人教版高中英语必修一名师精编Unit2 English around the world必考知识点精讲

名师精编：Unit2
必考知识点精讲
1.
base
vt.以……为根据n.基部；基地；基础
【原句回放】It
was
based
more
on
German
than
the
English
we
speak
at
present.(P10)当时的英语更多是以德语为基础，而我们今天说的英语不是。
【常见用法】
base...on/upon把……建立在……的基础上
be
based
on/upon以……为基础/依据
Based
on
a
true
story，the
novel
is
highly
thought
of.
以一个真实的故事为基础，这部小说受到了高度评价。
The
figures
are
based
upon
average
market
prices.
这些数字是基于平均市场价格而得出的。
【对接高考】　
(2012·江苏高考)________
an
important
decision
more
on
emotion
than
on
reason，you
will
regret
it
sooner
or
later.
A．Based
B．Basing
C．Base
D．To
base
【解析】　前后两部分之间没有连词且用逗号连接，因此空格处只能填非谓语动词形式，主语you与base之间为主动关系，动词不定式只能作目的状语，或与only一起表示意外的结果，故空格处应使用现在分词表条件。句意：如果你把重要决定更多地建立在情感而不是理性基础上，你迟早会后悔的。
【答案】　B
2.
command
vt.&
vi.命令；指挥；支配n.命令；指令；掌握
【原句回放】Can
you
find
the
following
command
and
request
from
Reading？(P12)你能从Reading里面找到如下表示命令和请求的句子吗？
【常见用法】
①under
the
command
of/one's
command在……指挥下
take
command
of指挥/控制……
have
a
good
command
of精通
②command
sb.to
do
sth.命令某人做某事
command
that
sb.(should)do
sth.宾语从句要用虚拟语气，should可以省略。
He
has
a
good
command
of
French.他的法文很好。
I
command
that
he
go
at
once.我命令他立即就去。
He
commanded
his
troops
to
attack.他命令部队发起进攻。
句型转换
①He
commanded
that
we
should
take
quick
action
to
stop
it.
→He
commanded
________________take
quick
action
to
stop
it.
②The
general
took
command
of
the
War.
→The
War
was
________________________________the
general.
【答案】　①us
to　②under
the
command
of
3.
request
n.
&
vt.请求，要求
【原句回放】Can
you
find
the
following
command
and
request
from
Reading？(P12)你能从Reading里面找到如下表示命令和请求的句子吗？
【常见用法】
①at
sb.'s
request＝at
the
request
of
sb.应某人之请求
make
a
request
for
sth.要求得到……
make
a
request
that从句　做出请求
②request
sth.from/of
sb.向某人要求某物
request
sb.to
do
sth.要求某人做某事
request＋that从句　从句中谓语用(should＋)do
　I
came
at
your
request.我是应你要求而来的。
I
request
that
he
should
leave.我恳请他离开。
I
request
them
to
stop
making
such
a
noise.
我请求他们别这样吵闹。
完成句子
老师要求同学们不要在草地上走。
③The
teacher
requested
the
students________
____________________.
④The
students
are
requested
________________
____________________.
⑤The
teacher
requested
that
the
students
_______________________________.
【答案】　③not
to
walk
on
the
grass　④not
to
walk
on
the
grass　⑤should
not
walk
on
the
grass
4.
recognize
vt.辨认出，承认，公认
【原句回放】Although
many
Americans
move
a
lot，they
still
recognize
and
understand
each
other's
dialects.(P13)
虽然许多美国人经常搬家，但是他们仍然能够辨别和理解彼此的方言。
【常见用法】
recognize...to
be/as认为……是；把……看作……
recognize
that意识到……
He
recognized
the
painting
as
an
early
work
by
Picasso.
他认出了这幅画是毕加索的早期作品。
I
recognize
that
she
works
harder
than
I
do.
我认识到她比我用功。
完成句子
①We
all
_______________(承认他是)our
leader.
②Even
though
he
has
ever
done
wrong
to
them，they
__________(仍把他看作)their
friend.
【答案】　①recognize
him
to
be　②still
recognize
him
as
必考短语
1.
even
if即使，尽管
【原句回放】Native
English
speakers
can
understand
each
other
even_if
they
don't
speak
the
same
kind
of
English.(P10)以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互理解。
相当于even
though，引导让步状语从句。
Even
if
it
should
rain
tomorrow，they
will
go
for
an
outing.纵使明天下雨，他们也要去游览。
Even
if
we
don't
like
it，we
must
do
it.
即使我们不喜欢，也必须去做。
【对接高考】　
(2012·北京高考)—Look
at
those
clouds!
