人教版（2019）选择性必修 第四册 Unit4 Sharing核心词汇语境记忆及检测（含答案）
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）选择性必修 第四册 Unit4 Sharing核心词汇语境记忆及检测（含答案） |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2026-01-20 00:00:00 | ||
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人教版高中英语选修4 Unit4 Sharing
核心词汇语境记忆
1. Sharing knowledge and experiences with others is a powerful way to learn and grow together.
与他人分享知识和经验是一种共同学习和成长的有力方式。
重点词汇/短语： sharing 分享；knowledge and experiences 知识和经验；powerful way 强有力的方式；learn and grow together 共同学习和成长；with others 与他人
2. Volunteer work often involves donating your time and skills to help those in need without expecting payment.
志愿工作通常包括捐赠你的时间和技能，不求回报地帮助需要帮助的人。
重点词汇/短语： volunteer work 志愿工作；donate time and skills 捐赠时间和技能；help those in need 帮助需要帮助的人；without expecting payment 不求回报；involve 涉及
3. Charitable organizations play a crucial role in raising funds and providing aid to communities facing difficulties.
慈善组织在为面临困难的社区筹集资金和提供援助方面发挥着至关重要的作用。
重点词汇/短语： charitable organization 慈善组织；play a crucial role 发挥关键作用；raise funds 筹集资金；provide aid 提供援助；communities facing difficulties 面临困难的社区
4. A sense of community is built when neighbors support each other and share responsibilities.
当邻里互相支持、分担责任时，社区感就建立起来了。
重点词汇/短语： sense of community 社区感/归属感；neighbors 邻居；support each other 互相支持；share responsibilities 分担责任；build 建立
5. Cultural exchange programs allow people from different backgrounds to share traditions, values, and perspectives.
文化交流项目让来自不同背景的人们能够分享传统、价值观和视角。
重点词汇/短语： cultural exchange 文化交流；people from different backgrounds 不同背景的人们；share traditions 分享传统；values and perspectives 价值观和视角；program 项目
6. Crowdfunding platforms enable individuals to raise money for personal projects, medical expenses, or social causes from many small donors.
众筹平台使个人能够从许多小额捐助者那里为个人项目、医疗费用或社会事业筹集资金。
重点词汇/短语： crowdfunding platform 众筹平台；raise money 筹集资金；personal projects 个人项目；medical expenses 医疗费用；social causes 社会事业
7. Philanthropy refers to the desire to promote the welfare of others, typically through generous donations of money.
慈善指的是促进他人福祉的愿望，通常通过慷慨的金钱捐赠来实现。
重点词汇/短语： philanthropy 慈善；promote the welfare of others 促进他人的福祉；generous donation 慷慨的捐赠；money 金钱；typically 通常
8. Collaboration between team members, by sharing ideas and resources, often leads to better results than working alone.
团队成员之间的协作，通过分享想法和资源，通常比单独工作能带来更好的结果。
重点词汇/短语： collaboration 协作/合作；team members 团队成员；share ideas and resources 分享想法和资源；lead to better results 带来更好的结果；working alone 单独工作
9. Food banks are non-profit organizations that collect and distribute food to people who cannot afford enough to eat.
食物银行是非营利组织，收集食物并分发给那些买不起足够食物的人。
重点词汇/短语： food bank 食物银行；non-profit organization 非营利组织；collect and distribute food 收集和分发食物；people who cannot afford... 买不起...的人；enough to eat 足够的食物
10. Mentoring is a valuable form of sharing where an experienced person guides and advises someone less experienced.
指导是一种宝贵的分享形式，由有经验的人指导和劝告经验不足的人。
重点词汇/短语： mentoring 指导；valuable form 宝贵的形式；experienced person 有经验的人；guide and advise 指导和劝告；someone less experienced 经验较少的人
11. Donating blood is a simple yet profound act of sharing that can save lives in emergencies.
献血是一种简单而深刻的分享行为，可以在紧急情况下挽救生命。
重点词汇/短语： donate blood 献血；simple yet profound act 简单而深刻的行为；sharing 分享；save lives 挽救生命；in emergencies 在紧急情况下
12. Open-source software is developed through collaboration and its code is freely shared for anyone to use and modify.
开源软件通过协作开发，其代码被自由共享，供任何人使用和修改。
重点词汇/短语： open-source software 开源软件；develop through collaboration 通过协作开发；code 代码；freely shared 自由共享；use and modify 使用和修改
13. Fair trade practices aim to ensure that producers in developing countries get a fair share of the profits for their goods.
公平贸易实践旨在确保发展中国家的生产者为他们的商品获得公平的利润份额。
重点词汇/短语： fair trade 公平贸易；practices 实践/做法；ensure 确保；producers in developing countries 发展中国家的生产者；fair share of profits 公平的利润份额
14. Sharing economy platforms, like those for ride-sharing or home-sharing, allow people to share underused assets for a fee.
共享经济平台，如拼车或房屋共享平台，允许人们付费分享未充分利用的资产。
重点词汇/短语： sharing economy 共享经济；platform 平台；ride-sharing 拼车；home-sharing 房屋共享；share underused assets 分享未充分利用的资产
15. Public libraries are essential institutions for sharing information, providing free access to books, media, and knowledge.
公共图书馆是分享信息的重要机构，提供对书籍、媒体和知识的免费获取。
重点词汇/短语： public library 公共图书馆；essential institution 重要的机构；share information 分享信息；free access 免费获取；books, media, and knowledge 书籍、媒体和知识
16. Empathy is the ability to understand and share the feelings of another, forming the foundation of true connection and support.
共情是理解和分享他人感受的能力，构成了真正联系和支持的基础。
重点词汇/短语： empathy 共情/同理心；ability 能力；understand and share feelings 理解和分享感受；foundation 基础；true connection and support 真正的联系和支持
17. A support group provides a safe space for people facing similar challenges to share their struggles and coping strategies.
