中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
人教版高中英语选修1 Unit4 Body Language
核心词汇语境记忆
1. Body language is a form of nonverbal communication that uses physical behavior to express thoughts and feelings.
(重点词汇:body language 肢体语言,nonverbal communication 非语言沟通,physical behavior 身体行为,express 表达,thought and feeling 思想和感受)
中文翻译:肢体语言是一种非语言沟通形式,利用身体行为来表达思想和感受。
2. Eye contact can convey confidence, interest, or respect in many cultures, but its meaning varies.
(重点词汇:eye contact 眼神交流,convey 传达,confidence 自信,interest 兴趣,vary 变化)
中文翻译:在许多文化中,眼神交流可以传达自信、兴趣或尊重,但其含义有所不同。
3. A firm handshake is often seen as a sign of sincerity and assertiveness in Western business settings.
(重点词汇:handshake 握手,firm 坚定的,sign 标志,sincerity 真诚,assertiveness 自信果断)
中文翻译:在西方商务场合,有力的握手常被视为真诚和自信果断的标志。
4. Facial expressions, such as smiles or frowns, are universal ways to show happiness or displeasure.
(重点词汇:facial expression 面部表情,smile 微笑,frown 皱眉,universal 普遍的,show 显示)
中文翻译:诸如微笑或皱眉之类的面部表情,是表达快乐或不快的普遍方式。
5. Crossing your arms might be interpreted as a defensive or closed-off posture in a conversation.
(重点词汇:cross arms 交叉手臂,interpret 解读,defensive 防卫性的,posture 姿势,conversation 交谈)
中文翻译:在交谈中,交叉手臂可能被解读为一种防卫性或抗拒交流的姿势。
6. Nodding your head usually indicates agreement or understanding during a conversation.
(重点词汇:nodding 点头,head 头,indicate 表明,agreement 同意,understanding 理解)
中文翻译:在谈话时点头通常表示同意或理解。
7. Personal space, the distance people keep between themselves and others, differs across cultures.
(重点词汇:personal space 个人空间,distance 距离,keep 保持,differ 不同,across cultures 跨文化)
中文翻译:个人空间,即人与人之间保持的距离,在不同文化中有所不同。
8. A thumbs-up gesture generally means approval or “good job” in many countries, but can be offensive elsewhere.
(重点词汇:thumbs-up 竖起大拇指,gesture 手势,generally 通常,mean 意味着,approval 赞同)
中文翻译:竖起大拇指的手势在许多国家通常表示赞同或“干得好”,但在其他地方可能具有冒犯性。
9. Leaning forward slightly can show you are engaged and listening attentively to the speaker.
(重点词汇:lean forward 身体前倾,slightly 略微地,show 显示,engaged 投入的,listen attentively 认真倾听)
中文翻译:身体微微前倾可以表明你投入其中,并且在认真倾听讲话者。
10. Shrugging your shoulders often signals uncertainty, indifference, or a lack of knowledge.
(重点词汇:shrug shoulders 耸肩,often 常常,signal 表示,uncertainty 不确定,indifference 无所谓)
中文翻译:耸肩常常表示不确定、无所谓或不知道。
11. Mirroring someone’s posture or gestures can help build rapport and a sense of connection.
(重点词汇:mirroring 模仿,posture 姿势,gesture 手势,build rapport 建立融洽关系,sense of connection 连接感)
中文翻译:模仿对方的姿势或手势有助于建立融洽关系和连接感。
12. Avoiding eye contact might be considered a sign of disrespect in some contexts, but a sign of respect in others.
(重点词汇:avoid eye contact 避免眼神交流,consider 认为,disrespect 不尊重,respect 尊重,context 情境)
中文翻译:在某些情境下,避免眼神接触可能被视为不尊重的表现,而在其他情境下却是尊重的表现。
13. Tone of voice, though not strictly body language, works together with it to convey the full message.
(重点词汇:tone of voice 语气,strictly 严格地,work together with 与…共同作用,convey 传达,message 信息)
中文翻译:语气虽然不严格属于肢体语言,但它与肢体语言共同作用以传达完整的信息。
14. An open posture, with uncrossed arms and legs, suggests receptiveness and approachability.
(重点词汇:open posture 开放式姿势,uncrossed 未交叉的,suggest 暗示,receptiveness 乐于接受,approachability 易于接近)
