(共52张PPT)
专题一
语法填空
攻坚克难1 有效迁移，破解词性转换
真题回溯
情境填空
在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式
1. (2025新高考Ⅰ卷)“You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your ‘__________(guide)’ till they lose，” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition.
【解析】 guidance 考查名词。句意：你试图引导对手进入你的陷阱，迫使他们跟随你的“引导”，直到他们输掉。此处作follow的宾语，要用名词。故填guidance。
guidance
2. (2025新高考Ⅱ卷)The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the ________(absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky afternoons with lots of fresh air.
【解析】 absence 考查名词。句意：我住的地方，晒干的衣服闻起来特别香，这要归功于没有烟雾，而且下午的天很蓝、空气新鲜。此处作thanks to的宾语，应用名词，故填absence。
absence
3. (2023新高考Ⅰ卷)Xiao long bao(soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, ________(taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favourite Chinese street food.
【解析】 tasty 考查形容词。此处用形容词作定语，修饰后面的名词soup。故填 tasty。
tasty
4. (2023新高考Ⅱ卷)Since June 2017, right before the ________(arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident speaking English.
【解析】 arrival 考查名词。根据空格前的 the和空格后的介词 of可知，此处用名词形式。故填 arrival。
arrival
5. (2023全国甲卷)__________(difference) from traditional fables, Carson's story ends with an accusation instead of a moral.
【解析】 Different 考查形容词。(be) different from与……不同。此处用形容词短语作状语。故填Different。
Different
6. (2023全国甲卷)However, Carson's theme is a more weighty ________(warn) about environmental destruction.
【解析】 warning 考查名词。形容词weighty后接名词形式；再根据句中不定冠词a可知，用单数形式。故填warning。
warning
7. (2023全国乙卷)The _____________(remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, means there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.
【解析】 remarkable 考查形容词。此处用形容词作定语，修饰后面的名词 development。故填 remarkable。
remarkable
8. (2022全国甲卷)Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ____________(meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey.
【解析】 meaningful 考查形容词。句意：曹认为这将使这次徒步旅行更加有意义。此处用形容词meaningful作宾语补足语。故填meaningful。
meaningful
9. (2022全国乙卷)As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the largest tea-producing country, China has a _______________(responsible) to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry.
【解析】 responsibility 考查名词。不定冠词 a后接可数名词的单数形式。故填 responsibility。
responsibility
10. (2022新高考Ⅰ卷)The GPNP's main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas, and ___________(eventual) achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
【解析】 eventually 考查副词。此处用副词eventually作状语，修饰动词achieve。故填 eventually。
eventually
11. (2022新高考Ⅱ卷)They both fell ________(sleep) while watching TV.
【解析】 asleep 考查形容词。此处用形容词作表语。fall asleep意为“睡着”。故填 asleep。
asleep
12. (2022新高考Ⅱ卷)When he looked down, he ___________(accidental) slipped and fell over the edge.
【解析】 accidentally 考查副词。句意：当他往下看时，不小心滑了一跤，从悬崖边上掉了下去。此处用副词修饰动词slipped，作状语。故填accidentally。
accidentally
13. (2020新高考Ⅰ卷)Historical __________(accurate) is important but so is entertainment.
【解析】 accuracy 考查名词。此处用作主语，且被形容词 historical修饰，用名词形式，故填 accuracy。
accuracy
14. (2020全国Ⅰ卷)Landing on the moon's far side is ____________(extreme) challenging.
【解析】 extremely 考查副词。句意：在月球的背面登陆是极其有挑战性的。此处用副词作状语，修饰形容词 challenging，故填extremely。
extremely
15. (2020全国Ⅱ卷)Chinese New Year is a ____________(celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.
【解析】 celebration 考查名词。句意：中国新年庆祝冬天的结束和春天的开始。不定冠词a后接名词，故填celebration。
celebration
16. (2020全国Ⅲ卷)Filled with ________(curious), the artist packed his bags and left.
【解析】 curiosity 考查名词。句意：怀着好奇心，这位艺术家收拾行囊离开了。with后接名词作宾语，故填 curiosity。
curiosity
17. (2020全国Ⅲ卷)As the small boat moved ________(gentle) along the river, he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.
【解析】 gently 考查副词。此处用副词作状语，修饰动词 moved，故填gently。
gently
18. (2019全国Ⅰ卷)In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut have reported increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a ________(believe) that populations are increasing.
【解析】 belief 考查名词。根据前面的不定冠词a可知，此处用名词单数形式，故填 belief。
belief
19. (2019全国Ⅱ卷)Her years of hard work have _______(final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名) her to be Cheshire's Woman of the Year.
【解析】 finally 考查副词。此处用副词作状语，故填 finally。
finally
20. (2019全国Ⅲ卷)When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting _____________(compete) to watch, together with the story behind it.
