北京市第八十中学2025-2026学年高一上学期期中英语试题（含答案）
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| 名称 | 北京市第八十中学2025-2026学年高一上学期期中英语试题（含答案） |
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| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 98.2KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2026-01-20 00:00:00 | ||
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文档简介
北京市第八十中学2025——2026学年第一学期期中考试
高 一 英 语
班级 姓名 考号
（考试时间90分钟 满分100分）
提示：试卷答案请一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色签字笔作答。
第一部分 知识运用(共两节， 30分)
第一节 完形填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
After I lost my right hand in a car accident ten years ago, I thought I would never be able to lead a normal life again. I was equipped with an artificial hand, but it did not feel like a part of me. Even 1 things like getting dressed were unbelievably difficult. Three months ago, 2 , all that changed whenI was given the 3 to test a new robotic hand.
Scientists have been making great progress in robotic technology in recent years, and their work on robotic limbs(四肢) has really changed my life. With my new hand, I can move my individual fingers and 4 very small things, like pens and pencils. More 5 , my robotic hand is capable of 6 varying degrees of pressure, just like a 7 hand.
Over the past three months I have been testing out the 8 of what I can do with my new hand, and it constantly surprises me. I have rediscovered hobbies I enjoyed before my accident. For example, I have been cooking for my family since I got my new hand. Not only can I do more, but I also feel more 9 when I hang out with friends. And now I'm so 10 for all the new possibilities my robotic hand has opened up
1. A. strange B. simple C. interesting D. important
2. A. however B. instead C. thus D. moreover
3. A. space B. power C. chance D. method
4. A. grasp B. draw C. balance D. afford
5. A. casually B. amazingly C. obviously D. seriously
6. A. examining B. touching C. reaching D. feeling
7. A. new B. real C. special D. strong
8. A. limits B. ways C. rules D. behaviors
9. A. curious B. energetic C. confident D. anxious
10. A. suitable B. regretful C. responsible D. grateful
第二节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
A
Zhang Tian travelled to the village with an eager heart. However, not everything lived up to Zhang Tian's hopes. The school was much smaller than he 11 (expect), with only three classrooms. In front of the classrooms, there was a playground 12 got dusty on windy days and muddy on rainy days. Living in the village was so 13 (challenge) that the thought of leaving once flashed through his mind, but he quickly gave up on the idea and found ways 14 (deal) with the challenges. And everything turned out to be rewarding in the end.
B
On the school basketball team Paul used to be nobody but a replacement 15 skills were not recognized by the coach.
Then during one match, when one player accidentally hurt his knee, Paul 16 (put) onto the court. Paul knew it was his time to shine. He gave it his best shot and the other team couldn't even keep up with him. Finally, Paul helped the team win the match 17 two points. The crowd couldn't stop clapping and cheering.
C
Long- distance running is a great sport for beginners. To start with, you should draw up a training plan. Set 18(achieve) goals. Make sure you are running the right amount that your body can take without getting hurt. There will be times when you want to give up. But just hang in there and tell yourself that it will get easier. If you are feeling 19 (stress), you should definitely go for a run. Nothing gives you more satisfaction than 20 (realize) that all the sweat and hard work are worthy in the end.
第二部分 阅读理解(共14小题；每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Various Apps to Learn
Apps are typical digital learning tools, which can give you diverse and personalized content to meet your needs. Want to find an app that can help you learn Here are some great ideas for you.
Khan Academy allows you to learn almost anything for free. It covers subjects such as math, physics, biology, and even computer science. The real magic of this app is that you can learn at your own pace. You can review subjects that you are not good at or start learning a subject you like. The app is in English. If you want to see its translation you can visit http:// opencom/ khan.
BrainPOP mixes learning and technology in a fun and simple way. It's free and teaches you something new every day. From the solar system to DNA, each topic starts with an interesting cartoon movie. After you' ve watched it, you can take a test to see how much you've learned.
