外研版（2019）选择性必修四Unit 1 Looking forwards Understanding ideas 专练（含解析）
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）选择性必修四Unit 1 Looking forwards Understanding ideas 专练（含解析） |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2026-01-16 00:00:00 | ||
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Unit 1 Looking forwards Starting out & Understanding ideas
一、单词拼写
1.It may surprise you to learn that it is a crime novel without a ___________(侦探).
2.___________(最终), though, you have to make your own judgments.
3.Since __________(少年时代), he had dreamed of becoming a polar explorer like Amundsen, and he initially set his sights on the North Pole.
4.He sailed for Europe as a ____________(通讯记者) for Life for a firsthand look at the war.
5.Students were confused to see that there was just a black ______ (小圆点) in the center of the page.
二、语法填空
6.To understand the novel, you need to consider its ______ (history) background.
7.She taught Yim an improved version of Shaolin Kung Fu, ______ (ultimate) known as Wing Chun now.
8.He insisted that immediate action ______ (take) to reduce the waste.
9.One of her ______ (ambition) is to become a doctor, and she has at last achieved it.
10.A private ______ (detect) has been tailing them for several weeks.
三、完成句子
11.为了实现梦想，我们不仅要有计划而且要采取行动。
To realize our dreams, we must _____________
______________________________________.
12.随着高考的接近，很多学生变得越来越紧张。（用with复合结构）
_________________________________, many students are becoming increasingly nervous.
13.他这辈子从来没有放弃过要打破世界跳高纪录的雄心壮志。
Never __________________________ to break the world record in the high jump all his life.
14.正如我们许多人都知道的那样，对未来有计划并不能保证它们都会成为现实。
As many of us already know, _________________________________ is no guarantee that they will become reality.
15.我前往一所展示加利福尼亚历史变迁的当地博物馆。
I headed to a local museum that showed the ____________________________ in California.
四、七选五
Make the right choices
What is life’s gift 16 Choice is the ability to select one course of action from a set of alternatives to achieve a goal. What is so great about choice It transforms us from dumb animals into artists. Each of us becomes another Michelangelo. Choice becomes nothing other than the tool we use to sculpt (雕刻）our life. The tool doesn’t come free, however, for the price of choice is responsibility. 17 The reward is happiness.
Life is not still. It is a flow. 18 We constantly need to monitor where we are on our journey. We need to ask questions: Am I moving closer to my goals If not, what corrective measures can I take What action will I take now to readjust myself to my goals Choice is power. Choice is at the heart of life. It is the creative power of life.
19 And your life becomes more convenient or comfortable because of them. For example, you decide which stores to shop at and which gas station to go to. But the decisions that we make to sculpt our lives are far more important than deciding where to shop. The more we appreciate the difference between minor and major decisions, the greater the probability that we will experience happiness and fulfillment.
All chess lovers realize that it isn’t necessary to win to enjoy the game. The pleasure is in the playing. Life is like a chess game. 20
A.But when we accept and carry it out, we get a great return.
B.Make the best moves you can under the circumstances.
C.Life is full of hard choices, and the bigger they are, the harder they get.
D.Every choice we make leads us closer to or farther from our goals.
E.Choose to carry out responsibilities not because you have to, but because you want to.
F.You have to make choices every day.
G.It is free will or choice.
能力拔高题
When the call came for volunteers to visit local schools, I jumped at the opportunity, which eventually brought me a special experience. Spending the past three years with my head down and focusing on my PhD, I liked the idea of getting out and sharing what I was learning. In class, I answered questions raised by students with great passion. Though I returned to normal lab routine the next day, the experience planted a seed, leading me to a new career.
I entered graduate school with the hope of becoming a professor, where I could balance research and teaching undergraduates. I was perfectly happy with my life for many years, but after I became a postdoc (博士后) I realized something was off. I felt lost in the fine details of the research papers and desired to offer a more significant contribution.
When I struggled, a career conference was held where scientists described how they had changed the job to positions at museums or
research institutes,and how they shared scientific knowledge with children and others. They made me realize that science education could even be a career.