中文翻译:双臂双腿不交叉的开放式姿势,暗示着乐于接受和易于接近。
15. Touching one’s face or hair repeatedly might be a nervous habit or indicate anxiety.
(重点词汇:touching 触摸,face 脸,hair 头发,repeatedly 反复地,nervous habit 紧张的习惯,anxiety 焦虑)
中文翻译:反复触摸自己的脸或头发可能是一种紧张的习惯,或表示焦虑。
16. The “OK” hand gesture has positive connotations in some places but is considered rude in others.
(重点词汇:OK hand gesture OK手势,positive 积极的,connotation 内涵,consider rude 认为粗鲁)
中文翻译:“OK”手势在一些地方有积极的内涵,但在另一些地方却被认为是粗鲁的。
17. Standing up straight with your shoulders back projects confidence and self-assurance.
(重点词汇:stand up straight 站直,shoulders back 挺胸,project 展现,confidence 自信,self-assurance 自信)
中文翻译:挺胸抬头地站直能展现出自信。
18. Cultural norms greatly influence what is considered appropriate or inappropriate body language.
(重点词汇:cultural norm 文化规范,greatly 极大地,influence 影响,appropriate 得体的,inappropriate 不得体的)
中文翻译:文化规范极大地影响着什么样的肢体语言被认为是得体或不得体的。
19. A pat on the back is usually a gesture of encouragement, congratulations, or comfort.
(重点词汇:pat on the back 拍后背,usually 通常,gesture 手势,encouragement 鼓励,congratulation 祝贺)
中文翻译:拍后背通常是一种表示鼓励、祝贺或安慰的手势。
20. Fidgeting, like tapping your foot, can be distracting and may imply boredom or impatience.
(重点词汇:fidgeting 坐立不安,tapping foot 抖脚,distracting 令人分心的,imply 暗示,boredom 无聊)
中文翻译:像抖脚这样坐立不安的小动作会令人分心,并可能暗示无聊或不耐烦。
21. Direct and steady eye contact is often expected in job interviews to show honesty and focus.
(重点词汇:direct 直接的,steady eye contact 稳定的眼神交流,expected 被期望,job interview 求职面试,honesty 诚实)
中文翻译:在求职面试中,通常期望直接而稳定的眼神交流以显示诚实和专注。
22. Proxemics is the study of how people use and perceive space in communication.
(重点词汇:proxemics 空间关系学,study 研究,use 使用,perceive 感知,space 空间,communication 沟通)
中文翻译:空间关系学是研究人们如何在沟通中使用和感知空间的学科。
23. A weak handshake might be perceived as a lack of confidence or enthusiasm.
(重点词汇:weak handshake 无力的握手,perceive 认为,lack of confidence 缺乏自信,enthusiasm 热情)
中文翻译:无力的握手可能被认为是缺乏自信或热情。
24. Pointing directly at someone with your finger can be seen as aggressive or accusatory in many cultures.
(重点词汇:pointing 指,directly 直接地,finger 手指,aggressive 具有攻击性的,accusatory 指责的)
中文翻译:在许多文化中,直接用手指指向某人可能被视为具有攻击性或是指责性的。
25. Smiling genuinely involves the muscles around the eyes, creating “crow’s feet,” and is hard to fake.
(重点词汇:smiling 微笑,genuinely 真诚地,involve 涉及,muscle 肌肉,crow‘s feet 鱼尾纹,fake 伪装)
中文翻译:真诚的微笑会牵动眼睛周围的肌肉,产生“鱼尾纹”,这很难伪装。
26. Hesitation in gestures or speech can sometimes reveal doubt or a lack of preparation.
(重点词汇:hesitation 犹豫,gesture 手势,speech 言语,reveal 暴露,doubt 怀疑,lack of preparation 准备不足)
中文翻译:手势或言语上的犹豫有时会暴露出怀疑或准备不足。
27. In some Asian cultures, a slight bow is a common greeting that shows respect.
(重点词汇:Asian culture 亚洲文化,slight bow 微微鞠躬,common 常见的,greeting 问候,respect 尊重)
中文翻译:在一些亚洲文化中,微微鞠躬是表示尊重的常见问候方式。
28. Hand gestures are used extensively in some cultures to emphasize points during conversation.
(重点词汇:hand gesture 手势,extensively 广泛地,use 使用,emphasize 强调,point 观点,conversation 谈话)
中文翻译:在一些文化中,人们广泛使用手势来在谈话中强调观点。
29. Reading body language accurately requires considering the context and the individual’s baseline behavior.
(重点词汇:reading 解读,accurately 准确地,require 需要,consider 考虑,context 情境,individual 个人)
