 3. That’s because they are waiting until information is confirmed and accurate. So assume everything is suspect until you confirm its authenticity (真实性).
Don’t use AI to get news. Tech companies are pushing their voice assistants and AI chatbot tools as a way to get the latest news. 4. They can be incorrect, out of date or simply copying words from sources with little credit or visibility. Some chatbots even have started adding disclaimers (免责声明) around breaking news events, advising readers to look elsewhere for new information. 5.
A.Know why misinformation exists.
B.News outlets may seem slower than social media.
C.Question why you want to share it in the first place.
D.Do not rely on these features for accurate information.
E.Do a Google search for the person or organization’s name.
F.So going directly to news sources will ensure you get more accurate information.
G.The rapid spread of easily accessible AI tools is muddying the waters even further.
C [2025·安徽蚌埠高三二模]
文体:说明文 主题:人与自我 词数:282
Photography is more than an art form; it can also serve as a powerful therapeutic (治疗的) tool. Photo Therapy and therapeutic photography are gaining recognition for their potential to support emotional processing, self-expression, and mental health. 1. .
Photo Therapy refers to the structured use of photographs in a professional counseling (咨询) setting. Therapists guide clients through interactions with personal images, including family photographs, self-portraits, or even abstract visuals, to explore emotions and experiences. The therapeutic process might include interpreting the symbolic meaning of a photo, discussing how it makes the client feel, or using it to explore relationships. 2. , as photographs can act as mediators (中介), allowing them to touch on challenging topics from a more comfortable distance and helping them uncover feelings and memories.
Unlike Photo Therapy, which requires a trained professional, therapeutic photography is an independent or group activity that anyone can engage in to support mental health. 3. . As noted on the Photo Therapy Centre website, capturing images encourages mindfulness, as it draws individuals into the present moment and helps them focus on their environment.
The act of creating can also help people process their emotions and tell their stories. 4. , which allows individuals to share feelings they may struggle to express in words. Engaging in photography can build confidence and self-awareness, giving individuals a sense of achievement as they create something visible and meaningful.
Whether guided by a therapist or pursued independently, photography is an accessible way to support well-being. 5. . For those looking to explore their emotions or seek new paths to self-discovery, picking up a camera might be the first step towards a brighter and healthier future.
A.These approaches are closely related
B.Some clients tend to hide their memories
C.It bridges the gap between art and mental health
D.Using a photo for conversations gives clients a sense of safety
E.A famous blog highlights how photography can serve as a visual journal
F.This approach involves taking photographs or creating photo-based projects
G.While they sound similar, they have distinct applications that make them uniquely beneficial
A.词汇积累
1.numerous adj.许多的
2.onstage adj./adv. 舞台上的/在舞台上
3.stand-out n.突出的人/事物
4.fact-checker n.事实核查者
5.unpredictable adj.不可预测的
6.baseless adj.无根据的
7.misinformation n.虚假信息
8.incorrect adj.不正确的
9.self-awareness n.自我意识
B.熟词生义
Each parent from her class insisted that she cast their own child as Snow White. (七选五A)
cast (熟义) v. 投;掷;抛→(生义) v. 选派(角色)
【译文】 她班级上的每位家长都坚持让她选自己的孩子扮演白雪公主。(共66张PPT)
第3讲 技法3——逻辑关系
一篇文章往往是一个有机的整体,各部分之间存在着一定的联系。
从逻辑意义上来看,句子与句子之间常常有并列、顺承、递进、转折、
总分、解释、因果、过渡、例证等关系,有时甚至包含不止一种这样的
关系。因此,理解阅读材料时一定要把握文章脉络,弄清其中的逻辑关
系。如果文中或选项中出现了逻辑关系词,考生就可以利用其来进行推
理判断;如果文中或选项中未出现逻辑关系词,这就需要考生全面理解
文章大意,根据上下文语境弄清文章内在的逻辑关系,做出正确的判断。
逻辑关系导图:
并列关系
[2025·全国一卷节选]
Catherine Murphy, a cafe worker in a green shirt and black
hat, makes sure that each customer gets exactly what they
order. She goes back and forth between machines to make the
drinks. ______ As the customer grabs the drink from her hand,
she smiles and says, “Hello, how is your day ” Even when the
line is getting longer, she doesn't let it get in the way of her
genuine conversations.