【解析】 competition 考查名词。根据前面的不定冠词 an及形容词interesting可知，用名词单数形式，故填 competition。
competition
重难清障
一、 动词 名词 ★★★★★
1. 动词＋-ation expect→expectation
present→______________
explain→_____________
2. 动词去-e, ＋-ation invite→invitation
examine→_____________
prepare→_____________
pronounce→_______________(特殊)
presentation
explanation
examination
preparation
pronunciation
3. 动词去-e, ＋-tion produce→production
introduce→______________
describe→_____________(特殊)
4. 动词去-e, ＋-ion devote→devotion
pollute→___________
contribute→______________
revise→__________
educate→___________
introduction
description
pollution
contribution
revision
education
5. 动词＋-ion act→action
attract→____________
protect→____________
suggest→____________
discuss→discussion
express→____________
possess→____________
impress→____________
intend→___________(特殊)
attraction
protection
suggestion
expression
possession
impression
intention
6. 动词去-t/-d/-de, ＋-sion/-ssion
admit→admission
permit→___________
extend→__________
divide→_________
conclude→____________
7. 动词(去-e)＋-ance appear→appearance
perform→_____________
guide→__________
permission
extension
division
conclusion
performance
guidance
8. 动词＋-ence exist→existence
prefer→____________
refer→___________
differ→____________
depend→____________
preference
reference
difference
dependence
9. 动词＋-ment achieve→achievement
agree→___________
announce→______________
develop→_____________
encourage→_______________
10. 动词去-e, ＋-al arrive→arrival
refuse→_________
approve→__________
survive→__________
agreement
announcement
development
encouragement
refusal
approval
survival
11. 动词＋-ure/-ture fail→failure
press→__________
depart→___________
mix→_________
12. 动词＋-y recover→recovery
discover→___________
pressure
departure
mixture
discovery
13. 其他 choose→choice
vary→_________
tend→__________
advise→________
apologize→_________
grow→________
classify→______________
variety
tendency
advice
apology
growth
classification
二、 形容词 副词 ★★★★★
1. 形容词＋-ly
rude→________
wide→________
real→________
fair→________
certain→___________
careful→___________
final→_________
rudely
widely
really
fairly
certainly
carefully
finally
high→________
official→____________
regular→___________
actual→__________
slow→________
sudden→__________
highly
officially
regularly
actually
slowly
suddenly
2. 以“辅音字母＋-y”结尾，-y→-ily
easy→________
angry→_________
happy→_________
heavy→_________
steady→__________
busy→________
lucky→_________
easily
angrily
happily
heavily
steadily
busily
luckily
3. -ble→bly; -tle→tly; -ple→ply
noble→_______
terrible→__________
reliable→__________
comfortable→_____________
gentle→________
simple→________
nobly
terribly
reliably
comfortably
gently
simply
4. 去-e加-ly
true→_______
due→______
whole→________
truly
duly
wholly
5. 以-ic结尾，＋-ally
basic→___________
classic→___________
magic→___________
optimistic→_______________
scientific→_______________
energetic→______________
public→__________(特殊)
6. 以-ll结尾，＋-y
full→______
dull→______
basically
classically
magically
optimistically
scientifically
energetically
publicly
fully
dully
三、 名词 形容词 ★★★★★
1. 名词＋-al/名词去-e＋-al music→musical
person→__________
nation→__________
origin→__________
tradition→___________
centre→_______
practice→___________
globe→________
personal
national
original
traditional
central
practical
global
2. -ture→-tural nature→natural
culture→__________
agriculture→______________
architecture→_______________
3. -ics→-ical politics→political
physics→__________
mathematics→______________
cultural
agricultural
architectural
physical
mathematical
4. 名词＋-ern east→eastern
west→_________
south→__________
north→__________
southwest→______________
5. 名词＋-ful success→successful
care→_________
power→__________
peace→__________
fruit→__________
western
southern
northern
southwestern
careful
powerful
peaceful
fruitful
6. 名词＋-ish fool→foolish
self→_________
child→__________
7. 名词＋-ous danger→dangerous
courage→____________
8. -ance→-ant importance→important
distance→_________
significance→_____________
selfish
childish
courageous
distant
significant
9. -ence→-ent absence→absent
silence→________
difference→___________
convenience→____________
patience→_________
10. -ency→-ent fluency→fluent
efficiency→___________
emergency→__________
urgency→________
silent
different
convenient
patient
efficient
emergent
urgent
11. 名词＋-ly friend→friendly
time→________
man→_______
mother→__________
12. -ble→-bility able→ability
possible→___________
responsible→______________
flexible→___________
timely
manly
motherly
possibility
responsibility
flexibility
13. 名词＋-y；名词去-e＋-y；结尾双写＋-y
health→healthy
sleep→________
noise→_______
sun→_______
fog→_______
ice→____
greed→________
wealth→_________
sleepy
noisy
sunny
foggy
icy
greedy
wealthy
14. 形容词＋-ness weak→weakness
kind→__________
ill→_________
sad→_________
15. 形容词＋-th
warm→________
kindness
illness
sadness
warmth
16. 其他
free→freedom
wise→________
cruel→________
safe→________
trouble→____________
history→___________
science→_________
brave→_________
short→__________
wisdom
cruelty
safety
troublesome
historic(al)
scientific
bravery
shortage
四、 动词 形容词 ★★★
1. 动词＋-able suit→suitable
reason→____________
comfort→_____________
2. 动词＋-ful doubt→doubtful
harm→_________
hope→_________
care→_________
use→________
reasonable
comfortable
harmful
hopeful
careful
useful
3. 动词＋-ive act→active
attract→____________
impress→____________
4. 动词去-e＋-ary
imagine→___________
5. 形容词＋-en/-n deep→deepen
wide→_______
less→________
worse→________
attractive
impressive
imaginary
widen
lessen
worsen
6. en-＋形容词 large→enlarge
rich→________
able→________
enrich
enable
情境运用
1. (2025浙江1月卷)Tanya's shop offers fashion clothes for women to rent rather than purchase them outright, providing a less expensive ________(solve) to one-time event dressing.
【解析】 solution 考查名词。此处作宾语，用名词solution，意为“解决方案”，前面有冠词a修饰，用单数形式。故填solution。
solution
2. We need to understand the ___________(important) of teamwork from a long-term perspective, as it directly affects project efficiency.
【解析】 importance 考查名词。此处作understand的宾语，要用名词，故填importance。
importance
3. The bridge will be open to people to drive across it. However, car ________(own) will not be able to drive across the bridge unless they have a special permit.
