（期末培优卷）期末素养评价培优卷-2025 - 2026学年八年级上册英语鲁教版（五四学制）（含答案解析）
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| 名称 | （期末培优卷）期末素养评价培优卷-2025 - 2026学年八年级上册英语鲁教版（五四学制）（含答案解析） |
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| 文件大小 | 110.1KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
| 版本资源 | 鲁教版（五四学制） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2026-01-16 00:00:00 | ||
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/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年八年级上册英语鲁教版（五四学制）
期末素养评价培优卷
温馨提示：
1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分。满分90分。考试用时90分钟。考试结束后，将试题卷和答题卡一并交回。
2.答卷前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座号填写在试题卷和答题卡规定的位置上。
3.第Ⅰ卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。答案不能答在试题卷上。
4.第Ⅱ卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置，不能写在试题卷上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
第Ⅰ卷（选择题 共55分）
一、选择填空（共10小题，计10分）
从A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
1．She ________ her height with her sister’s and found she was taller.
A．compared B．challenged C．connected D．covered
2．When I got home last night, my parents ________ an interesting TV show.
A．is watching B．are watching C．was watching D．were watching
3．—You want to lose weight But why You look quite slim to me.
—That may be true. But I’m ________ than last year.
A．heavier B．heavy C．heaviest D．the heaviest
4．—David, who is your best Chinese friend in your school
—Wu Dong. He always comes to help me ________ I have difficulty in learning Chinese.
A．however B．whenever C．wherever D．whoever
5．Lots of people come to visit my hometown all the year round, ________ in spring.
A．specially B．especially C．probably D．actually
6．The box is ________ heavy that I can’t carry it.
A．such B．too C．very D．so
7．________ they feel tired, ________ they will keep working.
A．Because, so B．Although, but C．So, that D．Although, /
8．Jenny didn’t go to bed ________ her mother came home last night.
A．as soon as B．if C．when D．until
9．There are ________ many students in the hall ________ I can’t find an empty seat.
A．too; to B．as; as C．such; that D．so; that
10．Although he is young, ________ he knows a lot about history.
A．but B．so C．and D．/
二、完形填空（共10小题，计10分）
The Turtle was not satisfied (满意的) with his life. He wanted so much to 11 being a turtle.
“I’m tired of swimming in the sea and moving about on the beach. Life is not 12 , ” he thought. “I want to be able to fly in the air like an eagle.” He spoke to the Eagle about it.
“You’re not built for 13 , ” the Eagle told the Turtle. “You don’t have any wings.”
“Don’t 14 that,” answered the Turtle. “I’ve watched how the birds do it for a long time. I’ve watched 15 how they fly and do things in the air. I think I really got it. Though I don’t have 16 , I can make my four flippers (鳍足) act like wings of birds in the air, the way I do in the water. Just get me up there, and you’ll see I can fly as well as any of the birds—probably even 17 ! Besides, if you carry me as high as the clouds, I will bring you lots of nice pearls (珍珠) from the sea to show my thanks.”
The Eagle 18 at last, and carried the Turtle up high into the sky.
“Now then!” cried the Eagle. “Fly!”
But the moment the Turtle was on his own, he fell from the 19 . He fell like a stone, and on a stone he landed. He hit it with such force that he broke into little pieces.
We need to 20 ourselves better so that we can make wiser decisions.
11．A．continue B．stop C．try D．enjoy
12．A．interesting B．healthy C．busy D．hard
13．A．swimming B．running C．flying D．climbing
14．A．look after B．find out C．get ready for D．worry about
15．A．quickly B．carefully C．immediately D．seriously
16．A．wings B．hands C．arms D．shoulders
17．A．better B．lower C．nearer D．earlier
18．A．joked B．agreed C．won D．left
19．A．tree B．house C．sky D．mountain
20．A．relax B．forget C．improve D．understand
三、阅读理解（共20小题，计30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出能正确回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。
A
Elephants are the largest land animals on Earth. They have big, strong bodies, long noses, and huge ears.
Their noses are useful—they can pick up small branches as easily as you pick up a pencil, suck up water to drink, and even spray water on their backs to cool off. When it’s hot, elephants use their large ears to make wind, just like using a fan to stay cool on a summer day.
Elephants live in groups. An old mother elephant usually leads groups. She shows the group where to find food and water, and keeps them safe from danger. Baby elephants are loved and taken care of by all members. If a baby elephant falls behind, the others will wait for it. Elephants talk to each other with different sounds, they also touch noses, which is like giving each other a friendly handshake.
As plant-eaters, elephants spend most of their day eating grass, leaves, and fruits. An adult elephant can eat up to 300 kilograms of food a day—that’s as heavy as a small car! While eating, they break branches and push down small trees, which helps make open spaces in the forest. This lets sunlight reach the ground and helps new plants grow.
However, elephants are in trouble. People cut down trees to build houses and farms, so elephants are losing their homes. Also, some bad people kill them for their long teeth because the teeth can be sold for a lot of money. Now many people, groups, and governments are helping. They set up safe places for elephants to live, make laws against selling elephant teeth, and teach others why it’s important to protect them. Elephants play a big part in nature, and it’s our job to make sure they can live happily on Earth.
21．How do elephants cool themselves down when it’s hot
A．By hiding in the caves. B．By drinking a lot of cold water.
C．By using their large ears to make wind. D．By taking a bath in the river every day.
22．Why does the writer compare an elephant’s nose to a pencil-picking hand
A．To show the nose is as thin as a pencil. B．To explain how elephants draw with their noses.
C．To prove elephants can write like humans. D．To describe the nose’s strong and flexible ability.
23．What does the underlined word “them” in the last paragraph refer to
A．elephants B．government C．laws D．groups
24．Why are elephants in danger
A．They eat too much food every day. B．Forests are becoming too cold for them.
C．They have too many babies to feed. D．People cut down trees and kill them for their long teeth.
25．What can we infer from Paragraph 3
A．Baby elephants can protect themselves well. B．Elephant groups love and protect their young.
C．Mother elephants don't like taking care of babies alone. D．Baby elephants often get lost.
B
Welcome to Beijing Guozijian
Beijing Guozijian was an imperial college (皇家学院). It has a history of over 700 years. It’s enjoyable to visit the old buildings there. There are also a large number of books. And Guozijian is famous for its old trees. Some of them are about 700 years old.
May to October November to April
8: 30 a.m. ~6: 00 p.m. (ticket sale ends at 5: 00 p.m. ) 8: 30 a.m. ~5: 00 p.m. (ticket sale ends at 4: 30 p.m. )
Closed (关闭) on Monday
How to get there
By bus:
1. Take Bus No. 116 or 117 and get off at Yonghegong Station.
2. Take Bus No. 13 or 84 and get off at Guozijian Station.
By subway:
Take Subway Line 2 or 5 and get off at Yonghegong Station.
Tickets: 30 yuan
Free for students with a student ID card and young children.
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
26．What do we know about Beijing Guozijian
A．People built it about 1, 000 years ago. B．It is famous for many tall buildings.
C．People can go there every day. D．There are very old trees there.
27．Visitors can’t buy a ticket ________ in summer.
A．after 8:30 a.m. B．before 4:30 p.m.
C．after 5:00 p.m. D．before 5:00 p.m.
28．How can we get to Guozijian Station
A．By Bus No. 84. B．By Bus No. 117.
C．By Subway Line 2. D．By Subway Line 5.
29．If Mr and Mrs Li are going to Guozijian with their four-year-old daughter, how much should they pay
A．30 yuan. B．60 yuan. C．90 yuan. D．120 yuan.
30．Where can we find the reading above
A．In a travel guide. B．In a storybook.
C．In a science book. D．In a history book.
C
Do you like traveling Do you want to visit interesting places Here are some great places for you to visit in China.
Beijing
Beijing is the capital of China. It has a long history. There are many famous places to visit, like the Great Wall, the Forbidden City and Tian’anmen Square. The Great Wall is one of the greatest wonders in the world. It’s very long and amazing. You can walk on the Great Wall and enjoy the beautiful scenery. The Forbidden City was the home of emperors in ancient China. It has many beautiful buildings. Tian’anmen Square is the largest square in the world. You can see the national flag there.
Guilin
Guilin is in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. It’s famous for its beautiful mountains and rivers. The Li River is very famous. You can take a boat trip on the Li River and enjoy the beautiful views. The mountains there are strange and beautiful. Many people say “East or west, Guilin scenery is best.”