互助小组为面临类似挑战的人们提供了一个安全的空间，以分享他们的困境和应对策略。
重点词汇/短语： support group 互助小组；safe space 安全的空间；people facing similar challenges 面临类似挑战的人们；share struggles 分享困境；coping strategies 应对策略
18. Sharing household chores equally among family members promotes fairness and reduces stress for everyone.
家庭成员平等分担家务能促进公平并减轻每个人的压力。
重点词汇/短语： share household chores 分担家务；equally 平等地；family members 家庭成员；promote fairness 促进公平；reduce stress 减轻压力
19. Educational resources should be widely shared to reduce inequality and give every child an equal opportunity to learn.
教育资源应被广泛分享，以减少不平等，让每个孩子都有平等的学习机会。
重点词汇/短语： educational resources 教育资源；widely shared 广泛分享；reduce inequality 减少不平等；equal opportunity 平等的机会；to learn 学习
20. Organ donors make the ultimate act of generosity by sharing their organs to save or improve the lives of others after their death.
器官捐献者做出了最终的慷慨行为，在去世后分享他们的器官以挽救或改善他人的生命。
重点词汇/短语： organ donor 器官捐献者；ultimate act of generosity 最终的慷慨行为；share organs 分享器官；save or improve lives 挽救或改善生命；after death 去世后
21. Peer-to-peer (P2P) networks allow users to share files and data directly with each other without a central server.
点对点网络允许用户在没有中央服务器的情况下直接相互分享文件和数据。
重点词汇/短语： peer-to-peer network 点对点网络；users 用户；share files and data 分享文件和数据；directly with each other 直接相互；central server 中央服务器
22. International aid involves sharing resources, expertise, and financial support from wealthier nations to assist developing countries.
国际援助涉及从较富裕的国家分享资源、专业知识和财政支持，以帮助发展中国家。
重点词汇/短语： international aid 国际援助；share resources 分享资源；expertise and financial support 专业知识和财政支持；wealthier nations 较富裕的国家；assist developing countries 帮助发展中国家
23. Time banking is a system where people exchange services based on time, with one hour of work earning one time credit.
时间银行是一种基于时间交换服务的系统，工作一小时获得一个时间信用。
重点词汇/短语： time banking 时间银行；system 系统；exchange services 交换服务；based on time 基于时间；time credit 时间信用
24. A potluck dinner is a social event where each guest brings a dish to share, creating a diverse and communal meal.
百乐餐是一种社交活动，每位客人都带一道菜来分享，创造出一顿多样化和共享的餐食。
重点词汇/短语： potluck dinner 百乐餐；social event 社交活动；each guest 每位客人；bring a dish 带一道菜；diverse and communal meal 多样化和共享的餐食
25. Mutual respect is fundamental in any relationship, ensuring that both parties feel valued and understood.
相互尊重是任何关系的基础，确保双方都感到被重视和理解。
重点词汇/短语： mutual respect 相互尊重；fundamental 基础的/根本的；relationship 关系；ensure 确保；feel valued and understood 感到被重视和理解
26. Carpooling to work or school is an eco-friendly way of sharing a ride, reducing traffic and carbon emissions.
拼车上下班或上学是一种环保的共享乘车方式，能减少交通拥堵和碳排放。
重点词汇/短语： carpooling 拼车；eco-friendly way 环保的方式；share a ride 共享乘车；reduce traffic 减少交通拥堵；carbon emissions 碳排放
27. Knowledge sharing sessions within a company can boost innovation and help employees learn from each other's expertise.
公司内部的知识分享会议可以促进创新，并帮助员工从彼此的专业知识中学习。
重点词汇/短语： knowledge sharing 知识分享；within a company 公司内部；boost innovation 促进创新；employees 员工；learn from each other's expertise 从彼此的专业知识中学习
28. The concept of "pay it forward" encourages people to respond to a kindness received by doing a kindness for someone else.
“把爱传出去”的概念鼓励人们通过为另一个人做一件好事来回应所受到的善意。
重点词汇/短语： pay it forward 把爱传出去；concept 概念；encourage 鼓励；respond to a kindness 回应善意；do a kindness for someone else 为另一个人做一件好事
munity gardens provide shared plots of land where residents can grow food, fostering interaction and self-sufficiency.
社区花园提供共享的土地，居民可以在那里种植食物，促进互动和自给自足。
重点词汇/短语： community garden 社区花园；shared plots of land 共享的土地；residents 居民；grow food 种植食物；foster interaction and self-sufficiency 促进互动和自给自足
30. Corporate social responsibility (CSR) involves businesses sharing their success by contributing to social and environmental causes.
企业社会责任涉及企业通过为社会和环境事业做贡献来分享他们的成功。
重点词汇/短语： corporate social responsibility 企业社会责任；businesses 企业；share success 分享成功；contribute to 贡献于；social and environmental causes 社会和环境事业
31. Borrowing tools or books from a neighbor instead of buying new ones is a practical example of sharing resources.
从邻居那里借用工具或书籍，而不是购买新的，是资源共享的一个实际例子。
重点词汇/短语： borrow 借用；tools or books 工具或书籍；neighbor 邻居；instead of 而不是；practical example of sharing resources 资源共享的实际例子
32. A skill-share workshop is an event where people teach each other practical skills they possess, like cooking or coding.
技能分享研讨会是人们互相教授他们所拥有的实用技能（如烹饪或编程）的活动。
重点词汇/短语： skill-share workshop 技能分享研讨会；teach each other 互相教授；practical skills 实用技能；possess 拥有；cooking or coding 烹饪或编程
33. Global health initiatives rely on countries sharing medical research, vaccines, and best practices to combat diseases.
全球健康倡议依赖于各国分享医学研究、疫苗和最佳实践来对抗疾病。
重点词汇/短语： global health initiative 全球健康倡议；rely on 依赖于；sharing medical research 分享医学研究；vaccines and best practices 疫苗和最佳实践；combat diseases 对抗疾病
34. Joint efforts in scientific research, through sharing data and findings, accelerate discoveries and benefit all of humanity.
