(共95张PPT)
专题五
应用文写作
第二节 掌握六种增分微技能
微技能一 审题增分，10秒定乾坤
英语试卷中，应用文写作是汉字含金量最大的题型。题目里的每个字，甚至每个标点都值得考生仔细揣摩。命题人措辞精炼、惜字如金，几乎没有冗余信息。但心急的考生往往会迅速看完，并急于动笔，导致在审题环节出了问题。这就好比出门前设错了导航，或是没有选择最优路线，很容易偏题。
审题是写作的前提，是写作成功的关键！
10秒审题卡，一眼锁定得分点
1. 画三个圈(3秒)
① 文体：notice/e-mail/letter/poster...
② 话题：volunteer/apology/invitation/suggestion...
③ 身份：Li Hua/the Students' Union/your foreign teacher...
2. 画一条线(2秒)
把题干所有动词用下划线标出——它们就是“必写要点”。例如：
① invite→时间、地点、活动 ② explain→原因 ③ request→需要对方做的事
3. 填一张表(5秒)
提示
话题 根据题目情境，确定写作话题，从而使用恰当的功能性句子
格式 根据写作任务，确定文章的格式
内容 根据题中所给信息和具体要点进行构思
语言 根据题目情境，确定文章的时态、人称和合适的语气
真题示例
(2025新高考Ⅰ卷)假定你是李华，你班的英语报要增设一个栏目。外教Jenny提出“Fun at My School”和“Guess Who I Am”两个选项供大家选择。请给Jenny写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 你的选择； 2. 说明理由。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
审题增分
话题 告知外教我的栏目选择
格式 三段式作文
内容 第一段：事由及我的选择
第二段：选择的理由
第三段：表达期望
语言 时态：一般现在时为主 人称：第一人称
语气：外教属于长辈，语气应尊敬、礼貌和热情，但又要不卑不亢
Dear Jenny，
I really like the idea of adding a new column to our English newspaper. I prefer “Guess Who I Am” to “Fun at My School” for the following reasons.
First, it will function as an engaging interactive game. Participants will write distinctive personal descriptions for others to guess who is being described, which will effectively boost the newspaper's appeal. Second, by describing our classmates' unique hobbies, talents or unforgettable moments through riddles, it creates opportunities to gain deeper insights into their personalities and interests. Best of all, it sharpens our English writing and communication skills by encouraging us to express ourselves with clarity and creativity. Unlike “Fun at My School”， it promises endless delight while helping us develop our language skills.
范文赏析
I'm confident this column will prove to be both entertaining and rewarding for everyone.
Yours，
Li Hua
1. 词汇与短语
① 高级词汇：engaging、distinctive、boost、sharpen、clarity、insights、entertaining等
② 增分短语：prefer... to...、function as、gain deeper insights into等
2. 高级表达
定语从句：which will effectively boost the newspaper's appeal；
状语从句：while helping us develop our language skills。
3. 内容思想性
深入了解同龄人的个性和兴趣，用创造性的方式表达自己。
微技能二 结构增分，三段保完整
应用文写作涉及的类型较多，如书信/邮件、通知、报道、投稿、演讲稿和倡议书等。其中书信又可细分为建议信、道歉信、推荐信、邀请信、感谢信、祝贺信、申请信、投诉信、询问信、求助信、告知信等。我们既要熟悉各种文体的特点和写作方法，还要善于发现它们之间的共性和关联性。
一、 三段式结构框架
首段：直接点明目的。
I am writing to extend my heartfelt thanks for your guidance during the robot competition.
Learning that you..., I am writing to give you some suggestions/offer you some advice.
I'm more than delighted to invite you to join in...to be held from...to...in...
中段：分层展开内容，使用连接词强化逻辑过渡。
时间顺序：First, we'll gather at the museum entrance; then, a professional guide will lead us through the exhibition.
因果关系：The activity was postponed due to the heavy rain, so please check the updated schedule.
解释说明：As a matter of fact, the introduction of high-speed trains has dramatically shortened travel time, making intercity travel faster and more comfortable.
列举事例：In addition, all kinds of English activities will be held regularly, such as English Speech Competition, English Debate Contest and so on.
活动意义：This hiking trip not only allows us to enjoy the natural beauty but also strengthens our teamwork spirit.
要点总结：In short, China's transport system is eagerly embracing innovation and eco-friendliness.
尾段：礼貌收尾并表达期待。
Looking forward to your participation. Your early reply would be highly appreciated.