【解析】 owners 考查名词。句意：然而，除非有特别许可证，否则车主不能开车过桥。此处作主语，用名词owner，意为“主人”，且owner是可数名词，此处用复数形式表示泛指，故填owners。
owners
4. From that moment on, there's a ___________(connect) between gifting breastpins and happiness.
【解析】 connection 考查名词。句意：从那一刻起，赠送胸针和幸福之间就有了联系。根据空前的不定冠词 a可知，要用名词单数形式，故填 connection。
connection
5. These grapes bring wealth as well as their delicious ____________(sweet) to the locals.
【解析】 sweetness 考查名词。句意：这些葡萄给当地人带来了财富和诱人的甜味。形容词 delicious作定语，修饰名词，故填sweetness。
sweetness
6. You may already be familiar with recent ________(find) that suggest children who read books with their parents several times a week score higher in intelligent tests than non-readers.
【解析】 findings 考查名词。形容词 recent作定语，修饰名词，且根据下文的谓语动词suggest可知用复数形式，故填 findings。
findings
7. Thailand is the top international destination for Chinese travellers. Mexico is the number one ________(choose) for American people.
【解析】 choice 考查名词。the number one意为“第一”，后接名词的单数形式，故填choice。
choice
8. It was Confucius who first set up private schools and received students from every walk of life without ______________(consider) of their social status.
【解析】 consideration 考查名词。介词without后接名词作宾语，故填consideration。
consideration
9. Recently researchers have found that singing in groups could have a positive impact on reducing anxiety and __________(depress)．
【解析】 depression 考查名词。此处作 reduce的宾语，与 anxiety并列，故填名词depression。
depression
10. And it seems that these efforts have been paying off, with its _________(popular) reaching a new height.
【解析】 popularity 考查名词。its为形容词性物主代词，修饰名词，故填popularity。
popularity
11. Some experts say the use of modern commercial farming methods saved millions of people from __________(starve)．
【解析】 starvation 考查名词。句意：一些专家说现代商业化农业方法的使用使数百万人免于饥饿。此处作介词from的宾语，要用名词，故填starvation。
starvation
12. There are even kitchens for preparing meals for the cats because every cat has its own __________(prefer)．
【解析】 preference 考查名词。句意：甚至还有厨房为猫准备食物，因为每一只猫都有它自己的喜好。own为形容词，修饰后面的名词，故填preference。
preference
13. They might not be used to having total ________(free) in how they plan their days and nights.
【解析】 freedom 考查名词。句意：他们可能不习惯完全自由地计划他们的白天和夜晚。形容词 total作定语，修饰名词，故填freedom。
freedom
14. With its rapid ________(grow), China has been displaying an increasingly great influence when fitting in with the world.
【解析】 growth 考查名词。形容词 rapid作定语，修饰名词，故填growth.
growth
15. It is the exact ___________(reflect) of interpersonal relationships in the modern world.
【解析】 reflection 考查名词。句意：这是现代社会人际关系的真实反映。形容词exact作定语，修饰名词，故填 reflection。
reflection
16. Her only chance of ________(recover) appeared to be a blood transfusion(输血) from her 5-year-old brother, who had miraculously survived the same disease and developed the antibodies(抗体) needed to fight against the illness.
【解析】 recovery 考查名词。此处作介词 of 的宾语，要用名词，故填recovery。
recovery
17. Scientists found that air pollution may be responsible for a big reduction in ___________(intelligent)．
【解析】 intelligence 考查名词。此处作介词 in的宾语，要用名词，故填intelligence。
intelligence
18. Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia's biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top __________(attract)．
【解析】 attraction 考查名词。形容词性物主代词its后接名词。故填 attraction。
attraction
19. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be _____________
(official) given to me at a ceremony in London.
【解析】 officially 考查副词。此处用副词作状语，修饰动词。故填officially。
officially
20. Last but not least, having a face-to-face talk with your parents _________(peace) and listening patiently is a better choice.
【解析】 peacefully 考查副词。此处用副词作状语，修饰动词talk。故填peacefully。
peacefully(共47张PPT)
专题四
完形填空
攻坚克难4 把握三线，让完形变完美
重难突破
情节线也叫故事线，是故事发展的脉络，主要围绕故事的时间、地点、人物、事件的起因、发展、高潮和结局展开。纵观历年真题，完形填空对名词和动词的考查居多，因为名词和动词体现了故事发展的过程和细节。记叙文常用第一人称或第三人称叙述生活中一些人物和事。夹叙夹议文则在此基础上表达作者对生活的看法或揭示生活的真理，达到弘扬真善美和体现正能量的目的。
重难一 情节线
2025新高考Ⅰ卷完形填空情节线
情节主线：搬家引发的物品处置与情感转变
阶段 情节节点 核心动词 核心名词
阶段1：搬家准备(物品过剩的困境) 房屋出售 sold、sat、staring at house、a glass vase
清空23年的家 emptying out、filling up beloved home、key items
物品分类决策 decided on、donated、store apartment、objects
遗留物品问题 stuffed with、belong things、landfill
阶段2：赠送尝试(从交易到馈赠的转折) 首次尝试出售 took、posted picture、$10
买家反应 came in、wanting、asking messages、price cut
免费赠送策略 settled on、reposted a new price($0)、description
首次成功 raced into、left happily woman、vase
情节主线：搬家引发的物品处置与情感转变
阶段 情节节点 核心动词 核心名词
阶段3：持续行动(情感价值升华) 扩大赠送 encouraged、posted more daily posts、visits
双重意义(环保与人际收益) became、provided、spare、please、encountered exchange、ray of light、chance、landfill、person
阶段4：新生活
(闭环与满足感) 珍视精简生活 sit、loving、share apartmentbelongings
想象物品新生 take joy in、appreciating joy、something
[小结] 情节线围绕“卖房后清理物品→通过网络赠送物品→持续赠送及感受→入住新居所并因物品被珍视而感到快乐”展开，动词多为体现动作流程的行为动词(如post、empty、share)，名词则聚焦于核心物品、场景及情感载体(如vase、house、joy)。
(2025新高考Ⅰ卷)I took a picture of the vase and posted it online, for $10. A couple of messages came in, one wanting additional 1 , another asking for a price cut. As our 2 day drew near, I settled on a new price ($0) and reposted it. The 3 : “I hate this vase. Maybe you won't.” In an instant, a woman raced into my house and left happily with the vase.
