选修1 Unit1 People of Achievement核心词汇语境记忆及检测

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
人教版高中英语选修1 Unit1 People of Achievement
核心词汇语境记忆
1. An achievement is something important that you succeed in doing through your own efforts and skills.
（重点词汇：achievement 成就，succeed in 成功完成，effort 努力，skill 技能）
中文翻译：成就是通过自身努力和技能成功完成的重要事情。
2. She was awarded the Nobel Prize for her groundbreaking research in physics.
（重点词汇：award 授予奖项，Nobel Prize 诺贝尔奖，groundbreaking 开创性的，research 研究，physics 物理学）
中文翻译：她因在物理学领域开创性的研究被授予诺贝尔奖。
3. His perseverance in the face of repeated failures finally led to a major scientific breakthrough.
（重点词汇：perseverance 毅力，in the face of 面对，failure 失败，lead to 导致，breakthrough 突破）
中文翻译：他在屡次失败面前的毅力最终带来了一项重大的科学突破。
4. The doctor’s lifelong dedication to treating patients in poor areas earned him great respect.
（重点词汇：dedication 奉献，treat patient 治疗病人，poor area 贫困地区，earn 赢得，respect 尊重）
中文翻译：这位医生毕生致力于治疗贫困地区的病人，赢得了极大的尊重。
5. A true innovator is not afraid to challenge conventional ideas and explore new possibilities.
（重点词汇：innovator 创新者，not afraid to 不害怕，challenge 挑战，conventional idea 传统观念，explore 探索）
中文翻译：真正的创新者不惧挑战传统观念，并探索新的可能性。
6. Her compassion for others drove her to establish several charities to help the underprivileged.
（重点词汇：compassion 同情心，drive 驱使，establish 建立，charity 慈善机构，underprivileged 贫困的）
中文翻译：对他人的同情心驱使她建立了多家慈善机构来帮助贫困人群。
7. The legacy of a great leader often lies in the positive changes they bring to society.
（重点词汇：legacy 遗产，great leader 伟大领袖，lie in 在于，positive change 积极变化，society 社会）
中文翻译：一位伟大领袖的遗产通常在于他们为社会带来的积极变化。
8. Through innovation and hard work, he transformed a small workshop into a global company.
（重点词汇：innovation 创新，hard work 努力工作，transform 转变，workshop 作坊，global company 全球性公司）
中文翻译：通过创新和努力，他将一个小作坊转变为一家全球性公司。
9. His integrity and honesty made him a role model for young people in his community.
（重点词汇：integrity 正直，honesty 诚实，role model 榜样，young people 年轻人，community 社区）
中文翻译：他的正直与诚实使他成为社区里年轻人的榜样。
10. The scientist’s contribution to medical science has saved millions of lives worldwide.
（重点词汇：contribution 贡献，medical science 医学，save life 拯救生命，worldwide 全世界）
中文翻译：这位科学家对医学的贡献已在全世界拯救了数百万生命。
11. Her visionary leadership guided the country through a period of significant reform.
（重点词汇：visionary 有远见的，leadership 领导力，guide 引导，significant 重大的，reform 改革）
中文翻译：她富有远见的领导力引导国家度过了一段重大改革的时期。
12. The artist’s creativity and unique perspective revolutionized the style of modern painting.
（重点词汇：creativity 创造力，unique 独特的，perspective 视角，revolutionize 彻底变革，modern painting 现代绘画）
中文翻译：这位艺术家的创造力和独特视角彻底变革了现代绘画的风格。
13. He showed remarkable resilience, recovering quickly from setbacks and continuing his work.
（重点词汇：resilience 韧性，remarkable 非凡的，recover from 从…恢复，setback 挫折，continue 继续）
中文翻译：他展现出非凡的韧性，从挫折中迅速恢复并继续工作。
14. The humanitarian devoted his life to promoting peace and alleviating human suffering.
（重点词汇：humanitarian 人道主义者，devote one‘s life to 毕生致力于，promote peace 促进和平，alleviate 减轻，suffering 苦难）