Chengdu
Chengdu is the capital of Sichuan Province. It’s a modern city with a long history. Chengdu is famous for pandas. You can visit the Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding. There you can see many cute pandas. They are very lovely. Chengdu is also famous for its delicious food, like hot pot and mapo tofu. If you like spicy food, you will love Chengdu.
31．How many places are mentioned in the passage
A．Two B．Three C．Four D．Five
32．What is Beijing famous for
A．Its beautiful mountains and rivers B．Pandas and delicious food
C．Long history and famous places D．Modern buildings
33．What can you do in Guilin
A．Visit the Great Wall B．See pandas
C．Take a boat trip on the Li River D．Eat hot pot
34．Where can you see pandas
A．In Beijing. B．In Guilin. C．In Chengdu. D．In Shanghai.
35．What does the underlined sentence “East or west, Guilin scenery is best.” mean
A．Guilin’s scenery is similar to most places.
B．Guilin’s scenery is better than any other place.
C．Guilin’s scenery is as beautiful as other places.
D．Guilin is a good place to visit.
D
In September, Chengdu No. 1 Middle School in Sichuan held a special activity. Teachers asked students
to share the stories of their family heirlooms (传家宝). Over 300 students took part in it, bringing their heirlooms to school and telling the stories behind them.
One of the students, 14-year-old Song Zhengchen, shared his family’s heirloom—a cassette player. His grandmother bought the player in the 1980s to listen to the news. Later, his mother used it to play music tapes. When Song was younger, his mother would often play old poems for him on the player. “Today, we have many new advanced music players. But we still keep it because it holds beautiful memories of my family,” Song said.
Another student, Xiao Yao, also 14, won first prize in the activity. Her heirlooms were some food coupons (粮票) from her grandmother. These coupons were used during a time when food was scarce. In the past, families could only buy a limited amount of food each month, and even rice required a food coupon. Xiao was amazed when her grandmother told her stories about this difficult time. “My grandma wants me to be thankful for what we have today and to work hard for a better future,” Xiao explained.
The heirloom stories shared by the students reflect the rich history and beautiful memories of their families. These items connect them to the past and remind them of the hardships their ancestors faced. Through these stories, we hope the students will carry on good family traditions, appreciate (欣赏) their family history, and continue to work hard for their future. By remembering the past, they can help build a better tomorrow for themselves, their families, and the country.
36．What did Song Zhengchen bring to show in the school activity
A．A cassette player. B．Music tapes. C．An old poem. D．Food coupons.
37．What does the underlined word “scarce” in Paragraph 3 mean
A．Expensive. B．Traditional. C．Not enough. D．Not difficult to get.
38．According to Xiao Yao, what is her grandmother’s hope for her
A．To study the history of food shortages in China.
B．To share her heirloom stories with others at school.
C．To keep the food coupons safe for future generations.
D．To be thankful and work hard for the future.
39．What is the structure of the article (P= Paragraph)
A． B． C． D．
40．What can be the best title for the passage
A．A School Activity B．Family Heirlooms and Their Stories
C．Expensive Family Heirlooms D．Better Country, Better Tomorrow
四、短文还原（共5小题，计5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
On cold winter nights when I was a boy, Mom would often let me help her make popcorn (爆米花) to eat while watching TV. 41 She would find an iron pot and light the fire under it. Then she would pour in a little oil and add some butter. Next she would put some kernels (玉米粒) in it. Together we would wait, listening to the sizzle of the oil until we heard the first kernel popping (爆裂). 42
After this we would all sit down in the living room, Dad and Nana in the chairs by the stove (炉子), and me, Mom, and my brothers on the sofa. 43
The fun thing is that I can’t really remember a single one of the programs that we watched on TV on those nights. What I can remember clearly, however, is the smell of the popcorn, the warmth of the bowl on my leg, the delicious taste of it, and most of all the joy I felt with Mom cuddled up (依偎) next to me. 44 There with my family all seemed right with the world. We didn’t have a huge home, a lot of money, or even fancy snacks from the store but we had love and that was all we needed.
45 Love everyone around you!
A．My brothers and I would argue about who got to hold the big bowl.
B．Mom made it in the old fashioned way.
C．There was always enough popcorn for everyone.
D．I felt so loved, so safe, and so happy.
E．In the end I think it is those little, shared moments of love that give life meaning.
F．Finally, Mom would pour them all into a huge bowl and shake salt all over them.
G．We would then enjoy the funny shows on TV together.
第Ⅱ卷（非选择题；共35分）
五、词汇应用（共10 小题，计10分）
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。
When someone mentions Nanjing, you probably think of an ancient city. This is because it used to be 46 capital city of six dynasties in Chinese history. It 47 (become) an important place even 2,000 years ago.
Nanjing, now the capital city of Jiangsu Province in China, has long been one of China’s most important 48 (city). Nanjing means “southern capital”. In Nanjing, you can still see many places of interest, for example, the Confucius Temple (夫子庙).
Another popular place to visit is the Qinhuai River. On the south bank of the river, there is the 49 (long) stretch (一段) of city wall in China. The 110-meter-long wall is all made of brick. The river 50 (it) is well-known for its amazing scenery. Visitors can enjoy the sight of the houses 51 green windows and red doors on both sides of the river. The scenery is 52 (real) wonderful during the Lantern Festival. You can see boats with beautiful lanterns floating on the river like bright dragons.
Nanjing also offers natural beauty. You can enjoy 53 (walk) in the lush (茂密的) forests and breathe the fresh air in the Purple Mountain. It’s a place that you cannot miss when you go to Nanjing.
54 you walk in the city, in the middle of skyscrapers and old buildings, you may feel you are at the crossroads of modernity and history. Nanjing 55 (give) a warm welcome to visitors from all over the world.
六、阅读表达（共5小题，计5分）
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题或翻译划线部分。
Asking people to a party is an art. You must think about what kind of party you’re going to have first. If it is a small party you can just give a call to your friends and ask them to the party. You can even e-mail them or just leave a message for them.
Now, calling someone is an art too. First, give a call to your friend, and then begin the talk by asking them about their life and family. Ask them about their schedules on the day of the party. If they say they are free, you can ask them to the party directly (直接地). If the friend is not free, then ask him to try to find time for your party.
If you’re going to have a big party and need to ask lots of people to your party, you must decide how many people you want at your party. Then you can write a list of them and send them beautiful invitation cards, because you may not have so much time to give them a call each. At the end of the invitation, you can write, “Hope you can make it!” You must send the cards a few days before the party so that they can have enough time to prepare for it.