通过分享数据和发现进行科学研究的共同努力，加速了发现进程并使全人类受益。
重点词汇/短语： joint efforts 共同努力；scientific research 科学研究；sharing data and findings 分享数据和发现；accelerate discoveries 加速发现；benefit all of humanity 使全人类受益
35. Sharing joy doubles it; sharing sorrow halves it. This proverb highlights the emotional power of sharing.
分享快乐，快乐加倍；分享悲伤，悲伤减半。这句谚语突出了分享的情感力量。
重点词汇/短语： share joy 分享快乐；share sorrow 分享悲伤；proverb 谚语；highlight 突出；emotional power 情感力量
36. Cooperative housing projects are based on residents sharing common facilities and making decisions together.
合作住房项目基于居民共享公共设施和共同做出决定。
重点词汇/短语： cooperative housing 合作住房；projects 项目；residents 居民；share common facilities 共享公共设施；make decisions together 共同做决定
37. Information symmetry in a market occurs when all parties have access to the same shared knowledge, leading to fairer transactions.
当市场中的所有参与者都能获得相同的共享知识时，就会出现信息对称，从而带来更公平的交易。
重点词汇/短语： information symmetry 信息对称；market 市场；all parties 所有参与者；have access to 能够获得；shared knowledge 共享知识
38. Altruism is the selfless concern for the well-being of others, often motivating acts of sharing and helping.
利他主义是对他人福祉的无私关心，常常激励着分享和帮助的行为。
重点词汇/短语： altruism 利他主义；selfless concern 无私的关心；well-being of others 他人的福祉；motivate 激励；acts of sharing and helping 分享和帮助的行为
39. Public parks are shared urban spaces where people of all ages can relax, play, and connect with nature and each other.
公园是共享的城市空间，所有年龄段的人都可以在那里放松、玩耍，并与自然和彼此联系。
重点词汇/短语： public park 公园；shared urban space 共享的城市空间；people of all ages 所有年龄段的人；relax and play 放松和玩耍；connect with nature 与自然联系
40. The internet has revolutionized knowledge sharing, making vast amounts of information accessible to people across the globe.
互联网彻底改变了知识共享，使得全球各地的人们都能获取海量信息。
重点词汇/短语： internet 互联网；revolutionize 彻底改变；knowledge sharing 知识共享；vast amounts of information 海量信息；accessible to people across the globe 全球各地的人们都能获取
人教版高中英语选修4 Unit4 Sharing
核心词汇配套练习题
I. 词义辨析单项选择 (共10小题)
1. ______ means giving your time and effort to help others without expecting money in return.
A. Collaboration
B. Volunteering
C. Crowdfunding
D. Donating
2. ______ organizations work to help people in need, often focusing on issues like poverty or education.
A. Charitable
B. Commercial
C. Private
D. Governmental
3. ______ allows many people to each contribute a small amount of money online to support a project or person.
A. Philanthropy
B. Fair trade
C. Crowdfunding
D. Time banking
4. The feeling of belonging and connection within a group is known as a sense of ______.
A. empathy
B. community
C. altruism
D. generosity
5. ______ means working together with others to achieve a common goal.
A. Mentoring
B. Collaboration
C. Exchanging
D. Borrowing
6. ______ involves an experienced person guiding a less experienced one to help them develop.
A. Volunteering
B. Mentoring
C. Crowdsourcing
D. Carpooling
7. ______ refers to the ability to understand and share the feelings of another person.
A. Respect
B. Sympathy
C. Empathy
D. Responsibility
8. ______ practices aim to ensure fair prices and good working conditions for farmers in developing countries.
A. Open-source
B. Fair trade
C. Corporate
D. International
9. A ______ is a place where people can get free food if they are struggling to afford it.
A. public library
B. food bank
C. community garden
D. support group
10. ______ means unselfish concern for the welfare of others.
A. Collaboration
B. Altruism
C. Exchange
D. Initiative
II. 阅读理解 (共5小题)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
The Ripple Effect of a Shared Meal
In our busy city, Ms. Chen, a retired teacher, felt a lack of community. Inspired by the idea of a potluck dinner, she placed a simple note in her apartment building's lobby: "Weekly Community Potluck - 7 PM Fridays. Bring a dish, share a story."
The first week, only two neighbors came. But they shared homemade noodles and laughter. Word spread. Soon, the weekly dinner became a fixture. A software engineer brought spicy tofu, a nurse brought fruit salad, and a student shared cookies from a family recipe. It was more than food sharing; it was cultural exchange and the birth of a support network.
Mr. Li, who lived alone and rarely spoke, started attending. One evening, he shared his skill in calligraphy. This led to a skill-share workshop in the building. Others offered gardening tips, basic car repair, and language lessons. A time banking system emerged informally – an hour of tutoring math could be "exchanged" for help fixing a leaky tap.
The building transformed. People looked out for each other. When Ms. Chen was ill, meals appeared at her door. This small act of sharing a meal created empathy, broke down isolation, and built a resilient, caring community. It proved that collaboration could start with something as simple as a shared plate of food, creating ripples of connection and mutual aid.
1. What was Ms. Chen's initial motivation for starting the potluck dinner
A. To make money by selling food.
B. To address her feeling of a lack of community.
C. To teach her neighbors how to cook.
D. To compete with other community events.
2. What was the primary benefit of the potluck dinners beyond just eating
A. It saved people money on groceries.
B. It created opportunities for cultural exchange and connection.
C. It provided free food for the needy.
D. It made Ms. Chen famous in the neighborhood.
3. What developed as a result of Mr. Li sharing his calligraphy skill
A. A formal school was opened.
B. An informal skill-share and time banking system emerged.
C. Everyone started learning calligraphy.
D. He became the building manager.
4. How did the community demonstrate "mutual aid" when Ms. Chen was ill
A. They called a doctor for her.
B. They brought meals to her door.
C. They cleaned her apartment.
D. They raised money for her.
5. What is the main message of the story
A. Potluck dinners are the best way to solve urban problems.
B. Large charitable organizations are more effective than local action.
C. Small acts of sharing can build powerful connections and a supportive community.
D. Retired people have too much free time.
III. 完形填空 (共15小题)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The Library of Things
In Greenville, the public library did more than loan books. It launched a "Library of Things," a brilliant example of the 1 ______ economy. The idea was simple: why should every household own a power drill used only ten minutes a year Instead, the library allowed residents to 2 ______ these items.
