人教版（2019）选择性必修四Unit 1 Science Fiction Reading and Thinking 专练（含解析）
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）选择性必修四Unit 1 Science Fiction Reading and Thinking 专练（含解析） |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2026-01-16 00:00:00 | ||
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Unit 1 Science Fiction
Reading and Thinking
考点1·单词拼写
1. I was a little ________ (内疚的) about having shouted at her.
2. Claire gradually admired his wisdom and i________ (正直) and began to trust him.
3. I read everything from ________ (小说) to history.
4. ________ (尊严) and pride run deep in our nation.
5. Every month Mr. Blank sets aside 100 dollars out of his ________ (薪水) for his old age.
考点2·语法填空
6. Sometimes we keep remembering our failures or mistakes and feel guilty ________ them. We let them take over, and then we develop a fear.
7. The school has strict safety measures, including the rule that strangers are not allowed to come in without an ________ (appoint).
8. Whoever disobeys the company's regulations and causes huge economic losses for the company will be dismissed ________ the job.
9. The benefits of regular exercise are well documented but there's ________ new bonus to add to the ever-growing list.
10. The new mechanism is not ready to go into production yet, because it isn't fully tested ________.
考点3·阅读理解
The interplay between literature and scientific research has been evident throughout history. At a surface level, literature often anticipates future scientific developments, and science, in turn, provides a rich source of inspiration for literary creation. However, the interaction between these two goes beyond mere creativity; it invites deeper thoughts on the ethical (道德的) and philosophical impacts of technological advancements.
For instance, science fiction works like Isaac Asimov's I, Robot play a direct role in shaping and inspiring the development of artificial intelligence (AI). This book pictures a future where robots coexist with humans and are governed by the "Three Laws of Robotics". These laws not only influence real-world AI research but also become a cornerstone in the debate surrounding AI ethics. These fictional laws provide more than just a blueprint for scientists; they serve as a bridge, making complex technological issues easier for the public to grasp.
Yet, the influence of literature on science extends even further. Take Liu Cixin's The Three-Body Problem as an example. The scientists in this fiction are not merely pioneers of scientific breakthroughs — they also represent the difficult choices and inner conflicts that humanity faces. Through their struggles, Liu presents a profound question: As science pushes us into new territory, are we truly prepared to bear the responsibility for the unforeseen impacts of technological advancements in the future
The true value of literature in relation to science is its ability to stir the pot. It not only questions what we can achieve through science but also whether we should pursue these achievements. While science focuses on problem-solving and innovation, literature makes us consider the broader influence on nature and society, ensuring our progress is guided by wisdom, understanding, and humanity.
11. What do we know about I, Robot
A. It instructs scientists in detail.
B. It boosts research on bridges.
C. It facilitates public access to science.
D. It sets laws for robots in the real world.
12. Why does the author mention The Three-Body Problem
A. To point out the complexity of science.
B. To warn about the dangers of technology.
C. To show literature's moral concerns about science.
D. To suggest literature's direct influence on innovation.
13. What do the underlined words "stir the pot" in paragraph 4 mean
A. Explore and explain.
B. Challenge and reflect.
C. Assume and examine.
D. Educate and entertain.
14. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Science: the Blueprint of Literature
B. Science: a Whisper in Literature's Ear
C. Literature: a Critical Insight into Science
D. Literature: the Gateway to Scientific Ideas
能力拔高题
Harvesting fruits is a very demanding job. If pickers are not available, fruits will rot on the trees. But with pickers in short supply in recent years, growers needed to quickly find another way to harvest their fruits. 15._________
An Israeli company, Tevel, has developed these flying autonomous robots. The robots fly over a tree and pick fruits with their arms. They are fitted with cameras that use AI to assess the size and color of the fruit. 16._________ In addition, they can collect more fruits than a picker during a given time.
17._________ The flying robots are connected to a platform that acts as the power source so that they never run out of power. They will work all day and night in any weather without taking a break.