1. A. fees B. photos C. receipts D. models
2. A. move B. pay C. market D. work
3. A. warning B. request C. description D. reply
1
下面结合实例体会情节线在解题中的作用。
【情节线】 给花瓶拍照并上传网络，标价10美元→收到不少消息(一条想要更多 1 ，另一条要求降价)，但未成交→ 2 日临近，重新定价(0美元)和发帖→ 3 是“我讨厌这个花瓶。或许你不会”→一位女士立刻上门开心地带走花瓶。
【思维过程】 第1题：买家在网上看到商品后，常见的需求是“查看更多照片”以确认物品细节，这与上文的took a picture形成呼应。故选B。
第2题：move day(搬家日)是前后文的核心时间节点，因为搬家临近，作者才急于处理剩余物品(甚至免费赠送)。故选A。
第3题：前一句说reposted it(重新发布信息)，随后引号中的内容“I hate this vase. Maybe you won't.”(我讨厌这个花瓶，或许你不会)是发布时的文字内容。在网上发布物品时，引号内的内容属于“描述(description)”，用于说明物品情况，吸引买家。故选C。
(2024新高考Ⅱ卷)As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels my 1 quite like Italy. Each town has its own traditional 2 , and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another. Families 3 for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can 4 .
1. A. ambition B. success C. appetite D. growth
2. A. costume B. dish C. symbol D. tale
3. A. gather B. cheer C. leave D. wait
4. A. put up with B. stand up for C. come up with D. make up for
2
【情节线】 作为一名吃货(美食家)，通往“我”内心的路就是通过“我”的胃→没有什么地方能像意大利那样刺激“我”的 1 →每个城镇都有自己的传统 2 ，每个家庭都保存着代代相传的食谱→一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能 4 的任何其他借口 3 一起吃大餐。
【思维过程】 第1题：因为“我”是一名吃货，而且意大利也是美食之乡，所以没有地方能像意大利那样刺激“我”的食欲(appetite)，故选C。
第2题：意大利作为美食之国是名副其实的，每个城镇都有自己的传统菜肴(dish)，每个家庭都保存着代代相传的食谱，故选B。
[注意] 前两题若要正确解题，必须紧紧抓住情节线名词foodie和stomach。
第3、4题：在意大利，一家人会在星期天、生日以及他们能想出(come up with)的任何借口聚在(gather)一起吃大餐，席间充满欢声笑语，故第3题选A，第4题选C。
[注意] 后两题若要正确解题，必须紧紧抓住情节线名词big meals、Sundays、birthdays和other excuses。
(2023新高考Ⅰ卷)As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her race when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She 1 to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with 2 . She couldn't. Bailey then 3 to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get medical attention.
1. A. agreed B. returned C. stopped D. promised
2. A. courage B. aid C. patience D. advice
3. A. went away B. stood up C. stepped aside D. bent down
3
【情节线】 在Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二还要多时→她前面的一名选手Lenoue开始痛苦地哭泣→Bailey停了下来想提供帮助→Bailey扶着她的胳膊，看她是否能向前走→Lenoue不能行走→Bailey让Lenoue爬到她的背上→一路背着她到达终点线→又走了300英尺到Lenoue可以接受治疗的地方。
【思维过程】 第1题：根据“Bailey帮助和她一起参赛的选手”可知，Bailey没有继续跑下去，而是选择停下(stop)来帮忙，故选C。
第2题：根据“Bailey帮助和她一起参赛的选手”和“Bailey扶着她的胳膊”可知，选B。
第3题：根据“Bailey让Lenoue爬到她的背上”可知，Bailey要先弯下腰(bend down)，故选D。
情感线也称为故事的暗线，关注的是情感变化的过程。由于作者经常借助形容词、副词来推动故事的发展，表现人物的情感变化，因此完形填空中多在形容词、副词处设置考点，考查学生对于故事中主人公的情绪变化的理解，帮助学生把握作者的写作意图和观点态度。
2025新高考Ⅱ卷完形填空情感线
重难二 情感线
情感阶段 核心情感 对应原文词汇/短语 情感类型
前期困境 挣扎、痛苦 struggling with eating disorders and health issues(被饮食失调和健康问题困扰) 消极情感
转折与决心 觉醒、坚定 wake-up call(警醒)；determined to turn her life around(决心改变生活) 积极转变
情感阶段 核心情感 对应原文词汇/短语 情感类型
投入与热爱 热情、专注 discovering a passion for weightlifting(发现对举重的热爱) 积极情感
坚持与自信 自信、激励 there's no reason others can't look this good
(坚信他人也能变好)；hold on(坚持) 积极情感
面对质疑与
证明 坚定、反击 used to be laughed at(被嘲笑)；proved the doubters wrong(证明质疑者错误) 从被动到
主动
成就与影响 成就感、
鼓舞他人 become an inspiration for many social media users(成为许多社交媒体用户的励志榜样) 积极情感
升华
下面结合实例体会情感线在解题中的作用。
(2025新高考Ⅰ卷)I sit in my apartment today, loving each of the belongings that share our small space. I take joy in knowing that, somewhere nearby, someone is something that couldn't come with us.
A. anticipating B. appreciating C. delivering D. withdrawing
4
【思维过程】 作者抛弃物品时曾觉得其无价值，然后通过赠送发现其新价值，现在想到有人欣赏(appreciate)自己无法带走的物品时，作者感到欣慰(take joy in)。物品在他人手中重获意义，构建了价值闭环，呼应主题。故选B。
(2024全国甲卷) My childhood is quite 1 compared with hers. I am 2 that I did not need to go through the hardships like she did.
