人教版高中英语必修一名师精编-Unit5 Nelson Mandel -- a modern hero必考知识点精讲

名师精编：Unit5
必考知识点精讲
1.
devote
vt.(与to连用)献身；专心于
A
great
person
is
so
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )meone
who
devotes
his/her
life
to
helping
others.(P33)
伟大的人是献身于帮助他人的人。
①devote
oneself
to(doing)
sth.献身于……；致力于……
devote
one's
life/tim
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e/money/energy
to
(doing)sth.把某人的一生/时间/金钱/精力奉献于……
②devoted
adj.忠实的；深爱的
be
devoted
to
(doing)sth.专心于；致力于；奉献于……；忠爱
③devotion
n．献身，忠诚
I
devote
part
of
my
s
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )pare
time
to
playing
violin
everyday.我每天都花部分业余时间练习小提琴。
Mrs.Jones
had
a
very
devoted
husband.
琼斯太太有一位忠实的丈夫。
His
whole
lif
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
has
been
devoted
to
studying
the
origin
of
cancer.他的一生都献给了对癌症起因的研究。
根据汉语提示，用devote的相关词语完成下列小片段
怀特夫人，我的一位忠实的朋友，献身于她的事业。她对孩子们的关爱使我们投票选了她。
Mrs.White，a
________friend
of
mine，________her
career
and
her
________to
children
made
us
vote
for
her.
【答案】　devoted；devoted
herself
to；devotion
2.
equal
adj.相等的；平等的
But
I
was
happy
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o
help
because
I
knew
it
would
help
us
achieve
our
dream
of
making
black
and
white
people
equal.(P34)
但是，我乐于帮忙，因为我知道，这有助于实现我们的黑人和白人平等的梦想。
①be
equal
with
sb.与某人平等
be
equal
in
sth.在某方面平等
be
equal
to(doing)
sth.胜任(做)某事
②equally
adv.平等地
③equal
v．与……相等，等于；比得上
The
two
boys
are
equally
clever.
这两个男孩同样地聪明。
He
is
equal
to
doing
this
task.
他能胜任这项任务。
【对接高考】　
(2012·福建高考)Anyone
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，whether
he
is
an
official
or
a
bus
driver，should
be
________
respected.
A．especially
B．equally
C．naturally
D．normally
【解析】　A项为“尤其，特别”；B项为“平等
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )地，同样地”；C项为“自然地”；D项为“正常地”。由句意“任何人，不管他是一名官员还是一名公共汽车司机，都应该受到同样的尊敬。”可准确选择答案为B。
【答案】　B
介词填空
①He
has
no
experience，so
he
isn't
equal
________the
task.
②He
equals
me
________strength，but
not
in
intelligence.
③The
black
people
in
America
want
to
be
equal
______the
white
ones.
【答案】　①to　②in　③with
3.
escape
vi.逃脱；逃走；泄露；逃避
vt.逃避；泄露
n．逃生
It
was
a
prison
from
which
no
one
escaped.(P38)
那是一座任何人也逃不出去的监狱。
①escape
from＋n.从……中逃脱
escape(doing)sth.逃避(做)某事
②have
a
narrow
escape死里逃生
You
were
lucky
to
escape
being
punished.
你免除了受罚，真幸运。
I
had
left
England
to
escape
from
my
own
fortune.
我离开英国是为了逃避自己的命运。
完成句子
①他今天早上从监狱里逃跑了。
He
________________this
morning.
②没有办法逃避做这项工作。
There
is
no
way
________________.
4.
reward
n．报酬；奖金vt.酬劳；奖赏
They
said
tha
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t
the
job
and
the
pay
from
the
new
South
African
government
were
my
reward
after
working
all
my
life
for
equal
rights
for
the
Blacks.(P38)
他们说，从南非新政府得到的这份工作和薪水是我毕生为争取黑人的平等权利而斗争所得到的回报。
①as
a
reward
for作为对……的报酬/奖赏
in
reward作为报答；作为奖赏
in
reward
for/of＝in
return
for作为对……的报答(奖赏)
②reward
sb.for
(doing)sth.因……奖赏某人
reward
sb.with
sth.用……奖赏(酬谢)某人
He
was
prese
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nted
with
a
television
set
in
reward
of
his
services.他得到一台电视机，作为对他贡献的奖励。
Is
this
how
you
reward
me
for
helping/my
help
你就这样报答我对你的帮助吗？
介词填空
①The
mother
rewarde
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d
her
son
________an
MP4
________his
excellent
study.
②The
government
off
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ered
the
scientist
￥5,000,000
________reward
for
his
great
contributions.
【答案】　①with；for　②in
必考短语
1.
turn
to求助于；致力于；翻到(书的某页，某章)；查阅；转向；变成
Why
did
Nelson
Ma
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ndela
turn
to
violence
to
make
black
and
white
people
equal？(P35)
为什么纳尔逊·曼德拉要借助于暴力来实现黑人与白人的平等？
turn
down关小；拒绝
turn
in上交；上缴
turn
off关掉
turn
up出现，露面；调大
turn
out证明是，结果是；外出
For
some
reason
she
didn't
turn
up.
由于某种原因她没有来。
Turn
off
the
lights
when
you
go
out
of
the
room.
离开房间时关上灯。
Don't
forget
to
turn
down
the
gas
after
an
hour
or
so.
别忘了过一小时左右把煤气关小点儿。
写出下列句中turn
to的含义
①He
was
the
one
I
always
turned
to
for
strength
and
security.________
②If
you
turn
to
page
40，you
will
find
it.________
③More
and
more
people
turn
to
computer
science.________
【答案】　①求助于　②翻到　③转向
2.
I
felt
bad
the_first_time
I
talked
to
a
group.(P38)
第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我的心情很不好。
此句是一个主从复合句。the
first
time引导时间状语从句。此处the
first
time是名词短语用作连词，意为“第一次”。
The
first
time
I
saw
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
you，I
realized
I
seemed
to
have
met
you
somewhere
before.
我第一次见你时，我就意识到我似乎以前见过你。
名词短语作连词，引导时间状语从句的还有：
①every/each
time每次……
the
next
time下次……时
any
time(在)任何时间
the
last
time最后一次……的时候
＝as
soon
as一……就……
You
must
shake
up
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the
medicine
each
time
before
you
take
it.每次服药前你都必须把药摇匀。
The
moment
he
arriv
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed
at
the
hotel，he
telephoned
his
parents.他一到宾馆就给父母打了电话。
选词填空：the
first
time，for
the
first
time
①They
hold
hands
in
public________________.
②The
camera
just
came
apart
________________he
used
it.
【答案】　①for
the
first
time　②the
first
time