Dozens of these smart robots can be used across an orchard (果园) during the time when
the fruit is ready to be harvested. The farmers just need to tell the company how many flying robots they need and how long they will use them. 18._________
The robots are now picking pears in Israel. The company also plans to add more tasks to the robot's function. 19._________ In the future, fewer people will work in picking and more people will work in managing the robots, analyzing the data and making decisions.
A. So only the ripe ones are collected.
B. Now a new type of robot can come to their help.
C. Finding fruit pickers is farmers' biggest concern.
D. They can receive timely information from the robots.
E. Another advantage of the robots is that they never feel tired.
F. Then the company will transport the robots to their orchards.
G. For example, they can be used to cut off branches and water fruits.
答案以及解析
1. 答案：guilty
解析：考查形容词。句意：我对她大喊大叫，感到有点内疚。根据句意和汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词guilty，作表语。故填guilty.
2. 答案：integrity/ntegrity
解析：考查名词。句意：克莱尔渐渐欣赏他的智慧和正直，并开始信任他。his后跟名词，由首字母提示i可知，“正直”是integrity，是不可数名词，故填integrity。
3. 答案：fiction
解析：考查名词。句意：从小说到历史，我什么都读，分析句子结构可知，空格处位于介词from之后，所以空格处要填名词；根据括号内汉语提示，可知此处要填名词“fiction”；fiction“小说”是不可数名词，所以直接填原词。故填fiction。
4. 答案：Dignity
解析：考查名词。句意：尊严和骄傲深深植根于我们的民族，根据句意和汉语提示可知，应填入名词dignity与名词pride一起作句子主语，抽象名词，不可数；句首单词首字母大写。故填Dignity。
5. 答案：salary/wage/pay
解析：考查名词。句意：布兰克先生每个月从他的薪水中为他的晚年留出l00美元。根据句意和汉语提示应填名词salary/wage/pay作宾语，根据句意此处用作单数，pay是不可数名词，故填salary/wage/pay。
6. 答案：about/at
解析：句意为：有时，我们总是想起自己的失败或错误，并为此感到内疚。我们被它们左右，然后我们产生了恐惧。be/feel guilty about/at为固定搭配，意为“对……感到愧疚”。
7. 答案：appointment
解析：句意为：这所学校有严格的安全措施，包括未经预约不允许陌生人进入的规定。此处作介词without 的宾语，且空前有不定冠词an修饰，应用名词形式。故填appointment。
8. 答案：from
解析：句意为：凡违反公司规定，并给公司造成重大经济损失的，一律予以解雇。dismiss sb from sth为固定搭配，意为“免去某人的职位”，此处是其被动形式。故填from。
9. 答案：a
解析：句意为：经常锻炼的好处有据可查，但在不断增加的（益处）清单上，又添了一项新的好处。bonus为可数名词，此处泛指“一项新的额外好处”，所以应用不定冠词修饰，又因为new的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
10. 答案：out
解析：句意为：新的机械装置还没有准备好投入生产，因为它还没有完全经过检验。test out为固定搭配，意为“检验；测试”。故填out。
11. 答案：C
解析：题意为：关于《我，机器人》这本书我们知道什么？A. 它详细地指导科学家。B. 它促进了桥的研究。C. 它使公众更接近科学。D. 它为现实世界中的机器人设定法律。根据第二段中These laws not only influence the real-world AI research but also become a cornerstone in the debate surrounding AI ethics. These fictional laws provide more than just a blueprint for scientists; they serve as a bridge. making complex technological issues easier for the public to grasp. (这些法律不仅影响现实世界中的人工智能研究，而且成为围绕人工智能伦理的辩论的基石。这些虚构的法律不仅仅为科学家提供了一幅蓝图；它们是一座桥梁。使复杂的技术问题更容易被公众理解。)可知，《我，机器人》这本书使公众更接近科学。故选C。
12. 答案：C