常用衔接词总结
段落起始 generally speaking、to begin/start with、first of all、in the first place、as we know、as is known to all、as is shown in...等
结尾总结 to sum up、in conclusion、in a word、in summary、all in all等
表示顺序 firstly、secondly、thirdly、(soon) afterwards、meanwhile、finally、at first、in the beginning、subsequently、at last、in the end、eventually等
表示空间 on one side...on the other side、on the opposite side、in front of、in the distance、in the middle of、at the back of、on the left、close to、next to、nearby、beyond等
解释说明 in fact、as a matter of fact、in other words、namely、to put it differently等
表示因果 considering that、owing to、due to、because (of)、therefore、as a result、consequently、thus、so等
表示强调 definitely、absolutely、certainly、indeed、above all、to tell (you) the truth等
递进或补充 in addition、furthermore、also、moreover、what's more、besides、to make matters worse、worse still、more/most importantly、last but not least、additionally等
举例或列举 for example、for instance、such as等
让步或转折 even if/though、but、however、although、though、yet等
比较或对比 unlike、in the same way、similarly、in contrast、whereas、instead、instead of、while等
表达观点 personally (speaking)、from my perspective/point of view、in my opinion/view、I'm fully convinced that...、as I see it、as far as I'm concerned等
二、 结构化话题词块
应用文常见话题表达有一些共用的词块，学习中要善于积累和归纳整理，以便在写作中熟练运用，快速答题。例如，推荐信、申请信和演讲稿的主体段介绍人物个人优势(personal advantages)时，可以从技能/能力(skills/abilities)、相关经历(related experiences)和积极向上的性格(positive personalities)等方面展开表达，对应词块如下：
技能或能力：have a good command of、acquire a sound knowledge of、be well acquainted with、be good/skilled at、do well in等。
经历或经验：win first prize、receive a good many awards in speech contests; have rich experience in、be experienced in、be equipped with adequate relevant experience、have more than... years of practical experience等。
性格或品质：hard-working、be committed/devoted to、warm-hearted、enthusiastic、outgoing、easy-going、organized、creative、energetic等。
微技能三 语言增分，地道又优美
应用文写作评分标准第五档的要求中提到：应尽力使用较复杂语法结构和较高级词汇。它们就像一颗颗耀眼的明珠，使语言表达精准优美、流畅自然，为作文增光添彩。
一、 亮化词汇三原则
■原则1 求新求变
如果表达同样的意义，应根据语境尽量使用最新学过的高级词汇；如果同样的意义重复出现，应尽量使用不同的表达方式。
With the wide spread of the Internet, more and more people become online learners.
→With the wide spread of the Internet, an increasing number of people become online learners.
■原则2 求准求精
写作时，不一定每一句都要使用高级句式，有时准确使用一个单词或短语也会让整个句子增色不少。
The World Oceans Day was set up to raise people's awareness of protecting the oceans, which played an important part in global ecosystem.
→The World Oceans Day was set up to raise people's awareness of protecting the oceans, which played a significant/crucial part in global ecosystem.
■原则3 短语优先
恰当使用短语代替单词，不但可以增加词数，还有助于行文流畅，增分提档。
However, from my point of view, what benefits students most is reading English books, for it can help students understand English better.
→However, from my point of view, what benefits students most is reading English books, for it can help students gain a deeper understanding of/gain a deeper insight into English.
二、 美化句式五窍门
复杂结构的运用，如强调句、倒装句、名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句及含有非谓语动词的高级句式，能彰显考生对英语语言文字的驾驭能力。掌握以下五个窍门，可以使句式表达：高级但不造作，多变但不离谱，复杂但不晦涩。
■窍门1 三大从句巧运用
(1) 定语从句
句式 例句
as the old saying goes(俗话说)、as is known to us all(众所周知) As is known to us all, trees are very important not only to the environment but also to human beings.
众所周知，树木不仅对环境很重要，而且对人类也很重要。
句式 例句
which/who/that/whose/when/where等引导的定语从句 Besides, I have taken a part-time job as an English editor, from which I have gained valuable practical experience.
此外，我还做过兼职英语编辑，从中我获得了宝贵的实践经验。
(2) 状语从句
句式 例句
as/when/while引导的时间状语从句 Love our parents while there are opportunities!
趁还有机会，爱我们的父母吧！
such/so...that.../so that引导的状语从句 Last week, a sports meeting was held by our school in the stadium, which was so exciting that it impressed me deeply.
上周，我们学校在体育馆举行了一场运动会，非常激动人心，给我留下了深刻的印象。
(3) 名词性从句
句式 例句
what引导的主语从句＋be＋n./that... What we should remember is that we human beings can't live without wildlife, because they play a significant role in keeping the balance of nature.
我们应该记住的是，没有野生动物，我们人类就不能生存，因为它们在保持自然平衡方面发挥着重要作用。
It is＋adj./n. that... It's necessary that we should raise children's labour consciousness and involve them in a variety of housework.
我们有必要提高孩子们的劳动意识，让他们参与各种各样的家务劳动。
句式 例句
I hold the firm belief that...
我坚信……
There is no doubt that...
毫无疑问……
There is no denying that...
不可否认…… I hold the firm belief that hard work creates miracles, and strength comes from unity.
我坚信努力创造奇迹，团结就是力量。
There is no denying that we can make a positive difference to the marine environment with joint efforts.