You could check out a 3 ______ drill, a sewing machine, or even a telescope. This 4 ______ of resources reduced waste and saved people money. It fostered a sense of 5 ______, as people weren't just taking—they were 6 ______ in a system. Ms. Gomez, a librarian, said it encouraged 7 ______. "People learn new skills. Borrowing a bread maker might inspire someone to start baking."
The project also had an element of 8 ______. Wealthier residents sometimes 9 ______ new or high-quality tools to the collection. It wasn't just about 10 ______ goods; it was about 11 ______ access and opportunity.
Teenagers borrowed gardening tools and helped elderly neighbors with their yards—an informal 12 ______ of services. The library became a 13 ______ for connection. This initiative showed that 14 ______, in its many forms, could make a community more sustainable, connected, and 15 ______.
1. A. sharing B. selling C. making D. losing
2. A. buy B. sell C. borrow D. break
3. A. public B. private C. personal D. common
4. A. waste B. creation C. sharing D. consumption
5. A. ownership B. community C. isolation D. competition
6. A. investing B. participating C. working D. playing
7. A. spending B. shopping C. learning D. hoarding
8. A. charity B. trade C. profit D. loss
9. A. donated B. sold C. lent D. showed
10. A. owning B. sharing C. seeing D. wanting
11. A. limiting B. blocking C. sharing D. hiding
12. A. sale B. exchange C. purchase D. donation
13. A. barrier B. hub C. end D. beginning
14. A. buying B. selling C. sharing D. keeping
15. A. poorer B. wealthier C. resilient D. weaker
IV. 语法填空 (共10小题)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Power of Giving
1 ______ (volunteer) is a powerful form of sharing. It 2 ______ (involve) donating your time and skills. Many young people volunteer at 3 ______ (charity) organizations, 4 ______ (help) with tasks like tutoring or cleaning up parks. This work builds a strong sense of 5 ______ (responsible) and 6 ______ (connect).
Another way to share is through 7 ______ (donate). You can donate money, clothes, or even blood. These acts, big or small, 8 ______ (make) a real difference. They are driven by 9 ______ (empathetic) and altruism. By sharing what we have, we 10 ______ (create) a kinder world.
V. 应用文写作
假设你是学校“爱心社”（Caring Heart Club）的负责人李华。为了帮助偏远地区的学生，你们社团计划组织一场旧书和文具捐赠活动。请你用英语写一份倡议书，张贴在学校公告栏。
内容需包括：
1. 活动的目的和意义。
2. 捐赠的具体要求（如图书类型、文具种类、物品状态等）。
3. 活动的时间、地点及后续安排。
4. 鼓励同学们积极参与，奉献爱心。
要求：
1. 词数100-120；
2. 使用本单元所学词汇至少5个；
3. 格式正确，语言真诚，有号召力。
参考答案及解析
I. 词义辨析
1. B Volunteering (志愿服务)。指付出时间精力帮助他人且不图金钱回报。
2. A Charitable (慈善的)。Charitable organizations 即慈善组织。
3. C Crowdfunding (众筹)。指网上多人小额集资支持项目或个人。
4. B community (社区)。a sense of community 指社区归属感。
5. B Collaboration (协作)。指为共同目标而合作。
6. B Mentoring (指导)。指有经验者指导经验不足者。
7. C Empathy (共情/同理心)。指理解并分享他人感受的能力。
8. B Fair trade (公平贸易)。指确保发展中国家生产者获得公平待遇的贸易实践。
9. B food bank (食物银行)。为困难人群提供免费食物的地方。
10. B Altruism (利他主义)。指无私关心他人福祉。
II. 阅读理解
1. B 细节题。第一段明确指出 “Ms. Chen... felt a lack of community. Inspired by...”。
2. B 细节题。第二段结尾提到 “It was more than food sharing; it was cultural exchange and the birth of a support network.”。
3. B 细节题。第三段描述 Mr. Li 分享书法技能后，引发了 skill-share workshop 和 informal time banking system。
4. B 细节题。第四段明确写道 “When Ms. Chen was ill, meals appeared at her door.”。
5. C 主旨题。全文通过一个具体事例，阐述了小小的分享行为如何建立起强大的社区联系和互助网络。
III. 完形填空
1. A sharing (共享)。Library of Things 是“共享”经济的例子。
2. C borrow (借用)。图书馆允许居民“借用”物品。
3. A public (公共的)。图书馆提供的是“公共的”工具。
4. C sharing (共享)。这种资源的“共享”减少了浪费。
5. B community (社区)。它培养了“社区”感。
6. B participating (参与)。人们是在“参与”一个系统。
7. C learning (学习)。借物品能鼓励“学习”新技能。
8. A charity (慈善)。富人捐赠工具带有“慈善”元素。
9. A donated (捐赠)。富人有时会“捐赠”新工具。
10. B sharing (分享)。这不仅仅是“拥有”物品，更是“分享”……
11. C sharing (分享)。……“分享”获取机会的途径。
12. B exchange (交换)。青少年和老人之间是一种服务“交换”。
13. B hub (中心)。图书馆成为了一个连接“中心”。
14. C sharing (分享)。这个倡议表明，“分享”能使社区……
15. C resilient (有韧性的/适应力强的)。“分享”能使社区更有韧性、联系更紧密。
IV. 语法填空
1. Volunteering (动名词作主语)
2. involves (主语为单数，一般现在时)
3. charitable (形容词修饰名词organizations)
4. helping (现在分词作状语，表伴随)
5. responsibility (名词)
6. connection (名词，与responsibility并列)
7. donation (名词，through为介词，后接名词)
8. make (动词原形，主语acts为复数)
9. empathy (名词，由by引导，与altruism并列)
10. create (动词原形，陈述事实)
V. 应用文写作 (参考范文)
Donation Initiative: Share a Book, Light a Future
Dear fellow students,
To help students in remote areas access more learning resources, our Caring Heart Club is launching a book and stationery donation drive.
This act of sharing can make a huge difference. Please donate your used but good-condition books (e.g., storybooks, textbooks) and stationery (pens, notebooks). Your donation is not just an item; it's an act of generosity and empathy.
Bring your items to the School Hall from Monday to Friday next week. All donations will be sorted and sent to partner charitable organizations.