A.The cafe closes at 9 pm every day.
B.She has two children aged eight and four.
C.Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early.
D.After finishing an order, she calls out the name on the cup.
E.Not only does this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves up
smiles.
F.Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready
for class.
G.She has served here for 17 years and can't imagine working
anywhere else.
√
[解析] 前文描述 Catherine 制作饮品的动作goes back and forth
between machines to make the drinks，后文则是顾客接过饮品的
场景As the customer grabs the drink from her hand。空处需补
充 “制作完成后” 的中间环节。选项 D“After finishing an order,
she calls out the name on the cup.”中finishing an order承接
make the drinks， calls out the name引出顾客取餐的场景，形成
“制作→叫号→交付” 的完整流程，符合顺承逻辑。故选D项。
递进关系
[2023·全国甲卷节选]
●Practise gratitude(感激)
Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: research shows it makes
us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic. ______.
“Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li,
researcher at the University of California.
A.Find your causes
B.Start with small tasks
C.Accept the uncomfortable
D.All this adds up to a state of hurry
E.It can also help us practise more patience
F.This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable
G.They're all situations where we could use a little extra
patience
√
[解析] 根据空前句“Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: research
shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more
optimistic.”可知,这些都是感激的益处。空后“Showing thankfulness
can foster self-control…”提出表现感激之情可以培养自我控制能力,
故空处同样是在说感激的益处,故选项E“It can also help us practise
more patience”(它也可以帮助我们培养更多的耐心)符合语境,其中
also表示递进关系。故选E项。
转折关系
[2025·浙江1月考节选]
Don't use ten words when one will do.
Even the most engaged and committed audience will
eventually get bored. Keeping your message simple and clear
will make it easier for people to understand. ______ However,
they're hearing it for the first time. Keep it simple.
A.Be patient.
B.Get the audience involved.
C.The best messages are often simple.
D.Speak directly to what matters to them.
E.You may be surprised by what your listeners offer.
F.It will also give them a handy record to refer back to.
G.As the speaker, you already know what you're going to say.
√
[解析] 空后句子包含转折词however,说明空格处的内容与“…hearing
it for the first time.”有转折关系。选项G“作为讲话者,你已经知道自
己要说什么。”恰好与之构成转折。故选G项。
因果关系
[2023·浙江1月考节选]
Arrive early. Most trains operate just once a day and some
run only three times a week, so missing yours can be a disaster.
______ Note: the times listed on the schedules are departure
times, not arrival times.
A.Train trips aren't for impatient types.
B.You'll have views from both sides of the train.
C.The temperature on rail cars is often hard to control.
D.That's particularly true during busy summer months.
E.You might have to wait longer than 24 hours to catch the
next one.
F.The chances are the cost will be a lot less than the cost of
one bedroom.
G.He may also book you in a sleeping car that's right next to
the diner.
√
[解析] 根据上文“Arrive early. Most trains operate just once a
day and some run only three times a week, so missing yours
can be a disaster.”以及下文“Note: the times listed on the
schedules are departure times, not arrival times.”可知,本段提醒人
们要提前到达,错过火车是一件很麻烦的事情,E项中“You might have
to wait longer…”说明错过火车所导致的结果,因此推断E项“你可能要
等超过24个小时才能赶上下一班。”符合语境。故选E项。
例证关系
[2025·全国二卷节选]
You'll have more time with family.
Families who volunteer together have the unique experience
of working towards a common goal. ______ Everyone brings
something unique to the table and can connect with each other
in a new way. And, there are tasks for every age and ability, so
all your children can feel proud of their work.
A.Helping the community lowers rates of depression.
B.Volunteering as a family may be just the thing you need.
C.Volunteering has a lifelong effect on kids and teenagers.
D.Volunteering can be the first step in breaking down prejudice.
E.For adults, volunteering can provide significant physical health
benefits.
F.You may even learn that your kid has a talent you didn't
know about before.
G.Volunteering makes you feel capable and inspires you to
make the most of each day.
√
[解析] 前文提到“一起做志愿工作的家庭有为共同目标努力的独特经
历”，空处需用具体例子说明 “独特经历”。选项 F“You may even
learn that your kid has a talent you didn't know about before.”