Initially, I wrote about scientific discoveries for the public and worked at a science enrichment center. Eventually I found a job teaching biology to public high school students. The first year was difficult, because I had to learn classroom management and the best teaching practices. But I soon adapted to my new job and became confident in my choice. It’s also pleasant to think I've done my best to guide my students’ lives in new directions, however big or small.
I sometimes look back wistfully (留恋地) on my research career, but when I see the immediate impact that I am making on young people’s lives, I know my new path is a good match for my skills and passions.
21. Why was the volunteer experience special for the author
A. It introduced her to teaching.
B. It freed her from research.
C. It tested her instructional skills.
D. It showed her passion for science.
22. What made the author abandon the previous career
A. The uncertainty about academic paths.
B. The pressure from publishing papers.
C. The suggestion from other scientists.
D. The ambition to make more difference.
23. What happened to the author after her departure from college
A. She made new scientific discoveries.
B. She provided the best teaching practices.
C. She lost confidence in her job choice.
D. She encountered career shift challenges.
24. Which can be the best title of the text
A. A New Trend: Science Meets Education
B. Teaching Science: A Researcher's Decision
C. From Lab to Classroom: A Scientist’s Journey
D. Life in Science: From Enthusiasm to Purpose
答案以及解析
1. detective
2. Ultimately
3. boyhood
4. correspondent
5. dot
6. historical
【详解】考查形容词。句意：为了理解这部小说，你需要考虑它的历史背景。提示词修饰名词background，用形容词historical作定语，意为“历史的”。故填historical。
7. ultimately
【详解】考查副词。句意：她教给Yim一种改良版的少林功夫，其最终被称为咏春拳。修饰动词known应用副词ultimately作状语，故填ultimately。
8. (should) be taken
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：他坚持要求立即采取行动减少浪费。insist在此处意为“坚持要求”，后接宾语从句时，从句需用虚拟语气，结构为“should + 动词原形”，其中should可省略；再分析句子结构可知，action与take之间是被动关系，因此用被动语态“(should) be taken”。故填(should) be taken。
9. ambitions
【详解】考查名词的数。句意：她的抱负之一是成为一名医生，并且她最终实现了。one of +复数名词。根据句意，故填ambitions。
10. detective
【详解】考查名词。句意：一名私家侦探已经跟踪他们好几个星期了。由A可知，此空应填可数名词单数作主语，detective表“侦探”，为可数名词，符合句意。故填detective。
11. not only make plans but also take action
【详解】考查并列结构和固定短语。根据句意，此处需表达“不仅要有计划而且要采取行动”，情态动词must后接动词原形；“不仅……而且……”用固定结构not only...but also...连接两个并列的动词短语，“有计划”译为make plans，“采取行动”译为take action。故填not only make plans but also take action。
12. With the college entrance examination approaching
【详解】考查with复合结构。根据汉语句子，结合英语句子可知，设空处对应“随着高考的接近”，用with复合结构“with+名词+doing/done/to do”结构表达，“高考”用“the college entrance examination”表达，“接近”用动词“approach”表达，与名词之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式，即“with the college entrance examination approaching”，在句子作伴随状语，置于句首，“with”首字母大写 。故填With the college entrance examination approaching。
13. has he given up his ambition
【详解】考查倒装句。表示“放弃”为动词短语give up,表示“雄心壮志”为名词ambition，根据句意，表示“他从来没有放弃过雄心壮志”应使用现在完成时，表示过去的动作对现在的影响，主谓一致，表达为he has never given up his ambition，never位于句首，使用半倒装句型，将has提到主语前。故填has he given up his ambition。