Udemy is a “learn on demand” website and app. It is for career-oriented individuals to start their course paying at $10.99. This app allows you the flexibility to take your time on a course you purchase over the course of several months, without worrying about recurring(重复的) payments before you finish. This flexible learning app allows you to take things slow, fast, or anywhere in-between with complete control on your end.
Duolingo is the premier leader in language education for learning apps. You can learn to speak 29 different languages, all at the touch of a button. You’ ll be invited to not only read new words, but to speak to them. You’ ll learn grammar and conversational strategies. This app helps you learn to communicate with a new portion of its inhabitants!
21. According to the passage, what apps allow you to learn at your speed
A. Khan Academy and BrainPOP B. Udemy and Duolingo
C. Khan Academy and Udemy D. BrainPOP and Duolingo
22. What can Duolingo offer its users
A. Subjects reviewing B. Career training
C. Technical support D. Speaking practice
23. What is the purpose of the passage
A. To help find the suitable learning apps
B. To introduce the development of learning technology
C. To compare the difference of different learning methods
D. To provide various learning activities
B
Evangeline Iarossi is a softball (垒球) player from Tampa, Florida. She played with a softball league, but her community faced several problems. One of them was a lack of available fields for practices and games.
Her local league had some baseball fields, but only one softball field was available. That meant many of her practices were canceled. When the baseball teams needed room, they'd often take over the softball field, making it even harder to practice and play. Iarossi's team would end up on a T-ball field.“A lot of girls don't get practice, and they are dropping out,” she said.“When they couldn't practice because they couldn't get on the fields, they didn't improve and finally quit because it was not fun for them anymore.”
Instead of letting others deal with the problem, Iarossi decided to send a handwritten note to the city's leader,who was a basketball star at the University of Tampa. Her goal was to get support for the cause, but it did much more. Her note inspired the city's government to provide the funding from an entertainment company to build more fields that are accessible to everyone.
“I said it's not the 1800s anymore,” Iarossi commented. “Girls would like to play sports too.” It even led to an appearance on a well-known show to discuss her efforts. “I hope that all girls get to play softball, and that it's just fair for all in sports.”
24. Why did many of the girl softball players give up halfway
A. They were afraid of getting on the fields. B. They lacked practice fields.
C. They were prevented by the local league. D. They found it hard to play softball well.
25. Who helped Iarossi solve the problem
A. An entertainment company B. The local community
C. The University of Tampa D. A basketball star
26. Which words can best describe Iarossi
A. Modest and honest B. Friendly and humorous
C. Quiet and intelligent D. Helpful and responsible
27. What is the best title for the text
A. Public Support Is the Key to Success B. Call for Fairness in All Sports
C. Win Support for Girls' Play Opportunities D. Practice Makes Perfect
C
Earlier findings about sharks have shown that they could learn skills from each other. Recently, Vera Schluessel at the University of Bonn in Germany and her colleagues have done research on how well 12 bamboo sharks could recognize different numbers of objects.
Each shark was put in a training pool with pictures of two different groups of geometric (几何图形的) shapes projected onto a wall. The team then cycled through at least 40 objects of different shapes and shades to ensure the sharks weren't simply picking up on the darkness of the objects or the area of wall they covered. Around half the sharks learned to reliably press their nose against the image with the most objects, after which they were rewarded with food. These sharks only seemed able to pick out the bigger group if it contained at least two more objects than the smaller one. This may be because the difference between six and seven fish or predators(捕食者)is unimportant in the wild, says Schluessel. The reason not all the sharks learned how to do the task could be that they, like all animals, have differences in intelligence
Sharks join a growing number of animals that have been discovered to have similar skills at distinguishing quantities, including black bears, guppies and theses monkeys. In one experiment, dogs and wolves were able to reliably pick the larger of two groups. But dogs could only do so when one of the groups had far more objects.