中，“发现你以前不知道的孩子的天赋” 是具体例证，通过even强化
“独特性”，符合例证逻辑。故选F项。
A[2025·浙江1月考]
文体：说明文 主题：人与社会 词数:264
One of the most common mistakes in communication is
trying to do too much. 1. ___ There's no value in delivering any
kind of communication, whether written, spoken, formal, or
informal, if the message doesn't come across clearly. Being
clear and brief—while maintaining interest and including
everything your listeners need to know—is a high-level
communication skill.
Here are some tips worth following in order to
communicate more effectively.
C
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
Keep your audience in mind.
Your audience will naturally be more interested and
engaged when you tailor your communications to their interests.
2. ___ This will engage their desire to understand and interact
with the information.
Don't use ten words when one will do.
Even the most engaged and committed audience will
eventually get bored. Keeping your message simple and clear
will make it easier for people to understand.3. ___ However,
they're hearing it for the first time. Keep it simple.
D
G
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
4. ___
If you've ever worked as an instructor, manager, trainer or
coach, you'll know that there are few better ways to learn new
information than to teach it. Ask the audience to contribute
their ideas or to take a role in explaining new concepts and
policies to others. Allow them to lead discussions and meetings
to develop their communication skills.
B
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
Consider the best method to deliver your message.
If the information you're communicating isn't urgent,
consider sending an e-mail. Written communication will give
your audience more time to review it, think it over, and follow
up with questions. 5. ___
Building effective communication skills takes time, but the
effects are worth the effort.
A.Be patient.
B.Get the audience involved.
F
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
C.The best messages are often simple.
D.Speak directly to what matters to them.
E.You may be surprised by what your listeners offer.
F.It will also give them a handy record to refer back to.
G.As the speaker, you already know what you're going to say.
［文章大意］ 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了高效沟通的技巧，
强调了在传递信息时需要简洁、清晰，并考虑受众的兴趣和需求，
以确保信息能够准确传达并引起受众的关注。
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
1. ___
C
[解析] 空前提到，沟通不要做得太多、太复杂。后文提到“Being
clear and brief…”，强调沟通需要简明扼要。因此C项“最好的信息往
往是简单的。”符合语境。故选C项。
2. ___
D
[解析] 由本段标题可知，本段内容以观众为主。空前提到，观众会
对你专门为其定制的内容更感兴趣。空后提到，这会让观众更有互
动的欲望。空格处应当与this指代的内容有关。D项“直接向观众传达
对他们重要的信息。”符合语境。故选D项。
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
3. ___
G
[解析] 空后句子包含转折词however，说明空格处的内容与
“…hearing it for the first time.”有转折关系。选项G“作为讲话者，
你已经知道自己要说什么。”恰好与之构成转折。故选G项。
4. ___
B
[解析] 段内提到，让听众提出自己的想法，参与沟通，主持讨论和
会议。B选项“让听众参与进来。”符合语境。故选B项。
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
5. ___
F
[解析] 该段标题为“考虑传递信息的最佳办法。”，由此可推理出该
段内容与最佳办法相关。空前句子提到如果你要传递的信息并不紧
急，可以考虑发送电子邮件这一书面信息的方式，这是一个最佳的
办法。空前还提到这个最佳办法可以给受众更多的时间去处理信息。
选项F“It will also give them a handy record to refer back to.”可
以作为前文的补充，即进一步补充了书面信息的优势——它为受众
提供了一个便于回顾的记录。故选F项。
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
B[2024·全国甲卷]
文体：说明文 主题：人与自我 词数:260
What is moderation(适度) Basically，it means eating only as
much food as your body needs. You should feel satisfied at the
end of a meal, but not too full. 1. ___ But it doesn't mean
saying goodbye to the foods you love.
F
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
Take your time. It's important to slow down and think
about food as something nutritious rather than just something
to eat in between meetings.2. ___ It actually takes a few
minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough
food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full.
Eat with others whenever possible. Eating alone, especially
in front of the TV or computer, often leads to mindless
overeating. And be careful about the foods you keep at hand.
It's more challenging to eat in moderation if you have
C
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. 3. ___
Control emotional (情绪的) eating. 4. ___ Many of us also turn
to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness,
loneliness, or boredom. But by learning healthier ways to
manage emotions, you can regain control over the food you eat
and your feelings.
E
B
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
5. ___ A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism
(新陈代谢)，while eating small， healthy meals keeps your
energy up all day. Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner
earlier and fast for 14—16 hours until breakfast the next
morning. Studies suggest that eating only when you're most
active and giving your digestive system a long break each day
may help to regulate weight.