14. having plans in place for the future
【详解】考查非谓语动词。“对未来有计划”译为动词短语have plans in place for future，空处作主语，表示一般性、经常性的动作，使用动名词形式，故填having plans in place for the future。
15. historical changes
【详解】考查形容词，名词；句意：我前往一所展示加利福尼亚历史变迁的当地博物馆。根据所给句子句意分析可知，句中showed的宾语为“变迁”，英语中“变迁，变化”英语为“change”，change为可数名词，此处指 “很多的变化，改变”，因此需要使用复数形式changes，句意中“变迁”指“历史的变迁”可知，此处“历史的”为定语修饰changes，因此需要使用形容词“historical历史的”；故填historical changes。
16. G 17. A 18. D 19. F 20. B
【分析】每个人每天都要面临各种各样的选择。正确的选择究竟会给我们的人生带来些什么呢？
16. 本空前有问句，空后出现choice这一关键词，G选项既回答上文问题又引出了下文choice的概念，随后下文承接该话题继续展开。故选G。
17. 上一句说“然而，工具并不是免费的，因为选择的代价是责任。”，而下一句说“报酬是幸福的”，故A项符合语境。其一，该项中carry out it中it指代的是上句中的responsibility；其二，虽然选择意味着责任，但是同时又会给我们带来巨大的回报，与下一句中的reward相呼应。
18. D选项是对上文的not still 和 a flow的进一步解释。另外，其中leads us与下文monitor 相呼应，且E选项中的closer to or farther from our goals与下文的Am I moving closer to my goal ...to readjust myself with my goals吻合。故选D。
19. 根据下一句“你的生活因为它们而变得更加舒适或方便”，再根据后文举例说明决定的重要意义，故F项“你每天都得做出选择”概括本段内容。
20. 上文叙述“生活就像下棋”，故B项“要走出特定环境下最好的一步棋”承接上一句内容，故选B。
21. A 22. D 23. D 24. C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者从专注博士研究的学者，通过学校志愿经历接触教学，最终放弃科研、转型为高中生物教师的职业转变故事。
21. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“When the call came for volunteers to visit local schools, I jumped at the opportunity, which eventually brought me a special experience. Spending the past three years with my head down and focusing on my PhD, I liked the idea of getting out and sharing what I was learning. In class, I answered questions raised by students with great passion. Though I returned to normal lab routine the next day, the experience planted a seed, leading me to a new career.(当招募志愿者去当地学校的号召传来时，我立刻抓住了这个机会，这段经历最终给我带来了一段特别的体验。过去三年，我一直埋头专注于博士研究，所以很乐意走出实验室，分享自己所学的知识。在课堂上，我满怀热情地回答学生们提出的问题。虽然第二天我就回到了正常的实验室工作，但这段经历埋下了一颗种子，指引我走向了一份新的职业。)”可知，这段志愿经历让长期专注科研的作者首次体验教学、分享知识，并为其后续转型教师埋下伏笔，因此对作者而言意义特殊。故选A项。
22. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I felt lost in the fine details of the research papers and desired to offer a more significant contribution.(我在研究论文的细枝末节中感到迷茫，渴望能做出更有意义的贡献。)”可知，作者因渴望做出更重大的社会价值，而放弃了此前的科研学术生涯。故选D项。
23. 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Initially, I wrote about scientific discoveries for the public and worked at a science enrichment center. Eventually I found a job teaching biology to public high school students. The first year was difficult, because I had to learn classroom management and the best teaching practices.(起初，我为公众撰写有关科学发现的文章，并在一个科学推广中心工作。最终，我找到了一份在公立高中教生物的工作。第一年很艰难，因为我必须学习课堂管理和最佳的教学方法。)”可知，作者离开大学科研环境后，在转型教育领域的过程中，面临着学习课堂管理、适应教学工作等挑战。故选D项。
24. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“Spending the past 3 years with my head down and focusing on my PhD, I liked the idea of getting out and sharing what I was learning. (过去三年，我一直埋头专注于博士研究，所以很乐意走出实验室，分享自己所学的知识。)”以及第四段中的“Eventually I found a job teaching biology to public high school students .(最终我找到了一份在公立高中教生物的工作。)”可知，文章主要讲述作者从实验室的科研工作者，一步步转变为高中课堂教师的职业旅程，因此“From Lab to Classroom: A Scientist’s Journey（从实验室到课堂：一位科学家的旅程）”概括了文章的主题，最适合作为文章标题。故选C项。
一、单词拼写
1.It may surprise you to learn that it is a crime novel without a ___________(侦探).