不可否认，我们可以通过共同努力对海洋环境作出积极贡献。
I do hope that...
我真的希望…… I do hope that these tips will be helpful to you and I wish you the best of luck in the competition.
我真的希望这些建议能对你有所帮助，祝你在比赛中好运。
■窍门2 非谓语形式更吸睛
句式 例句
knowing/representing/hearing... 知道/代表/听说…… Representing the English programme of our school's radio station, I'm writing to invite you to give a lecture on Western literature.
我代表学校广播站英语节目写信邀请您讲授西方文学。
aiming to... 为了…… Aiming to make our school more attractive and create a better environment, the Students' Union organized the activity “Green School, We Are in Action”．
为了让我们的学校更有吸引力，创造一个更好的环境，学生会组织了“绿色校园，我们在行动”这一活动。
句式 例句
absorbed in... 专心于……
faced with... 面对…… Absorbed in ice and snow events for days, I've fallen in love with skiing and keep practising it whenever possible.
沉浸在冰雪活动中好多天了，我已经爱上了滑雪，并且一有机会就坚持练习。
■窍门3 特殊句型更出彩
句式 例句
强调句 It is/was＋被强调成分＋that＋... It is with advanced technologies like satellites that more space explorations are being carried out in modern times.
在现代社会，正是利用卫星等先进技术才能进行更多的太空探索。
主语＋助动词do/does/did＋动词原形＋... I do believe that only with joint efforts can we have a better tomorrow.
我相信，只有大家共同努力，我们才能拥有更美好的明天。
句式 例句
倒装句 “only＋副词/介词短语/when/if引导的状语从句”位于句首时，用部分倒装 Only in this way can the Internet be a place of discovery, wonder and inspiration for everyone.
唯有如此，因特网才能成为每个人的发现之地、奇妙之所、灵感之源。
So＋adj./adv.＋情态动词/be动词/助动词＋主语＋谓语＋其他＋that... So patiently did their father guide them that the twins made the breakfast fast and well.
父亲如此耐心地指导，因此双胞胎把早餐做得又快又好。
Not only＋助动词/情态动词/系动词＋主语＋谓语＋其他，but (also)＋陈述句＋其他 Not only have we developed a genuine friendship, but we have also broadened our horizons and raised our cultural awareness.
我们不仅建立了真正的友谊，而且还开阔了视野，提高了文化意识。
句式 例句
感叹句 what引导的感叹句，中心词是名词 What a wonderful time we had picking apples on the farm!
我们在农场采摘苹果的时光多么美好啊！
how引导的感叹句，中心词是形容词或副词 How happy I was to be one of the members in your team!
我多么高兴能成为团队中的一员啊！
■窍门4 with结构要用好
句式 例句
with＋宾语＋to do(将来的动作)，主句 With the theme-based class meeting to be held, I'm writing to ask you for some advice on it.
主题班会要开了，我写信征求您的建议。
with＋宾语＋doing(主动或进行)，主句 With our exchange programme coming to an end, I want to express our sincere gratitude to you for your kindness and generosity.
在我们的交流项目即将结束之际，我想对您的友好和慷慨表示衷心的感谢。
with＋宾语＋done(被动或完成)，主句 With her eyes fixed on the floor, Liya came over and apologized in a low voice, “You mean a lot to us.”
莉亚眼睛盯着地板，走了过来，低声道歉：“你对我们很重要。”
■窍门5 被动语态露露面
典例1 Because we will present this activity on the English website, I would appreciate it if you could offer me some advice.
→Because this activity will be presented on the English website, I would appreciate it if you could offer me some advice.
因为我们将在英文网站上展示这项活动，如果您能给我一些建议，我将非常感激。
典例2 We need to polish the vocabulary and grammar of the plot, and we also need your guidance on our performance.
→The vocabulary and grammar of the plot need to be polished, and we also need your guidance on our performance.
剧情的词汇和语法需要调整，我们还需要您对我们的表演进行指导。
【即时微练】
Ⅰ. 词汇升级(用适当的词或短语替换画线部分)
1. A recent survey suggests that most students interviewed tend to learn English by listening to English songs. _____________
2. In order to build up the cultural confidence of us students and make us know cultural heritage protection, our school will play a documentary named The Forbidden City 100, which is about valuable treasures and stories behind them. _________________
___
3. I believe that all my efforts are bound to pay off. _________________
a majority of
raise our awareness
of
am convinced that
4. It'll be a thirty-minute ride. Upon arrival, we'll first visit a farm, where we can feed chickens and pick strawberries. ______________________
5. If given the precious opportunity, I will try to present the charm of Chinese culture. _______________
6. Professor Green is a productive poet, whose works are very popular. ___________
__________
7. Most importantly, being outgoing and enthusiastic, I like being a volunteer and providing service. ___________
8. I'd appreciate it/be grateful if you could let me know when you are free in advance. _________
pay a visit to/drop in at
spare no effort
enjoy great
popularity
am keen on
available
Ⅱ. 句式升级(根据提示改写句子)