解析：题意为：为什么作者提到《三体》 A. 指出科学的复杂性。B. 警告技术的危险。C. 表明文学对科学的道德关注。D. 提出文学对创新的直接影响。根据第三段中The scientists in this fiction are not merely pioneers of scientific breakthroughs; they also represent the difficult choices and inner conflicts that humanity faces. (这部小说中的科学家不仅仅是科学突破的先驱；他们也代表人类面临的艰难选择和内心冲突)以及Through their struggles, Liu presents a profound question: As science pushes us into a new territory, are we truly prepared to bear the responsibility for the unforeseen consequences of our actions (通过他们的斗争，刘提出了一个深刻的问题：随着科学把我们推向一个新的领域，我们真的准备好要为我们的行为所带来的不可预见的后果承担责任吗？)可知，作者提到《三体》是为了表明文学对科学的道德关注。故选C。
13. 答案：B
解析：题意为：第四段中划线的单词“stir the pot”是什么意思？A. 探索和解释。B. 挑战和反思。C. 假设和检查。D. 教育和娱乐。根据第四段中It not only questions what we can achieve through science but also whether we should pursue these achievements. (它不仅质疑我们通过科学可以取得什么成就，而且还质疑我们是否应该追求这些成就。)可知，划线部分的意思是“质疑”，与“挑战和反思”意思相近。故选B。
14. 答案：C
解析：题意为：哪个标题适合文章？A. 科学：文学的蓝图。B. 科学：文学中听到的耳语。C. 文学：对科学的重要见解。D. 文学：科学思想的大门。根据第一段中The interaction between literature and science can be traced back to ancient times. (文学与科学之间的相互作用可以追溯到古代。)以及第二段中For instance, science fiction has been regarded as a popular route to establish a link between science and literature. (例如，科幻小说被认为是建立科学与文学之间联系的流行途径。)可知，本文主要讲述了文学与科学之间的相互影响。故选C。
16. 答案：B
解析：根据上文“Harvesting fruits is a very demanding job. If pickers are not available. fruits will rot on the trees. But with pickers in short supply in recent years, growers needed to quickly find another way to harvest their fruits. (收获水果是一项要求很高的工作。如果没有采摘机，水果会烂在树上。但由于近年来采摘者供不应求，种植者需要迅速找到另一种收获水果的方法)”以及“An Israeli company, Tevel, has developed these flying autonomous robots. (以色列的一家公司Tevel开发了这些自动飞行机器人。)”可知，文章接下来要介绍一种可以帮助农民采摘水果的机器人。选项B“现在，一种新型机器人可以帮助他们。”和上下文意思一致。故选B。
16. 答案：A
解析：根据上文“The robots fly over a tree and pick fruits with its arms. They are fitted with cameras that use AI to assess the size and color of the fruit. (机器人飞过一棵树，用手臂摘水果。他们安装了摄像头，使用AI来评估水果的大小和颜色。) ”可知，这里说明机器人要采摘什么样的水果。选项A“所以只收集成熟的。”和上文意思一致。故选A。
17. 答案：E
解析：根据下文“The flying robots are connected to a platform that acts as the power source so that they never run out of power. They will work all day and night in any weather without taking a break. (飞行机器人连接到一个平台上，该平台充当电源，因此它们永远不会耗尽电力。他们将在任何天气下没日没夜地工作，不休息。) ”可知，这一段讲述机器人不会感到累。选项E“机器人的另一个优点是它们从不感到疲劳。”和下文意思一致。故选E。
18. 答案：F
解析：根据上文“Dozens of these smart robots can be used across an orchard (果园) during the time when the fruit is ready to be harvested. The farmers just need to tell the company how many flying robots they need and how long they will use them. (几十个这样的智能机器人可以在水果准备收获的时候在整个果园中使用。农民们只需要告诉公司他们需要多少飞行机器人，他们将使用多长时间。) ”可知，这一段讲述机器人采摘水果的步骤。选项F“然后公司将把机器人运送到他们的果园。”和上文意思一致。故选F。
19. 答案：G
解析：根据上文“The company also plans to add more tasks to the robot's function. (该公司还计划为机器人的功能增加更多的任务。)”可知，接下来要介绍该公司为机器人增加的功能和任务。选项C“例如，它们可以用来切断树枝和浇水。”和上文意思一致。故选G。
Reading and Thinking
考点1·单词拼写
1. I was a little ________ (内疚的) about having shouted at her.
2. Claire gradually admired his wisdom and i________ (正直) and began to trust him.
3. I read everything from ________ (小说) to history.
4. ________ (尊严) and pride run deep in our nation.