中文翻译：这位人道主义者毕生致力于促进和平与减轻人类苦难。
15. Her tenacity in pursuing justice inspired a nationwide movement for social equality.
（重点词汇：tenacity 坚韧，pursue justice 追求正义，inspire 激励，nationwide 全国性的，social equality 社会平等）
中文翻译：她追求正义的坚韧精神激励了一场全国性的社会平等运动。
16. The pioneer in space exploration overcame numerous technical challenges to achieve his goal.
（重点词汇：pioneer 先驱，space exploration 太空探索，overcome 克服，numerous 无数的，technical challenge 技术挑战）
中文翻译：这位太空探索的先驱克服了无数技术挑战才实现了目标。
17. His altruistic actions, such as donating his entire fortune, demonstrated his selflessness.
（重点词汇：altruistic 利他的，action 行为，donate 捐赠，entire fortune 全部财产，selflessness 无私）
中文翻译：他利他的行为，例如捐出全部财产，证明了他的无私。
18. The mentor provided invaluable guidance and support to the next generation of scientists.
（重点词汇：mentor 导师，provide 提供，invaluable 极宝贵的，guidance 指导，next generation 下一代）
中文翻译：这位导师为下一代科学家提供了极其宝贵的指导和支持。
19. She is recognized as an authority in her field due to her extensive research and publications.
（重点词汇：recognize as 被认为是，authority 权威，field 领域，extensive research 广泛研究，publication 出版物）
中文翻译：由于广泛的研究和出版物，她被公认为是其领域的权威。
20. His determination to succeed was evident in the long hours he spent practicing and studying.
（重点词汇：determination 决心，succeed 成功，evident 明显的，long hours 长时间，practice 练习）
中文翻译：他成功的决心体现在他投入大量时间练习和学习上。
21. The philanthropist funded the construction of schools and hospitals to improve public welfare.
（重点词汇：philanthropist 慈善家，fund 资助，construction 建设，improve 改善，public welfare 公共福利）
中文翻译：这位慈善家资助修建学校和医院以改善公共福利。
22. Courage and conviction are essential qualities for anyone who wishes to change the world.
（重点词汇：courage 勇气，conviction 信念，essential 必不可少的，quality 品质，change the world 改变世界）
中文翻译：勇气和信念是任何希望改变世界的人必不可少的品质。
23. Her expertise in environmental science led to the development of new conservation policies.
（重点词汇：expertise 专业知识，environmental science 环境科学，lead to 导致，development 制定，conservation policy 保护政策）
中文翻译：她在环境科学领域的专业知识促成了新的保护政策的制定。
24. He received acclaim from his peers for his brilliant and original thesis.
（重点词汇：receive acclaim 获得赞誉，peer 同行，brilliant 卓越的，original 独创的，thesis 论文）
中文翻译：他因其卓越而独创的论文获得了同行们的赞誉。
25. The inventor’s curiosity about how things work led to many practical inventions.
（重点词汇：inventor 发明家，curiosity 好奇心，how things work 事物运行的原理，lead to 带来，practical invention 实用发明）
中文翻译：这位发明家对事物运行原理的好奇心带来了许多实用发明。
26. Her passion for education drove her to establish a free school for children in remote villages.
（重点词汇：passion 热情，education 教育，drive 驱使，establish 建立，remote village 偏远乡村）
中文翻译：她对教育的热情驱使她在偏远乡村为孩子们建立了一所免费学校。
27. He is admired for his humility despite achieving great fame and success.
（重点词汇：admire for 因…而钦佩，humility 谦逊，despite 尽管，achieve 取得，fame and success 名望与成功）
中文翻译：尽管取得了巨大的名望和成功，他的谦逊仍令人钦佩。
28. The leader’s strategic thinking was crucial to the organization’s rapid growth and success.
（重点词汇：strategic thinking 战略思维，crucial 至关重要的，organization 组织，rapid growth 快速增长，success 成功）