1. You must submit your paintings to Students' Union before November 10.
→_________________________________ Students' Union before November 10.(被动句)
2. We can improve our efficiency and make our school life meaningful only in this way..
→_________________________________ our efficiency and make our school life meaningful.(倒装句)
Your paintings must be submitted to
Only in this way can we improve
3. Through this activity, we not only realized the value of labour, but we also learned to respect all labourers.
→Through this activity, _______________________________________, but we also learned to respect all labourers.(倒装句)
4. I wasn't aware of the importance of teamwork until I was chosen monitor.
→Not until I was chosen monitor ______________________________________.(倒装句)
→It _____________________________________ I was aware of the importance of teamwork.(强调句)
not only did we realize the value of labour
was I aware of the importance of teamwork
was not until I was chosen monitor that
5. The activity was so meaningful that everyone was eager to have another chance.
→So _____________________________ everyone was eager to have another chance.
(倒装句)
6. Although I was tired and sweaty, I found this trip rewarding.
→____________________________, I found this trip rewarding. (倒装句)
7. Good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude are of equal importance.
→___________________________________________________________________________.(倒装句)
meaningful was the activity that
Tired and sweaty though I was
Of equal importance are good study habits, useful skills and a positive
attitude
8. I should appreciate their selfless and unconditional love.
→_______________________________________ I should appreciate.(强调句)
9. Because of your help and instructions, I made much progress in both my spoken English and written English and it gave me much confidence.
→Because of your help and instructions, I made much progress in both my spoken English and written English, _______________________________.(定语从句)
It is their selfless and unconditional love that
which gave me much confidence
10. Everyone agrees that protecting the marine ecological environment is the focus of attention.
→No one can deny ____________________________________________________
is the focus of attention.(同位语从句)
the fact that protecting the marine ecological environment
微技能四 功能增分，表达合情境
功能表达句式是应用文写作的“万能钥匙”。它们精准锁定交际目的，让邀请、道歉、建议等意图一目了然，从而确保写作任务完成；同时，其正式或委婉的固定表达可体现语言得体性，契合具体情境与评分标准。
作为段落骨架，功能表达句式通过因果、过渡、列举等逻辑句式构建清晰框架，使文章层次分明；同时，多样化且地道的表达又能丰富语言并提升其准确性。
一、 开头句式(开门见山，表明写信目的)
I am writing to invite you to... (邀请)
I am writing to express my sincere gratitude/appreciation for... (感谢)
I am writing to apologize for... (道歉)
I am writing to apply for... (申请)
I am writing to inquire about... (咨询)
I am writing to make a suggestion regarding... (建议)
I am writing to inform you that... (通知)
On behalf of..., I am writing to... (我代表……写信是为了……)
I am Li Hua, a student from Class 1, Senior 3. I am writing to... (我是李华，高三1班的学生。我写信是为了……)
In response to your..., I am writing to... (就您/贵方的……我写信是为了……)
With reference to..., I would like to... (关于……我想……)
You asked for advice on... Here are some suggestions. (您就……征求建议。以下是一些建议。)
二、 结尾句式(总结要点，表达期待，礼貌收尾)
Thank you for your time and consideration. (感谢您的时间和考虑。)
I look forward to hearing from you soon/at your earliest convenience. (期待早日收到您的回复。)
I would appreciate it if you could reply at your earliest convenience. (如蒙早日回复，将不胜感激。)
I hope my suggestions will be helpful. (希望我的建议能有所帮助。)
Once again, please accept my sincere apologies for any inconvenience caused. (再次为给您带来的任何不便表示诚挚的歉意。)
I sincerely hope that my application will be favourably considered. (衷心希望我的申请能得到您的积极考量。)
Your prompt attention to this matter would be highly appreciated. (如能及时处理此事，将不胜感激。)
We would be honoured by your presence. (如您能出席，我们将深感荣幸。)
Wishing you all the best./Best wishes. (祝一切顺利。/致以最美好的祝愿。)
I am available for an interview at your convenience. (我随时可以参加面试。)
三、 表达原因/理由(解释行为、建议或情况的背景和动机)
The primary reason is that... (主要原因是……)
This is mainly because.../... mainly because... (这主要是因为……)
due to... (由于……) —后接名词/名词短语
because of... (因为……) —后接名词/名词短语
since/as... (因为/由于……) —后接句子