A.Eat properly throughout the day.
B.We don't always eat just to satisfy hunger.
A
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
C.Don't swallow a meal on the way to work.
D.Most of us need to double the amount we eat.
E.Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices.
F.For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do
now.
G.That won't lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating
plan.
［文章大意］本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了适度饮食。
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
1. ___
F
[解析] 上文“Basically, it means eating only as much food as
your body needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal,
but not too full.”指出，进餐时不要吃太饱，吃东西要适量。下文
“But it doesn't mean saying goodbye to the foods you love.”指
出，适量进食不是要放弃吃自己喜欢的食物。F项“对我们许多人来
说，适度意味着比我们现在吃的食物要少。”解释了何为适量饮食，
承上启下，符合文意，选项中的means与下文呼应。故选F项。
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
2. ___
C
[解析] 根据上文“Take your time. It's important to slow down
and think about food as something nutritious rather than just
something to eat in between meetings.”可推知，本段主要建议读
者吃东西要细嚼慢咽，不要过于急躁。C项“上班路上不要狼吞虎
咽。”承接上文，符合文意。故选C项。
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
3. ___
E
[解析] 上文“It's more challenging to eat in moderation if you
have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies.”指出，如果随时
都有不健康的食物在手，要适度饮食就更具有挑战性，E项“相反，
让自己周围充满健康的选择。”符合文意，建议读者选择健康的食物，
选项中的healthy与上文中的unhealthy相对应。故选E项。
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
4. ___
B
[解析] 根据本段首句“Control emotional (情绪的) eating.”以及下文
“Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions
such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom.”可推知，本段主要建议
读者不要情绪化地暴饮暴食，要健康饮食。B项“我们吃东西并不总
是为了充饥。”引出下文有些人通过食物发泄情绪，符合语境。故选
B项。
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
5. ___
A
[解析] 设空处位于段首，总结全段，下文“A healthy breakfast can
start your metabolism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy
meals keeps your energy up all day. Avoid eating late at night.
Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14—16 hours until
breakfast the next morning.”指出，我们在一天中的每个时间段都
要健康饮食。A项“一整天都要适当饮食。”符合语境。故选A项。
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
重点词句回顾
A.派生词
1.nutritious adj.有营养的
2.mindless adj.无意识的
3.unhealthy adj.不健康的
4.digestive adj.消化的
B.熟词生义
1.come across (熟义) 偶遇→(生义)被理解；被弄懂(A，Para.1)
2.tailor (熟义) n.裁缝→(生义)v.定制；调整(A，Para.3)
3.fast (熟义) adj.快的→(生义)v.禁食；斋戒(B，Para.5)
C.长难句分析
1.There's no value in delivering any kind of communication，
whether written, spoken, formal, or informal, if the message
doesn't come across clearly.(A，Para.1)
【分析】这是一个复合句，包含主句、条件状语从句和插入语。主
句There's no value in…(做……毫无意义。)是there be句型，动名
词短语delivering…communication作介词in的宾语；whether written,
spoken, formal, or informal是插入语；if the message doesn't
come across clearly是条件状语从句。
【译文】 如果不能清晰地理解信息，那么任何形式的沟通——无论
是书面的、口头的、正式的还是非正式的——都毫无意义。
2.It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your
body that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop
eating before you feel full. (B, Para.2)
【分析】这是一个由 so连接的并列复合句。前一分句中it是形式主
语，指代后面真正的主语to tell your body that it has had
enough food，其中that it has had enough food是宾语从句；后
一分句eat slowly and stop eating是并列祈使句，before you feel
full是时间状语从句。
【译文】 实际上，大脑需要几分钟才能告诉你的身体已经吃饱了，
所以要慢慢吃，在感到饱之前停下来。
A [2025·四川成都高三“三诊”模拟]
文体:说明文 主题:人与社会 词数:235
In a world facing serious environmental challenges and a
growing disconnection from nature, community gardens have
emerged as drivers for positive changes. These gardens are
beneficial to urban residents and play an important role in
shaping an environmentally sustainable society. 1. ___.