56．How many ways can you use to invite your friends if your party is small
57．What can you do if your friends are busy
58．When should you send invitation cards if your party is big
59．What does the passage mainly tell us
60．将短文中划线句子翻译成中文。
七、书面表达（共1题，计20分）
61．2026年是我国“十五五”规划的开局之年。国家正是通过一个又一个五年计划，绘就了从积贫积弱到繁荣富强的世界奇迹。这告诉我们一个真理：伟大的成就，始于伟大的规划。同学们，我们个人的成长不也是一场精彩的远征吗？像国家一样规划我们的未来，我们也能将梦想的蓝图，一步步变为现实的风景!请写一篇短文，介绍你的周计划、新年计划或者未来生涯规划，以及你将如何落实。
要点：
Plan My Future, Shape My World
Plans Details Ways to Achieve
Weekly plan (学习、运动等具体安排) …
Yearly plan (提升学科能力、掌握生活技能等目标) …
Future career plan (职业方向及准备) …
Opinions on the importance of making plans
要求：
1. 周计划、新年计划、未来生涯规划三选一完成写作。
2. 文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等；词数不少于70。
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参考答案及试题解析
1．A
【解析】句意：她把自己的身高和她姐姐的身高作了比较，发现她更高。
考查动词辨析。compared比较；challenged挑战；connected连接；covered覆盖。根据“She...her height with her sister’s and found she was taller.”可知，此处是通过“比较”得出的发现，compare…with…“把……和……比较”。故选A。
2．D
【解析】句意：当昨晚我到家时，我的父母正在看一个有趣的电视节目。
考查过去进行时和主谓一致。根据“When I got home last night”可知，动作发生在过去某一具体时刻，需用过去进行时表示当时正在进行的动作“was/were+动词现在分词”；主语my parents为复数，be动词用were。故选D。
3．A
【解析】句意：—你想减肥？但为什么？在我看来你看起来很苗条。—那可能是真的。但我比去年更重。
考查形容词比较级。根据“That may be true. But I’m … than last year.”句式结构“ … than”可知，此处需用形容词“heavy”的比较级结构“heavier”，与“去年的体重进行对比”。故选A。
4．B
【解析】句意：——大卫，你在学校里最好的中国朋友是谁？——吴东。无论我什么时候学中文有困难，他总是来帮我。
考查连词辨析。however无论如何；whenever无论何时；wherever无论哪里；whoever无论谁。根据“I have difficulty in learning Chinese”可知，此处指无论我什么时候学中文有困难，他总是来帮我，用whenever引导时间状语从句。故选B。
5．B
【解析】句意：一年到头有很多人来我的家乡参观，尤其是在春天。
考查副词辨析。specially专门地；especially尤其；probably很可能；actually实际上。根据“Lots of people come to visit my hometown all the year round”可知，全年游客众多，但需强调春天是高峰期，因此用especially表示“尤其”以突出特定时间。故选B。
6．D
【解析】句意： 这盒子是如此重以至于我搬不动它。
考查so...that...结构。such如此，用于修饰名词；too太；very非常；so如此，用于修饰形容词/副词。根据句子结构，空格后接形容词heavy，且后面为that引导的结果从句，需用so修饰形容词形成固定搭配so...that...，表示“如此……以至于……”。故选D。
7．D
【解析】句意：尽管他们感到累，他们将继续工作。
考查连词用法。Because因为, so所以；Although尽管, but但是；So, that如此以至于；Although, /尽管。前句他们感到累，后句他们将继续工作。前后存在转折关系。所以用Although且Although不能和but同时出现。所以第二个空不填连词。故选D。
8．D
【解析】句意：Jenny昨晚直到她妈妈回家才上床睡觉。
考查连词辨析。as soon as一……就……；if如果；when当……时；until直到……为止。根据“Jenny didn’t go to bed...her mother came home”可知，句子需填连词；结合语境，句子表达“直到妈妈回家才睡觉”，核心考点是“not...until...”固定句型，意为“直到……才……”，引导时间状语从句。故选D。
9．D
【解析】句意：大厅里有如此多的学生以至于我找不到一个空座位。
考查短语辨析。too...to太……而不能……；as...as和……一样；such...that如此……以至于……，such后接名词；so...that如此……以至于……，so后接形容词或副词。根据“There are...many students in the hall...I can’t find an empty seat.”可知，此处表达的是大厅里学生太多以至于找不到空座位，many是形容词，所以用so...that...结构。故选D。
10．D
【解析】句意：虽然他很年轻，但他懂得很多历史知识。
考查让步状语从句的连词用法。but但是；so所以；and和；/不填。在英语中，although已表示让步关系，意为“虽然”，主句前不能再加but等连词，否则会造成语法错误。本句前半部分有“Although”，主句“he knows a lot about history”前无需任何连词。故选D。
11．B 12．A 13．C 14．D 15．B 16．A 17．A 18．B 19．C 20．D
【导语】本文是一则寓言故事。文章通过乌龟不满自己的生活，执意让老鹰带自己飞上天，最终坠落破碎的故事告诉我们：要认清自己才能做出明智的选择。
11．句意：他非常想要停止做一只乌龟。
continue继续 ；stop停止； try尝试；enjoy享受。根据“The Turtle was not satisfied with his life.”可知，乌龟对自己的生活不满意，想停止当一只乌龟。stop doing sth表示“停止做某事”。故选B。
12．句意：他心想：“我厌倦了在海里游泳和在沙滩上闲逛。生活一点都不有趣。我想要像老鹰一样在空中翱翔。”
interesting有趣的；healthy健康的；busy忙碌的；hard艰难的。根据“I’m tired of swimming in the sea and moving about on the beach.”可知，乌龟觉着自己的生活不有趣。故选A。
13．句意：老鹰告诉乌龟：“你天生就不适合飞行。你没有翅膀。”
swimming游泳；running跑；flying飞；climbing爬。根据“You don’t have any wings.”可知，老鹰是说乌龟不是为飞行而生的。故选C。
14．句意：乌龟回答：“别担心这个。”
look after照顾 ；find out查明；get ready for为……做准备；worry about担心。根据“I’ve watched how the birds do it for a long time. I’ve watched…I think I really got it.”可知，乌龟让老鹰别担心。故选D。
15．句意：我仔细观察过它们如何飞行、如何在空中活动。
quickly快速地；carefully仔细地；immediately立刻；seriously严肃地。根据“I’ve watched how the birds do it for a long time.”可知，乌龟是仔细观察过鸟儿的飞行。故选B。
16．句意：虽然我没有翅膀，但我可以让我的四个鳍足像鸟儿的翅膀一样在空中活动，就像我在水里做的那样。
wings翅膀；hands手；arms胳膊；shoulders肩膀。根据“You don’t have any wings.”可知，此处乌龟承认自己没翅膀。故选A。
17．句意：就把我带到那儿，你会看到我能和其他鸟儿飞得一样好 —— 甚至可能更好！
better更好；lower更低；nearer更近；earlier更早。根据“I can fly as well as any of the birds”和“even”可知，乌龟觉得自己能飞得更好。故选A。
18．句意：老鹰最终同意了，把乌龟带到了高空。
joked开玩笑； agreed同意；won获胜；left离开。根据“and carried the Turtle up high into the sky”可知，老鹰最终同意了乌龟的请求。故选B。
19．句意：但乌龟一独立（被放开），就从天上掉了下来。
tree树；house房子；sky天空；mountain山。根据“and carried the Turtle up high into the sky”可知，乌龟是从天空坠落。故选C。
20．句意：我们需要更好地了解自己，才能做出更明智的决定。
relax放松；forget忘记；improve提升；understand了解。乌龟不满自己的生活，执意让老鹰带自己飞上天，最终坠落破碎，所以此处是说要认清自己才能做出明智的选择。故选D。
21．C 22．D 23．A 24．D 25．B
【导语】本文介绍了大象的外形特点、生活习性、在生态系统中的作用，以及它们因人类活动而面临的生存危机和保护措施 。
21．细节理解题。根据“When it’s hot, elephants use their large ears to make wind, just like using a fan to stay cool on a summer day.”可知，大象在热的时候用它们的大耳朵扇风来降温。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据“Their noses are useful—they can pick up small branches as easily as you pick up a pencil”可知，作者把大象的鼻子比作捡铅笔的手，是为了描述大象鼻子的强大和灵活的能力。故选D。
23．词句猜测题。根据“People cut down trees to build houses and farms, so elephants are losing their homes. Also, some bad people kill them for their long teeth because the teeth can be sold for a lot of money.”可知，人们砍伐树木来建造房屋和农场，因此大象正在失去它们的家园。此外，一些不法分子为了获取它们的长牙而捕杀大象，因为象牙可以卖很多钱。由此可知“them”指代的是大象。故选A。
24．细节理解题。根据“People cut down trees to build houses and farms, so elephants are losing their homes. Also, some bad people kill them for their long teeth because the teeth can be sold for a lot of money.”可知，人们砍伐树木建造房屋和农场，大象正在失去它们的家园，而且一些坏人为了象牙而杀死它们，因为象牙可以卖很多钱，所以大象处于危险之中。故选D。
25．推理判断题。根据“Baby elephants are loved and taken care of by all members. If a baby elephant falls behind, the others will wait for it.”可知，小象受到所有成员的喜爱和照顾，如果小象落后了，其他的象会等它，由此可推断象群爱护并保护它们的幼崽。故选B。
26．D 27．C 28．A 29．B 30．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了北京国子监的历史、特色、开放时间、交通方式及门票信息。
26．细节理解题。根据第一段“Guozijian is famous for its old trees. Some of them are about 700 years old.”可知，国子监以古树闻名。故选D。
27．细节理解题。根据表格中“May to October”部分“ticket sale ends at 5:00 p.m.”可知，夏季下午5点后无法购票。故选C。
28．细节理解题。根据“By bus”部分“Take Bus No. 13 or 84 and get off at Guozijian Station.”可知，乘坐84路公交可到达国子监站。故选A。
29．推理判断题。根据“Tickets”部分“30 yuan”和“Free for students with a student ID card and young children.”可知，成人需付费，4岁女儿免费，因此共需60元。故选B。