Owing to... (由于……)
On account of... (由于……)
Therefore, .../Thus, .../Hence, .../Consequently, ... (因此……)
As a result, .../As a consequence, ... (结果……)
四、 表达建议(提出解决方案或改进措施，委婉礼貌)
I would like to suggest that... (我建议……)
I strongly recommend that... (我强烈建议……) —语气较强
It might be a good idea to... (……可能是个好主意。)
Why not...？(为什么不……呢？) —较口语化，需看对象
How about...？/What about... (……怎么样？) —较口语化
You could consider... (您可以考虑……)
It would be beneficial/helpful if... (如果……将会很有益/有帮助。)
I believe it would be advisable to... (我认为……是明智的。)
五、 表达感谢(表达谢意，真诚具体)
I truly appreciate your kindness/generosity/help/support in... (我真的很感谢您在……方面的善意/慷慨/帮助/支持。)
I am extremely grateful for... (我对……深表感激。)
It was very kind/thoughtful of you to... (您……真是太好了/考虑得太周到了。)
Words cannot express how grateful I am for... (言语无法表达我对……的感激之情。)
My heartfelt thanks go to you for... (我衷心感谢您……)
六、 表达道歉(承认错误，请求谅解，提出补救)
I am writing to sincerely apologize for... (我写信是为了就……向您诚挚道歉。)
Please accept my deepest apologies for... (请接受我对……的深深歉意。)
I am terribly/awfully sorry for... (对于……我感到非常抱歉。)
I regret to inform you that... (我很遗憾地通知您……)
This was entirely my fault. (这完全是我的错。)
I understand this has caused you inconvenience, and I am truly sorry. (我知道这给您带来了不便，我真的很抱歉。)
To make up for it, I would like to... (为了弥补，我想……)
I assure you that this will not happen again. (我向您保证这种情况不会再发生。)
七、 表达邀请(清晰告知活动信息，表达期待)
It is with great pleasure that I invite you to... (我非常荣幸地邀请您参加……)
We would be delighted/honoured if you could join us for... (如果您能来参加．..，我们将非常高兴/荣幸。)
I was wondering if you would like to come to... (不知您是否愿意来参加……？)
Please let me know if you are available/able to come. (请告知我您是否能来。)
We do hope you can make it. (我们真心希望您能出席。)
八、 表达提供帮助(热情真诚，礼貌得体)
If there is anything I can do to help, please do not hesitate to let me know. (如果有什么我能帮忙的，请尽管告诉我。)
I would be more than happy/glad to assist you with... (我非常乐意协助您……)
Please don't hesitate to contact me if you need any further information/assistance. (如果您需要任何进一步的信息/帮助，请随时联系我。)
Let me know if you need a hand with... (如果您在……方面需要帮忙，请告诉我。)
九、 表达希望/祝愿
I do hope that... (我真的希望……)/I sincerely hope... (我衷心希望……)/Hopefully, ... (希望……)/It is my sincere hope that... (我真诚地希望……)
I wish... (我祝愿……)/May you... (愿您……)
十、 过渡与衔接(连接句子和段落，使文章流畅自然)
递进：furthermore/moreover/additionally/in addition/what's more/besides...
转折让步：however/nevertheless/on the other hand/in contrast/although/despite...
因果：therefore/thus/hence/consequently/as a result/because of this...
举例：for example/for instance/such as/take... as an example...
强调：indeed/in fact/particularly/especially...
总结：in conclusion/to sum up/in summary/overall...
顺序：firstly/secondly/thirdly/finally/next/then/after that...
1. 使用功能句式前要仔细审题，先定文体、对象与目的，再选择得体的句式；
2. 写作时需核对语法搭配，确保零错误；
3. 熟记框架后可灵活换词，如“I am writing to...”可根据具体任务调整表述；
4. 段落间应交替使用请求、建议、感谢等多样表达，避免行文单调；
5. 以功能句作为“骨架”，再用具体要点与细节填充内容，实现“骨架”与“血肉”的融合。
使用建议
微技能五 细节增分，精准又得体
高分作文往往在细节上体现“精准与得体”：例如，给校长写建议信时用“Could we consider...？”(委婉语气)而非“You should...”(命令语气)；描述活动意义时用“enhance our teamwork”(精准短语)而非“make us work together better”(口语化表达)。这些细节直接体现考生对写作的驾驭能力，是高分的关键所在。
一、 使用具体词汇，摒弃笼统表达
笼统词具有较强的概括性，考生相对熟悉，但具体词能形象地描述事物或反映细腻的感彩变化，使表达更出彩。
意义 笼统词 具体词
好 good brilliant 绝妙的 fantastic 极好的 impressive 令人赞叹的 awesome 令人惊叹的 splendid 壮丽的 breathtaking 惊人的 remarkable/extraordinary 非凡的
重要 important fundamental 根本的 crucial/vital/essential 至关重要的
primary 最重要的 significant 有重大意义的
困难 difficult complicated/complex 复杂的 challenging 挑战性的
puzzling 令人迷惑不解的
意义 笼统词 具体词
很 very absolutely/extremely 极其 awfully/badly/especially/highly/terribly 非常
有 have enjoy 享有 hold 持有，怀有 possess/own 拥有 be in possession of 拥有
给 give award 授予 contribute/donate 捐赠 offer 主动提供 provide 提供 supply 供给
看 see/look examine (仔细地)检查 glance 瞥一眼 notice 注意到 observe 观察 stare 凝视 spot 发现 browse 浏览 witness 目击 catch sight of 看见 check out 察看 look around 环顾 look through 浏览
意义 笼统词 具体词
喜欢 like/love/
enjoy admire 欣赏 appreciate 赏识 cherish 珍爱 prefer 更喜欢 treasure 珍视，珍爱 be crazy/mad about 对……着迷
be enthusiastic about 热衷于 be passionate about 酷爱
have a taste for 喜好…… show an interest in 对……表现出兴趣
【增分示例】
1. It's a good way to get your blood flowing and refresh your body and mind.
→It's a quick and easy way to get your blood flowing and refresh your body and mind.