中文翻译：这位领导者的战略思维对该组织的快速增长和成功至关重要。
29. She made a profound impact on the field of literature with her insightful novels.
（重点词汇：profound impact 深远的影响，field of literature 文学领域，insightful 富有洞察力的，novel 小说）
中文翻译：她以其富有洞察力的小说对文学领域产生了深远的影响。
30. Diligence and a strong work ethic were the foundations of his remarkable career.
（重点词汇：diligence 勤奋，work ethic 职业道德，foundation 基础，remarkable 非凡的，career 职业生涯）
中文翻译：勤奋和强烈的职业道德是他非凡职业生涯的基础。
31. The explorer’s discoveries of new lands expanded the geographical knowledge of his time.
（重点词汇：explorer 探险家，discovery 发现，new land 新大陆，expand 扩展，geographical knowledge 地理知识）
中文翻译：这位探险家对新大陆的发现扩展了那个时代的地理知识。
32. Her eloquence as a speaker enabled her to advocate effectively for women’s rights.
（重点词汇：eloquence 口才，speaker 演说家，enable 使能够，advocate for 倡导，women’s right 妇女权利）
中文翻译：她作为演说家的口才能使她能够有效地倡导妇女权利。
33. He was posthumously honored for his bravery and sacrifice during the war.
（重点词汇：posthumously 死后地，honor 表彰，bravery 勇敢，sacrifice 牺牲，war 战争）
中文翻译：他因在战争期间的勇敢和牺牲在死后得到了表彰。
34. The scholar’s meticulous research methods set a high standard for academic work.
（重点词汇：scholar 学者，meticulous 一丝不苟的，research method 研究方法，set a standard 树立标准，academic work 学术工作）
中文翻译：这位学者一丝不苟的研究方法为学术工作树立了高标准。
35. Perseverance in the pursuit of knowledge often leads to unexpected and valuable insights.
（重点词汇：perseverance 毅力，pursuit of knowledge 追求知识，lead to 带来，unexpected 意想不到的，valuable insight 宝贵的见解）
中文翻译：在追求知识上的毅力常常会带来意想不到的宝贵见解。
36. Her ambition to become a top surgeon motivated her through years of difficult training.
（重点词汇：ambition 雄心，become 成为，top surgeon 顶尖外科医生，motivate 激励，difficult training 艰苦的训练）
中文翻译：她想成为顶尖外科医生的雄心激励她度过了多年艰苦的训练。
37. The diplomat played a pivotal role in negotiating peace between the two conflicting nations.
（重点词汇：diplomat 外交官，play a role 发挥作用，pivotal 关键的，negotiate peace 谈判和平，conflicting nation 冲突国家）
中文翻译：这位外交官在谈判两个冲突国家间的和平中发挥了关键作用。
38. His legacy is not just in his writings, but in the inspiration he provides to future thinkers.
（重点词汇：legacy 遗产，writing 著作，inspiration 激励，provide 提供，future thinker 未来的思想家）
中文翻译：他的遗产不仅在于他的著作，更在于他为未来的思想家提供的激励。
39. Adversity often reveals a person’s true character and strength of will.
（重点词汇：adversity 逆境，reveal 展现，true character 真实品格，strength of will 意志力）
中文翻译：逆境常常能展现一个人的真实品格和意志力。
40. Ultimately, a person’s greatest achievement may be the positive influence they have on others’ lives.
（重点词汇：ultimately 最终，greatest achievement 最伟大的成就，positive influence 积极影响，have on 对…产生，others’ life 他人的生活）
中文翻译：最终，一个人最伟大的成就在于他们对他人生活产生的积极影响。
人教版高中英语选修1 Unit1 People of Achievement
核心词汇配套练习题
第一部分：选词填空（共15题，每题2分）
A) 单项选择：从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择最佳答案。
1. Her greatest ______ was finding a cure for the disease, which saved countless lives.
A. contribution
B. achievement
C. innovation
D. research
2. Despite many failures, his ______ kept him working towards his goal.
A. integrity
B. legacy
C. perseverance
D. curiosity
3. The scientist is widely ______ as an ______ in the field of genetics.
A. awarded ... inventor
B. recognized ... authority
C. admired ... philanthropist
D. honored ... pioneer
4. A true leader’s ______ often continues to inspire people long after they are gone.
A. breakthrough
B. conviction
C. legacy
D. ambition
5. His ______ to help others, without expecting anything in return, is truly admirable.
A. resilience
B. altruism
C. expertise
D. eloquence
B) 篇章选词：从下方方框中选择最合适的单词，用其正确形式填入文章空白处。每个单词只能用一次。
inspire / contribute / overcome / quality / success / determine / face / challenge
What makes a person of great achievement Often, it is not just talent, but certain (6) ______ of character. They (7) ______ difficulties with (8) ______ and resilience. Their (9) ______ to a cause is unwavering. They are willing to (10) ______ obstacles that others might find impossible. Through their efforts, they not only achieve personal (11) ______ but also (12) ______ to society. Their stories (13) ______ future generations to dream big and work hard.