30．推理判断题。全文围绕国子监的游览信息展开，属于旅游指南类内容。故选A。
31．B 32．C 33．C 34．C 35．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国三个著名的旅游城市：北京、桂林和成都，分别介绍了它们的历史、著名景点和特色。
31．细节理解题。根据“Beijing”、“Guilin”以及“Chengdu”可知，共提到三个地方。故选B。
32．细节理解题。根据“Beijing is the capital of China. It has a long history. There are many famous places to visit…”可知，北京以悠久的历史和著名景点闻名。故选C。
33．细节理解题。根据“Guilin…You can take a boat trip on the Li River and enjoy the beautiful views.”可知，在桂林可以乘船游览漓江。故选C。
34．细节理解题。根据“Chengdu is famous for pandas. You can visit the Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding.”可知，在成都可以看到熊猫。故选C。
35．词句猜测题。根据“Many people say ‘East or west, Guilin scenery is best.’”及上下文描述桂林山水之美可知，这句话意为“桂林山水甲天下”，B项符合。故选B。
36．A 37．C 38．D 39．B 40．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了成都第一中学举办分享传家宝故事的活动，通过两个学生分享的传家宝故事，展现了传家宝承载的家庭历史和美好回忆，以及对学生传承家庭传统、珍惜家庭历史、努力未来的期望。
36．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“One of the students, 14 - year - old Song Zhengchen, shared his family’s heirloom—a cassette player.”可知，宋正臣在学校活动中展示的是一台卡式录音机。故选A。
37．词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“These coupons were used during a time when food was scarce. In the past, families could only buy a limited amount of food each month, and even rice required a food coupon.”可知，在过去，家庭每月只能购买有限数量的食物，甚至大米也需要粮票，由此可推断出当时食物是不充足的，“scarce”意为“不足的，缺乏的”，与“Not enough”意思相近。故选C。
38．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“My grandma wants me to be thankful for what we have today and to work hard for a better future”可知，小姚的祖母希望她感恩现在所拥有的，并为美好的未来而努力。故选D。
39．篇章结构题。文章第一段总述成都第一中学举办分享传家宝故事的活动，第二、三段分别讲述两个学生分享的传家宝故事，第四段总结传家宝故事的意义以及对学生的期望。因此文章结构为总分总。故选B。
40．最佳标题题。文章主要围绕成都第一中学举办的分享传家宝故事的活动展开，通过两个学生分享的传家宝故事，展现了传家宝承载的家庭历史和美好回忆，所以“Family Heirlooms and Their Stories”最能概括文章主旨。故选B。
41．B 42．F 43．C 44．D 45．E
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者对童年家庭温馨时光的回忆，一起制作爆米花、看电视的温馨时光，以及这些时刻体现的爱与幸福。
41．根据“She would find an iron pot and light the fire under it. Then she would pour in a little oil and add some butter. Next she would put some kernels in it.”可知，此处是描述妈妈用传统方式制作爆米花，选项B“妈妈用老式方法做的。”符合语境。故选B。
42．根据“Together we would wait, listening to the sizzle of the oil until we heard the first kernel popping.”可知，前面是制作爆米花的步骤，此处应衔接后续完成爆米花的操作，选项F“最后，妈妈会把它们全都倒进一个大碗里，然后在上面撒满盐。”符合语境。故选F。
43．根据“After this we would all sit down in the living room, Dad and Nana in the chairs by the stove, and me, Mom, and my brothers on the sofa.”可知，大家都坐好准备享用爆米花，选项C“总有足够的爆米花分给每个人。”符合语境。故选C。
44．根据“What I can remember clearly, however, is the smell of the popcorn, the warmth of the bowl on my leg, the delicious taste of it, and most of all the joy I felt with Mom cuddled up next to me.”可知，此处是描述这些场景带来的情感体验，选项D“我感到被深深爱着，如此安全，如此幸福。” 符合语境。故选D。
45．根据“Love every one around you!”可知，此处是总结这些爱的共享时刻的意义，引出后续的建议，选项E“最终，我认为正是那些微小而共同分享的爱的瞬间赋予了生命意义。”符合语境。故选E。
46．the 47．became 48．cities 49．longest 50．itself 51．with 52．really 53．walking 54．When 55．gives
【导语】本文主要介绍了古都南京的历史地位、著名景点以及古今交融的独特魅力。
46．句意：这是因为它曾是中国历史上六个朝代的都城。根据“…capital city of six dynasties”可知，此处特指六朝古都，应用定冠词the表示特指。故填the。
47．句意：甚至在2000年前，它就成了一个重要的地方。根据“even 2,000 years ago”可知，事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时，become的过去式是became。故填became。
48．句意：南京如今是中国江苏省的省会，长期以来一直是中国最重要的城市之一。根据“one of China’s most important…”可知，此处是“one of+形容词最高级+名词复数”结构，表示“……中最……之一”。city是可数名词，其复数形式为cities。故填cities。
49．句意：在秦淮河的南岸，有中国最长的一段城墙。根据“the…stretch (一段) of city wall in China”可知，此处表示有中国最长的一段城墙，the后用long的最高级longest。故填longest。
50．句意：秦淮河本身因其绝美的景色而闻名。根据“The river…is well-known for its amazing scenery.”可知，此处作主语同位语，表示秦淮河本身因其绝美的景色而闻名，应用反身代词起强调作用，it的反身代词是itself。故填itself。
51．句意：游客可以欣赏到河两岸那些有着绿窗红门的房屋景致。根据“houses…green windows and red doors”可知，此处表示伴随状态或特征，意为“带有”，应用介词with，with green windows and red doors作后置定语修饰houses。故填with。
52．句意：元宵节期间，这里的景色格外美妙。根据“The scenery is…wonderful”可知，空格处修饰形容词wonderful，应用副词，real的副词形式是really，意为“真正地”。故填really。
53．句意：你可以在紫金山茂密的森林里漫步，呼吸新鲜空气。根据“enjoy…”可知，此处是固定搭配enjoy doing sth.，意为“喜欢做某事”。walk的动名词形式是walking。故填walking。
54．句意：当你走在这座城市里，身处摩天大楼与古老建筑之间时，你或许会觉得自己正处于现代与历史的交汇点。根据“…you walk in the city…you may feel…”可知，空处所在句子为时间状语从句，when意为“当……时候”，引导时间状语从句，首字母要大写。故填When。
55．句意：南京向来自世界各地的游客致以热烈的欢迎。根据“Nanjing…a warm welcome to visitors…”可知，此处描述南京现在的状态，时态为一般现在时，主语Nanjing是第三人称单数，谓语动词give应用第三人称单数形式gives。故填gives。
56．Three. 57．I can ask them to try to find time for my party. 58．A few days before the party. 59．It mainly tells us how to ask others to our party./How to ask others to our party. 60．希望你能够参加！
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了邀请人们参加聚会的艺术，包括小型聚会和大型聚会的不同邀请方式。
56．根据“If it is a small party you can just give a call to your friends and ask them to the party. You can even e-mail them or just leave a message for them.”小型聚会有三种邀请方式：打电话、发邮件、留言。故填Three.
57．根据“If the friend is not free, then ask him to try to find time for your party.”可知，如果朋友没空，就请他尽量抽时间参加你的聚会。故填I can ask them to try to find time for my party.
58．根据“You must send the cards a few days before the party so that they can have enough time to prepare for it.”可知，必须在聚会前几天发出邀请卡，以便他们有足够时间准备。故填A few days before the party.
59．通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了邀请人们参加聚会的不同方式。故填It mainly tells us how to ask others to our party./How to ask others to our party.
60．划线句“Hope you can make it!”是常见的聚会邀请用语，直译为“希望你能够参加”。故填：希望你能够参加！
61．
例文：
Plan My Future, Shape My World
I believe making plans is crucial for achieving goals. Here’s my yearly plan for 2026.
Firstly, I aim to improve my academic performance. I’ll study harder in math and English, doing extra exercises and reading more. Secondly, I want to master some life skills. I’ll learn to cook simple meals and do laundry by myself.
To achieve these, I’ll make a detailed timetable, balancing study and rest. I’ll also ask teachers and parents for help when needed.
Making plans helps me stay focused and organized. With clear goals and steps, I’m confident I can turn my dreams into reality and shape a better world for myself.