Some shark species are social learners and can perform a task in a tank more quickly if they watch another shark that has already been trained to do it. This challenges the image of sharks as mindless, solitary creatures. Just like humans, sharks learn from their own experiences and failures. And just as we do, sharks can learn from each other's experiences too, says Catarina Vila Pouca at Macquarie University in Australia. “Being able to learn from others is enormously beneficial. Not only does it save time, but watching another shark's success at feeding or failure to escape predators could be a matter of life or death.”
Schluessel and her colleagues have also previously found that bamboo sharks have an advanced ability to recognize categories, such as snails or fish, enabling them to get a treat even if pictures look remarkably similar.This is similar to our ability to look at a goldfish and a salmon and know that they are the same type of thing, even though one is 30 times the size of the other.
28. What can we learn about the sharks in the recent research
A. They are capable of telling more from less.
B. They are trained to recognize the shapes.
C. They can identify objects due to the rewards.
D. They are no better than dogs in telling numbers.
29. What does the underlined word" solitary" in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A. Selfish B. Lonely C. Risky D. Lazy
30. What is the main purpose of the passage
A. To show how sharks learn from each other.
B. To explain how sharks and humans are alike.
C. To prove that sharks are smarter than they look.
D. To present the importance of numbers for sharks.
D
Palaces are known for their beauty and splendor, but they offer little protection against attacks. It is easy to defend a large building, but usually these buildings are not designed with the comfort of a king in mind. When it comes to structures that are both beautiful and defensive, the European castle is a big success.
Castles were originally built in England by the Normans in 1066. They built towers and walls to secure the land they had taken. These castles provided the Normans with a quiet and safe place. They also served as bases of operation for attacks. In this way castles served both defensive and offensive roles. Besides, castles served as offices for governors. Those that were socially beneath the governor would come to report affairs and express their respect. They would address problems, handle business, feast, and enjoy festivities in castles. So castles served as social centers as well.
The first castles were made from earth and wood, and they were likely to suffer from attacks by fire. Then wooden castles were gradually replaced by stone, which greatly increased the strength of these towers and walls. However, attackers could throw flaming objects into castles through the windows or burn the wooden doors. This led to moving the windows and entrances off of the ground floor and up to the first floor to make them more difficult to access.
During the Middle Ages, attacks increased in regularity, so castle defenses were updated. Arrow- slits were added. They were small holes in the castle, which allowed defenders to fire without being hurt. Towers were built from which defenders could provide fire on both sides. The towers were connected to the castle by wooden bridges, so that if one tower fell, the rest of the castle was still easy to defend. A lot of rings of castle walls were constructed, so that even if attackers went past one wall, they would be caught on a killing ground between inner and outer walls. All of these increased the defense of castles.
The end of castles can be attributed to gunpowder. During the 15th century, artillery, a kind of large guns, became powerful enough to break through stone walls. This greatly made the role of castles less effective. Though castles no longer serve their original purposes, remaining castles receive millions of visitors each year who wish to experience the situations of ancient times.
31. What was the original function of castles according to the passage
A. They served as tourist attractions.
B. They were built for use in emergencies.
C. They marked religious ceremonies.
D. They were important social centers.
32. The reason why wooden castles were replaced by stone castles was that .
A. stone castles cost less money
B. wooden castles were uncomfortable
C. stone castles offered better defense
D. wooden castles took a long time to build
33. Which of the following showed an improvement in castle defenses
A. Castles were totally separated by stones.
B. Windows and entrances were moved to the higher floor.
C. Rings of walls were built to defend the towers.
D. Arrow- slits were made in large quantities.
34. What is the main idea of the passage
A. To describe the process of building castles in different materials
B. To explain why palaces are less defensive than castles
C. To discuss the impact of gunpowder on the construction of castles
D. To introduce a history of castles and its rise and fall
第三部分 词汇 词块(共10小题：每小题1分，共10分)
用方框中词或词组的适当形式完成下列句子，每个词或词组只能用一次。
addict inspire remind in case prohibit relieve rather than keep up with occupy
35. It is difficult the rapid pace of change.
36. I prefer to play sports with friends exercise by myself.
37. Zhang Tian had met wonderful teachers from small villages during his early school years and he by them to go and teach where he was needed most.