第二部分：句子匹配与改写（共10题，每题2分）
A) 匹配题：将句子与最匹配的回应连线。
1. She spent her life helping refugees.
2. He never gave up, even after ten failed experiments.
3. Her research completely changed how we treat the illness.
4. He is known for being completely honest and fair.
5. His new manufacturing method made production much faster.
A. That’s a great example of a breakthrough.
B. That shows his remarkable perseverance.
C. That was a major innovation in the industry.
D. That is the true spirit of a humanitarian.
E. His integrity earned him everyone’s trust.
B) 句子改写：使用括号中所给单词的恰当形式改写句子，保持句意基本不变。
6. She kept trying until she finally succeeded. (perseverance)
→ Her ______ finally led to success.
7. He gave all his money to build a school. (donate)
→ He ______ all his money to build a school.
8. She is very knowledgeable about ancient history. (expertise)
→ She has great ______ in ancient history.
9. His brave actions during the crisis made everyone admire him. (courage)
→ His ______ during the crisis earned him admiration.
10. The discovery of penicillin was a very important advance in medicine. (significant)
→ The discovery of penicillin was a ______ advance in medicine.
第三部分：语境造句（共5题，每题4分）
根据中文提示和所给核心词汇，造一个语法正确、语义通顺的英文句子。
11. 毅力 (Perseverance) 和奉献精神 (dedication) 是克服 (overcome) 巨大挑战 (challenges) 并取得重大突破 (major breakthrough) 的关键。
12. 这位慈善家 (philanthropist) 的慷慨 (generosity) 和利他主义 (altruism) 对改善 (improving) 公共福利 (public welfare) 产生了深远的影响 (profound impact)。
13. 作为一个领域的先驱 (a pioneer in the field)，她的创新 (innovation) 和创造力 (creativity) 为后来者铺平了道路 (paved the way)。
14. 他的正直 (integrity) 和强烈的职业道德 (work ethic) 使他成为公司里年轻员工尊敬的榜样 (role model)。
15. 这位领导人的战略思维 (strategic thinking) 和有远见的 (visionary) 领导力 (leadership) 对国家的发展至关重要 (was crucial)。
第四部分：篇章理解与词汇应用（共10空，每空1分）
阅读下面短文，根据上下文和括号内中文提示，在空白处填入一个恰当的英文单词或短语。
Throughout history, individuals of great (16) ______ (成就) have shaped our world. What sets them apart is often not just intelligence, but remarkable (17) ______ (品质) like (18) ______ (毅力) and (19) ______ (勇气). They possess a deep (20) ______ (奉献精神) to their goals. Many are also (21) ______ (创新者) who are not afraid to challenge the status quo. Their (22) ______ (贡献) may be in science, art, peace, or social justice. Beyond their specific accomplishments, they leave behind a lasting (23) ______ (遗产)—a set of ideas, values, or institutions that continue to (24) ______ (激励) others. Studying these people teaches us that true achievement often involves serving a purpose greater than oneself and making a positive (25) ______ (影响) on society.