【解析】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态以“一般将来时”为主；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏“信息提示”中的要点，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表明写作意图。借用“制定计划对实现目标至关重要”来引出重点介绍的内容；
第二步，具体阐述写作内容。从“提升学科能力、掌握生活技能等目标”方面重点介绍2026年的新年计划的具体情况；
第三步，书写结语。表达“制定计划有助于保持专注和条理清晰，有信心将梦想变为现实”的愿望。
[亮点词汇]
①crucial至关重要的
②aim to do sth旨在做某事
③academic performance学业成绩
④master掌握
[高分句型]
①I believe making plans is crucial for achieving goals.（宾语从句）
②With clear goals and steps, I’m confident I can turn my dreams into reality and shape a better world for myself.（with复合结构）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年八年级上册英语鲁教版（五四学制）
期末素养评价培优卷
温馨提示：
1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分。满分90分。考试用时90分钟。考试结束后，将试题卷和答题卡一并交回。
2.答卷前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座号填写在试题卷和答题卡规定的位置上。
3.第Ⅰ卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。答案不能答在试题卷上。
4.第Ⅱ卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置，不能写在试题卷上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
第Ⅰ卷（选择题 共55分）
一、选择填空（共10小题，计10分）
从A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
1．She ________ her height with her sister’s and found she was taller.
A．compared B．challenged C．connected D．covered
2．When I got home last night, my parents ________ an interesting TV show.
A．is watching B．are watching C．was watching D．were watching
3．—You want to lose weight But why You look quite slim to me.
—That may be true. But I’m ________ than last year.
A．heavier B．heavy C．heaviest D．the heaviest
4．—David, who is your best Chinese friend in your school
—Wu Dong. He always comes to help me ________ I have difficulty in learning Chinese.
A．however B．whenever C．wherever D．whoever
5．Lots of people come to visit my hometown all the year round, ________ in spring.
A．specially B．especially C．probably D．actually
6．The box is ________ heavy that I can’t carry it.
A．such B．too C．very D．so
7．________ they feel tired, ________ they will keep working.
A．Because, so B．Although, but C．So, that D．Although, /
8．Jenny didn’t go to bed ________ her mother came home last night.
A．as soon as B．if C．when D．until
9．There are ________ many students in the hall ________ I can’t find an empty seat.
A．too; to B．as; as C．such; that D．so; that
10．Although he is young, ________ he knows a lot about history.
A．but B．so C．and D．/
二、完形填空（共10小题，计10分）
The Turtle was not satisfied (满意的) with his life. He wanted so much to 11 being a turtle.
“I’m tired of swimming in the sea and moving about on the beach. Life is not 12 , ” he thought. “I want to be able to fly in the air like an eagle.” He spoke to the Eagle about it.
“You’re not built for 13 , ” the Eagle told the Turtle. “You don’t have any wings.”
“Don’t 14 that,” answered the Turtle. “I’ve watched how the birds do it for a long time. I’ve watched 15 how they fly and do things in the air. I think I really got it. Though I don’t have 16 , I can make my four flippers (鳍足) act like wings of birds in the air, the way I do in the water. Just get me up there, and you’ll see I can fly as well as any of the birds—probably even 17 ! Besides, if you carry me as high as the clouds, I will bring you lots of nice pearls (珍珠) from the sea to show my thanks.”
The Eagle 18 at last, and carried the Turtle up high into the sky.
“Now then!” cried the Eagle. “Fly!”
But the moment the Turtle was on his own, he fell from the 19 . He fell like a stone, and on a stone he landed. He hit it with such force that he broke into little pieces.
We need to 20 ourselves better so that we can make wiser decisions.
11．A．continue B．stop C．try D．enjoy
12．A．interesting B．healthy C．busy D．hard
13．A．swimming B．running C．flying D．climbing
14．A．look after B．find out C．get ready for D．worry about
15．A．quickly B．carefully C．immediately D．seriously
16．A．wings B．hands C．arms D．shoulders
17．A．better B．lower C．nearer D．earlier
18．A．joked B．agreed C．won D．left
19．A．tree B．house C．sky D．mountain
20．A．relax B．forget C．improve D．understand
三、阅读理解（共20小题，计30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出能正确回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。
A
Elephants are the largest land animals on Earth. They have big, strong bodies, long noses, and huge ears.
Their noses are useful—they can pick up small branches as easily as you pick up a pencil, suck up water to drink, and even spray water on their backs to cool off. When it’s hot, elephants use their large ears to make wind, just like using a fan to stay cool on a summer day.
Elephants live in groups. An old mother elephant usually leads groups. She shows the group where to find food and water, and keeps them safe from danger. Baby elephants are loved and taken care of by all members. If a baby elephant falls behind, the others will wait for it. Elephants talk to each other with different sounds, they also touch noses, which is like giving each other a friendly handshake.
As plant-eaters, elephants spend most of their day eating grass, leaves, and fruits. An adult elephant can eat up to 300 kilograms of food a day—that’s as heavy as a small car! While eating, they break branches and push down small trees, which helps make open spaces in the forest. This lets sunlight reach the ground and helps new plants grow.
However, elephants are in trouble. People cut down trees to build houses and farms, so elephants are losing their homes. Also, some bad people kill them for their long teeth because the teeth can be sold for a lot of money. Now many people, groups, and governments are helping. They set up safe places for elephants to live, make laws against selling elephant teeth, and teach others why it’s important to protect them. Elephants play a big part in nature, and it’s our job to make sure they can live happily on Earth.
21．How do elephants cool themselves down when it’s hot
A．By hiding in the caves. B．By drinking a lot of cold water.
C．By using their large ears to make wind. D．By taking a bath in the river every day.
22．Why does the writer compare an elephant’s nose to a pencil-picking hand
A．To show the nose is as thin as a pencil. B．To explain how elephants draw with their noses.
C．To prove elephants can write like humans. D．To describe the nose’s strong and flexible ability.
23．What does the underlined word “them” in the last paragraph refer to
A．elephants B．government C．laws D．groups
24．Why are elephants in danger
A．They eat too much food every day. B．Forests are becoming too cold for them.
C．They have too many babies to feed. D．People cut down trees and kill them for their long teeth.
25．What can we infer from Paragraph 3
A．Baby elephants can protect themselves well. B．Elephant groups love and protect their young.
C．Mother elephants don't like taking care of babies alone. D．Baby elephants often get lost.
B
Welcome to Beijing Guozijian
Beijing Guozijian was an imperial college (皇家学院). It has a history of over 700 years. It’s enjoyable to visit the old buildings there. There are also a large number of books. And Guozijian is famous for its old trees. Some of them are about 700 years old.
May to October November to April
8: 30 a.m. ~6: 00 p.m. (ticket sale ends at 5: 00 p.m. ) 8: 30 a.m. ~5: 00 p.m. (ticket sale ends at 4: 30 p.m. )
Closed (关闭) on Monday
How to get there
By bus:
1. Take Bus No. 116 or 117 and get off at Yonghegong Station.
2. Take Bus No. 13 or 84 and get off at Guozijian Station.
By subway:
Take Subway Line 2 or 5 and get off at Yonghegong Station.
Tickets: 30 yuan
Free for students with a student ID card and young children.
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
26．What do we know about Beijing Guozijian
A．People built it about 1, 000 years ago. B．It is famous for many tall buildings.
C．People can go there every day. D．There are very old trees there.
27．Visitors can’t buy a ticket ________ in summer.
A．after 8:30 a.m. B．before 4:30 p.m.
C．after 5:00 p.m. D．before 5:00 p.m.
28．How can we get to Guozijian Station
A．By Bus No. 84. B．By Bus No. 117.
C．By Subway Line 2. D．By Subway Line 5.
29．If Mr and Mrs Li are going to Guozijian with their four-year-old daughter, how much should they pay
A．30 yuan. B．60 yuan. C．90 yuan. D．120 yuan.
30．Where can we find the reading above
A．In a travel guide. B．In a storybook.
C．In a science book. D．In a history book.
C
Do you like traveling Do you want to visit interesting places Here are some great places for you to visit in China.
Beijing
Beijing is the capital of China. It has a long history. There are many famous places to visit, like the Great Wall, the Forbidden City and Tian’anmen Square. The Great Wall is one of the greatest wonders in the world. It’s very long and amazing. You can walk on the Great Wall and enjoy the beautiful scenery. The Forbidden City was the home of emperors in ancient China. It has many beautiful buildings. Tian’anmen Square is the largest square in the world. You can see the national flag there.
Guilin
Guilin is in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. It’s famous for its beautiful mountains and rivers. The Li River is very famous. You can take a boat trip on the Li River and enjoy the beautiful views. The mountains there are strange and beautiful. Many people say “East or west, Guilin scenery is best.”
Chengdu
Chengdu is the capital of Sichuan Province. It’s a modern city with a long history. Chengdu is famous for pandas. You can visit the Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding. There you can see many cute pandas. They are very lovely. Chengdu is also famous for its delicious food, like hot pot and mapo tofu. If you like spicy food, you will love Chengdu.