5. Every month Mr. Blank sets aside 100 dollars out of his ________ (薪水) for his old age.
考点2·语法填空
6. Sometimes we keep remembering our failures or mistakes and feel guilty ________ them. We let them take over, and then we develop a fear.
7. The school has strict safety measures, including the rule that strangers are not allowed to come in without an ________ (appoint).
8. Whoever disobeys the company's regulations and causes huge economic losses for the company will be dismissed ________ the job.
9. The benefits of regular exercise are well documented but there's ________ new bonus to add to the ever-growing list.
10. The new mechanism is not ready to go into production yet, because it isn't fully tested ________.
考点3·阅读理解
The interplay between literature and scientific research has been evident throughout history. At a surface level, literature often anticipates future scientific developments, and science, in turn, provides a rich source of inspiration for literary creation. However, the interaction between these two goes beyond mere creativity; it invites deeper thoughts on the ethical (道德的) and philosophical impacts of technological advancements.
For instance, science fiction works like Isaac Asimov's I, Robot play a direct role in shaping and inspiring the development of artificial intelligence (AI). This book pictures a future where robots coexist with humans and are governed by the "Three Laws of Robotics". These laws not only influence real-world AI research but also become a cornerstone in the debate surrounding AI ethics. These fictional laws provide more than just a blueprint for scientists; they serve as a bridge, making complex technological issues easier for the public to grasp.
Yet, the influence of literature on science extends even further. Take Liu Cixin's The Three-Body Problem as an example. The scientists in this fiction are not merely pioneers of scientific breakthroughs — they also represent the difficult choices and inner conflicts that humanity faces. Through their struggles, Liu presents a profound question: As science pushes us into new territory, are we truly prepared to bear the responsibility for the unforeseen impacts of technological advancements in the future
The true value of literature in relation to science is its ability to stir the pot. It not only questions what we can achieve through science but also whether we should pursue these achievements. While science focuses on problem-solving and innovation, literature makes us consider the broader influence on nature and society, ensuring our progress is guided by wisdom, understanding, and humanity.
11. What do we know about I, Robot
A. It instructs scientists in detail.
B. It boosts research on bridges.
C. It facilitates public access to science.
D. It sets laws for robots in the real world.
12. Why does the author mention The Three-Body Problem
A. To point out the complexity of science.
B. To warn about the dangers of technology.
C. To show literature's moral concerns about science.
D. To suggest literature's direct influence on innovation.
13. What do the underlined words "stir the pot" in paragraph 4 mean
A. Explore and explain.
B. Challenge and reflect.
C. Assume and examine.
D. Educate and entertain.
14. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Science: the Blueprint of Literature
B. Science: a Whisper in Literature's Ear
C. Literature: a Critical Insight into Science
D. Literature: the Gateway to Scientific Ideas
能力拔高题
Harvesting fruits is a very demanding job. If pickers are not available, fruits will rot on the trees. But with pickers in short supply in recent years, growers needed to quickly find another way to harvest their fruits. 15._________
An Israeli company, Tevel, has developed these flying autonomous robots. The robots fly over a tree and pick fruits with their arms. They are fitted with cameras that use AI to assess the size and color of the fruit. 16._________ In addition, they can collect more fruits than a picker during a given time.
17._________ The flying robots are connected to a platform that acts as the power source so that they never run out of power. They will work all day and night in any weather without taking a break.
Dozens of these smart robots can be used across an orchard (果园) during the time when
the fruit is ready to be harvested. The farmers just need to tell the company how many flying robots they need and how long they will use them. 18._________
The robots are now picking pears in Israel. The company also plans to add more tasks to the robot's function. 19._________ In the future, fewer people will work in picking and more people will work in managing the robots, analyzing the data and making decisions.