Let's collaborate to spread knowledge and warmth. Your small contribution can light up someone's future!
Caring Heart Club
Li Hua
核心词汇语境记忆
1. Sharing knowledge and experiences with others is a powerful way to learn and grow together.
与他人分享知识和经验是一种共同学习和成长的有力方式。
重点词汇/短语： sharing 分享；knowledge and experiences 知识和经验；powerful way 强有力的方式；learn and grow together 共同学习和成长；with others 与他人
2. Volunteer work often involves donating your time and skills to help those in need without expecting payment.
志愿工作通常包括捐赠你的时间和技能，不求回报地帮助需要帮助的人。
重点词汇/短语： volunteer work 志愿工作；donate time and skills 捐赠时间和技能；help those in need 帮助需要帮助的人；without expecting payment 不求回报；involve 涉及
3. Charitable organizations play a crucial role in raising funds and providing aid to communities facing difficulties.
慈善组织在为面临困难的社区筹集资金和提供援助方面发挥着至关重要的作用。
重点词汇/短语： charitable organization 慈善组织；play a crucial role 发挥关键作用；raise funds 筹集资金；provide aid 提供援助；communities facing difficulties 面临困难的社区
4. A sense of community is built when neighbors support each other and share responsibilities.
当邻里互相支持、分担责任时，社区感就建立起来了。
重点词汇/短语： sense of community 社区感/归属感；neighbors 邻居；support each other 互相支持；share responsibilities 分担责任；build 建立
5. Cultural exchange programs allow people from different backgrounds to share traditions, values, and perspectives.
文化交流项目让来自不同背景的人们能够分享传统、价值观和视角。
重点词汇/短语： cultural exchange 文化交流；people from different backgrounds 不同背景的人们；share traditions 分享传统；values and perspectives 价值观和视角；program 项目
6. Crowdfunding platforms enable individuals to raise money for personal projects, medical expenses, or social causes from many small donors.
众筹平台使个人能够从许多小额捐助者那里为个人项目、医疗费用或社会事业筹集资金。
重点词汇/短语： crowdfunding platform 众筹平台；raise money 筹集资金；personal projects 个人项目；medical expenses 医疗费用；social causes 社会事业
7. Philanthropy refers to the desire to promote the welfare of others, typically through generous donations of money.
慈善指的是促进他人福祉的愿望，通常通过慷慨的金钱捐赠来实现。
重点词汇/短语： philanthropy 慈善；promote the welfare of others 促进他人的福祉；generous donation 慷慨的捐赠；money 金钱；typically 通常
8. Collaboration between team members, by sharing ideas and resources, often leads to better results than working alone.
团队成员之间的协作，通过分享想法和资源，通常比单独工作能带来更好的结果。
重点词汇/短语： collaboration 协作/合作；team members 团队成员；share ideas and resources 分享想法和资源；lead to better results 带来更好的结果；working alone 单独工作
9. Food banks are non-profit organizations that collect and distribute food to people who cannot afford enough to eat.
食物银行是非营利组织，收集食物并分发给那些买不起足够食物的人。
重点词汇/短语： food bank 食物银行；non-profit organization 非营利组织；collect and distribute food 收集和分发食物；people who cannot afford... 买不起...的人；enough to eat 足够的食物
10. Mentoring is a valuable form of sharing where an experienced person guides and advises someone less experienced.
指导是一种宝贵的分享形式，由有经验的人指导和劝告经验不足的人。
重点词汇/短语： mentoring 指导；valuable form 宝贵的形式；experienced person 有经验的人；guide and advise 指导和劝告；someone less experienced 经验较少的人
11. Donating blood is a simple yet profound act of sharing that can save lives in emergencies.
献血是一种简单而深刻的分享行为，可以在紧急情况下挽救生命。
重点词汇/短语： donate blood 献血；simple yet profound act 简单而深刻的行为；sharing 分享；save lives 挽救生命；in emergencies 在紧急情况下
12. Open-source software is developed through collaboration and its code is freely shared for anyone to use and modify.
开源软件通过协作开发，其代码被自由共享，供任何人使用和修改。
重点词汇/短语： open-source software 开源软件；develop through collaboration 通过协作开发；code 代码；freely shared 自由共享；use and modify 使用和修改
13. Fair trade practices aim to ensure that producers in developing countries get a fair share of the profits for their goods.
公平贸易实践旨在确保发展中国家的生产者为他们的商品获得公平的利润份额。
重点词汇/短语： fair trade 公平贸易；practices 实践/做法；ensure 确保；producers in developing countries 发展中国家的生产者；fair share of profits 公平的利润份额
14. Sharing economy platforms, like those for ride-sharing or home-sharing, allow people to share underused assets for a fee.
共享经济平台，如拼车或房屋共享平台，允许人们付费分享未充分利用的资产。
重点词汇/短语： sharing economy 共享经济；platform 平台；ride-sharing 拼车；home-sharing 房屋共享；share underused assets 分享未充分利用的资产
15. Public libraries are essential institutions for sharing information, providing free access to books, media, and knowledge.
公共图书馆是分享信息的重要机构，提供对书籍、媒体和知识的免费获取。
重点词汇/短语： public library 公共图书馆；essential institution 重要的机构；share information 分享信息；free access 免费获取；books, media, and knowledge 书籍、媒体和知识
16. Empathy is the ability to understand and share the feelings of another, forming the foundation of true connection and support.
共情是理解和分享他人感受的能力，构成了真正联系和支持的基础。
重点词汇/短语： empathy 共情/同理心；ability 能力；understand and share feelings 理解和分享感受；foundation 基础；true connection and support 真正的联系和支持
17. A support group provides a safe space for people facing similar challenges to share their struggles and coping strategies.
互助小组为面临类似挑战的人们提供了一个安全的空间，以分享他们的困境和应对策略。
重点词汇/短语： support group 互助小组；safe space 安全的空间；people facing similar challenges 面临类似挑战的人们；share struggles 分享困境；coping strategies 应对策略
18. Sharing household chores equally among family members promotes fairness and reduces stress for everyone.
家庭成员平等分担家务能促进公平并减轻每个人的压力。
重点词汇/短语： share household chores 分担家务；equally 平等地；family members 家庭成员；promote fairness 促进公平；reduce stress 减轻压力
19. Educational resources should be widely shared to reduce inequality and give every child an equal opportunity to learn.
