Unit 1 Science Fiction words and expressions 词汇课件(共34张PPT，内镶嵌3视频)-人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册

(共34张PPT)
Unit 1 Science Fiction
Words and Expressions
test out 检验; 测试
test sb. on sth. 在...方面测试某人
test sb. for sth. 为某事检查某人
take a test
try out: 试用; 测试; 试验
V
V
n
同
参加考试
Exercises
The new products ____________________ before it was put on the market.
这种新产品被投放市场前已经过检验。
Tens of thousand of people ___________for government officers every year.
每年成千上万的人参加公务员考试。
has been tested out
take a test
ridiculous adj. 愚蠢的; 荒谬的; 荒唐的
1. It is ridiculous to do ...
做什么是愚蠢的/荒谬的/荒唐的
2. It is ridiculous that ...
...是愚蠢的/荒谬的/荒唐的
ridiculously adv. 荒唐地;荒谬地;
adj.
adv.
absurd adj. 荒谬的; 荒唐的
同
dignity [ d ɡn ti] n. 庄重; 庄严; 尊严
with dignity 有尊严地
名
The robot always treated him ______dignity.
with
human dignity 人的尊严; 人格;
national dignity 民族尊严
appoint vt
指定；约定
We appointed a day in June for celebration.
任命；委派：
① appoint sb (as/to be) :
Sam has been appointed manager of the engineering department to take the place of George. (2012 重庆)
② appoint sb to do sth:
A nurse was appointed to guard her. (2014 浙江)
③ She is both the first woman and the first African-American
________________(appoint) to the position.
appoint
(必修三 Unit 2)
【温故】
任命某人为
委派某人做某事
to be appointed
appointment n. 预约; 约会; 委任
keep/make/break an appointment 守约/预约/毁约
have an appointment with… 和…约会 (办事情等)
appointed adj. 约定的
V
形
名
1.Kate________________as secretary last month. Now she is making an______________with the marketing manager.(appoint)
2. If you are invited to dinner, you are supposed to arrive no later than the ___________(appoint) time.
was appointed
appointment
appointed
④____________________________________________________________of
the Student Union, I'm writing to sincerely congratulate you.
得知你被任命为学生会主席，我写信向你表示衷心的祝贺。
(应用文写作之祝贺信)
Learning that you've been appointed as/to be chairman
guilty adj. 内疚的; 有罪的; 有过失的
guilt n. 内疚; 犯罪; 罪行
innocence n. 天真; 单纯; 无罪
innocent adj. 天真无邪的; 无辜的; 无恶意的
名
反
be/feel guilty about... 对...感到内疚/到惭愧
a sense of guilt 愧疚感
②After a dead silence, ___________________________________.
Tom murmured that he would never make fun of Mr Hope.
在一阵死寂后，内疚的泪水涌上他们的眼眶。汤姆喃喃自语道，他
再也不会取笑霍普先生了。(读后续写之心理描写)
tears of guilt welled up in their eyes
③Stunned and moved, I stared at the note, __________________
my previous thought that all people were indifferent.
我目瞪口呆，感动不已，盯着那张纸条，对我先前认为所有人都漠
不关心的想法感到内疚。(读后续写之心理描写)
feeling guilty about
① Overwhelmed by a sense of guilt, he lowered his head and
acknowledged his fault.
他满怀愧疚，低下头承认了自己的过错。
suspend vt. 悬; 挂; 暂停; 暂缓
suspension n.暂缓；延迟；延期；暂停
hang v. 吊; 悬挂 (hung)
pause v.暂停; 停顿
delay v. 延迟; 延期; 推迟
postpone v.延迟; 延期
put off 推迟; 拖延
名
同
悬索桥，又名吊桥（suspension bridge）指的是用缆索做桥梁主要承重结构的桥。将缆索悬挂在桥两端塔架上，桥身用细索或吊杆吊在缆索上。
推特安全账户2021年1月8日晚发文称：“在仔细审查特朗普账户最近发布的推文以及这些推文的背景后, 我们已永久停封（suspend）该帐户。”
dismiss
Friends 《老友记》
dismiss vt. 让(某人)离开; 解散; 解雇; 消除
dismiss the class 下课
dismiss sb. for... 因…解雇某人
dismiss/fire/lay off sb
hire/employ sb
V
同
解雇某人
雇用某人
1. When they asked him for his opinion, he declared strongly
________ the policy, adding that it wasn't practical.
2.The teacher declared Wang Fei to be/as monitor of the class.
3.The moment Linda______________(declare)the winner of the English speech competition, she jumped with joy.
4.The USA declared war ____ Japan on December8,1941.
declare vt. 表明; 宣称; 公布
表明反对/赞成(for)
宣布某人或某物是
向…宣战
n
declaration n.宣称；宣布；公告
against
on
was declared
presume vt. & vi. 假设; 假定; 认为
presumption n. 假设; 假定
assume v. 设想; 假定; 认为
suppose v. 假定; 假设; 认为 (正式)
名
同
★1)________________(suppose) that she doesn't come, we will still go.
Supposing
take over 占上风; 取而代之; 接管; 接手
1The home team was beginning to take over。
2He counts that I am the ideal person to take over the job.
3Miss Smith has asked for a sick leave, and I have to take over her work.