38. My parents are worried that I may become to the Internet, because I'm playing computer games all the time.
39. Since the new shopping mall nearby opened, a temporary parking lot our old neighborhood's small park——a place that used to be quiet for kids to play.
40. Can you me to buy milk on the way home We' ve run out, and dad will want it for his coffee tomorrow.
41. Sometimes a city or town bicycling on sidewalks but makes exceptions for children under a certain age.
42. This medicine can provide from pain for those who suffer from headaches.
43. Lily opened the door, and her expression—— wide eyes, dropped jaw— made everyone laugh when she saw her friends with the birthday cake.
44. Take this medicine with you you have a headache on the trip.
第四部分 书面表达(共两节， 32分)
第一节 阅读与表达(共4 小题；第45、46题各2分， 47题3分， 48题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Nowadays, people are spending more hours on work. However, taking some time off is important for refreshing yourselves. If you' re having trouble making time for a break, the recent research by the UCLA's Anderson School suggests that treating your weekends like a vacation can make you happier.
The findings are based on a series of experiments. In one study of 441 workers, half of the test subjects were instructed to have a normal weekend, while the others had to" treat their weekend like a vacation.” The next Monday, the weekend vacationers reported that they felt happier and were generally more satisfied than those who had had a normal weekend. The vacationers also reported they spent more money in vacation mode— about $ 130 compared to$104. But it wasn't the money that bought them happiness. The researchers controlled for the amount of money both groups could spend. The vacationers were still happier than the ones who had experienced a typical weekend.
The reason the vacation approach may have worked wonders: The vacation mindset allows people to be more attentive to the present moment.“We' re always trying to get through things to check off our to-do lists and treating the weekend like a vacation pushes us out of our continuous ‘doing’ mode,” said Cassie Holmes, a professor atUCLA's Anderson School.
The study showed that getting into a vacation mindset during the weekend is relatively easy. Even if you can't take the entire weekend “off”, you can manage to steal a piece of the weekend to gain the benefits of a vacation mindset.
45. What does the research of the UCLA's Anderson School suggest
46· Why may the vacation approach have worked wonders
47. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
When the researchers controlled for the amount of money both groups could spend, the vacation group was unhappier than the other group.
48. What would you do to get into a vacation mindset at weekends And explain why. (In about 40 words)
第二节 写作(20分)
49.假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国笔友 Jim 来信询问你校开展体育活动的情况。请你给他回信，内容包括：
1.你校开展的体育活动；
2.给学生带来的益处。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
Yours,
Li Hua
北京市第八十中学2025-2026学年高一上学期期中英语试题 答案
第一部分 知识运用
第一节 完形填空
1.B
2.A
3.C
4.A
5.B
6.D
7.B
8.A
9.C
10.D
第二节 语法填空
11.had expected
12.that/which
13.challenging
14.to deal
15.whose
16.was put
17.by
18.achievable
19.stressed
20.realizing
第二部分 阅读理解
21.C
22.D
23.A
24.B
25.A
26.D
27.C
28.A
29.B
30.C
31.D
32.C
33.B
34.D
第三部分 词汇 词块
35.to keep up with
36.rather than
37.was inspired
38.addicted
39.has occupied
40.remind
41.prohibits
42.relief
43.thankful
44.in case
第四部分 书面表达
第一节 阅读与表达
45.Treating weekends like a vacation can make people happier.
46.Because the vacation mindset allows people to be more attentive to the present moment.
47.The false part is "the vacation group was unhappier than the other group". According to the research, even when the researchers controlled for the amount of money, the vacationers were still happier than those who had a typical weekend.
48.I will go for a picnic in the park with friends. It helps me relax, focus on the moment, and gain the happiness of a vacation mindset without spending much.
第二节 写作
Dear Jim,
I'm glad to tell you about the sports activities in our school. We have various activities, such as basketball, football, running and badminton. There are regular PE classes every week, and after-school sports clubs are popular too.