Community gardens offer an escape from the chaos of
fast-paced urban life. 2. ___, creating a sense of peacefulness
F
C
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
and inner balance. The simple act of digging hands into soil,
planting seeds and witnessing the wonder of growth brings a
sense of satisfaction and purpose.
Community gardens serve as inclusive spaces where people
from diverse backgrounds come together with a shared passion
for nature and sustainability. 3. ___. They provide a friendly
environment for social bonds. As gardeners tend to plants side
by side, they build meaningful connections, making community
gardens not just places for growing plants but also for nurturing
relationships.
A
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
In an era of rapid urbanization, community gardens act as
a shelter for plants, insects and birds. The biodiversity they
support contributes to the overall health of urban ecosystems.
4. ___. Through local, organic and sustainable practices, community
gardeners take an active role in securing their food sources
while reducing the environmental impact associated with
conventional agriculture and long-distance transportation.
Beyond the psychological benefits, community gardens offer
advantages for physical health as well. Gardening involves
B
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
various physical activities such as planting, weeding and
harvesting, which provide gentle exercise and promote overall
well-being. 5. ___, encouraging a positive and sustainable
approach to nutrition.
A.These spaces go beyond mere physical gardens
B.These gardens also address the pressing issue of food security
C.More importantly, they allow individuals to reconnect with
nature
G
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
D.Community gardens create an atmosphere for knowledge-
sharing
E.The harvest can even be celebrated and shared among all
members
F.They allow people to interact with nature and with each other
and enjoy a better life
G.Additionally, the fresh produce grown in the gardens
contributes to a healthier diet
［文章大意］本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了社区花园在当今社会
中的重要作用，包括为人们提供逃离城市喧嚣的空间、促进不同背
景的人交流、保护生物多样性、保障食物安全以及有益身心健康等。
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
1. ___
F
[解析] 根据上文“In a world facing serious environmental
challenges and a growing disconnection from nature, community
gardens have emerged as drivers for positive changes. These
gardens are beneficial to urban residents and play an important
role in shaping an environmentally sustainable society.”可知，选
项承接上文继续说明社区花园对居民的益处。F选项“它们让人们与
自然互动，与彼此互动，享受更好的生活”符合语境。故选 F项。
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
2. ___
C
[解析] 根据上文“Community gardens offer an escape from the
chaos of fast-paced urban life.”可知，选项承接上文说明社区花园
的作用。故C选项“更重要的是，它们让个人与自然重新建立联系”符
合语境。故选C项。
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
3. ___
A
[解析] 根据上文“Community gardens serve as inclusive spaces
where people from diverse backgrounds come together with a
shared passion for nature and sustainability.”以及下文“They
provide a friendly environment for social bonds. As gardeners
tend to plants side by side, they build meaningful connections,
making community gardens not just places for growing plants
but also for nurturing relationships.”可知，选项承接上下文说明这
些空间不仅仅是物理意义上的花园，还具有更多的社会意义。故A选
项“这些空间超越了单纯的物理花园”符合语境。故选A项。
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
4. ___
B
[解析] 根据下文“Through local, organic and sustainable practices,
community gardeners take an active role in securing their food
sources while reducing the environmental impact associated with
conventional agriculture and long-distance transportation.”可知，
选项引起下文说明社区花园在粮食方面产生的作用。故B选项“这些
花园还解决了粮食安全这一紧迫问题”符合语境。故选B项。
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
5. ___
G
[解析] 根据下文“…encouraging a positive and sustainable
approach to nutrition.”可知，选项应与下文话题一致，说明花园里
种植的新鲜农产品有助于健康饮食。故G选项“此外，花园里种植的
新鲜农产品有助于健康饮食”符合语境。healthier diet呼应
sustainable approach to nutrition。故选G项。
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
B[2025·湖北部分高中协作体高三三模]
文体:说明文 主题:人与社会 词数:255
There are hundreds of genres (流派) of music, so while
some might like one kind, others might like something
completely different. Why do people like different kinds of music
1. ___ At the same time, music can also help us feel like
part of a group or a culture, especially one that shares an
interest in a certain kind of music.
B
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
Music can also be nostalgic；that is, it creates a kind of
longing for the past. Musicians leave behind a footprint with
their music. 2. ___ Even long after the musicians are gone,
people still find something in the musicians' recordings that they
can enjoy.