1. A. difficult B. complex C. happy D. similar
2. A. grateful B. surprised C. convinced D. regretful
【思维过程】 第1题：根据下文可知，作者不需要像她(祖母)一样经历磨难，因此，与祖母的童年相比，“我”的童年相当快乐(happy)，故选C。
第2题：此外，“我”很感激(grateful)“我”不需要像她那样经历磨难，故选A。
5
(2023新高考Ⅰ卷)As for Bailey, she is more about why her act is considered a big deal. “She was just crying. I couldn't leave her，” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”
A. worried B. ashamed C. confused D. discouraged
【思维过程】 根据空格后的why可知此处指Bailey感到很困惑，同时根据后一句“I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”可知，Bailey认为她只是做了件正确的事情，因此她对“认为她的行为是一件重要的事”感到很困惑(confused)。故选C。
6
C
逻辑线既可以指故事发展的先后顺序、行为的原因结果，也可以指篇章的衔接连贯、上下文的起承转合。很多情况下，对于逻辑的考查是通过让学生结合语境进行合理的分析推断来展开的。根据是否直接考查逻辑连接词，我们把逻辑线分为：显性逻辑线和隐性逻辑线。
1. 显性逻辑线
完形填空最大的特点之一就是逻辑性强，其逻辑连接词在文中起着辅助篇章衔接与连贯的重要作用，可以表达文中因果、转折、递进等各种逻辑关系。
重难三 逻辑线
完形填空十大逻辑关系
(根据大数据分析，加粗的逻辑词经常出现在完形填空中)
条件关系 if、unless、once(一旦)、otherwise、as/so long as、supposing、on condition that、provided that、depending on等
因果关系 表原因 because、since、due to、as、in that、now that、considering that、as a result of等
表结果 so、so that、thus、consequently、therefore、as a result等
时间关系 before、since、as、until、when、whenever、as soon as、in that moment等
顺序关系 finally、first、firstly、initially、eventually/ultimately、in the first place、last、next、to begin with、to start with等
让步关系 despite、in spite of、regardless of、though、although、while、even if、even though、wherever、whatever、whenever、whoever、whichever
转折关系 however、but、on the contrary、in contrast、yet、unfortunately、somehow
对比关系 while、whereas、not...but、instead、instead of、compared with等
并列关系 similarly、and、or、neither...nor、either...or、not only...but also、meanwhile等
递进关系 moreover、furthermore、above all、even、besides、what's more、what's worse等
解释关系 for example/instance、namely等
(2025新高考Ⅱ卷)Evelyn Donohue is a 65-year-old grandma. She only started to exercise seven years ago after having a wake-up call. She'd been struggling with eating disorders and health issues, which led her to getting surgery.
A. normally B. ultimately C. suddenly D. automatically
【思维过程】 此处需要一个词体现“长期问题→逐步恶化→最终结果→觉醒与改变(新起点)”的逻辑链条，ultimately 恰好呼应了“从持续困扰到最终采取手术”的递进关系。故选B。
7
B
(2024山东菏泽二轮复习联考)Then I heard their small daughter call out, asking if I was hungry. , I was, and she came over with a sealed(密封的) paper bag.
A. Therefore B. Indeed C. Instead D. However
【思维过程】 根据上文“I heard their small daughter call out, asking if I was hungry.”可知，“我”听到他们的小女儿在喊，问“我”是不是饿了；再根据下文的I was以及她把食物拿给作者可知，作者的确(indeed)饿了。故选B。
8
B
(2021山东泰安二轮模拟)Some people suggested she apply for bankruptcy(破产) to avoid paying the debt, but she refused to do so. “I will try my best to pay off the debt; I won't feel at ease，” Chen said.
A. while B. thus C. otherwise D. instead
【思维过程】 句意：有人建议她申请破产来避免支付债务，但她拒绝了。“我会尽最大努力还清债务，否则我会感到不安。”陈是这样说的。上下文之间是条件关系，用otherwise表示“否则”。故选C。
9
C
(2021全国乙卷)One afternoon, while attempting to get into bed she collapsed
(倒下) from what was discovered to be a heart attack.
A. eventually B. fortunately C. casually D. secretly
【思维过程】 句意：一天下午，当她试图上床睡觉时，她晕倒了。最终发现晕倒的原因是心脏病发作。此处eventually表示时间上的顺序关系。故选A。
10
A
(2019全国Ⅰ卷)At the base is a rainforest... Further up, the weather changes—low clouds envelop the mountainsides... you climb into an arctic-like zone with permanent snow.
A. Obviously B. Easily C. Consequently D. Finally
【思维过程】 句意：下面是热带雨林……再往上气候发生了变化，低云笼罩着山坡……最后你爬进一个类似北极有着永久积雪的地带。从At the base到Further up再到Finally，是顺承关系。故选D。
11
D
(2020浙江联盟阶段评估)There, she encouraged the nurses to treat any soldiers that came through their doors, which side they were fighting on.
A. in spite of B. regardless of C. for fear of D. according to
【思维过程】 句意：在那里，她鼓励护士们治疗任何一个进门的士兵，不管他们在为哪一方战斗。regardless of意为“不管”，表示让步关系。故选B。
12
B
2. 隐性逻辑线
除了考查上表的10大逻辑关系词外，近年来完形填空的逻辑关系出现了新的考查趋势：不直接考查这些逻辑关系词，而是将逻辑关系隐藏在句子中(句内逻辑关系)、句与句之间(句间逻辑关系)以及段落与段落的衔接中(段间逻辑关系)。
做题时，考生要注意三点：明确作者身份、站在作者角度、体会作者感受。在深挖行文逻辑的过程中避免主观臆断，按照上下文隐含的逻辑关系、搭配顺序对篇章的信息进行整合，从而对选项做出正确的判断。
(1) 句内逻辑关系
句内逻辑关系是指根据选项所在句中的内部逻辑关系，选出正确选项。
(2025新高考Ⅱ卷)Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out, but she has proved the wrong in the best possible way and has indeed become an inspiration for many social media users.