These activities bring great benefits. They help us keep fit and reduce study pressure. Besides, playing team sports teaches us teamwork and communication skills. We also make more friends while exercising.
Yours,
Li Hua
高 一 英 语
班级 姓名 考号
（考试时间90分钟 满分100分）
提示：试卷答案请一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色签字笔作答。
第一部分 知识运用(共两节， 30分)
第一节 完形填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
After I lost my right hand in a car accident ten years ago, I thought I would never be able to lead a normal life again. I was equipped with an artificial hand, but it did not feel like a part of me. Even 1 things like getting dressed were unbelievably difficult. Three months ago, 2 , all that changed whenI was given the 3 to test a new robotic hand.
Scientists have been making great progress in robotic technology in recent years, and their work on robotic limbs(四肢) has really changed my life. With my new hand, I can move my individual fingers and 4 very small things, like pens and pencils. More 5 , my robotic hand is capable of 6 varying degrees of pressure, just like a 7 hand.
Over the past three months I have been testing out the 8 of what I can do with my new hand, and it constantly surprises me. I have rediscovered hobbies I enjoyed before my accident. For example, I have been cooking for my family since I got my new hand. Not only can I do more, but I also feel more 9 when I hang out with friends. And now I'm so 10 for all the new possibilities my robotic hand has opened up
1. A. strange B. simple C. interesting D. important
2. A. however B. instead C. thus D. moreover
3. A. space B. power C. chance D. method
4. A. grasp B. draw C. balance D. afford
5. A. casually B. amazingly C. obviously D. seriously
6. A. examining B. touching C. reaching D. feeling
7. A. new B. real C. special D. strong
8. A. limits B. ways C. rules D. behaviors
9. A. curious B. energetic C. confident D. anxious
10. A. suitable B. regretful C. responsible D. grateful
第二节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
A
Zhang Tian travelled to the village with an eager heart. However, not everything lived up to Zhang Tian's hopes. The school was much smaller than he 11 (expect), with only three classrooms. In front of the classrooms, there was a playground 12 got dusty on windy days and muddy on rainy days. Living in the village was so 13 (challenge) that the thought of leaving once flashed through his mind, but he quickly gave up on the idea and found ways 14 (deal) with the challenges. And everything turned out to be rewarding in the end.
B
On the school basketball team Paul used to be nobody but a replacement 15 skills were not recognized by the coach.
Then during one match, when one player accidentally hurt his knee, Paul 16 (put) onto the court. Paul knew it was his time to shine. He gave it his best shot and the other team couldn't even keep up with him. Finally, Paul helped the team win the match 17 two points. The crowd couldn't stop clapping and cheering.
C
Long- distance running is a great sport for beginners. To start with, you should draw up a training plan. Set 18(achieve) goals. Make sure you are running the right amount that your body can take without getting hurt. There will be times when you want to give up. But just hang in there and tell yourself that it will get easier. If you are feeling 19 (stress), you should definitely go for a run. Nothing gives you more satisfaction than 20 (realize) that all the sweat and hard work are worthy in the end.
第二部分 阅读理解(共14小题；每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Various Apps to Learn
Apps are typical digital learning tools, which can give you diverse and personalized content to meet your needs. Want to find an app that can help you learn Here are some great ideas for you.
Khan Academy allows you to learn almost anything for free. It covers subjects such as math, physics, biology, and even computer science. The real magic of this app is that you can learn at your own pace. You can review subjects that you are not good at or start learning a subject you like. The app is in English. If you want to see its translation you can visit http:// opencom/ khan.
BrainPOP mixes learning and technology in a fun and simple way. It's free and teaches you something new every day. From the solar system to DNA, each topic starts with an interesting cartoon movie. After you' ve watched it, you can take a test to see how much you've learned.
Udemy is a “learn on demand” website and app. It is for career-oriented individuals to start their course paying at $10.99. This app allows you the flexibility to take your time on a course you purchase over the course of several months, without worrying about recurring(重复的) payments before you finish. This flexible learning app allows you to take things slow, fast, or anywhere in-between with complete control on your end.