参考答案与解析
第一部分：选词填空
A) 单项选择
1. B. achievement
解析：achievement 指个人通过努力获得的“成就”，与“找到治愈方法”这一具体成功事例相符。contribution（贡献）偏重对他人或社会的付出，innovation（创新）、research（研究）是手段或领域，不如achievement贴切。
2. C. perseverance
解析：perseverance 意为“毅力，坚持不懈”，与 despite many failures（尽管多次失败）和 kept him working（让他持续工作）的语境直接相关。integrity（正直）、legacy（遗产）、curiosity（好奇）不符合。
3. B. recognized ... authority
解析：be recognized as an authority 是固定搭配，意为“被公认为权威”。awarded（颁奖）后常接奖项，inventor（发明家）、philanthropist（慈善家）、pioneer（先驱）可能符合部分语境，但authority（权威）更强调在专业领域的公认地位，与scientist和field of genetics（遗传学领域）搭配最精准。
4. C. legacy
解析：legacy 意为“遗产”，指留给后人的持久影响，与 continues to inspire people long after they are gone（在他们去世后很久仍继续激励人们）的描述完全吻合。breakthrough（突破）、conviction（信念）、ambition（雄心）不符合此语境。
5. B. altruism
解析：altruism 是专有名词，意为“利他主义”，即无私关心他人福祉，与 to help others, without expecting anything in return（帮助他人，不求回报）的定义完全一致。resilience（韧性）、expertise（专业知识）、eloquence（口才）均不表示无私的动机。
B) 篇章选词
6. qualities (品质)
7. face (面对)
8. determination (决心)
9. contribution (贡献)
10. overcome (克服)
11. success (成功)
12. contribute (做贡献)
13. inspire (激励)
解析：
第6题：qualities of character 是固定搭配，意为“品格特质”。
第7题：face difficulties 是常用搭配。
第8题：with determination 表示“带着决心”。
第9、12题：contribution 是名词，contribute 是动词，注意区分词性。Their contribution（他们的贡献）和 contribute to society（为社会做贡献）都是正确用法。
第10题：overcome obstacles 是固定短语。
第二部分：句子匹配与改写
A) 匹配题
1. D (她毕生帮助难民 → 这是人道主义者的真正精神。)
2. B (即使十次实验失败他也不放弃 → 这展现了他非凡的毅力。)
3. A (她的研究彻底改变了我们治疗该病的方法 → 这是突破的一个好例子。)
4. E (他以完全诚实公正闻名 → 他的正直赢得了所有人的信任。)
5. C (他的新生产方法大大加快了生产速度 → 这是该行业的一项重大创新。)
B) 句子改写
6. Her perseverance finally led to success.
解析：perseverance 是名词，意为“毅力”，作主语，替换了 She kept trying 这个句子。
7. He donated all his money to build a school.
解析：donated 是动词，意为“捐赠”，是比 gave 在此语境下更具体、更正式的词。
8. She has great expertise in ancient history.
解析：expertise 是不可数名词，意为“专业知识”，have expertise in... 是常用搭配。
9. His courage during the crisis earned him admiration.
解析：courage 是名词，意为“勇气”，作主语，替换了 His brave actions 这个短语。
10. The discovery of penicillin was a significant advance in medicine.
解析：significant 是形容词，意为“重大的”，替换了 very important，是更书面的表达。
第三部分：语境造句（参考答案）
11. Perseverance and dedication are key to overcoming great challenges and achieving major breakthroughs.
解析：are key to (doing) sth. 是固定搭配，意为“是…的关键”。overcoming 和 achieving 是动名词作介词to的宾语。
12. The philanthropist’s generosity and altruism had a profound impact on improving public welfare.
解析：have a profound impact on (doing) sth. 是常用句型。improving 是动名词。
13. As a pioneer in the field, her innovation and creativity paved the way for those who came after.
解析：pave the way for... 是固定短语，意为“为…铺平道路”。
14. His integrity and strong work ethic made him a role model respected by young employees in the company.
解析：make sb. sth. 是使役结构。respected by... 是过去分词短语作后置定语。
15. The leader’s strategic thinking and visionary leadership were crucial to the country’s development.
解析：be crucial to sth. 意为“对…至关重要”。
第四部分：篇章理解与词汇应用
16. achievement (成就)
解析：individuals of great achievement 意为“取得伟大成就的个人”。
17. qualities (品质)
解析：remarkable qualities 指“非凡的品质”。
18. perseverance (毅力)
解析：与 courage 并列，作为 example 的具体品质。
19. courage (勇气)
解析：与 perseverance 并列。
20. dedication (奉献精神)
解析：a deep dedication to... 意为“对…的深厚奉献精神”。
21. innovators (创新者)
解析：作表语，与前面提到的 qualities 相呼应，说明另一类人的特质。
22. contributions (贡献)
解析：Their contributions 作主语，与 may be in... 搭配，说明贡献的领域。
23. legacy (遗产)
解析：leave behind a lasting legacy 是常见表达。
24. inspire (激励)
解析：continue to inspire others，不定式 to 后接动词原形。
25. impact (影响)
解析：make a positive impact on... 是固定搭配。
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