教育资源应被广泛分享，以减少不平等，让每个孩子都有平等的学习机会。
重点词汇/短语： educational resources 教育资源；widely shared 广泛分享；reduce inequality 减少不平等；equal opportunity 平等的机会；to learn 学习
20. Organ donors make the ultimate act of generosity by sharing their organs to save or improve the lives of others after their death.
器官捐献者做出了最终的慷慨行为，在去世后分享他们的器官以挽救或改善他人的生命。
重点词汇/短语： organ donor 器官捐献者；ultimate act of generosity 最终的慷慨行为；share organs 分享器官；save or improve lives 挽救或改善生命；after death 去世后
21. Peer-to-peer (P2P) networks allow users to share files and data directly with each other without a central server.
点对点网络允许用户在没有中央服务器的情况下直接相互分享文件和数据。
重点词汇/短语： peer-to-peer network 点对点网络；users 用户；share files and data 分享文件和数据；directly with each other 直接相互；central server 中央服务器
22. International aid involves sharing resources, expertise, and financial support from wealthier nations to assist developing countries.
国际援助涉及从较富裕的国家分享资源、专业知识和财政支持，以帮助发展中国家。
重点词汇/短语： international aid 国际援助；share resources 分享资源；expertise and financial support 专业知识和财政支持；wealthier nations 较富裕的国家；assist developing countries 帮助发展中国家
23. Time banking is a system where people exchange services based on time, with one hour of work earning one time credit.
时间银行是一种基于时间交换服务的系统，工作一小时获得一个时间信用。
重点词汇/短语： time banking 时间银行；system 系统；exchange services 交换服务；based on time 基于时间；time credit 时间信用
24. A potluck dinner is a social event where each guest brings a dish to share, creating a diverse and communal meal.
百乐餐是一种社交活动，每位客人都带一道菜来分享，创造出一顿多样化和共享的餐食。
重点词汇/短语： potluck dinner 百乐餐；social event 社交活动；each guest 每位客人；bring a dish 带一道菜；diverse and communal meal 多样化和共享的餐食
25. Mutual respect is fundamental in any relationship, ensuring that both parties feel valued and understood.
相互尊重是任何关系的基础，确保双方都感到被重视和理解。
重点词汇/短语： mutual respect 相互尊重；fundamental 基础的/根本的；relationship 关系；ensure 确保；feel valued and understood 感到被重视和理解
26. Carpooling to work or school is an eco-friendly way of sharing a ride, reducing traffic and carbon emissions.
拼车上下班或上学是一种环保的共享乘车方式，能减少交通拥堵和碳排放。
重点词汇/短语： carpooling 拼车；eco-friendly way 环保的方式；share a ride 共享乘车；reduce traffic 减少交通拥堵；carbon emissions 碳排放
27. Knowledge sharing sessions within a company can boost innovation and help employees learn from each other's expertise.
公司内部的知识分享会议可以促进创新，并帮助员工从彼此的专业知识中学习。
重点词汇/短语： knowledge sharing 知识分享；within a company 公司内部；boost innovation 促进创新；employees 员工；learn from each other's expertise 从彼此的专业知识中学习
28. The concept of "pay it forward" encourages people to respond to a kindness received by doing a kindness for someone else.
“把爱传出去”的概念鼓励人们通过为另一个人做一件好事来回应所受到的善意。
重点词汇/短语： pay it forward 把爱传出去；concept 概念；encourage 鼓励；respond to a kindness 回应善意；do a kindness for someone else 为另一个人做一件好事
munity gardens provide shared plots of land where residents can grow food, fostering interaction and self-sufficiency.
社区花园提供共享的土地，居民可以在那里种植食物，促进互动和自给自足。
重点词汇/短语： community garden 社区花园；shared plots of land 共享的土地；residents 居民；grow food 种植食物；foster interaction and self-sufficiency 促进互动和自给自足
30. Corporate social responsibility (CSR) involves businesses sharing their success by contributing to social and environmental causes.
企业社会责任涉及企业通过为社会和环境事业做贡献来分享他们的成功。
重点词汇/短语： corporate social responsibility 企业社会责任；businesses 企业；share success 分享成功；contribute to 贡献于；social and environmental causes 社会和环境事业
31. Borrowing tools or books from a neighbor instead of buying new ones is a practical example of sharing resources.
从邻居那里借用工具或书籍，而不是购买新的，是资源共享的一个实际例子。
重点词汇/短语： borrow 借用；tools or books 工具或书籍；neighbor 邻居；instead of 而不是；practical example of sharing resources 资源共享的实际例子
32. A skill-share workshop is an event where people teach each other practical skills they possess, like cooking or coding.
技能分享研讨会是人们互相教授他们所拥有的实用技能（如烹饪或编程）的活动。
重点词汇/短语： skill-share workshop 技能分享研讨会；teach each other 互相教授；practical skills 实用技能；possess 拥有；cooking or coding 烹饪或编程
33. Global health initiatives rely on countries sharing medical research, vaccines, and best practices to combat diseases.
全球健康倡议依赖于各国分享医学研究、疫苗和最佳实践来对抗疾病。
重点词汇/短语： global health initiative 全球健康倡议；rely on 依赖于；sharing medical research 分享医学研究；vaccines and best practices 疫苗和最佳实践；combat diseases 对抗疾病
34. Joint efforts in scientific research, through sharing data and findings, accelerate discoveries and benefit all of humanity.