A. instructors B. admirers C. beginners D. doubters
【思维过程】 but表示转折关系，根据前半句的Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out可知，Ms Donohue曾经遭受很多嘲笑，但她证明这些人是错的，嘲笑她的人自然也是质疑她的人(doubter)。故选D。
13
D
(2023新高考Ⅱ卷)The flight was , and Tiffy was a great passenger. The next day, she flew with Karen and made it back to George in Virginia within a few days.
A. unnecessary B. unexpected C. unavoidable D. uneventful
【思维过程】 and表示并列关系，根据and后面的“Tiffy是个很棒的乘客”可以推测，这次飞行平安无事(uneventful)。故选D。
14
D
(2) 句间逻辑关系
句间逻辑关系指根据句子与句子之间的逻辑关系，选出正确选项。
(2024新高考Ⅰ卷)When I was a teenager, a neighbourhood friend a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started running regularly, but then two things happened.
A. knew B. held C. won D. quit
【思维过程】 根据下文中Feeling motivated可知，作者有了动力，其原因应是一个邻居朋友赢得(win)了马拉松比赛。故选C。
15
C
(2023新高考Ⅱ卷)In April last year, I saw a post on the PNP(Pilots N Paws) website from a family in Topeka. They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight . They could not afford to pay for transportation for their dog, Tiffy.
A. turn B. budget C. schedule D. connection
16
【思维过程】 根据下文中“They could not afford to pay for...”可知，这家人生活比较拮据，无法负担运送宠物的费用。a very tight budget预算很紧张。故选B。
B
(3) 段间逻辑关系
段间逻辑关系主要体现在段落与段落之间的衔接上。
(2025新高考Ⅰ卷)My husband and I had just sold our house and we were busy emptying out the beloved home our family had spent 23 years filling up. We had decided on key items for the apartment we were moving to in town...
... As our day drew near, I settled on a new price ($0) and reposted it.
A. move B. pay C. market D. work
17
【思维过程】 根据上一段中提到的sold our house以及we were moving to in town可知，此处指“搬家(move)日临近了”。
A
情境运用
1. The books are in every language—new books, ancient books, a book on the history of Iraq that is seven hundred years old.
A. then B. still C. even D. rather
【解析】 C 句意：这些书各种语言都有：新书，古籍，甚至有一本七百年前的关于伊拉克历史的书。even甚至，表示递进关系。
C
2. The lady would get a call from a stranger every morning who made her believe that he was her friend, and then she lent him about ￡31,000.
A. eventually B. frequently C. previously D. occasionally
【解析】 A 句意：这位女士每天早上都会接到一个陌生人的电话，这个陌生人最终让她相信他是她的朋友，然后她借给他大约31 000英镑。eventually最后，终于。
A
3. He approached the window. “I don't mean to butt in(插嘴)，” he said to the cashier, “but you can get her house back, I'll pay for her taxes.”
A. because B. unless C. if D. before
【解析】 C 句意：“我并不想插嘴，”他对出纳说，“但如果你能把她的房子拿回来，我就替她交税。”if表示“如果”，引导条件状语从句。
C
4. These men are known for their stoicism(坚忍) and the refusal to discuss what happened during the war. , with frequent contact with the veterans, they're finally willing to share their stories.
A. However B. Therefore C. Otherwise D. Besides
【解析】 A 句意：这些人以坚忍和拒绝谈论战争期间发生的事情而闻名。然而，随着与这些老兵接触得越来越多，他们最终愿意分享他们的故事。however然而，表示转折。
A
5. (2024新高考Ⅱ卷)Whatever life in Italy might have, the problem are forgotten once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family.
A. disadvantages B. meanings C. surprises D. opportunities
【解析】 A 根据下文中的the problem are forgotten可知，此处表示“无论意大利人在生活中遇到何种困难(disadvantage)，一旦与家人或朋友共享丰盛晚餐，这些问题便会暂时被抛诸脑后”。disadvantage与problem是近义词，表示“困难”。
A
6. (2024浙江1月卷)A young Chinese man approached me on the train. My________
friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the chance to practise my Chinese.
A. true B. so-called C. new D. long-lost
【解析】 C 根据上文“A young Chinese man approached me on the train.”可知，两人是在火车上认识的，所以是新(new)朋友。故选C。
C
【解析】 D 根据后文“I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”可知，Bailey认为自己只是做了应该做的事，但是人们却认为她的行为非常了不起。a big deal是固定搭配，意为“一件了不起的事”。
7. (2023新高考Ⅰ卷)As for Bailey, she is more confused about why her act is considered a big . “She was just crying. I couldn't leave her，” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”
A. game B. problem C. lesson D. deal
D
8. Millions of young people grow up with a deep love of Disney. by the studio's fairytales, they dream of becoming a prince or princess.
A. Inspired B. Selected C. Financed D. Transformed
【解析】 A 根据上文的a deep love of Disney可知，此处表示“受迪士尼童话故事的鼓舞(inspire)，他们梦想成为王子或公主”。故选A。
A
9. When I opened my eyes, I saw people ① at me and running over to help. Shocked and ② , I was unaware of how severely I had been injured.
① A. laughing B. shouting C. calling D. staring
② A. bored B. amused C. confused D. disappointed
【解析】 ① D 句意：当我睁开眼睛时，我看到人们盯着我看(stare at)，跑过来帮忙。故选D。
② C 根据下文中I was unaware of how severely I had been injured可知，作者不知道自己伤得有多严重，所以在那一刻应该是困惑的。故选C。
D
C
10. When Hank's owner, Delores Bushong, spotted him in the neighbour's tree, she immediately called the Humane Rescue Alliance for help. , Hank was too high for any ladder(梯子) to reach and the tree branch wasn't stable enough to support the climb of the rescuer.