占上风
接管
取代
take up 占据（空间/时间）；开始从事；接受
take on 呈现；承担（责任）；雇佣
take in 吸入；理解；欺骗
take down 记下；拆除
take off 脱下；起飞；休假；迅速成功
take back 收回;退回;使回想起
Exercises
①Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and being reduced to ruins, the city _______a new look.
②Briggs will _____________from Mitchell as general manager when he retires.
③To keep healthy, Professor Johnson ____________ cycling after he retired from school.
took on
took up
take over
fall away（逐渐）减少，消失; 脱落
1. The sales of cold drinks usually fall away in winter.
2. If you take this medicine, all your pains will fall away.
3. The paint is falling away from the sides of the house.
fall behind 落后
fall apart 破碎;（关系）破裂
fall down 跌倒;倒塌
fall over 被…绊倒
fall on/upon… （责任）落在……
fall off （从……上）掉下;脱落身上
①On the bathroom ceiling, some pieces of plaster（灰泥）had________________.
②Despite a strong performance in the beginning, he___________in the second half of the race and finished last.
③ My birthday _________ a Monday this year, when we had a final exam.
2.翻译句子
His supporters fell away as his popularity declined.
Exercises
fallen away/off
fell behind
fell on
division n. 分开; 分隔; 差异; 除(法)
①The river forms the ________ (divide) between the heavy
industrial and light industrial areas of the city.
②The park, ________ (divide) into two sections along a stream,
has several bridges built over the stream.
division
divided
③[2021·全国乙卷] They were randomly divided _____ four
groups and exposed to various noise levels in the background,
from total silence to 50 decibels(分贝), 70 decibels, and 85
decibels.
into
divide…into…: 把…分成...
separate …from…:把…和…分开
72 divided by 8 is 9.
urge n. 强烈的欲望; 冲动
vt. 催促; 力劝; 大力推荐
urge sb to do...: 敦促/催促/力劝某人做什么
urge sth. on sb. 极力主张某人某事
urgent adj.紧急的;紧迫的 urgency n.紧急；催促
It is urged /sb urge that...(should) do sth. 极力主张
*urge后跟从句时,从句的谓语动词常用虚拟语气,即
“should+动词原形”结构,should可以省略
V
V
变
It is strongly urged by students that the library
_________________(keep) open during the weekend.
(should)keep
have an urge to do sth
demand, require, request, ask
order, commend
suggest, propose, advise
insist
urge
等接that宾语从句时，
从句用 should do/be 结构，should可省。
虚拟语气
虚拟语气口诀：“姚明贱贱”
要求
命令
建议
坚持
催促
1. 随着我们变得越来越依赖电脑,一些科学家正敦促我们思考人工智能的发展带来的危险。
As we become more and more dependent on computers, some scientists are urging us to think about the dangers posed by the advances in AI.
2. [2022·全国甲卷书面表达] 为了更好地保护海洋，我们必须敦促更
多的人去反思他们不合适的行为并且做出改变。
→To protect oceans better, we must urge more people to reflect on their own improper behaviour and make changes.
→To protect oceans better, we must urge that more people (should) reflect on their own improper behaviour and make…
random adj. 随机的; 不可思议的 n. 随意，随机
randomly adv. 随机; 随意; 未加计划地
at random 随意; 随机; 胡乱
V
The participants were __________ (random)selected from a
pool of volunteers.
It is better to read a few books carefully than to read many _____random.
at
randomly
explode v. 激增；爆炸；爆破
explosive adj.易爆炸的;爆炸性的;激增的
explosion n.爆炸；激增
explode/burst into laughter 突然大笑
V
When hearing the good news, Jack exploded into laughter.
当他听到这个好消息，Jack放声大笑了起来。
①The number of the visitors who come to admire the flowers
explodes ____ 40,000 during the tourist season.
②If you want to see a show that combines music, singing, drama, poetry and costume design with __________ (explode) effect, The Revenge of Prince Zidan ticks all the right boxes!
to
explosive
explode v. 激增；爆炸；爆破
④Professor Challenger's face went red as a
tomato. He looked ready to explode with rage/anger.
查林杰教授的脸红得像个西红柿。他看起来简直要气炸了。
⑤When they got the last point and won the match, the crowd
exploded into applause.
当他们得了最后一分,赢得了比赛时,人群中爆发出掌声。
Ⅰ单句填空
1.Knowing that an increasing number of animals were
endangered, scientists and researchers were _________(alarm).
alarmed
2.His ________________________(dismiss) from the factory forced
him to leave his hometown and seek jobs in other cities.
being dismissed/dismissal
3.Two hand rings and a swing ________________ (suspend) from
the roof, all of which were installed by my father to help me
strengthen my muscles.
were suspended
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4.The two ____________ (saleswoman) were busily trying to keep
up with the demands of customers.
saleswomen
5.Faced with the present crisis, it is ridiculous ___________
(imagine) that the recovery would be quick and easy.
to imagine
6.Ten minutes before the ___________ (appoint) time, he sat
nervously outside her office.
appointed
7.The participants are waiting anxiously, and the final result of
the drama competition ________________ (declare) in 30 minutes.
will be declared
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8.He works slowly and precisely ______________ I tend to rush
things and make mistakes.
whereas/while
9.Unlike her job at the hospital, she now gets to spend more
quality time with patients and as ____added bonus， her pay is
better.
an
10.According to the new law, people who are guilty ____drunk
driving shall face a fine up to 2,000 yuan.
of
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