通过分享数据和发现进行科学研究的共同努力，加速了发现进程并使全人类受益。
重点词汇/短语： joint efforts 共同努力；scientific research 科学研究；sharing data and findings 分享数据和发现；accelerate discoveries 加速发现；benefit all of humanity 使全人类受益
35. Sharing joy doubles it; sharing sorrow halves it. This proverb highlights the emotional power of sharing.
分享快乐，快乐加倍；分享悲伤，悲伤减半。这句谚语突出了分享的情感力量。
重点词汇/短语： share joy 分享快乐；share sorrow 分享悲伤；proverb 谚语；highlight 突出；emotional power 情感力量
36. Cooperative housing projects are based on residents sharing common facilities and making decisions together.
合作住房项目基于居民共享公共设施和共同做出决定。
重点词汇/短语： cooperative housing 合作住房；projects 项目；residents 居民；share common facilities 共享公共设施；make decisions together 共同做决定
37. Information symmetry in a market occurs when all parties have access to the same shared knowledge, leading to fairer transactions.
当市场中的所有参与者都能获得相同的共享知识时，就会出现信息对称，从而带来更公平的交易。
重点词汇/短语： information symmetry 信息对称；market 市场；all parties 所有参与者；have access to 能够获得；shared knowledge 共享知识
38. Altruism is the selfless concern for the well-being of others, often motivating acts of sharing and helping.
利他主义是对他人福祉的无私关心，常常激励着分享和帮助的行为。
重点词汇/短语： altruism 利他主义；selfless concern 无私的关心；well-being of others 他人的福祉；motivate 激励；acts of sharing and helping 分享和帮助的行为
39. Public parks are shared urban spaces where people of all ages can relax, play, and connect with nature and each other.
公园是共享的城市空间，所有年龄段的人都可以在那里放松、玩耍，并与自然和彼此联系。
重点词汇/短语： public park 公园；shared urban space 共享的城市空间；people of all ages 所有年龄段的人；relax and play 放松和玩耍；connect with nature 与自然联系
40. The internet has revolutionized knowledge sharing, making vast amounts of information accessible to people across the globe.
互联网彻底改变了知识共享，使得全球各地的人们都能获取海量信息。
重点词汇/短语： internet 互联网；revolutionize 彻底改变；knowledge sharing 知识共享；vast amounts of information 海量信息；accessible to people across the globe 全球各地的人们都能获取
人教版高中英语选修4 Unit4 Sharing
核心词汇配套练习题
I. 词义辨析单项选择 (共10小题)
1. ______ means giving your time and effort to help others without expecting money in return.
A. Collaboration
B. Volunteering
C. Crowdfunding
D. Donating
2. ______ organizations work to help people in need, often focusing on issues like poverty or education.
A. Charitable
B. Commercial
C. Private
D. Governmental
3. ______ allows many people to each contribute a small amount of money online to support a project or person.
A. Philanthropy
B. Fair trade
C. Crowdfunding
D. Time banking
4. The feeling of belonging and connection within a group is known as a sense of ______.
A. empathy
B. community
C. altruism
D. generosity
5. ______ means working together with others to achieve a common goal.
A. Mentoring
B. Collaboration
C. Exchanging
D. Borrowing
6. ______ involves an experienced person guiding a less experienced one to help them develop.
A. Volunteering
B. Mentoring
C. Crowdsourcing
D. Carpooling
7. ______ refers to the ability to understand and share the feelings of another person.
A. Respect
B. Sympathy
C. Empathy
D. Responsibility
8. ______ practices aim to ensure fair prices and good working conditions for farmers in developing countries.
A. Open-source
B. Fair trade
C. Corporate
D. International
9. A ______ is a place where people can get free food if they are struggling to afford it.
A. public library
B. food bank
C. community garden
D. support group
10. ______ means unselfish concern for the welfare of others.
A. Collaboration
B. Altruism
C. Exchange
D. Initiative
II. 阅读理解 (共5小题)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
The Ripple Effect of a Shared Meal
In our busy city, Ms. Chen, a retired teacher, felt a lack of community. Inspired by the idea of a potluck dinner, she placed a simple note in her apartment building's lobby: "Weekly Community Potluck - 7 PM Fridays. Bring a dish, share a story."
The first week, only two neighbors came. But they shared homemade noodles and laughter. Word spread. Soon, the weekly dinner became a fixture. A software engineer brought spicy tofu, a nurse brought fruit salad, and a student shared cookies from a family recipe. It was more than food sharing; it was cultural exchange and the birth of a support network.
Mr. Li, who lived alone and rarely spoke, started attending. One evening, he shared his skill in calligraphy. This led to a skill-share workshop in the building. Others offered gardening tips, basic car repair, and language lessons. A time banking system emerged informally – an hour of tutoring math could be "exchanged" for help fixing a leaky tap.
The building transformed. People looked out for each other. When Ms. Chen was ill, meals appeared at her door. This small act of sharing a meal created empathy, broke down isolation, and built a resilient, caring community. It proved that collaboration could start with something as simple as a shared plate of food, creating ripples of connection and mutual aid.
1. What was Ms. Chen's initial motivation for starting the potluck dinner
A. To make money by selling food.
B. To address her feeling of a lack of community.
C. To teach her neighbors how to cook.
D. To compete with other community events.
2. What was the primary benefit of the potluck dinners beyond just eating
A. It saved people money on groceries.
B. It created opportunities for cultural exchange and connection.
C. It provided free food for the needy.
D. It made Ms. Chen famous in the neighborhood.
3. What developed as a result of Mr. Li sharing his calligraphy skill
A. A formal school was opened.
B. An informal skill-share and time banking system emerged.
C. Everyone started learning calligraphy.
D. He became the building manager.
4. How did the community demonstrate "mutual aid" when Ms. Chen was ill
A. They called a doctor for her.
B. They brought meals to her door.
C. They cleaned her apartment.
D. They raised money for her.
5. What is the main message of the story
A. Potluck dinners are the best way to solve urban problems.
B. Large charitable organizations are more effective than local action.
C. Small acts of sharing can build powerful connections and a supportive community.
D. Retired people have too much free time.
III. 完形填空 (共15小题)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The Library of Things
In Greenville, the public library did more than loan books. It launched a "Library of Things," a brilliant example of the 1 ______ economy. The idea was simple: why should every household own a power drill used only ten minutes a year Instead, the library allowed residents to 2 ______ these items.
You could check out a 3 ______ drill, a sewing machine, or even a telescope. This 4 ______ of resources reduced waste and saved people money. It fostered a sense of 5 ______, as people weren't just taking—they were 6 ______ in a system. Ms. Gomez, a librarian, said it encouraged 7 ______. "People learn new skills. Borrowing a bread maker might inspire someone to start baking."