A. Typically B. Surprisingly C. Unfortunately D. Strangely
【解析】 C 句意：当汉克的主人德洛雷斯·布松在邻居的树上发现他时，她立即致电人道救援联盟寻求帮助。不幸的是，汉克的位置太高了，任何梯子都够不着，树枝也不够稳固，无法支撑救援人员的攀登。根据语境，救援人员已经到达，但却无法施救，真是不幸。此处使用unfortunately对事件进行评价。
C
完形填空点睛
1. 完形填空和读后续写类似，都是围绕情节线、情感线和逻辑线展开的，且不少完形填空在结尾会进行主题升华。因此，多练习完形填空也有助于读后续写能力的提升。
2. 平时可摘抄完形填空中的好词、好句及精彩段落，加强背诵，为读后续写积累素材。例如：
(2025安徽合肥一六八中学考前最后一卷)He knows that love is meant to be shared, not kept to oneself. His simple acts remind me that true wisdom lies in sharing love, and I hope we can all learn from his example. (他知道爱是要分享的，而不是一个人独享。他简单的行为提醒我，真正的智慧在于分享爱，我希望我们都能从他的榜样中学习。)
3. 完形填空的命题重在落实“立德树人”的根本任务，发挥高考命题的育人功能和积极导向作用，同时传播社会正能量，引导学生深化对社会主义核心价值观的认同感，培养中国情怀与国际视野。因此，高考完形填空常见话题通常具有以下规律：
(1) “我”的认知会发生转变、获得成长感悟，或克服自身弱点(恐惧/害羞/依赖等)；
(2) 陌生人应热心真诚；
(3) 失物最终应会找到；
(4) 故事应蕴含感人内涵；
(5) 痛苦或困难会化解或得到解决；
(6) 坚持会收获成功；
(7) 危险、困难时刻会有贵人相助；
(8) 爱心会得到传递；
(9) 误解会化解；
(10) 善举会为他人传递正能量……(共29张PPT)
专题三
阅读七选五
攻坚克难3 抓住核心，阅读七选五：无衔接，不解题！
衔接是什么？
衔接指的是句子、段落之间的逻辑性和连贯性。衔接涉及词汇的选择、句子的结构以及段落之间的过渡，使整篇文章的内容流畅、易于理解，确保信息的有效传递和读者的阅读体验。
纵观近10年高考题和数百套模考题，我们发现阅读七选五在选文和设题方面有以下特点：
1. 选文三要素
① 体裁基本以说明文为主，兼顾记叙文和议论文。
② 话题围绕考生的生活和学习展开，或与生活常识相关，或是一些具有指导意义的人生哲理。
③ 文章结构严谨，衔接连贯。句与句之间、段与段之间逻辑分明。
2. 设题两注意
① 设空位置：段首、段中和段尾，以段中为主。
② 设空处与上下文衔接紧密。
不难发现：阅读七选五的灵魂是衔接！衔接是贯穿整篇文章的主线，更是考生得出正确答案的主要依据。事实上，本专题前面三节讲到的“设空位置”“关键词”和“逻辑关系”都是衔接在阅读七选五中的具体表现。
技法突破
(2021全国乙卷)And what about that other dinner-party killer: awkward silence If you're faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment(赞扬). ________. Just quickly turn around and say, “This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.”
So being interesting at a dinner party isn't that hard.
技法1 词汇衔接
1
G
A. How do you know the host
B. The first step is to go exploring
C. If you ask the question “How did you get here？”
D. Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E. Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
F. What about that person who has had too much to drink or won't stop talking
G. He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most
【解题过程】
(2023全国乙卷)Indoor plants, also known as houseplants or pot plants, are plants that like to grow indoors. Many of these species(物种) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter. ________.
A. All plants are different
B. Not only do they look beautiful
C. There are many benefits to growing plants indoors
D. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer
E. Plants like peace lilies and devil's ivy are among the best
F. Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help
G. Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding
2
D
【解题过程】
(2021新高考Ⅰ卷) My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. ________ So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.
A. Not all the customers are tourists.
B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E. That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G．The food is so delicious that you don't need much of it to make you happy.
技法2 逻辑衔接
3
F
【解题过程】
(2023新高考Ⅰ卷)It's something of a cliché(陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it's true. _____ We're all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.
A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D. It's just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn't mean you have to ignore what's happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn't a fixed aspect of your personality.
技法3 句意衔接
4
G
【解题过程】
典题悟法
(2024新高考Ⅰ卷)Not all great writers are great spellers. If you want to be published, it's vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript(原稿). 1 No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to spell words correctly.
I keep two reference books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus(同义词词典). I don't trust my laptop's spellchecker. 2 Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I'm old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers. I use the Concise Oxford Dictionary and the Collins Thesaurus.
3 It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced.
1
In addition, I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary, picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence. Of course, with its 2,672 pages, it's not exactly short. It contains around 163,000 words, plus word combinations and idiomatic phrases. 4 However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there's nothing better.
For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language published in 1755. “To make dictionaries is dull(乏味) work，” wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of “dull”. 5 A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience.
A. I don't often use this dictionary.
B. It takes no account of the context.
C. But I still don't want to replace them.
D. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.
E. Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.