31．How many places are mentioned in the passage
A．Two B．Three C．Four D．Five
32．What is Beijing famous for
A．Its beautiful mountains and rivers B．Pandas and delicious food
C．Long history and famous places D．Modern buildings
33．What can you do in Guilin
A．Visit the Great Wall B．See pandas
C．Take a boat trip on the Li River D．Eat hot pot
34．Where can you see pandas
A．In Beijing. B．In Guilin. C．In Chengdu. D．In Shanghai.
35．What does the underlined sentence “East or west, Guilin scenery is best.” mean
A．Guilin’s scenery is similar to most places.
B．Guilin’s scenery is better than any other place.
C．Guilin’s scenery is as beautiful as other places.
D．Guilin is a good place to visit.
D
In September, Chengdu No. 1 Middle School in Sichuan held a special activity. Teachers asked students
to share the stories of their family heirlooms (传家宝). Over 300 students took part in it, bringing their heirlooms to school and telling the stories behind them.
One of the students, 14-year-old Song Zhengchen, shared his family’s heirloom—a cassette player. His grandmother bought the player in the 1980s to listen to the news. Later, his mother used it to play music tapes. When Song was younger, his mother would often play old poems for him on the player. “Today, we have many new advanced music players. But we still keep it because it holds beautiful memories of my family,” Song said.
Another student, Xiao Yao, also 14, won first prize in the activity. Her heirlooms were some food coupons (粮票) from her grandmother. These coupons were used during a time when food was scarce. In the past, families could only buy a limited amount of food each month, and even rice required a food coupon. Xiao was amazed when her grandmother told her stories about this difficult time. “My grandma wants me to be thankful for what we have today and to work hard for a better future,” Xiao explained.
The heirloom stories shared by the students reflect the rich history and beautiful memories of their families. These items connect them to the past and remind them of the hardships their ancestors faced. Through these stories, we hope the students will carry on good family traditions, appreciate (欣赏) their family history, and continue to work hard for their future. By remembering the past, they can help build a better tomorrow for themselves, their families, and the country.
36．What did Song Zhengchen bring to show in the school activity
A．A cassette player. B．Music tapes. C．An old poem. D．Food coupons.
37．What does the underlined word “scarce” in Paragraph 3 mean
A．Expensive. B．Traditional. C．Not enough. D．Not difficult to get.
38．According to Xiao Yao, what is her grandmother’s hope for her
A．To study the history of food shortages in China.
B．To share her heirloom stories with others at school.
C．To keep the food coupons safe for future generations.
D．To be thankful and work hard for the future.
39．What is the structure of the article (P= Paragraph)
A． B． C． D．
40．What can be the best title for the passage
A．A School Activity B．Family Heirlooms and Their Stories
C．Expensive Family Heirlooms D．Better Country, Better Tomorrow
四、短文还原（共5小题，计5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
On cold winter nights when I was a boy, Mom would often let me help her make popcorn (爆米花) to eat while watching TV. 41 She would find an iron pot and light the fire under it. Then she would pour in a little oil and add some butter. Next she would put some kernels (玉米粒) in it. Together we would wait, listening to the sizzle of the oil until we heard the first kernel popping (爆裂). 42
After this we would all sit down in the living room, Dad and Nana in the chairs by the stove (炉子), and me, Mom, and my brothers on the sofa. 43
The fun thing is that I can’t really remember a single one of the programs that we watched on TV on those nights. What I can remember clearly, however, is the smell of the popcorn, the warmth of the bowl on my leg, the delicious taste of it, and most of all the joy I felt with Mom cuddled up (依偎) next to me. 44 There with my family all seemed right with the world. We didn’t have a huge home, a lot of money, or even fancy snacks from the store but we had love and that was all we needed.
45 Love everyone around you!
A．My brothers and I would argue about who got to hold the big bowl.
B．Mom made it in the old fashioned way.
C．There was always enough popcorn for everyone.
D．I felt so loved, so safe, and so happy.
E．In the end I think it is those little, shared moments of love that give life meaning.
F．Finally, Mom would pour them all into a huge bowl and shake salt all over them.
G．We would then enjoy the funny shows on TV together.
第Ⅱ卷（非选择题；共35分）
五、词汇应用（共10 小题，计10分）
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。
When someone mentions Nanjing, you probably think of an ancient city. This is because it used to be 46 capital city of six dynasties in Chinese history. It 47 (become) an important place even 2,000 years ago.
Nanjing, now the capital city of Jiangsu Province in China, has long been one of China’s most important 48 (city). Nanjing means “southern capital”. In Nanjing, you can still see many places of interest, for example, the Confucius Temple (夫子庙).
Another popular place to visit is the Qinhuai River. On the south bank of the river, there is the 49 (long) stretch (一段) of city wall in China. The 110-meter-long wall is all made of brick. The river 50 (it) is well-known for its amazing scenery. Visitors can enjoy the sight of the houses 51 green windows and red doors on both sides of the river. The scenery is 52 (real) wonderful during the Lantern Festival. You can see boats with beautiful lanterns floating on the river like bright dragons.
Nanjing also offers natural beauty. You can enjoy 53 (walk) in the lush (茂密的) forests and breathe the fresh air in the Purple Mountain. It’s a place that you cannot miss when you go to Nanjing.
54 you walk in the city, in the middle of skyscrapers and old buildings, you may feel you are at the crossroads of modernity and history. Nanjing 55 (give) a warm welcome to visitors from all over the world.
六、阅读表达（共5小题，计5分）
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题或翻译划线部分。
Asking people to a party is an art. You must think about what kind of party you’re going to have first. If it is a small party you can just give a call to your friends and ask them to the party. You can even e-mail them or just leave a message for them.
Now, calling someone is an art too. First, give a call to your friend, and then begin the talk by asking them about their life and family. Ask them about their schedules on the day of the party. If they say they are free, you can ask them to the party directly (直接地). If the friend is not free, then ask him to try to find time for your party.
If you’re going to have a big party and need to ask lots of people to your party, you must decide how many people you want at your party. Then you can write a list of them and send them beautiful invitation cards, because you may not have so much time to give them a call each. At the end of the invitation, you can write, “Hope you can make it!” You must send the cards a few days before the party so that they can have enough time to prepare for it.