2. This kind of exercise promotes a healthy and active lifestyle, which is important for overall well-being.
→This kind of exercise promotes a healthy and active lifestyle, which is essential for overall well-being.
3. As a history lover, many great historic figures are engraved in my mind.
→As a history lover, many influential historic figures are engraved in my mind.
4. In conclusion, we should find a way to study online better.
→In conclusion, we should find a way to study online more efficiently.
5. I am very sorry to know that you didn't make it to the final of the competition.
→I am awfully sorry to know that you didn't make it to the final of the competition.
二、 使用高级表达，提高作文档次
■类型1 学校生活
意义 普通表达 升级表达
能够做某事 can do sth. be capable of doing sth.、be able/competent/qualified to do sth.
努力做某事 try to do sth. spare no effort to do sth.、strive/struggle to do sth.、go to great lengths to do sth.
试图做某事 try doing sth. attempt/seek to do sth.、make an attempt to do sth.
参加 join (in)、take part in participate in、get involved in、attend、engage in
想做某事 want to do sth. can't wait to do sth.、desire/long to do sth.、be eager/anxious to do sth.
意义 普通表达 升级表达
专注于 focus on concentrate on、be absorbed in、be immersed in
帮助某人 help sb. do sb. a favour、lend/give sb. a hand、come to sb.'s assistance
忙于 be busy with be occupied with、be engaged in
即将来临 be coming be around the corner、be approaching、be drawing near
利用，使用 use make (full) use of、take advantage of、make the best of、adopt
■类型2 动作行为
意义 普通表达 升级表达
记住 remember keep/bear in mind that...、be engraved in one's mind/heart/memory
面对，面临 face be faced with、meet with、encounter
意识到 know、realize recognize、be aware of/that...、be conscious of/that...、come to realize
重视 value place a great value on、take sth. seriously、make much of、be much concerned about、attach great importance/significance to、give priority to
意义 普通表达 升级表达
建议 suggest/advise that... put forward the suggestion that...、recommend that...
吸引某人 attract sb. appeal to sb.、hold great appeal for sb.、draw sb.
相信/确信 believe that.../
be sure that... hold the firm belief that...、be convinced that...
影响 affect have an effect/influence/impact on、play a role in、make a difference (to/in)、carry weight with
造成，导致 cause contribute to、lead to、result in、bring about
照顾 look after tend (to)、attend to
■类型3 修饰形容
意义 普通表达 升级表达
各种各样的 different kinds of a wide range of、a variety of、various、all sorts of
大量的，
很多的 a large number of、
a lot of a considerable number of、an overwhelming majority of、large quantities of、scores of、dozens of、numerous
对……有益 be useful to/for、
be good for be of great benefit to、do good to、be beneficial/favourable to
由……组成 be made up of consist of、be composed/comprised of
疲惫不堪 tired be worn out、feel exhausted
意义 普通表达 升级表达
立即 immediately instantly、promptly、at once、right away、without hesitation/delay
擅长 be good at be skilled at/in、have a gift for、have a good command of、be expert at/in、excel in/at
准时 on time on schedule、punctually
■类型4 陈述事实
意义 普通表达 升级表达
大家公认…… People think that... It's generally acknowledged/accepted/believed that...
谈及 talk of/about、mention refer to、speak of、make reference to
显然 clearly apparently、obviously
应该 should be supposed to、ought to、It is high time that sb. did sth.
关于 about in/with regard to、in terms of、as for、in/with reference to、regarding、concerning、when it comes to
意义 普通表达 升级表达
有时 sometimes occasionally、once in a while、from time to time
不得不做 have to do have no choice/alternative but to do
仅仅 only、just no more than、merely、simply
引起人们关注 attract people's attention arouse/draw people's concern
越来越多的 more and more an increasing number of、a growing number of
我担心…… I'm worried that... What makes me worried is that...、It worries me that...
意义 普通表达 升级表达
很重要 be very important be of great/vital importance/significance
应采取有效措施解决这个问题 should take effective measures
to solve the problem effective measures ought to be taken to deal/cope with the problem
受欢迎 be popular among/with enjoy/win/gain wide popularity among/with
忽视 ignore fail to take...into account/consideration、turn a blind eye to
因为 because (of) on account of、in that、since、seeing that、as、on the grounds that...、owing to、due to
与……有关的 be related to be associated/connected with、have something to do with
【增分示例】
1. I would appreciate it if you could consider my suggestion.
→I would appreciate it if you could take my suggestion into account/consideration.