2.___________(最终), though, you have to make your own judgments.
3.Since __________(少年时代), he had dreamed of becoming a polar explorer like Amundsen, and he initially set his sights on the North Pole.
4.He sailed for Europe as a ____________(通讯记者) for Life for a firsthand look at the war.
5.Students were confused to see that there was just a black ______ (小圆点) in the center of the page.
二、语法填空
6.To understand the novel, you need to consider its ______ (history) background.
7.She taught Yim an improved version of Shaolin Kung Fu, ______ (ultimate) known as Wing Chun now.
8.He insisted that immediate action ______ (take) to reduce the waste.
9.One of her ______ (ambition) is to become a doctor, and she has at last achieved it.
10.A private ______ (detect) has been tailing them for several weeks.
三、完成句子
11.为了实现梦想，我们不仅要有计划而且要采取行动。
To realize our dreams, we must _____________
______________________________________.
12.随着高考的接近，很多学生变得越来越紧张。（用with复合结构）
_________________________________, many students are becoming increasingly nervous.
13.他这辈子从来没有放弃过要打破世界跳高纪录的雄心壮志。
Never __________________________ to break the world record in the high jump all his life.
14.正如我们许多人都知道的那样，对未来有计划并不能保证它们都会成为现实。
As many of us already know, _________________________________ is no guarantee that they will become reality.
15.我前往一所展示加利福尼亚历史变迁的当地博物馆。
I headed to a local museum that showed the ____________________________ in California.
四、七选五
Make the right choices
What is life’s gift 16 Choice is the ability to select one course of action from a set of alternatives to achieve a goal. What is so great about choice It transforms us from dumb animals into artists. Each of us becomes another Michelangelo. Choice becomes nothing other than the tool we use to sculpt (雕刻）our life. The tool doesn’t come free, however, for the price of choice is responsibility. 17 The reward is happiness.
Life is not still. It is a flow. 18 We constantly need to monitor where we are on our journey. We need to ask questions: Am I moving closer to my goals If not, what corrective measures can I take What action will I take now to readjust myself to my goals Choice is power. Choice is at the heart of life. It is the creative power of life.
19 And your life becomes more convenient or comfortable because of them. For example, you decide which stores to shop at and which gas station to go to. But the decisions that we make to sculpt our lives are far more important than deciding where to shop. The more we appreciate the difference between minor and major decisions, the greater the probability that we will experience happiness and fulfillment.
All chess lovers realize that it isn’t necessary to win to enjoy the game. The pleasure is in the playing. Life is like a chess game. 20
A.But when we accept and carry it out, we get a great return.
B.Make the best moves you can under the circumstances.
C.Life is full of hard choices, and the bigger they are, the harder they get.
D.Every choice we make leads us closer to or farther from our goals.
E.Choose to carry out responsibilities not because you have to, but because you want to.
F.You have to make choices every day.
G.It is free will or choice.
能力拔高题
When the call came for volunteers to visit local schools, I jumped at the opportunity, which eventually brought me a special experience. Spending the past three years with my head down and focusing on my PhD, I liked the idea of getting out and sharing what I was learning. In class, I answered questions raised by students with great passion. Though I returned to normal lab routine the next day, the experience planted a seed, leading me to a new career.
I entered graduate school with the hope of becoming a professor, where I could balance research and teaching undergraduates. I was perfectly happy with my life for many years, but after I became a postdoc (博士后) I realized something was off. I felt lost in the fine details of the research papers and desired to offer a more significant contribution.
When I struggled, a career conference was held where scientists described how they had changed the job to positions at museums or
research institutes,and how they shared scientific knowledge with children and others. They made me realize that science education could even be a career.