56．How many ways can you use to invite your friends if your party is small
57．What can you do if your friends are busy
58．When should you send invitation cards if your party is big
59．What does the passage mainly tell us
60．将短文中划线句子翻译成中文。
七、书面表达（共1题，计20分）
61．2026年是我国“十五五”规划的开局之年。国家正是通过一个又一个五年计划，绘就了从积贫积弱到繁荣富强的世界奇迹。这告诉我们一个真理：伟大的成就，始于伟大的规划。同学们，我们个人的成长不也是一场精彩的远征吗？像国家一样规划我们的未来，我们也能将梦想的蓝图，一步步变为现实的风景!请写一篇短文，介绍你的周计划、新年计划或者未来生涯规划，以及你将如何落实。
要点：
Plan My Future, Shape My World
Plans Details Ways to Achieve
Weekly plan (学习、运动等具体安排) …
Yearly plan (提升学科能力、掌握生活技能等目标) …
Future career plan (职业方向及准备) …
Opinions on the importance of making plans
要求：
1. 周计划、新年计划、未来生涯规划三选一完成写作。
2. 文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等；词数不少于70。
/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
参考答案及试题解析
1．A
【解析】句意：她把自己的身高和她姐姐的身高作了比较，发现她更高。
考查动词辨析。compared比较；challenged挑战；connected连接；covered覆盖。根据“She...her height with her sister’s and found she was taller.”可知，此处是通过“比较”得出的发现，compare…with…“把……和……比较”。故选A。
2．D
【解析】句意：当昨晚我到家时，我的父母正在看一个有趣的电视节目。
考查过去进行时和主谓一致。根据“When I got home last night”可知，动作发生在过去某一具体时刻，需用过去进行时表示当时正在进行的动作“was/were+动词现在分词”；主语my parents为复数，be动词用were。故选D。
3．A
【解析】句意：—你想减肥？但为什么？在我看来你看起来很苗条。—那可能是真的。但我比去年更重。
考查形容词比较级。根据“That may be true. But I’m … than last year.”句式结构“ … than”可知，此处需用形容词“heavy”的比较级结构“heavier”，与“去年的体重进行对比”。故选A。
4．B
【解析】句意：——大卫，你在学校里最好的中国朋友是谁？——吴东。无论我什么时候学中文有困难，他总是来帮我。
考查连词辨析。however无论如何；whenever无论何时；wherever无论哪里；whoever无论谁。根据“I have difficulty in learning Chinese”可知，此处指无论我什么时候学中文有困难，他总是来帮我，用whenever引导时间状语从句。故选B。
5．B
【解析】句意：一年到头有很多人来我的家乡参观，尤其是在春天。
考查副词辨析。specially专门地；especially尤其；probably很可能；actually实际上。根据“Lots of people come to visit my hometown all the year round”可知，全年游客众多，但需强调春天是高峰期，因此用especially表示“尤其”以突出特定时间。故选B。
6．D
【解析】句意： 这盒子是如此重以至于我搬不动它。
考查so...that...结构。such如此，用于修饰名词；too太；very非常；so如此，用于修饰形容词/副词。根据句子结构，空格后接形容词heavy，且后面为that引导的结果从句，需用so修饰形容词形成固定搭配so...that...，表示“如此……以至于……”。故选D。
7．D
【解析】句意：尽管他们感到累，他们将继续工作。
考查连词用法。Because因为, so所以；Although尽管, but但是；So, that如此以至于；Although, /尽管。前句他们感到累，后句他们将继续工作。前后存在转折关系。所以用Although且Although不能和but同时出现。所以第二个空不填连词。故选D。
8．D
【解析】句意：Jenny昨晚直到她妈妈回家才上床睡觉。
考查连词辨析。as soon as一……就……；if如果；when当……时；until直到……为止。根据“Jenny didn’t go to bed...her mother came home”可知，句子需填连词；结合语境，句子表达“直到妈妈回家才睡觉”，核心考点是“not...until...”固定句型，意为“直到……才……”，引导时间状语从句。故选D。
9．D
【解析】句意：大厅里有如此多的学生以至于我找不到一个空座位。
考查短语辨析。too...to太……而不能……；as...as和……一样；such...that如此……以至于……，such后接名词；so...that如此……以至于……，so后接形容词或副词。根据“There are...many students in the hall...I can’t find an empty seat.”可知，此处表达的是大厅里学生太多以至于找不到空座位，many是形容词，所以用so...that...结构。故选D。
10．D
【解析】句意：虽然他很年轻，但他懂得很多历史知识。
考查让步状语从句的连词用法。but但是；so所以；and和；/不填。在英语中，although已表示让步关系，意为“虽然”，主句前不能再加but等连词，否则会造成语法错误。本句前半部分有“Although”，主句“he knows a lot about history”前无需任何连词。故选D。
11．B 12．A 13．C 14．D 15．B 16．A 17．A 18．B 19．C 20．D
【导语】本文是一则寓言故事。文章通过乌龟不满自己的生活，执意让老鹰带自己飞上天，最终坠落破碎的故事告诉我们：要认清自己才能做出明智的选择。
11．句意：他非常想要停止做一只乌龟。
continue继续 ；stop停止； try尝试；enjoy享受。根据“The Turtle was not satisfied with his life.”可知，乌龟对自己的生活不满意，想停止当一只乌龟。stop doing sth表示“停止做某事”。故选B。
12．句意：他心想：“我厌倦了在海里游泳和在沙滩上闲逛。生活一点都不有趣。我想要像老鹰一样在空中翱翔。”
interesting有趣的；healthy健康的；busy忙碌的；hard艰难的。根据“I’m tired of swimming in the sea and moving about on the beach.”可知，乌龟觉着自己的生活不有趣。故选A。
13．句意：老鹰告诉乌龟：“你天生就不适合飞行。你没有翅膀。”
swimming游泳；running跑；flying飞；climbing爬。根据“You don’t have any wings.”可知，老鹰是说乌龟不是为飞行而生的。故选C。
14．句意：乌龟回答：“别担心这个。”
look after照顾 ；find out查明；get ready for为……做准备；worry about担心。根据“I’ve watched how the birds do it for a long time. I’ve watched…I think I really got it.”可知，乌龟让老鹰别担心。故选D。
15．句意：我仔细观察过它们如何飞行、如何在空中活动。
quickly快速地；carefully仔细地；immediately立刻；seriously严肃地。根据“I’ve watched how the birds do it for a long time.”可知，乌龟是仔细观察过鸟儿的飞行。故选B。
16．句意：虽然我没有翅膀，但我可以让我的四个鳍足像鸟儿的翅膀一样在空中活动，就像我在水里做的那样。
wings翅膀；hands手；arms胳膊；shoulders肩膀。根据“You don’t have any wings.”可知，此处乌龟承认自己没翅膀。故选A。
17．句意：就把我带到那儿，你会看到我能和其他鸟儿飞得一样好 —— 甚至可能更好！
better更好；lower更低；nearer更近；earlier更早。根据“I can fly as well as any of the birds”和“even”可知，乌龟觉得自己能飞得更好。故选A。
18．句意：老鹰最终同意了，把乌龟带到了高空。
joked开玩笑； agreed同意；won获胜；left离开。根据“and carried the Turtle up high into the sky”可知，老鹰最终同意了乌龟的请求。故选B。
19．句意：但乌龟一独立（被放开），就从天上掉了下来。
tree树；house房子；sky天空；mountain山。根据“and carried the Turtle up high into the sky”可知，乌龟是从天空坠落。故选C。
20．句意：我们需要更好地了解自己，才能做出更明智的决定。
relax放松；forget忘记；improve提升；understand了解。乌龟不满自己的生活，执意让老鹰带自己飞上天，最终坠落破碎，所以此处是说要认清自己才能做出明智的选择。故选D。
21．C 22．D 23．A 24．D 25．B
【导语】本文介绍了大象的外形特点、生活习性、在生态系统中的作用，以及它们因人类活动而面临的生存危机和保护措施 。
21．细节理解题。根据“When it’s hot, elephants use their large ears to make wind, just like using a fan to stay cool on a summer day.”可知，大象在热的时候用它们的大耳朵扇风来降温。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据“Their noses are useful—they can pick up small branches as easily as you pick up a pencil”可知，作者把大象的鼻子比作捡铅笔的手，是为了描述大象鼻子的强大和灵活的能力。故选D。
23．词句猜测题。根据“People cut down trees to build houses and farms, so elephants are losing their homes. Also, some bad people kill them for their long teeth because the teeth can be sold for a lot of money.”可知，人们砍伐树木来建造房屋和农场，因此大象正在失去它们的家园。此外，一些不法分子为了获取它们的长牙而捕杀大象，因为象牙可以卖很多钱。由此可知“them”指代的是大象。故选A。
24．细节理解题。根据“People cut down trees to build houses and farms, so elephants are losing their homes. Also, some bad people kill them for their long teeth because the teeth can be sold for a lot of money.”可知，人们砍伐树木建造房屋和农场，大象正在失去它们的家园，而且一些坏人为了象牙而杀死它们，因为象牙可以卖很多钱，所以大象处于危险之中。故选D。
25．推理判断题。根据“Baby elephants are loved and taken care of by all members. If a baby elephant falls behind, the others will wait for it.”可知，小象受到所有成员的喜爱和照顾，如果小象落后了，其他的象会等它，由此可推断象群爱护并保护它们的幼崽。故选B。
26．D 27．C 28．A 29．B 30．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了北京国子监的历史、特色、开放时间、交通方式及门票信息。
26．细节理解题。根据第一段“Guozijian is famous for its old trees. Some of them are about 700 years old.”可知，国子监以古树闻名。故选D。
27．细节理解题。根据表格中“May to October”部分“ticket sale ends at 5:00 p.m.”可知，夏季下午5点后无法购票。故选C。
28．细节理解题。根据“By bus”部分“Take Bus No. 13 or 84 and get off at Guozijian Station.”可知，乘坐84路公交可到达国子监站。故选A。
29．推理判断题。根据“Tickets”部分“30 yuan”和“Free for students with a student ID card and young children.”可知，成人需付费，4岁女儿免费，因此共需60元。故选B。
30．推理判断题。全文围绕国子监的游览信息展开，属于旅游指南类内容。故选A。
31．B 32．C 33．C 34．C 35．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国三个著名的旅游城市：北京、桂林和成都，分别介绍了它们的历史、著名景点和特色。
31．细节理解题。根据“Beijing”、“Guilin”以及“Chengdu”可知，共提到三个地方。故选B。
32．细节理解题。根据“Beijing is the capital of China. It has a long history. There are many famous places to visit…”可知，北京以悠久的历史和著名景点闻名。故选C。