2. Initially, on watching the Winter Olympic Games in Beijing, I began to love skating.
→Initially, on watching the Winter Olympic Games in Beijing, I became enthusiastic about skating.
3. And eventually, we can master what we desire to learn.
→And eventually, we can have a good command of what we desire to learn.
4. Firstly, randomly pairing up students may cause imbalanced language abilities within the groups.
→Firstly, randomly pairing up students may lead to/result in imbalanced language abilities within the groups.
三、 丰富要点内容，升级表达
将抽象的要点关键词(如时间、地点、原因、建议等)转化为具体内容需遵循3D原则，即：
Detail(细节化)＋Depth(深度化)＋Distinction(区分度)。
1. 事实描述类(活动报道/通知)
描述活动时间、地点和参与对象
【普通写法】
→The activity will be held on July 10th in the school hall.
【增分扩写】(加入3D原则)
→The annual English Drama Festival, aimed at fostering creativity, is scheduled to take place from 2：00 p.m. to 5：00 p.m. on July 10th (Wednesday). All students from Grade 10—12 are encouraged to gather in the multi-functional hall (Building 3, Floor 2) where vibrant performances and interactive sessions await.
1
—活动性质(annual)
—具体时段(2：00—5：00 p.m.)
—精准位置(Building 3, Floor 2)
—参与对象范围(Grade 10—12)
—附加价值(foster creativity)
—亮点预告(vibrant performances and interactive sessions)
增分点
2. 原因解释类(建议/申请/投诉信)
说明建议的理由
【普通写法】
→We suggest adding more books because students need them.
【增分扩写】(因果链深化)
→To address the growing demand for diverse academic resources, we propose expanding the library's collection of science journals. A recent survey reveals that 78% of students struggle to access up-to-date research materials, which directly impacts their project quality and exam preparation.
2
—背景依据(a recent survey)
—数据支撑(78% of students)
—具体需求(science journals)
—后果关联(impact their project quality and exam preparation)
增分点
3. 解决方案类(建议/投诉信)
提出改进建议
【普通写法】
→Hope you can fix the lights.
【增分扩写】(具体步骤＋预期效果)
→To resolve the lighting issue in Classroom 203, we recommend：
1. Immediate replacement of flickering bulbs by the maintenance team；
2. Monthly electrical safety inspections to prevent recurrence；
3. Installing energy-efficient LED panels during summer break.
These measures will not only ensure a safer learning environment but also reduce long-term energy costs by 30%.
3
—分级建议(3条具体措施)
—责任主体(the maintenance team)
—时间规划(during summer break)
—量化收益(reduce long-term energy costs by 30%)
增分点
4. 情感表达类(感谢/道歉/邀请信)
表达感谢
【普通写法】
→Thank you for your help.
【增分扩写】(细节事件＋情感影响)
→I am writing to express my deepest gratitude for your patient guidance during the research project last month. Your expertise in data analysis was crucial when I encountered obstacles in interpreting survey results, which not only salvaged(挽救) my project but ignited my passion for statistics.
4
—具体事件(data analysis guidance)
—困境细节(interpret survey results)
—个人成长(ignite passion)
—双重价值(salvage project＋ignite passion)
增分点
5. 号召行动类(演讲稿/倡议书)
呼吁参与环保
【普通写法】
→Let's protect the environment together!
【增分扩写】(具体行动＋意义升华)
→Join our “Zero Waste Campus” campaign this Friday by：
Bringing reusable containers for lunch；
Donating unused textbooks to recycling stations；
Taking part in the old-item upcycling workshop.
Every small action makes a difference to our environment, and every small step we take paves the way for a brighter and greener tomorrow.
5
—可操作步骤(3项具体行为)
—时间锚点(this Friday)
—具体措施(bring reusable containers, donate unused textbooks, take part in the old-item upcycling workshop)
增分点
1. 高考应用文不是“翻译要点”，而是“用细节构建可信的交际场景”。阅卷人最珍视的，永远是那些真实、具体、有思考痕迹的内容。
2. 写作完成后快速核查：
Detail(细节性)：每个要点是否包含至少1个具体名词/数字/实例？
× improve facilities→√ add 10 computers to Lab 2
Depth(深度性)：是否解释“为什么/怎么做/有何影响”？
× This is important.→√ This policy enhances fairness by giving equal opportunities.
Distinction(区分度)：内容是否避免模板化，体现情境独特性？
× I'm sorry for any inconvenience.→√ I sincerely apologize for the technical error that delayed your online order 2025XYZ.