The project also had an element of 8 ______. Wealthier residents sometimes 9 ______ new or high-quality tools to the collection. It wasn't just about 10 ______ goods; it was about 11 ______ access and opportunity.
Teenagers borrowed gardening tools and helped elderly neighbors with their yards—an informal 12 ______ of services. The library became a 13 ______ for connection. This initiative showed that 14 ______, in its many forms, could make a community more sustainable, connected, and 15 ______.
1. A. sharing B. selling C. making D. losing
2. A. buy B. sell C. borrow D. break
3. A. public B. private C. personal D. common
4. A. waste B. creation C. sharing D. consumption
5. A. ownership B. community C. isolation D. competition
6. A. investing B. participating C. working D. playing
7. A. spending B. shopping C. learning D. hoarding
8. A. charity B. trade C. profit D. loss
9. A. donated B. sold C. lent D. showed
10. A. owning B. sharing C. seeing D. wanting
11. A. limiting B. blocking C. sharing D. hiding
12. A. sale B. exchange C. purchase D. donation
13. A. barrier B. hub C. end D. beginning
14. A. buying B. selling C. sharing D. keeping
15. A. poorer B. wealthier C. resilient D. weaker
IV. 语法填空 (共10小题)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Power of Giving
1 ______ (volunteer) is a powerful form of sharing. It 2 ______ (involve) donating your time and skills. Many young people volunteer at 3 ______ (charity) organizations, 4 ______ (help) with tasks like tutoring or cleaning up parks. This work builds a strong sense of 5 ______ (responsible) and 6 ______ (connect).
Another way to share is through 7 ______ (donate). You can donate money, clothes, or even blood. These acts, big or small, 8 ______ (make) a real difference. They are driven by 9 ______ (empathetic) and altruism. By sharing what we have, we 10 ______ (create) a kinder world.
V. 应用文写作
假设你是学校“爱心社”（Caring Heart Club）的负责人李华。为了帮助偏远地区的学生，你们社团计划组织一场旧书和文具捐赠活动。请你用英语写一份倡议书，张贴在学校公告栏。
内容需包括：
1. 活动的目的和意义。
2. 捐赠的具体要求（如图书类型、文具种类、物品状态等）。
3. 活动的时间、地点及后续安排。
4. 鼓励同学们积极参与，奉献爱心。
要求：
1. 词数100-120；
2. 使用本单元所学词汇至少5个；
3. 格式正确，语言真诚，有号召力。
参考答案及解析
I. 词义辨析
1. B Volunteering (志愿服务)。指付出时间精力帮助他人且不图金钱回报。
2. A Charitable (慈善的)。Charitable organizations 即慈善组织。
3. C Crowdfunding (众筹)。指网上多人小额集资支持项目或个人。
4. B community (社区)。a sense of community 指社区归属感。
5. B Collaboration (协作)。指为共同目标而合作。
6. B Mentoring (指导)。指有经验者指导经验不足者。
7. C Empathy (共情/同理心)。指理解并分享他人感受的能力。
8. B Fair trade (公平贸易)。指确保发展中国家生产者获得公平待遇的贸易实践。
9. B food bank (食物银行)。为困难人群提供免费食物的地方。
10. B Altruism (利他主义)。指无私关心他人福祉。
II. 阅读理解
1. B 细节题。第一段明确指出 “Ms. Chen... felt a lack of community. Inspired by...”。
2. B 细节题。第二段结尾提到 “It was more than food sharing; it was cultural exchange and the birth of a support network.”。
3. B 细节题。第三段描述 Mr. Li 分享书法技能后，引发了 skill-share workshop 和 informal time banking system。
4. B 细节题。第四段明确写道 “When Ms. Chen was ill, meals appeared at her door.”。
5. C 主旨题。全文通过一个具体事例，阐述了小小的分享行为如何建立起强大的社区联系和互助网络。
III. 完形填空
1. A sharing (共享)。Library of Things 是“共享”经济的例子。
2. C borrow (借用)。图书馆允许居民“借用”物品。
3. A public (公共的)。图书馆提供的是“公共的”工具。
4. C sharing (共享)。这种资源的“共享”减少了浪费。
5. B community (社区)。它培养了“社区”感。
6. B participating (参与)。人们是在“参与”一个系统。
7. C learning (学习)。借物品能鼓励“学习”新技能。
8. A charity (慈善)。富人捐赠工具带有“慈善”元素。
9. A donated (捐赠)。富人有时会“捐赠”新工具。
10. B sharing (分享)。这不仅仅是“拥有”物品，更是“分享”……
11. C sharing (分享)。……“分享”获取机会的途径。
12. B exchange (交换)。青少年和老人之间是一种服务“交换”。
13. B hub (中心)。图书馆成为了一个连接“中心”。
14. C sharing (分享)。这个倡议表明，“分享”能使社区……
15. C resilient (有韧性的/适应力强的)。“分享”能使社区更有韧性、联系更紧密。
IV. 语法填空
1. Volunteering (动名词作主语)
2. involves (主语为单数，一般现在时)
3. charitable (形容词修饰名词organizations)
4. helping (现在分词作状语，表伴随)
5. responsibility (名词)
6. connection (名词，与responsibility并列)
7. donation (名词，through为介词，后接名词)
8. make (动词原形，主语acts为复数)
9. empathy (名词，由by引导，与altruism并列)
10. create (动词原形，陈述事实)
V. 应用文写作 (参考范文)
Donation Initiative: Share a Book, Light a Future
Dear fellow students,
To help students in remote areas access more learning resources, our Caring Heart Club is launching a book and stationery donation drive.
This act of sharing can make a huge difference. Please donate your used but good-condition books (e.g., storybooks, textbooks) and stationery (pens, notebooks). Your donation is not just an item; it's an act of generosity and empathy.
Bring your items to the School Hall from Monday to Friday next week. All donations will be sorted and sent to partner charitable organizations.
Let's collaborate to spread knowledge and warmth. Your small contribution can light up someone's future!
Caring Heart Club
Li Hua