A. So only the ripe ones are collected.
B. Now a new type of robot can come to their help.
C. Finding fruit pickers is farmers' biggest concern.
D. They can receive timely information from the robots.
E. Another advantage of the robots is that they never feel tired.
F. Then the company will transport the robots to their orchards.
G. For example, they can be used to cut off branches and water fruits.
答案以及解析
1. 答案：guilty
解析：考查形容词。句意：我对她大喊大叫，感到有点内疚。根据句意和汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词guilty，作表语。故填guilty.
2. 答案：integrity/ntegrity
解析：考查名词。句意：克莱尔渐渐欣赏他的智慧和正直，并开始信任他。his后跟名词，由首字母提示i可知，“正直”是integrity，是不可数名词，故填integrity。
3. 答案：fiction
解析：考查名词。句意：从小说到历史，我什么都读，分析句子结构可知，空格处位于介词from之后，所以空格处要填名词；根据括号内汉语提示，可知此处要填名词“fiction”；fiction“小说”是不可数名词，所以直接填原词。故填fiction。
4. 答案：Dignity
解析：考查名词。句意：尊严和骄傲深深植根于我们的民族，根据句意和汉语提示可知，应填入名词dignity与名词pride一起作句子主语，抽象名词，不可数；句首单词首字母大写。故填Dignity。
5. 答案：salary/wage/pay
解析：考查名词。句意：布兰克先生每个月从他的薪水中为他的晚年留出l00美元。根据句意和汉语提示应填名词salary/wage/pay作宾语，根据句意此处用作单数，pay是不可数名词，故填salary/wage/pay。
6. 答案：about/at
解析：句意为：有时，我们总是想起自己的失败或错误，并为此感到内疚。我们被它们左右，然后我们产生了恐惧。be/feel guilty about/at为固定搭配，意为“对……感到愧疚”。
7. 答案：appointment
解析：句意为：这所学校有严格的安全措施，包括未经预约不允许陌生人进入的规定。此处作介词without 的宾语，且空前有不定冠词an修饰，应用名词形式。故填appointment。
8. 答案：from
解析：句意为：凡违反公司规定，并给公司造成重大经济损失的，一律予以解雇。dismiss sb from sth为固定搭配，意为“免去某人的职位”，此处是其被动形式。故填from。
9. 答案：a
解析：句意为：经常锻炼的好处有据可查，但在不断增加的（益处）清单上，又添了一项新的好处。bonus为可数名词，此处泛指“一项新的额外好处”，所以应用不定冠词修饰，又因为new的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
10. 答案：out
解析：句意为：新的机械装置还没有准备好投入生产，因为它还没有完全经过检验。test out为固定搭配，意为“检验；测试”。故填out。
11. 答案：C
解析：题意为：关于《我，机器人》这本书我们知道什么？A. 它详细地指导科学家。B. 它促进了桥的研究。C. 它使公众更接近科学。D. 它为现实世界中的机器人设定法律。根据第二段中These laws not only influence the real-world AI research but also become a cornerstone in the debate surrounding AI ethics. These fictional laws provide more than just a blueprint for scientists; they serve as a bridge. making complex technological issues easier for the public to grasp. (这些法律不仅影响现实世界中的人工智能研究，而且成为围绕人工智能伦理的辩论的基石。这些虚构的法律不仅仅为科学家提供了一幅蓝图；它们是一座桥梁。使复杂的技术问题更容易被公众理解。)可知，《我，机器人》这本书使公众更接近科学。故选C。
12. 答案：C
解析：题意为：为什么作者提到《三体》 A. 指出科学的复杂性。B. 警告技术的危险。C. 表明文学对科学的道德关注。D. 提出文学对创新的直接影响。根据第三段中The scientists in this fiction are not merely pioneers of scientific breakthroughs; they also represent the difficult choices and inner conflicts that humanity faces. (这部小说中的科学家不仅仅是科学突破的先驱；他们也代表人类面临的艰难选择和内心冲突)以及Through their struggles, Liu presents a profound question: As science pushes us into a new territory, are we truly prepared to bear the responsibility for the unforeseen consequences of our actions (通过他们的斗争，刘提出了一个深刻的问题：随着科学把我们推向一个新的领域，我们真的准备好要为我们的行为所带来的不可预见的后果承担责任吗？)可知，作者提到《三体》是为了表明文学对科学的道德关注。故选C。