—Don't
worry.________
it
rains，we'll
still
have
a
great
time.
A．Even
if
B．As
though
C．In
case
D．If
only
【解析】　首先了解四个选项的汉语意思。even
if“即使”，引导让步状语从句；as
though“好像”，引导方式状语从句；in
case“以防，万一”，引导条件状语从句；if
only“要是……就好了”，引导虚拟条件句。由题干中的关键信息Don't
worry.和．..we'll
still
have
a
great
time.可知此处填Even
if“即使”。句意：——看那些乌云！——别担心。即使下雨，我们仍然会玩得很开心。
【答案】　A
完成句子
③He
will
come
tomorrow
________________(即使明天下雨)．
④___________(即使我们很想去看这个戏剧)，we
will
not
have
time
to
do
it.
【答案】　③even
if
it
rains　④Even
if
we
want
to
see
the
play
very
much.
2.come
up走近；上来；提出；破土而出；发芽
【原句回放】I'd
like
to
come
up
to
your
apartment.(P10)
我很乐意到你的公寓去。
【come常见短语】
come
about发生
come
across偶遇
come
on快点儿；加油
come
out发行；透露
come
to(指看法等)被某人想出；总额达到
【提示】　(1)come
up“被提出”，其主语是被提出的内容，主动形式表示被动的意义。
(2)come
up
with“提出”，其主语是提出动作的发出者，后面的宾语是被提出的内容，无被动语态。
介、副词填空
①The
spring
is
coming
and
flowers
are
coming________.
②He
has
just
finished
writing
his
book
and
it
will
come
________
next
month.
③No
one
knows
how
the
accident
came
________
yesterday.
④Come________，the
bus
leaves
in
two
minutes!
⑤The
total
cost
that
they
had
spent
on
their
clothes
this
month
came________
nearly
2,000
yuan.
⑥I
came________an
old
friend
during
my
shopping
in
the
supermarket.
【答案】　①out　②out　③about　④on　⑤to　⑥across
3.
make
use
of利用
【原句回放】So
by
the
1600's
Shakespeare
was
able
to
make
use
of
a
wider
vocabulary
than
ever
before.(P10)所以到17世纪，莎士比亚所用的词汇量比以前任何时期都大。
We
train
them
to
make
use
of
reference
books.
我们训练他们使用参考书。
Make
full
use
of
every
chance
you
have
to
speak
English.要充分利用一切机会说英语。
充分利用
利用
　Time
is
so
precious
that
you
must
make
full
use
of
it.
时间很宝贵，你必须充分利用它。
Waste
material
must
be
made
full
use
of.
废弃材料必须充分利用。
We
should
make
the
best
of
our
opportunities
to
speak
English.我们应该尽量利用机会讲英语。
make
use
of短语的构成特点为：动词＋名词＋介词。
此类短语通常作以下变化：
①把use提前使用被动语态。
②of的宾语提前时句子也用被动语态。
③把use提前用作先行词，其后接定语从句。
本单元的短语play
a
part
in也可作同样变化。
【对接高考】　
(2011·浙江高考)The
school
isn't
the
one
I
really
wanted
to
go
to，but
I
suppose
I'll
just
have
to
________it.
A．make
the
best
of
B．get
away
from
C．keep
an
eye
on
D．catch
up
with
【解析】　选项A意为“充分利用；尽力而为；妥善处理”；选项B意为“避免，摆脱；逃离”；选项C意为“照看；密切注视”；选项D意为“赶上，追上；逮捕”。题干是转折句(逗号后有but)，前半句完整表达“这所学校不是我真正想去的”，后面“但是我将不得不……”应该选表示肯定的、积极的意思“尽力而为或者善用它”。
【答案】　A
4.
believe
it
or
not信不信由你
【原句回放】Believe_it_or_not，there
is
no_such
thing
as
standard
English！(P13)信不信由你，没有什么标准英语。
Believe
it
or
not，it
was
a
hug
that
changed
my
mind.
信不信由你，是一个拥抱改变了我的心情。
类似插入语还有：
to
tell(you)the
truth说实话
to
be
honest说实话
generally
speaking一般说来
To
be
honest，I
don't
think
we
have
a
chance
of
winning.
说实话，我认为我们没有获胜的可能。
To
tell
the
truth，I
don't
agree
to
your
plan.
老实讲，我不同意你的计划。
完成句子
①信不信由你，这个淘气的男孩喜欢读书。
The
naughty
boy
enjoys
reading，________________________________.
②说实话，我不认识他。
________________________________，I
don't
know
him.
③一般说来，学英语很容易。
________________，it
is
easy
to
learn
English.
【答案】　①believe
it
or
not　②To
tell
the
truth