外研版（2019）选择性必修四Unit 1 Looking forwards Using Language 专练（含解析）

Unit 1 Looking forwards Using Language
一、单选题
1. When I got to the station, I found that the train ______. I had to wait for the next one.
A. left B. had left
C. was leaving D. would leave
2. She’s very tired because she ________ for the final exam all week.
A. has studied B. has been studying
C. had studied D. will be studying
3. Many people refused to believe that living things, including humans, ________ from lower forms of life.
A. evolve B. evolved
C. have evolved D. had evolved
4. This time next year, we ________ for the college entrance examination with great effort.
A. are preparing B. have prepared
C. will be preparing D. will prepare
5. Mr. Li ________ with extra caution in the snow when he spotted a man lying in the middle of the road.
A. was driving B. drove
C. had driven D. would drive
6. Many a young scientist ________ himself to the AI development, making China take the lead in the field.
A. devoted B. have devoted
C. was devoting D. has devoted
7. Tom promised me that he ________ me a hand when I was in trouble, but he didn’t.
A. would give B. will give
C. had given D. has given
8. The factory, including its machines and buildings, ________ burnt last night.
A. is B. are
C. were D. was
9. It is almost ten years since she left her hometown, and she _________ as a manager in a multinational corporation.
A. served B. had served
C. is serving D. would serve
10. Many a student ________ hard to achieve good grades in the final exams.
A. work B. works
C. working D. to work
二、语法填空
11. These years, scientists ________ (test) special gardens on Earth to see what can grow on Earth’s neighboring planet, Mars.
12. She realized she ________ (make) a terrible mistake only after she had sent the email.
13. Jack, you ________ (find) the career that suits your talents. I’m so proud of you.
14. The number of people working in robotics ________ (rise) rapidly in the past decade.
15. My granny said she ________ (make) her special dumplings for our Spring Festival reunion dinner.
16. He told me that he ________ (prepare) for the upcoming exam all day yesterday.
17. They________ (rent) a boat and spent the afternoon on the lake the other day.
18. The number of students who choose science majors ________ (increase) steadily now.
19. They ________ (explore) the forest when they suddenly came across a rare blue bird.
20. However, recent years ________ (see) more and more unusual flavours come onto the market.
能力拔高题
It’s never too late 21 (make) a big career move. You may currently be at a point in your career 22 you feel stuck, bored, and unmotivated. These could be signs that your current job is not a good fit for you and that your skills and passion lay elsewhere. There are many famous people who have made surprising career 23 (change). And what this shows is that people’s success often depends on 24 (find) the courage to make those major career switches. In addition, sometimes you have to do a job that is a poor match in order to figure out what career is suited to you instead.
Everyone knows that Giorgio Armani is one of the world’s top fashion designers. But he didn’t 25 (true) start his career in the world of fashion. When he was a young man, he joined the Italian army and 26 (start) working at a military hospital in Verona. Armani left the military in 1953 and made a career change. He became a(n) 27 (sell) in a clothing department. By the mid-60s he was designing his own clothes and in 1975, he set 28 his own company, Armani. By following his 29 (create) passion and talent, Armani became one of 30 most successful fashion designers in the world.
Success isn’t defined by what you’re currently doing.