13. 答案：B
解析：题意为：第四段中划线的单词“stir the pot”是什么意思？A. 探索和解释。B. 挑战和反思。C. 假设和检查。D. 教育和娱乐。根据第四段中It not only questions what we can achieve through science but also whether we should pursue these achievements. (它不仅质疑我们通过科学可以取得什么成就，而且还质疑我们是否应该追求这些成就。)可知，划线部分的意思是“质疑”，与“挑战和反思”意思相近。故选B。
14. 答案：C
解析：题意为：哪个标题适合文章？A. 科学：文学的蓝图。B. 科学：文学中听到的耳语。C. 文学：对科学的重要见解。D. 文学：科学思想的大门。根据第一段中The interaction between literature and science can be traced back to ancient times. (文学与科学之间的相互作用可以追溯到古代。)以及第二段中For instance, science fiction has been regarded as a popular route to establish a link between science and literature. (例如，科幻小说被认为是建立科学与文学之间联系的流行途径。)可知，本文主要讲述了文学与科学之间的相互影响。故选C。
16. 答案：B
解析：根据上文“Harvesting fruits is a very demanding job. If pickers are not available. fruits will rot on the trees. But with pickers in short supply in recent years, growers needed to quickly find another way to harvest their fruits. (收获水果是一项要求很高的工作。如果没有采摘机，水果会烂在树上。但由于近年来采摘者供不应求，种植者需要迅速找到另一种收获水果的方法)”以及“An Israeli company, Tevel, has developed these flying autonomous robots. (以色列的一家公司Tevel开发了这些自动飞行机器人。)”可知，文章接下来要介绍一种可以帮助农民采摘水果的机器人。选项B“现在，一种新型机器人可以帮助他们。”和上下文意思一致。故选B。
16. 答案：A
解析：根据上文“The robots fly over a tree and pick fruits with its arms. They are fitted with cameras that use AI to assess the size and color of the fruit. (机器人飞过一棵树，用手臂摘水果。他们安装了摄像头，使用AI来评估水果的大小和颜色。) ”可知，这里说明机器人要采摘什么样的水果。选项A“所以只收集成熟的。”和上文意思一致。故选A。
17. 答案：E
解析：根据下文“The flying robots are connected to a platform that acts as the power source so that they never run out of power. They will work all day and night in any weather without taking a break. (飞行机器人连接到一个平台上，该平台充当电源，因此它们永远不会耗尽电力。他们将在任何天气下没日没夜地工作，不休息。) ”可知，这一段讲述机器人不会感到累。选项E“机器人的另一个优点是它们从不感到疲劳。”和下文意思一致。故选E。
18. 答案：F
解析：根据上文“Dozens of these smart robots can be used across an orchard (果园) during the time when the fruit is ready to be harvested. The farmers just need to tell the company how many flying robots they need and how long they will use them. (几十个这样的智能机器人可以在水果准备收获的时候在整个果园中使用。农民们只需要告诉公司他们需要多少飞行机器人，他们将使用多长时间。) ”可知，这一段讲述机器人采摘水果的步骤。选项F“然后公司将把机器人运送到他们的果园。”和上文意思一致。故选F。
19. 答案：G
解析：根据上文“The company also plans to add more tasks to the robot's function. (该公司还计划为机器人的功能增加更多的任务。)”可知，接下来要介绍该公司为机器人增加的功能和任务。选项C“例如，它们可以用来切断树枝和浇水。”和上文意思一致。故选G。