33．细节理解题。根据“Guilin…You can take a boat trip on the Li River and enjoy the beautiful views.”可知，在桂林可以乘船游览漓江。故选C。
34．细节理解题。根据“Chengdu is famous for pandas. You can visit the Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding.”可知，在成都可以看到熊猫。故选C。
35．词句猜测题。根据“Many people say ‘East or west, Guilin scenery is best.’”及上下文描述桂林山水之美可知，这句话意为“桂林山水甲天下”，B项符合。故选B。
36．A 37．C 38．D 39．B 40．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了成都第一中学举办分享传家宝故事的活动，通过两个学生分享的传家宝故事，展现了传家宝承载的家庭历史和美好回忆，以及对学生传承家庭传统、珍惜家庭历史、努力未来的期望。
36．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“One of the students, 14 - year - old Song Zhengchen, shared his family’s heirloom—a cassette player.”可知，宋正臣在学校活动中展示的是一台卡式录音机。故选A。
37．词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“These coupons were used during a time when food was scarce. In the past, families could only buy a limited amount of food each month, and even rice required a food coupon.”可知，在过去，家庭每月只能购买有限数量的食物，甚至大米也需要粮票，由此可推断出当时食物是不充足的，“scarce”意为“不足的，缺乏的”，与“Not enough”意思相近。故选C。
38．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“My grandma wants me to be thankful for what we have today and to work hard for a better future”可知，小姚的祖母希望她感恩现在所拥有的，并为美好的未来而努力。故选D。
39．篇章结构题。文章第一段总述成都第一中学举办分享传家宝故事的活动，第二、三段分别讲述两个学生分享的传家宝故事，第四段总结传家宝故事的意义以及对学生的期望。因此文章结构为总分总。故选B。
40．最佳标题题。文章主要围绕成都第一中学举办的分享传家宝故事的活动展开，通过两个学生分享的传家宝故事，展现了传家宝承载的家庭历史和美好回忆，所以“Family Heirlooms and Their Stories”最能概括文章主旨。故选B。
41．B 42．F 43．C 44．D 45．E
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者对童年家庭温馨时光的回忆，一起制作爆米花、看电视的温馨时光，以及这些时刻体现的爱与幸福。
41．根据“She would find an iron pot and light the fire under it. Then she would pour in a little oil and add some butter. Next she would put some kernels in it.”可知，此处是描述妈妈用传统方式制作爆米花，选项B“妈妈用老式方法做的。”符合语境。故选B。
42．根据“Together we would wait, listening to the sizzle of the oil until we heard the first kernel popping.”可知，前面是制作爆米花的步骤，此处应衔接后续完成爆米花的操作，选项F“最后，妈妈会把它们全都倒进一个大碗里，然后在上面撒满盐。”符合语境。故选F。
43．根据“After this we would all sit down in the living room, Dad and Nana in the chairs by the stove, and me, Mom, and my brothers on the sofa.”可知，大家都坐好准备享用爆米花，选项C“总有足够的爆米花分给每个人。”符合语境。故选C。
44．根据“What I can remember clearly, however, is the smell of the popcorn, the warmth of the bowl on my leg, the delicious taste of it, and most of all the joy I felt with Mom cuddled up next to me.”可知，此处是描述这些场景带来的情感体验，选项D“我感到被深深爱着，如此安全，如此幸福。” 符合语境。故选D。
45．根据“Love every one around you!”可知，此处是总结这些爱的共享时刻的意义，引出后续的建议，选项E“最终，我认为正是那些微小而共同分享的爱的瞬间赋予了生命意义。”符合语境。故选E。
46．the 47．became 48．cities 49．longest 50．itself 51．with 52．really 53．walking 54．When 55．gives
【导语】本文主要介绍了古都南京的历史地位、著名景点以及古今交融的独特魅力。
46．句意：这是因为它曾是中国历史上六个朝代的都城。根据“…capital city of six dynasties”可知，此处特指六朝古都，应用定冠词the表示特指。故填the。
47．句意：甚至在2000年前，它就成了一个重要的地方。根据“even 2,000 years ago”可知，事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时，become的过去式是became。故填became。
48．句意：南京如今是中国江苏省的省会，长期以来一直是中国最重要的城市之一。根据“one of China’s most important…”可知，此处是“one of+形容词最高级+名词复数”结构，表示“……中最……之一”。city是可数名词，其复数形式为cities。故填cities。
49．句意：在秦淮河的南岸，有中国最长的一段城墙。根据“the…stretch (一段) of city wall in China”可知，此处表示有中国最长的一段城墙，the后用long的最高级longest。故填longest。
50．句意：秦淮河本身因其绝美的景色而闻名。根据“The river…is well-known for its amazing scenery.”可知，此处作主语同位语，表示秦淮河本身因其绝美的景色而闻名，应用反身代词起强调作用，it的反身代词是itself。故填itself。
51．句意：游客可以欣赏到河两岸那些有着绿窗红门的房屋景致。根据“houses…green windows and red doors”可知，此处表示伴随状态或特征，意为“带有”，应用介词with，with green windows and red doors作后置定语修饰houses。故填with。
52．句意：元宵节期间，这里的景色格外美妙。根据“The scenery is…wonderful”可知，空格处修饰形容词wonderful，应用副词，real的副词形式是really，意为“真正地”。故填really。
53．句意：你可以在紫金山茂密的森林里漫步，呼吸新鲜空气。根据“enjoy…”可知，此处是固定搭配enjoy doing sth.，意为“喜欢做某事”。walk的动名词形式是walking。故填walking。
54．句意：当你走在这座城市里，身处摩天大楼与古老建筑之间时，你或许会觉得自己正处于现代与历史的交汇点。根据“…you walk in the city…you may feel…”可知，空处所在句子为时间状语从句，when意为“当……时候”，引导时间状语从句，首字母要大写。故填When。
55．句意：南京向来自世界各地的游客致以热烈的欢迎。根据“Nanjing…a warm welcome to visitors…”可知，此处描述南京现在的状态，时态为一般现在时，主语Nanjing是第三人称单数，谓语动词give应用第三人称单数形式gives。故填gives。
56．Three. 57．I can ask them to try to find time for my party. 58．A few days before the party. 59．It mainly tells us how to ask others to our party./How to ask others to our party. 60．希望你能够参加！
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了邀请人们参加聚会的艺术，包括小型聚会和大型聚会的不同邀请方式。
56．根据“If it is a small party you can just give a call to your friends and ask them to the party. You can even e-mail them or just leave a message for them.”小型聚会有三种邀请方式：打电话、发邮件、留言。故填Three.
57．根据“If the friend is not free, then ask him to try to find time for your party.”可知，如果朋友没空，就请他尽量抽时间参加你的聚会。故填I can ask them to try to find time for my party.
58．根据“You must send the cards a few days before the party so that they can have enough time to prepare for it.”可知，必须在聚会前几天发出邀请卡，以便他们有足够时间准备。故填A few days before the party.
59．通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了邀请人们参加聚会的不同方式。故填It mainly tells us how to ask others to our party./How to ask others to our party.
60．划线句“Hope you can make it!”是常见的聚会邀请用语，直译为“希望你能够参加”。故填：希望你能够参加！
61．
例文：
Plan My Future, Shape My World
I believe making plans is crucial for achieving goals. Here’s my yearly plan for 2026.
Firstly, I aim to improve my academic performance. I’ll study harder in math and English, doing extra exercises and reading more. Secondly, I want to master some life skills. I’ll learn to cook simple meals and do laundry by myself.
To achieve these, I’ll make a detailed timetable, balancing study and rest. I’ll also ask teachers and parents for help when needed.
Making plans helps me stay focused and organized. With clear goals and steps, I’m confident I can turn my dreams into reality and shape a better world for myself.
【解析】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态以“一般将来时”为主；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏“信息提示”中的要点，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表明写作意图。借用“制定计划对实现目标至关重要”来引出重点介绍的内容；
第二步，具体阐述写作内容。从“提升学科能力、掌握生活技能等目标”方面重点介绍2026年的新年计划的具体情况；
第三步，书写结语。表达“制定计划有助于保持专注和条理清晰，有信心将梦想变为现实”的愿望。
[亮点词汇]
①crucial至关重要的
②aim to do sth旨在做某事
③academic performance学业成绩
④master掌握
[高分句型]
①I believe making plans is crucial for achieving goals.（宾语从句）
②With clear goals and steps, I’m confident I can turn my dreams into reality and shape a better world for myself.（with复合结构）
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