Duolingo is the premier leader in language education for learning apps. You can learn to speak 29 different languages, all at the touch of a button. You’ ll be invited to not only read new words, but to speak to them. You’ ll learn grammar and conversational strategies. This app helps you learn to communicate with a new portion of its inhabitants!
21. According to the passage, what apps allow you to learn at your speed
A. Khan Academy and BrainPOP B. Udemy and Duolingo
C. Khan Academy and Udemy D. BrainPOP and Duolingo
22. What can Duolingo offer its users
A. Subjects reviewing B. Career training
C. Technical support D. Speaking practice
23. What is the purpose of the passage
A. To help find the suitable learning apps
B. To introduce the development of learning technology
C. To compare the difference of different learning methods
D. To provide various learning activities
B
Evangeline Iarossi is a softball (垒球) player from Tampa, Florida. She played with a softball league, but her community faced several problems. One of them was a lack of available fields for practices and games.
Her local league had some baseball fields, but only one softball field was available. That meant many of her practices were canceled. When the baseball teams needed room, they'd often take over the softball field, making it even harder to practice and play. Iarossi's team would end up on a T-ball field.“A lot of girls don't get practice, and they are dropping out,” she said.“When they couldn't practice because they couldn't get on the fields, they didn't improve and finally quit because it was not fun for them anymore.”
Instead of letting others deal with the problem, Iarossi decided to send a handwritten note to the city's leader,who was a basketball star at the University of Tampa. Her goal was to get support for the cause, but it did much more. Her note inspired the city's government to provide the funding from an entertainment company to build more fields that are accessible to everyone.
“I said it's not the 1800s anymore,” Iarossi commented. “Girls would like to play sports too.” It even led to an appearance on a well-known show to discuss her efforts. “I hope that all girls get to play softball, and that it's just fair for all in sports.”
24. Why did many of the girl softball players give up halfway
A. They were afraid of getting on the fields. B. They lacked practice fields.
C. They were prevented by the local league. D. They found it hard to play softball well.
25. Who helped Iarossi solve the problem
A. An entertainment company B. The local community
C. The University of Tampa D. A basketball star
26. Which words can best describe Iarossi
A. Modest and honest B. Friendly and humorous
C. Quiet and intelligent D. Helpful and responsible
27. What is the best title for the text
A. Public Support Is the Key to Success B. Call for Fairness in All Sports
C. Win Support for Girls' Play Opportunities D. Practice Makes Perfect
C
Earlier findings about sharks have shown that they could learn skills from each other. Recently, Vera Schluessel at the University of Bonn in Germany and her colleagues have done research on how well 12 bamboo sharks could recognize different numbers of objects.
Each shark was put in a training pool with pictures of two different groups of geometric (几何图形的) shapes projected onto a wall. The team then cycled through at least 40 objects of different shapes and shades to ensure the sharks weren't simply picking up on the darkness of the objects or the area of wall they covered. Around half the sharks learned to reliably press their nose against the image with the most objects, after which they were rewarded with food. These sharks only seemed able to pick out the bigger group if it contained at least two more objects than the smaller one. This may be because the difference between six and seven fish or predators(捕食者)is unimportant in the wild, says Schluessel. The reason not all the sharks learned how to do the task could be that they, like all animals, have differences in intelligence
Sharks join a growing number of animals that have been discovered to have similar skills at distinguishing quantities, including black bears, guppies and theses monkeys. In one experiment, dogs and wolves were able to reliably pick the larger of two groups. But dogs could only do so when one of the groups had far more objects.
Some shark species are social learners and can perform a task in a tank more quickly if they watch another shark that has already been trained to do it. This challenges the image of sharks as mindless, solitary creatures. Just like humans, sharks learn from their own experiences and failures. And just as we do, sharks can learn from each other's experiences too, says Catarina Vila Pouca at Macquarie University in Australia. “Being able to learn from others is enormously beneficial. Not only does it save time, but watching another shark's success at feeding or failure to escape predators could be a matter of life or death.”