中文翻译:准确地解读肢体语言需要考虑具体情境和个人一贯的行为模式。
30. Tilting your head to one side can show curiosity, interest, or confusion.
(重点词汇:tilting head 歪头,to one side 向一侧,show 显示,curiosity 好奇,confusion 困惑)
中文翻译:把头歪向一边可以表示好奇、兴趣或困惑。
31. A high-five is a celebratory gesture where two people slap each other’s raised palms.
(重点词汇:high-five 击掌,celebratory 庆祝的,gesture 手势,slap 拍打,raised palm 举起的手掌)
中文翻译:击掌是一种庆祝手势,两个人互相拍打对方举起的手掌。
32. Posture and stance can communicate authority, submission, or readiness.
(重点词汇:posture 姿势,stance 站姿,communicate 传达,authority 权威,submission 顺从,readiness 准备就绪)
中文翻译:姿势和站姿可以传达出权威、顺从或准备就绪的状态。
33. In many cultures, it is impolite to show the soles of your feet to others, as they are considered the lowest part.
(重点词汇:impolite 不礼貌的,show 展示,sole of foot 脚底,consider 认为,lowest part 最低贱的部位)
中文翻译:在许多文化中,向他人展示脚底是不礼貌的,因为脚底被认为是最低贱的部位。
34. Blinking more rapidly than usual can be a sign of nervousness or discomfort.
(重点词汇:blinking 眨眼,rapidly 快速地,usual 平常,sign 迹象,nervousness 紧张,discomfort 不适)
中文翻译:比平常更快速地眨眼可能是紧张或不适的迹象。
35. Micro-expressions are brief, involuntary facial expressions that reveal true emotions.
(重点词汇:micro-expression 微表情,brief 短暂的,involuntary 无意识的,facial expression 面部表情,reveal 揭示,true emotion 真实情感)
中文翻译:微表情是短暂、无意识的面部表情,能揭示真实的情感。
36. Putting your hands on your hips can be seen as a confident or even confrontational stance.
(重点词汇:put hands on hips 双手叉腰,confident 自信的,confrontational 挑衅的,stance 姿态)
中文翻译:双手叉腰可以被视为一种自信甚至是挑衅的姿态。
37. Nodding while someone is speaking is a form of backchanneling that shows you are following along.
(重点词汇:nodding 点头,while 当…时,backchanneling 回应信号,show 表明,follow along 跟上思路)
中文翻译:在别人说话时点头是一种回应信号,表明你正在跟上对方的思路。
38. Cultural awareness is key to avoiding misunderstandings caused by misinterpreting body language.
(重点词汇:cultural awareness 文化意识,key 关键,avoid misunderstanding 避免误解,cause 引起,misinterpret 误解)
中文翻译:文化意识是避免因误解肢体语言而引起误会的关键。
39. A wink can convey playfulness, shared secret understanding, or flirtation, depending on the context.
(重点词汇:wink 眨眼示意,convey 传达,playfulness 戏谑,shared secret 共有的秘密,flirtation 调情)
中文翻译:眨眼可以传达戏谑、心照不宣或调情,具体取决于情境。
40. Ultimately, effective communication depends on both verbal skills and the ability to correctly interpret nonverbal cues.
(重点词汇:ultimately 最终,effective communication 有效沟通,depend on 依赖于,verbal skill 语言技巧,interpret 解读,nonverbal cue 非语言信号)
中文翻译:最终,有效的沟通既依赖于语言技巧,也依赖于正确解读非语言信号的能力。
高中英语选修1 Unit4 Body Language
核心词汇配套练习题
第一部分:选词填空(共15题,每题2分)
A) 单项选择:从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择最佳答案。
1. A ______ is a form of communication that doesn’t use words, but instead uses gestures, posture, and facial expressions.
A. handshake
B. body language
C. personal space
D. tone of voice
2. In many cultures, avoiding ______ during a conversation can be seen as a sign of disrespect or dishonesty.
A. eye contact
B. personal space
C. facial expressions
D. cultural norms
3. Leaning forward slightly while someone is talking to you usually ______ that you are interested and paying attention.
A. interprets
B. signals
C. avoids
D. shrugs
4. The study of how people use and perceive physical space in communication is called ______.
A. proxemics
B. mirroring
C. microexpressions
D. posture
5. A brief, involuntary ______, such as a quick flash of anger, can reveal a person’s true feelings before they hide them.