We may also find that the music we like is strongly tied to
our memory. Maybe there was a song that someone sang to us
when we were little that brings up good memories. 3. ___
D
F
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
When we listen to music that we like, a chemical called
dopamine is sometimes released in the brain, which can make
us feel good. 4. ___ There are some algorithms (算法) today
that can help pick up on the kind of music we like. When we
are streaming music, some programs will let us like or dislike
songs.
People's taste in music can remain the same in their whole
life or it can change many times. But the truth is, we don't
know all the exact answers to why people like different kinds of
E
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
music—or sports, or food, or colours. 5. ___ We are all different
people who like different things.
A.It's music to our ears.
B.Music can be a part of our identity.
C.It becomes a mirror that we are holding up.
D.They leave a permanent mark in people's lives.
E.Therefore, we might want to listen to a song on repeat.
F.Other times, we might find music can bring up sad memories.
G
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
G.There are lots of different factors that can influence our
preferences.
［文章大意］本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕 “人们为何喜欢不同类型
的音乐” 展开，介绍了音乐的作用，探讨了音乐偏好的多种影响因素。
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
1. ___
B
[解析] 根据后文“At the same time, music can also help us feel
like part of a group or a culture, especially one that shares an
interest in a certain kind of music.”可知，音乐能帮助我们感觉自
己是某个群体或文化的一部分，故本句是在说明音乐可以成为身份
的一部分，B选项“音乐可以成为我们身份的一部分。”符合语境，故
选B项。
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
2. ___
D
[解析] 根据“Musicians leave behind a footprint with their music.”
可知，上文提到了音乐家，D选项中的they指代上文的musicians。故
D选项“他们在人们的生活中留下了永久的印记。”符合语境，故选D项。
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
3. ___
F
[解析] 根据上文“We may also find that the music we like is
strongly tied to our memory. Maybe there was a song that
someone sang to us when we were little that brings up good
memories.”可知，音乐可以勾起美好的回忆，同样它也能唤起悲伤
的回忆。F选项“其他时候，我们可能会发现音乐能唤起悲伤的回
忆。”符合语境，故选F项。
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
4. ___
E
[解析] 根据上文“When we listen to music that we like, a
chemical called dopamine is sometimes released in the brain,
which can make us feel good.”可知，本句与上文构成因果关系，
指出喜欢的音乐让我们感觉良好，所以我们喜欢重复听。E选项“因
此，我们可能想要重复听一首歌。”符合语境，故选E项。
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
5. ___
G
[解析] 根据上文“But the truth is, we don't know all the exact
answers to why people like different kinds of music—or sports,
or food, or colours.”可知，本句承接上文说明影响偏好的因素有很
多。G选项“有很多不同的因素可以影响我们的偏好。”符合语境，故
选G项。
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
重点词句回顾
A.派生词
1.inclusive adj.包容性的
2.permanent adj.永久的
3.preference n.偏好；喜好
B.合成词
1.fast-paced adj.快节奏的
2.long-distance adj.长途的
3.knowledge-sharing n.知识共享
C.熟词生义
1.driver (熟义) n.司机→(生义)n.推动因素(A，Para.1)
2.tend (熟义) v.倾向于→(生义)v.照料；护理(A，Para.3)
3.footprint (熟义) n.脚印→(生义)n.持久影响(influence)(B，Para.3)
4.pick up on (熟义) 重提(要点)→(生义)识别；察觉(B，Para.5)
5.mirror (熟义) n.镜子→(生义)n.写照；反映某种情况的事物
(reflection)(B，选项)
D.长难句分析
Through local, organic and sustainable practices, community
gardeners take an active role in securing their food sources
while reducing the environmental impact associated with
conventional agriculture and long-distance transportation.(A,Para.4)
【分析】本句包含方式状语、主句和状语从句的省略结构。句子的
主句是community gardeners take an active role in securing their
food sources，through local, organic and sustainable practices作
方式状语，while引导的是一个状语从句的省略形式，省略了主语和
be动词；过去分词短语associated with…作定语，修饰environmental
impact。
【译文】通过本地、有机和可持续的种植方式，社区园丁在保障食
物来源的方面发挥着积极作用，同时减少了与传统农业和长途运输
相关的环境影响。
真题典例
A
1.C 2.D 3.G 4.B 5.F
B
1.F 2.C 3.E 4.B 5.A
模拟演练
A
1.F 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.G
B
1.B 2.D 3.F 4.E 5.G