Schluessel and her colleagues have also previously found that bamboo sharks have an advanced ability to recognize categories, such as snails or fish, enabling them to get a treat even if pictures look remarkably similar.This is similar to our ability to look at a goldfish and a salmon and know that they are the same type of thing, even though one is 30 times the size of the other.
28. What can we learn about the sharks in the recent research
A. They are capable of telling more from less.
B. They are trained to recognize the shapes.
C. They can identify objects due to the rewards.
D. They are no better than dogs in telling numbers.
29. What does the underlined word" solitary" in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A. Selfish B. Lonely C. Risky D. Lazy
30. What is the main purpose of the passage
A. To show how sharks learn from each other.
B. To explain how sharks and humans are alike.
C. To prove that sharks are smarter than they look.
D. To present the importance of numbers for sharks.
D
Palaces are known for their beauty and splendor, but they offer little protection against attacks. It is easy to defend a large building, but usually these buildings are not designed with the comfort of a king in mind. When it comes to structures that are both beautiful and defensive, the European castle is a big success.
Castles were originally built in England by the Normans in 1066. They built towers and walls to secure the land they had taken. These castles provided the Normans with a quiet and safe place. They also served as bases of operation for attacks. In this way castles served both defensive and offensive roles. Besides, castles served as offices for governors. Those that were socially beneath the governor would come to report affairs and express their respect. They would address problems, handle business, feast, and enjoy festivities in castles. So castles served as social centers as well.
The first castles were made from earth and wood, and they were likely to suffer from attacks by fire. Then wooden castles were gradually replaced by stone, which greatly increased the strength of these towers and walls. However, attackers could throw flaming objects into castles through the windows or burn the wooden doors. This led to moving the windows and entrances off of the ground floor and up to the first floor to make them more difficult to access.
During the Middle Ages, attacks increased in regularity, so castle defenses were updated. Arrow- slits were added. They were small holes in the castle, which allowed defenders to fire without being hurt. Towers were built from which defenders could provide fire on both sides. The towers were connected to the castle by wooden bridges, so that if one tower fell, the rest of the castle was still easy to defend. A lot of rings of castle walls were constructed, so that even if attackers went past one wall, they would be caught on a killing ground between inner and outer walls. All of these increased the defense of castles.
The end of castles can be attributed to gunpowder. During the 15th century, artillery, a kind of large guns, became powerful enough to break through stone walls. This greatly made the role of castles less effective. Though castles no longer serve their original purposes, remaining castles receive millions of visitors each year who wish to experience the situations of ancient times.
31. What was the original function of castles according to the passage
A. They served as tourist attractions.
B. They were built for use in emergencies.
C. They marked religious ceremonies.
D. They were important social centers.
32. The reason why wooden castles were replaced by stone castles was that .
A. stone castles cost less money
B. wooden castles were uncomfortable
C. stone castles offered better defense
D. wooden castles took a long time to build
33. Which of the following showed an improvement in castle defenses
A. Castles were totally separated by stones.
B. Windows and entrances were moved to the higher floor.
C. Rings of walls were built to defend the towers.
D. Arrow- slits were made in large quantities.
34. What is the main idea of the passage
A. To describe the process of building castles in different materials
B. To explain why palaces are less defensive than castles
C. To discuss the impact of gunpowder on the construction of castles
D. To introduce a history of castles and its rise and fall
第三部分 词汇 词块(共10小题：每小题1分，共10分)
用方框中词或词组的适当形式完成下列句子，每个词或词组只能用一次。
addict inspire remind in case prohibit relieve rather than keep up with occupy
35. It is difficult the rapid pace of change.
36. I prefer to play sports with friends exercise by myself.
37. Zhang Tian had met wonderful teachers from small villages during his early school years and he by them to go and teach where he was needed most.
38. My parents are worried that I may become to the Internet, because I'm playing computer games all the time.
39. Since the new shopping mall nearby opened, a temporary parking lot our old neighborhood's small park——a place that used to be quiet for kids to play.
