Unit 1 People of Achievement Discover Useful Structures 课件(共22张PPT，内镶嵌视频)人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册

(共22张PPT)
Unit 1
People of Achievement
Learning About Language
非限制性定语从句
Learning Objectives
After learning this section ,you will:
1. revise the structure of attributive clause(定语从句）.
2. distinguish the difference between restrictive and non-restrictive attributive clause(非限制性定语从句）.
3. finish the related exercises.
PART 1
Review
What’s the attibutive clase
那位获得诺贝尔奖的妇女是屠呦呦
The woman who was rewarded the Nobel Prize is Tu Youyou.
用来修饰限定名词或者代词的句子就是定语从句，翻译过来为“……的”。
译文：获得诺贝尔奖的女性是屠呦呦。
Exercise 1: Translate the sentence.
那位获得诺贝尔奖的妇女是屠呦呦
The woman who was rewarded the Nobel Prize is Tu Youyou.
Exercise 2: Analyse the sentence structure.
先行词
关系词
定语从句
关系代词
关系副词
who, whom, which, that, whose,
where, when, why
先行词 在从句中所作成分 关系代词
人 主
宾
定
物 主
宾
定
先行词 在从句中所作成分 关系副词
时间名词 时间状语
地点名词 地点状语
reason 原因状语
who/that
who/whom/that/省略
whose(=of whom)
that/which
that/which/省略
whose(=of which)
why
when
where
= 介词+which
PART 2
What’s the non-restrictive attibutive clase
仔细观察下列句子，找出不同点。
①People who take physical exercise live longer.
②Peter drove too fast, which was dangerous.
③He changed his mind, which made me very angry.
④Taobao is a website where you can buy what you want at a good price.
②③用逗号与主句隔开，①④无逗号分隔。
非限制性定语从句
那位获得诺贝尔奖的妇女是屠呦呦
PART 3
The differences between two attibutive clase.
限制性定从与其先行词关系密切，无逗号隔开，
非限制性定从与其先行词关系不密切，有逗号隔开。
一、形式不同
The digital age also enables us to find people who share our interests.
数字时代也使我们能够找到和我们有共同兴趣的人。
Our guide,who was a French Canadian, was an excellent cook.
我们的向导，一个法裔加拿大人，是一位优秀的厨师。
二、功能不同
People who take physical exerciselive longer.
进行体育锻炼的人活得长些。(若把从句去掉句子就失去意义)
His daughter, who is in Boston now, is coming home next week.
他女儿现在在波士顿，下星期回来。(若把从句去掉，句子意义仍然完整)
限制性定语从句用于对先行词的意义进行修饰、限制和识别。其先行词一般是名词或代词，如果去掉，就会造成句意不完整或概念不清；
非限制性定语从句用于对先行词起补充说明作用，其先行词既可以是名词或代词, 也可是整个句子，如果省略，句意仍然清楚、完整。
三、翻译不同
限制性定语从句一般先译主句, 后译从句, 翻译成两个分句“……的 ”。
非限制性定语从句一般先译主句, 后译从句, 翻译成两个分句。
He is the man whose car was stolen.
他就是汽车被窃的那个人。
I've invited Jim, who lives in the next flat.
我邀请了吉姆，他就住在隔壁。
①限制性定语从句的关系词作宾语时可以省略；非限制性定语从句的关系词作宾语时不可以省略。
He is a student who/whom/that the teachers like very much.
他是老师们非常喜欢的学生。（who/whom/that在定语从句中作宾语，可以省略。）
The house, which I bought three years ago, has a very large yard.
这所房子是我三年前买的，有一个很大的院子。（which在定语从句中作宾语，不可以省略。）
四、关系词不同
四、关系词不同
②限制性定语从句关系词可以用that；非限制性定语从句不可以使用that，指人时用who, 指事物或情况时用which。
Mr Smith, who was my form teacher, visited my home last weekend.
史密斯先生上周末来我家了,他是我的班主任。（who指代Mr Smith, 不可以用that）
The house, which I bought three years ago, has a very large yard.
（which指代the house, 不可以用that）
四、关系词不同
限制性定从
___________________________
非限制性定从
关代: that, which, who, whom, whose
关副: when, where, why
=介词+which
for which
关代: that, which, who, whom, whose
关副: when, where, why
=介词+which
限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句
形式上 与主句之间______逗号隔开 与主句之间______逗号隔开
功能上 对先行词修饰、限制 对先行词补充说明
意义上 去掉后主句句意_______ 去掉后主句句意_______
翻译上
先行词
关系词
不完整
不用
用
完整
翻译在它所修饰的先行词之前
按句子顺序, 翻译成两个简单句
名词或代词
既可为名词或代词, 也可是整个主句
that/which/who/whom/whose/
when/where/why
不能用that/why(for which),
which可以指代一整件事
关系代词作宾语可省略
所有关系词都不可省略
限制性和非限制性定语从句的区别
Summary
非限制性定语从句
作用是——补充说明附加信息
有逗号
先行词——明确且具体
关系词(1关系代词：who 、which、whose
关系副词：when、where
介词+whom/which或名、代、数+of+whom/which）
2不可以使用that/why来引导
3不可以省略关系词
4关系词可以指代先行词，也可以指代整个主句
1.The woman has a lot of friends, some of are very famous writers in China.
2. I am most grateful to my parents, are always there to encourage me and care for me.
3. The sports meeting will be put off till next month, we will have made full preparations.
4. There are a great number of attractions in Tianjin, among I like the Ancient Cultural Street best.
Practice
whom
who
when
which
_____
_____
_____
_____
5.Yesterday, they went out to have a picnic in the park, in they had a good time.
6.Whenever I met her, was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile.
7.They enjoyed beautiful scenery in the mountain area, they also did some climbing.
8. Much of his youth was spent in Beijing, he developed an interest in Peking Opera.
Practice
where
which
_____
_____
_____
_____
where
which
THANKS