Initially, I wrote about scientific discoveries for the public and worked at a science enrichment center. Eventually I found a job teaching biology to public high school students. The first year was difficult, because I had to learn classroom management and the best teaching practices. But I soon adapted to my new job and became confident in my choice. It’s also pleasant to think I've done my best to guide my students’ lives in new directions, however big or small.
I sometimes look back wistfully (留恋地) on my research career, but when I see the immediate impact that I am making on young people’s lives, I know my new path is a good match for my skills and passions.
21. Why was the volunteer experience special for the author
A. It introduced her to teaching.
B. It freed her from research.
C. It tested her instructional skills.
D. It showed her passion for science.
22. What made the author abandon the previous career
A. The uncertainty about academic paths.
B. The pressure from publishing papers.
C. The suggestion from other scientists.
D. The ambition to make more difference.
23. What happened to the author after her departure from college
A. She made new scientific discoveries.
B. She provided the best teaching practices.
C. She lost confidence in her job choice.
D. She encountered career shift challenges.
24. Which can be the best title of the text
A. A New Trend: Science Meets Education
B. Teaching Science: A Researcher's Decision
C. From Lab to Classroom: A Scientist’s Journey
D. Life in Science: From Enthusiasm to Purpose
答案以及解析
1. detective
2. Ultimately
3. boyhood
4. correspondent
5. dot
6. historical
【详解】考查形容词。句意：为了理解这部小说，你需要考虑它的历史背景。提示词修饰名词background，用形容词historical作定语，意为“历史的”。故填historical。
7. ultimately
【详解】考查副词。句意：她教给Yim一种改良版的少林功夫，其最终被称为咏春拳。修饰动词known应用副词ultimately作状语，故填ultimately。
8. (should) be taken
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：他坚持要求立即采取行动减少浪费。insist在此处意为“坚持要求”，后接宾语从句时，从句需用虚拟语气，结构为“should + 动词原形”，其中should可省略；再分析句子结构可知，action与take之间是被动关系，因此用被动语态“(should) be taken”。故填(should) be taken。
9. ambitions
【详解】考查名词的数。句意：她的抱负之一是成为一名医生，并且她最终实现了。one of +复数名词。根据句意，故填ambitions。
10. detective
【详解】考查名词。句意：一名私家侦探已经跟踪他们好几个星期了。由A可知，此空应填可数名词单数作主语，detective表“侦探”，为可数名词，符合句意。故填detective。
11. not only make plans but also take action
【详解】考查并列结构和固定短语。根据句意，此处需表达“不仅要有计划而且要采取行动”，情态动词must后接动词原形；“不仅……而且……”用固定结构not only...but also...连接两个并列的动词短语，“有计划”译为make plans，“采取行动”译为take action。故填not only make plans but also take action。
12. With the college entrance examination approaching
【详解】考查with复合结构。根据汉语句子，结合英语句子可知，设空处对应“随着高考的接近”，用with复合结构“with+名词+doing/done/to do”结构表达，“高考”用“the college entrance examination”表达，“接近”用动词“approach”表达，与名词之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式，即“with the college entrance examination approaching”，在句子作伴随状语，置于句首，“with”首字母大写 。故填With the college entrance examination approaching。
13. has he given up his ambition
【详解】考查倒装句。表示“放弃”为动词短语give up,表示“雄心壮志”为名词ambition，根据句意，表示“他从来没有放弃过雄心壮志”应使用现在完成时，表示过去的动作对现在的影响，主谓一致，表达为he has never given up his ambition，never位于句首，使用半倒装句型，将has提到主语前。故填has he given up his ambition。