终极增分心法
微技能六 卷面增分，一眼见钟情
卷面是阅卷老师对你的“第一印象分”。高考英语作文扫描后，字迹会变得有些模糊。这种情况下，涂改杂乱会让考官在几秒内把评分直接降档；而书写美观、字母清晰，且大小写、标点规范的卷面，则像“高清画质”，让语言亮点瞬间被捕捉。
研究显示：卷面整洁且书写美观的作文，平均比内容相近的同类作文高1—2分。因此，卷面不仅是“门面”，更是“隐形评分项”，直接影响内容、语言、结构三项得分的最终呈现。
Dear Jenny，
I really like the idea of adding a new column to our English newspaper. I prefer “Guess Who I Am” to “Fun at My School” for the following reasons.
First, it will function as an engaging interactive game. Participants will write distinctive personal descriptions for others to guess who is being described, which will effectively boost the newspaper's appeal. Second, by describing our classmates' unique hobbies, talents or unforgettable moments through riddles, it creates opportunities to gain deeper insights into their personalities and interests. Best of all, it sharpens our English writing and communication skills by encouraging us to express ourselves with clarity and creativity. Unlike “Fun at My School”， it promises endless delight while helping us develop our language skills.
I'm confident this column will prove to be both entertaining and rewarding for everyone.
Yours，
Li Hua
[请书写上面的范文]
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Dear Chris，
I hope this e-mail finds you well. I'm writing to follow up on the article about Canadian sports that you generously agreed to contribute to our school magazine.
With the submission deadline of June 20th fast approaching, I was wondering if you could share a progress update. If you've already started working on it, I'd be delighted to hear about some of the key points you'll be covering. Should you still be at the planning stage, please let this serve as a gentle reminder of the timeline. Please don't hesitate to let me know if you encounter any difficulties.
I look forward to hearing about your progress and thank you again for your valuable contribution.
Yours，
Li Hua
[请书写上面的范文]
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(共10张PPT)
专题五
应用文写作
第一节 应对三大命题新趋势
应用文写作以新课标核心素养为命题宗旨，以新高考评价体系为命题依据，以真实情境为考查载体，以解决问题为考查导向，主要测试学生在实际生活情景下运用英语传达信息、表达观点和解决问题的能力。文体可以是书信(邮件)、报道、投稿、通知、发言(演讲)稿、日记、倡议书、海报等。话题主要围绕学生熟悉的生活与学习的方方面面。命题形式多为文字提示，写作词数为80左右，满分15分。
真题回眸
命题趋势
1. 考查形式更加灵活多变
命题形式以开放型为主，给出简明的背景信息和写作内容要求，让学生有更大的自由发挥空间。从近几年真题来看，命题者刻意规避模板化表达，答案没有标准模板，但缺乏逻辑支撑的泛泛而谈会明显失分。
2. 对高阶思维能力的考查力度明显增强
这一命题趋势既保障了对基础写作能力的考查，又为优秀学生提供了展示思维深度的空间，实质上是在推动学生从被动应答转向主动构建观点，而这正是新课标所强调的“将语言作为思维工具”理念的具体实践。
3. 考查主题更加贴近学生的学习与生活
“学校体育赛事、邀请外教参与访谈节目、外教口语训练、分享课堂经历、班级英文报栏目”等话题对学生而言更具有亲切感，更利于学生下笔答题。这一趋势会继续下去，此外，中国传统文化也是今后考查的热点主题之一。
真题体现
以2025年新高考Ⅰ卷的应用文写作为例，具体分析以上命题趋势在高考真题中的体现。
情境信息：你班的英语报要增设一个栏目。外教Jenny提出“Fun at my school”和“Guess who I am”两个选项供大家选择。
写作内容：请给Jenny写一封邮件，内容包括：(1) 你的选择；(2) 说明理由。
1. 从思维能力来看：本题考查学生的思辨能力，对批判性思维和逻辑思维能力提出了较高要求。这类文章切忌内容“假大空”，需要用充足且具体的理由支撑观点，同时应尽可能在词汇运用方面增加亮点，以突显自身的语言能力。
2. 从写作难度来看：选择“Fun at my school”这个栏目可能更易下笔，因此大部分学生会倾向于这一选择。写作时，核心要点需围绕“fun”展开，可以写学习和生活中的各种趣事；如果选择第二个栏目“Guess who I am”，这对考生在考场上的思维应变能力要求较高，部分考生可能一时之间想不到合适的切入角度。事实上，对于第二个栏目，我们可以考虑从“个人”和“名人”两个维度切入。从“个人”角度，可以聚焦同学之间的好人好事，体现学习和生活中每个人身上独特的闪光点；从“名人”角度，则可结合某名人事迹或其名言进行创作，引导读者通过内容猜测人物身份，进而加深对历史的认知或者家国情怀的感悟。
总之，新高考倡导学生从知识的被动接受者转变为问题的主动探索者和解决者，鼓励学生表达个性、展示创新思维能力，而不是拘泥于固化的模板化表达。
命题分析