答案以及解析
1. B
【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：当我到达车站时，我发现火车已经开走了。我不得不等下一班。when引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词使用一般过去时，“火车开走”这个动作发生在“到达车站”之前，属于“过去的过去”，需用过去完成时，所以谓语动词为had left。故选B项。
2. B
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：她非常疲惫，因为整周她都一直在为期末考试复习。根据“all week”可知，句子强调从过去开始持续到现在的复习动作，并且这个动作还在进行，对现在造成了“疲惫”的影响，需用现在完成进行时has been studying。故选B项。
3. D
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：许多人拒绝相信包括人类在内的生物是由低等生物进化而来的。本空为that引导的宾语从句的谓语。evolve“进化”这一动作发生在“拒绝（refused）”这个过去动作之前，即“过去的过去”，时态用过去完成时，谓语用had evolved。故选D。
4. C
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：明年的这个时候，我们将正在全力以赴地准备高考。根据时间状语“This time next year”可知，此处表示将来某个时间正在进行的动作，所以用将来进行时，即will be preparing。故选C。
5. A
【详解】考查固定句型和时态。句意：李先生正在雪天里格外谨慎地开车，突然发现路中间躺着一个人。此处为固定句型be doing...when...“正在做某事，这时……”，结合spotted可知，应用过去进行时，主语Mr. Li是第三人称单数，助动词用was。故选A。
6. D
【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：许多青年科学家都投身于人工智能的发展，使中国在该领域处于领先地位。根据语境可知，句子描述的是“投身人工智能发展”这个动作带来了“中国领先”的结果和影响，应用现在完成时；“many a + 单数名词”，虽意为“许多”，但作主语时谓语动词须用单数形式，用来强调个体。故选D项。
7. A
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：汤姆答应我，当我遇到麻烦时他会帮我，但他没有做到。分析句子可知，主句“Tom promised me”使用了一般过去时，说明“答应”这一动作发生在过去。宾语从句中“帮我”的动作是汤姆在过去承诺“将来”会做的事，相对于过去的时间而言，应用过去将来时（would + 动词原形）。故选A项。
8. D
【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：这家工厂，包括它的机器和建筑物，昨晚被烧毁了。句子主语是The factory；including its machines and buildings是插入语，不影响主语的单复数，The factory是单数，根据last night可知用一般过去时，所以be动词用was。故选D。
9. C
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：她离开家乡快十年了，现在在一家跨国公司担任经理。根据前半句“It is almost ten years since she left her hometown”可知，她离开家乡到现在已经有一段时间了，而现在她正处于在跨国公司担任经理的状态，强调现在正在进行的动作，所以用现在进行时。故选C项。
10. B
【详解】考查时态及主谓一致。句意：许多学生为了在期末考试中取得好成绩刻苦学习。该空为句子的谓语动词，句子陈述一般事实，应使用一般现在时态，主语Many a +单数名词是一个固定表达，意义上是复数，作主语时谓语动词遵循形式一致原则，使用单数形式。故选B项。
11. have been testing
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这些年来，科学家们一直在地球上测试特殊的花园，看看在地球的邻近星球火星上能种植什么。根据“These years”可知，此处强调从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作，且可能还会继续下去，应用现在完成进行时，其结构为“have/has been doing”，主语scientists为复数，助动词用have。故填have been testing。
12. had made
【详解】考查时态。句意：直到她发出那封电子邮件之后，她才意识到自己犯了一个严重的错误。此处“意识到”是过去动作，“犯错误”发生在意识到之前，即过去的过去，用过去完成时。故填had made。
13. have found
【详解】考查时态。句意：杰克，你找到了适合你才能的职业。我为你感到骄傲。根据“I’m so proud of you.”可知，说话者表达的是对杰克已完成动作的肯定和赞赏，因此空处谓语动词应用现在完成时，主语you是第二人称，find的现在完成式应用have found。故填have found。
14. has risen
【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：在过去十年里，从事机器人相关工作的人员数量大幅增加。根据本句的时间状语in the past decade可知，本句时态为现在完成时，The number of后接复数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，所以用has+动词的过去分词。故填has risen。