14. having plans in place for the future
【详解】考查非谓语动词。“对未来有计划”译为动词短语have plans in place for future，空处作主语，表示一般性、经常性的动作，使用动名词形式，故填having plans in place for the future。
15. historical changes
【详解】考查形容词，名词；句意：我前往一所展示加利福尼亚历史变迁的当地博物馆。根据所给句子句意分析可知，句中showed的宾语为“变迁”，英语中“变迁，变化”英语为“change”，change为可数名词，此处指 “很多的变化，改变”，因此需要使用复数形式changes，句意中“变迁”指“历史的变迁”可知，此处“历史的”为定语修饰changes，因此需要使用形容词“historical历史的”；故填historical changes。
16. G 17. A 18. D 19. F 20. B
【分析】每个人每天都要面临各种各样的选择。正确的选择究竟会给我们的人生带来些什么呢？
16. 本空前有问句，空后出现choice这一关键词，G选项既回答上文问题又引出了下文choice的概念，随后下文承接该话题继续展开。故选G。
17. 上一句说“然而，工具并不是免费的，因为选择的代价是责任。”，而下一句说“报酬是幸福的”，故A项符合语境。其一，该项中carry out it中it指代的是上句中的responsibility；其二，虽然选择意味着责任，但是同时又会给我们带来巨大的回报，与下一句中的reward相呼应。
18. D选项是对上文的not still 和 a flow的进一步解释。另外，其中leads us与下文monitor 相呼应，且E选项中的closer to or farther from our goals与下文的Am I moving closer to my goal ...to readjust myself with my goals吻合。故选D。
19. 根据下一句“你的生活因为它们而变得更加舒适或方便”，再根据后文举例说明决定的重要意义，故F项“你每天都得做出选择”概括本段内容。
20. 上文叙述“生活就像下棋”，故B项“要走出特定环境下最好的一步棋”承接上一句内容，故选B。
21. A 22. D 23. D 24. C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者从专注博士研究的学者，通过学校志愿经历接触教学，最终放弃科研、转型为高中生物教师的职业转变故事。
21. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“When the call came for volunteers to visit local schools, I jumped at the opportunity, which eventually brought me a special experience. Spending the past three years with my head down and focusing on my PhD, I liked the idea of getting out and sharing what I was learning. In class, I answered questions raised by students with great passion. Though I returned to normal lab routine the next day, the experience planted a seed, leading me to a new career.(当招募志愿者去当地学校的号召传来时，我立刻抓住了这个机会，这段经历最终给我带来了一段特别的体验。过去三年，我一直埋头专注于博士研究，所以很乐意走出实验室，分享自己所学的知识。在课堂上，我满怀热情地回答学生们提出的问题。虽然第二天我就回到了正常的实验室工作，但这段经历埋下了一颗种子，指引我走向了一份新的职业。)”可知，这段志愿经历让长期专注科研的作者首次体验教学、分享知识，并为其后续转型教师埋下伏笔，因此对作者而言意义特殊。故选A项。
22. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I felt lost in the fine details of the research papers and desired to offer a more significant contribution.(我在研究论文的细枝末节中感到迷茫，渴望能做出更有意义的贡献。)”可知，作者因渴望做出更重大的社会价值，而放弃了此前的科研学术生涯。故选D项。
23. 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Initially, I wrote about scientific discoveries for the public and worked at a science enrichment center. Eventually I found a job teaching biology to public high school students. The first year was difficult, because I had to learn classroom management and the best teaching practices.(起初，我为公众撰写有关科学发现的文章，并在一个科学推广中心工作。最终，我找到了一份在公立高中教生物的工作。第一年很艰难，因为我必须学习课堂管理和最佳的教学方法。)”可知，作者离开大学科研环境后，在转型教育领域的过程中，面临着学习课堂管理、适应教学工作等挑战。故选D项。
24. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“Spending the past 3 years with my head down and focusing on my PhD, I liked the idea of getting out and sharing what I was learning. (过去三年，我一直埋头专注于博士研究，所以很乐意走出实验室，分享自己所学的知识。)”以及第四段中的“Eventually I found a job teaching biology to public high school students .(最终我找到了一份在公立高中教生物的工作。)”可知，文章主要讲述作者从实验室的科研工作者，一步步转变为高中课堂教师的职业旅程，因此“From Lab to Classroom: A Scientist’s Journey（从实验室到课堂：一位科学家的旅程）”概括了文章的主题，最适合作为文章标题。故选C项。