A. handshake
B. shrug
C. microexpression
D. thumbsup
B) 篇章选词:从下方方框中选择最合适的单词,用其正确形式填入文章空白处。每个单词只能用一次。
understand / gesture / mean / communicate / culture / vary / important / respect
Body language is an (6) ______ part of how we (7) ______. A simple (8) ______ like a nod can (9) ______ different things in different (10) ______. For example, the “thumbsup” sign (11) ______ approval in some countries but is rude in others. This is why it’s (12) ______ to learn about body language when you meet people from other places. Showing (13) ______ for their customs helps avoid misunderstandings.
第二部分:句子匹配与改写(共10题,每题2分)
A) 匹配题:将句子与最匹配的回应连线。
1. He crossed his arms during the negotiation.
2. She gave him a firm handshake when they met.
3. In Japan, people often bow slightly when greeting.
4. He kept nodding while she explained the plan.
5. She pointed her finger directly at him while arguing.
A. This is a traditional sign of respect.
B. This can be seen as an aggressive gesture.
C. This might show he was feeling defensive.
D. This showed he was following and agreeing.
E. This conveyed confidence and sincerity.
B) 句子改写:使用括号中所给单词的恰当形式改写句子,保持句意基本不变。
6. The way you stand and move can send messages without words. (posture)
→ Your ______ can communicate without words.
7. Not looking someone in the eye might be thought of as dishonest. (avoiding eye contact)
→ ______ might be interpreted as dishonesty.
8. A real smile involves the muscles around your eyes. (genuine)
→ A ______ smile involves the eye muscles.
9. Understanding cultural differences is very important to prevent mistakes in body language. (key)
→ Cultural awareness is ______ to avoiding body language mistakes.
10. He raised his shoulders to show he didn’t know the answer. (shrug)
→ He ______ his shoulders to show he didn’t know.
第三部分:语境造句(共5题,每题4分)
根据中文提示和所给核心词汇,造一个语法正确、语义通顺的英文句子。
11. 眼神交流 (Eye contact) 在跨文化沟通 (crosscultural communication) 中意义差异很大 (varies greatly),因此在解读 (interpreting) 它时需要文化意识 (cultural awareness)。
12. 在许多商务场合,有力的握手 (a firm handshake) 被认为是展现 (projects) 自信 (confidence) 和专业素养 (professionalism) 的重要方式。
13. 模仿 (Mirroring) 对话者的姿势 (posture) 或手势 (gestures) 可以帮助建立 (can help build) 融洽关系 (rapport) 和信任 (trust)。
14. 诸如快速眨眼 (rapid blinking) 或坐立不安 (fidgeting) 这类微小的非语言信号 (subtle nonverbal cues) 常常会暴露 (reveal) 紧张 (nervousness) 或不适 (discomfort)。
15. 为了有效沟通 (communicate effectively),我们必须注意自己的肢体语言 (body language),并学会解读 (learn to interpret) 他人发出的非语言信号 (nonverbal signals)。
第四部分:篇章理解与词汇应用(共10空,每空1分)
阅读下面短文,根据上下文和括号内中文提示,在空白处填入一个恰当的英文单词或短语。
Body language, or (16) ______ (非语言沟通), is powerful. Our (17) ______ (面部表情), (18) ______ (手势), and (19) ______ (姿势) all send messages. For example, an (20) ______ (开放式姿势) with uncrossed arms suggests you are open and friendly. However, meanings can change across cultures. A (21) ______ (竖起大拇指) might mean “good” in one place but something offensive in another. This is why (22) ______ (文化规范) are so important to understand. (23) ______ (解读) body language correctly requires looking at the (24) ______ (情境) and the whole person. By paying attention, we can improve our (25) ______ (沟通技巧) and connect better with others.