15. would make
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我奶奶说她要为我们春节团圆饭做她特别的饺子。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，根据主句谓语said以及语境可知，此处表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或存在的状态，应用过去将来时，其结构为“would+动词原形”。故填would make。
16. was preparing
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他告诉我，他昨天一整天都在为即将到来的考试做准备。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，主句为一般过去时，根据句中all day yesterday可知，从句表示过去某一时间一直在发生的事，应用过去进行时，主语he是第三人称单数，be动词使用was。故填was preparing。
17. rented
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：几天前，他们租了一艘船，在湖上度过了那个下午。句中时间状语the other day表示过去的时间，且and连接两个并列的谓语动词，后面的spent为过去式，因此rent需使用过去式。故填rented。
18. is increasing
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：选择理科专业的学生数量如今正在稳步增长。句中时间状语now表示当前正在进行的动作，需用现在进行时，主语the number of students表示“学生的数量”，为单数概念，对应的be动词需用is，所以谓语动词为is increasing。故填is increasing。
19. were exploring
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他们正在森林里探险，这时突然遇到了一只稀有的蓝色小鸟。根据固定句型“sb. be doing sth. when... (正在做某事，这时突然……)”、主语They以及came across可知，此空应是过去进行时were exploring，表示“当时正在探险”。故填were exploring。
20. have seen
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：然而，近年来，越来越多的不寻常口味进入了市场。句子主语“recent years”是复数，表示“最近几年”，通常与现在完成时连用，强调从过去持续到现在的动作或状态。动词“see”在这里表示“见证”，主语为复数，故用现在完成时“have seen”。故填have seen。
21. to make 22. where/when 23. changes 24. finding 25. truly 26. started 27. seller 28. up 29. creative 30. the
【导语】这是一篇事理说明文。文章介绍了一个人的职业生涯的重大转变永远不会太迟，职业的成功往往取决于找到做出重大职业转变的勇气。
21. 考查非谓语动词。句意：职业生涯的重大转变永远不会太迟。分析句子结构可知，it是形式主语，不定式to do是真正的主语，构成It’s never too late to do的习惯搭配。故填to make。
22. 考查定语从句。句意：你现在可能正处于职业生涯的某个阶段，在这个阶段，你会感到停滞不前、无聊和没有动力。分析句子结构可知，a point 是先行词，它在定语从句“you feel stuck, bored, and unmotivated”中做状语，所以空格处应填关系副词。如果a point表示的是地点，就填where；如果表示时间的某个阶段，就填when。故填where或when。
23. 考查名词。句意：有许多名人做出了令人惊讶的职业改变。分析句子结构可知，空格处应该用名词做宾语。定语从句主语who指代的是many famous people，是复数，那么宾语也应是复数，与主语在数上保持一致。故填changes。
24. 考查动名词。句意：这表明，人们的成功往往取决于找到做出重大职业转变的勇气。分析句子结构可知，空格处应该是做depends on的宾语。提示词是find，只能是用它的动名词形式做介词on的宾语。故填finding。
25. 考查副词。句意：但他并没有真正地在时尚界开始他的职业生涯。分析句子结构可知，空格处应该用副词作状语修饰谓语动词start。故填truly。
26. 考查时态。句意：当他还是个年轻人的时候，他加入了意大利军队，开始在维罗纳的一家军事医院工作。分析句子结构可知，提示词start是一个动词，它前面是并列连词and，说明start和 joined 是并列关系，也用一般过去时。故填started。
27. 考查名词。句意：他成为了一家服装部门的销售员。分析句子结构可知，空格处前有一个冠词，冠词修饰名词。提示词是sell，它的名词形式有sale，seller两种形式，根据句意，应是成为一个销售人员。故填seller。
28. 考查动词短语。句意：他于1975年成立了自己的公司阿玛尼。根据“his own company(他自己的公司)”，可推理出空格处应该是“创建自己的公司”。set up表示“建立，创建”。故填up。
29. 考查形容词。句意：依照自己的创造激情和才华，阿玛尼成为了世界上最成功的时装设计师之一。分析句子结构可知，空格处要用形容词作定语修饰passion。提示词create的形容词是creative。故填creative。
30. 考查冠词。句意：阿玛尼成为了世界上最成功的时装设计师之一。此处为固定句型：one of+形容词最高级+名词复数。故填the。