40. Can you me to buy milk on the way home We' ve run out, and dad will want it for his coffee tomorrow.
41. Sometimes a city or town bicycling on sidewalks but makes exceptions for children under a certain age.
42. This medicine can provide from pain for those who suffer from headaches.
43. Lily opened the door, and her expression—— wide eyes, dropped jaw— made everyone laugh when she saw her friends with the birthday cake.
44. Take this medicine with you you have a headache on the trip.
第四部分 书面表达(共两节， 32分)
第一节 阅读与表达(共4 小题；第45、46题各2分， 47题3分， 48题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Nowadays, people are spending more hours on work. However, taking some time off is important for refreshing yourselves. If you' re having trouble making time for a break, the recent research by the UCLA's Anderson School suggests that treating your weekends like a vacation can make you happier.
The findings are based on a series of experiments. In one study of 441 workers, half of the test subjects were instructed to have a normal weekend, while the others had to" treat their weekend like a vacation.” The next Monday, the weekend vacationers reported that they felt happier and were generally more satisfied than those who had had a normal weekend. The vacationers also reported they spent more money in vacation mode— about $ 130 compared to$104. But it wasn't the money that bought them happiness. The researchers controlled for the amount of money both groups could spend. The vacationers were still happier than the ones who had experienced a typical weekend.
The reason the vacation approach may have worked wonders: The vacation mindset allows people to be more attentive to the present moment.“We' re always trying to get through things to check off our to-do lists and treating the weekend like a vacation pushes us out of our continuous ‘doing’ mode,” said Cassie Holmes, a professor atUCLA's Anderson School.
The study showed that getting into a vacation mindset during the weekend is relatively easy. Even if you can't take the entire weekend “off”, you can manage to steal a piece of the weekend to gain the benefits of a vacation mindset.
45. What does the research of the UCLA's Anderson School suggest
46· Why may the vacation approach have worked wonders
47. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
When the researchers controlled for the amount of money both groups could spend, the vacation group was unhappier than the other group.
48. What would you do to get into a vacation mindset at weekends And explain why. (In about 40 words)
第二节 写作(20分)
49.假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国笔友 Jim 来信询问你校开展体育活动的情况。请你给他回信，内容包括：
1.你校开展的体育活动；
2.给学生带来的益处。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
Yours,
Li Hua
北京市第八十中学2025-2026学年高一上学期期中英语试题 答案
第一部分 知识运用
第一节 完形填空
1.B
2.A
3.C
4.A
5.B
6.D
7.B
8.A
9.C
10.D
第二节 语法填空
11.had expected
12.that/which
13.challenging
14.to deal
15.whose
16.was put
17.by
18.achievable
19.stressed
20.realizing
第二部分 阅读理解
21.C
22.D
23.A
24.B
25.A
26.D
27.C
28.A
29.B
30.C
31.D
32.C
33.B
34.D
第三部分 词汇 词块
35.to keep up with
36.rather than
37.was inspired
38.addicted
39.has occupied
40.remind
41.prohibits
42.relief
43.thankful
44.in case
第四部分 书面表达
第一节 阅读与表达
45.Treating weekends like a vacation can make people happier.
46.Because the vacation mindset allows people to be more attentive to the present moment.
47.The false part is "the vacation group was unhappier than the other group". According to the research, even when the researchers controlled for the amount of money, the vacationers were still happier than those who had a typical weekend.
48.I will go for a picnic in the park with friends. It helps me relax, focus on the moment, and gain the happiness of a vacation mindset without spending much.
第二节 写作
Dear Jim,
I'm glad to tell you about the sports activities in our school. We have various activities, such as basketball, football, running and badminton. There are regular PE classes every week, and after-school sports clubs are popular too.
These activities bring great benefits. They help us keep fit and reduce study pressure. Besides, playing team sports teaches us teamwork and communication skills. We also make more friends while exercising.
Yours,
Li Hua
同课章节目录