参考答案与解析
第一部分:选词填空
A) 单项选择
1. B. body language
解析:body language(肢体语言)是一个整体概念,指通过手势、姿势、表情等进行的非言语交流。handshake(握手)是具体行为,personal space(个人空间)和tone of voice(语气)是其他非言语元素,但都不是题中描述的总体形式。
2. A. eye contact
解析:eye contact(眼神交流)是对话中的一个具体行为,avoiding eye contact(避免眼神交流)在特定文化中被视为不尊重或不诚实。personal space(个人空间)是距离,facial expressions(面部表情)是表情,cultural norms(文化规范)是规则,均不能与“avoiding”直接构成符合句意的常见搭配。
3. B. signals
解析:signal 作动词,意为“表明、示意”,描述“身体前倾”这个动作所传达的信息。interpret(解读)是理解方的行为,avoid(避免)、shrug(耸肩)不符合“前倾”动作的含义。
4. A. proxemics
解析:proxemics(空间关系学)是研究人们在沟通中如何使用和感知空间的专门学科。mirroring(模仿)、microexpressions(微表情)、posture(姿势)均非此研究的名称。
5. C. microexpression
解析:microexpression(微表情)是专业术语,指短暂、无意识流露的真实情感表情,与“brief, involuntary... quick flash”的描述完全吻合。handshake(握手)、shrug(耸肩)、thumbsup(竖大拇指)都是有意识、持续时间较长的动作。
B) 篇章选词
6. important (重要的)
7. communicate (沟通)
8. gesture (手势)
9. mean (意味着)
10. cultures (文化)
11. means (意味着)
12. important (重要的)
13. respect (尊重)
解析:
第6题:an important part 是常用搭配。
第7题:how we communicate 指“我们如何沟通”。
第8题:A simple gesture like... 举例说明。
第9、11题:mean/means 表示“意味着”,注意主谓一致(第11题主语是单数 sign)。
第10题:in different cultures 指“在不同文化中”。
第12题:It’s important to... 是常见句型。
第二部分:句子匹配与改写
A) 匹配题
1. C (谈判时他交叉双臂 → 这可能表明他处于防卫状态。)
2. E (见面时她有力地握了手 → 这传达了自信和真诚。)
3. A (在日本,人们问候时常微微鞠躬 → 这是表示尊重的传统方式。)
4. D (她在解释计划时他不断点头 → 这表明他听懂了并且同意。)
5. B (争论时她用手指直接指着他 → 这可能被视为一种挑衅性手势。)
B) 句子改写
6. Your posture can communicate without words.
解析:posture 是名词,意为“姿势、体态”,概括了 the way you stand and move。
7. Avoiding eye contact might be interpreted as dishonesty.
解析:Avoiding eye contact 是动名词短语作主语,意为“避免眼神接触”,替换了 Not looking someone in the eye。
8. A genuine smile involves the eye muscles.
解析:genuine 是形容词,意为“真诚的”,替换了 real,是更正式、常用的表达。
9. Cultural awareness is key to avoiding body language mistakes.
解析:be key to (doing) sth. 是固定搭配,意为“是…的关键”,比 is very important to prevent 更地道、简洁。
10. He shrugged his shoulders to show he didn’t know.
解析:shrugged 是动词 shrug 的过去式,意为“耸了耸肩”,直接替换了 raised his shoulders (to show...) 这个描述性短语。
第三部分:语境造句(参考答案)
11. The meaning of eye contact varies greatly in crosscultural communication, so cultural awareness is needed when interpreting it.
解析:The meaning of eye contact 作主语。so 引导结果状语从句。when interpreting it 是省略了主语和be动词的时间状语从句。
12. In many business settings, a firm handshake is considered an important way to project confidence and professionalism.
解析:be considered (as) a way to do sth. 是常用结构。不定式 to project 表示目的。
13. Mirroring a conversation partner‘s posture or gestures can help build rapport and trust.
解析:动名词短语 Mirroring... 作主语。can help (to) build 是常见搭配。
14. Subtle nonverbal cues, such as rapid blinking or fidgeting, often reveal nervousness or discomfort.
解析:such as 用于举例。reveal 后接两个并列的宾语。
15. To communicate effectively, we must be mindful of our own body language and learn to interpret the nonverbal signals others send.
解析:不定式 To communicate effectively 作目的状语。be mindful of 意为“留意、注意”。and 连接两个并列的谓语动词 must be 和 (must) learn。
第四部分:篇章理解与词汇应用
16. nonverbal communication (非语言沟通)
解析:or 引导同位语,解释说明 body language。
17. facial expressions (面部表情)
解析:与 gestures, posture 并列,同为发送信息的载体。
18. gestures (手势)
解析:常见的肢体语言类别。
19. posture (姿势)
解析:常见的肢体语言类别。
20. open posture (开放式姿势)
解析:与后面 with uncrossed arms 的解释相符。
21. thumbsup (竖起大拇指)
解析:作为例子,说明同一手势在不同文化中的含义差异。
22. cultural norms (文化规范)
解析:作主语,解释为什么理解差异很重要。
23. Interpreting (解读)
解析:动名词作主语,Reading 也可接受,但 Interpreting 更强调“解读、诠释”的过程。
24. context (情境)
解析:look at the context 是固定搭配,意为“考虑具体情境”。
munication skills (沟通技巧)
解析:improve our communication skills 是常见表达。
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