F. That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.
G. Dictionaries don't always give you enough information.
【图解语篇】
【解题过程】
1. F 句意、词汇衔接。上一句提到提交完美、专业呈现的原稿对于出版的重要性，下一句讲的是“编辑不太可能容忍不愿花心思把单词拼写正确的作家”。所以此处是对上文的进一步解释，说明“完美的文稿需要语法正确，无拼写错误”。故选F项，其中的that指代上句内容。
2. B 逻辑、词汇衔接。上一句提到了作者不相信电脑的拼写检查程序，所以此处应解释不相信的原因，此处暗示着上下句的衔接，有因果逻辑关系，故选B项“它不考虑上下文”。it指代laptop's spellchecker。
3. E 逻辑、词汇衔接。本段主要讲述词典的多重作用和功能。空格后提到词典可以提供每个词的精确定义、发音等信息，所以E项“当然，词典不仅仅是为了(查)拼写”符合题意。下文中的“It should give...”和“It will also...”暗示着顺承递进关系。
4. A 逻辑、词汇衔接。上一句提到作者拥有的the Shorter Oxford Dictionary包含了大量的词汇、词组和习惯用语。下一句由However引出作者使用the Shorter Oxford Dictionary的情况，形成转折关系。故A项“我并不经常使用这本词典”符合语境。A项中this dictionary指上一句中提到的词典。
5. D 逻辑、词汇衔接。上一句提到编写字典是一项乏味的工作，下一句说“稍微花几分钟阅读一两页的内容可以是一种有益的体验”，与空格前的内容形成转折关系，故D项“但读词典却可以是一种乐趣”符合语境，其中pleasure与dull 形成对比，but是关键词。
(2023新高考Ⅰ卷)
Personal Forgiveness
Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don't beat yourself up about them. To err(犯错) is human. 1 You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.
In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” 2 Are you caring Creative Generous A good listener Fun to be around They don't have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you're proud of.
2
At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you've done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. 3
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. 4 That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don't wait until you've made a mistake to try this—it's a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.
It's something of a cliché(陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it's true. 5 We're all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.
A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D. It's just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn't mean you have to ignore what's happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn't a fixed aspect of your personality.
【图解语篇】
【解题过程】
1. D 句意衔接。上文说“勇于承担责任固然重要，但是也不要因此而过于自责，人都会犯错的”，下文说“你可以使用下面的写作练习来帮助你做到这一点”，再结合文章标题“Personal Forgiveness”和下文内容的暗示可知，下文主要讲自我宽恕，此处应该提到宽恕这一话题。故选D项“宽恕自己也同样重要”符合语境。
2. B 句意、逻辑衔接。上一句说“在日记或一张纸上写上标题‘个人优点’”，下文具体罗列了几项“优点”，这些优点可以是关心他人、富有创造力、慷慨、善于倾听、和你待在一起会让人感到快乐等。由此可推测此处与列举优点有关，故选B项“现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点”符合语境。
3. F 句意衔接。根据本段第一句“At the top of a second page, put the heading ‘Acts of kindness.’”可知，本段主要讲述列出一些自己所做的好事。这可能包括帮助朋友完成家庭作业、主动帮忙熨衣服或在家人劳累一天后烤饼干等。故选F项“无论是什么事，无论看起来多么微小，都写下来”，对上文列出善举这一做法进行总结。
4. C 句意、词汇衔接。上一句说“你可以让朋友或家人帮忙增加你的列表内容”，下一句说“那样的话，你可以和他们交流想法”，所以此处应与家人和朋友的反应或举动有关，故选C项“他们甚至可能想尝试做一下这个练习”承上启下。C项中的They指代上一句中的 a friend or family member。
5. G 句意、词汇衔接。根据上文“...most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it's true.”可知，作者认为人是从错误中学习。下一句又说“我们一直在改变和学习，而犯错是我们得以发展和成长的良好途径”。故选G项“不管你犯了什么错误，记住这不是你性格中固定的一面”承上启下。G 项中的 fixed 与下一句中的changing 形成对比。(共51张PPT)
专题二
阅读理解
攻坚克难2 掌握四种微技能，攻克阅读C、D篇的难点和痛点
微技能一 清除障碍词
坏消息：高考阅读理解里不认识的单词，永远不会消失。无论你的词汇量多大，总会有那么几颗“小钉子”冒出来。
好消息：你不需要认识每个单词，也能得高分！
为什么？高考考的不是你是否认识全部单词，而是你能否利用一些技巧攻克这些障碍词，从而顺利通关。
1. 陌生专有名词：人名地名某某名——直接略过
如果遇到以大写字母开头的生词或者一连串的斜体单词，我们可以直接略过，不需要弄明白其具体意思，只需判定生词属于哪类事物即可，比如人名、地名、物种名、机构组织、作品名(常用斜体)、报刊名(常用斜体)等，然后根据上下文将其转换为“某人”“某地”“某组织”“某作品”等。这些词不会影响我们对文章大意的理解。
典例 清障分析
(2025新高考Ⅰ卷)Dutch(某地) authors Thalia Verkade(某人) and Marco te Br mmelstroet(某人) are bothered by facts like these. In their new book Movement: How to Take Back Our Streets and Transform Our Lives(某作品), they call for a rethink of our streets and the role they play in our lives. 此段借某地作者之口，通过他们的某作品引出全文的核心论点：需重新思考街道的角色，对“What can be a suitable title for the text？”解题有帮助。
典例 清障分析
(2025新高考Ⅱ卷)Hereford(某地) has remained a lively market town since 1189. Skirting the town square, you'll find lovely shops, eateries, and the Black and White House Museum(某地). The Hereford Cathedral(某地) is the most impressive building in town. It's also home to an ancient library. One of the four original copies of the Magna Carta(某作品) is displayed there. 在某地(The Hereford Cathedral)可以找到某作品(the Magna Carta)的原件，回答了“Where can you find an original copy of the Magna Carta？”
2. 关键拓展词——用构词法解
考生可以根据构词法猜测出某些长难单词的含义。构词法有三种：派生、合成和转化。
典例 清障分析
(2025新高考Ⅰ卷)While safety improvements might have been made to our streets in recent years, transport studies also show declines in pedestrian(行人) mobility, especially among young children. (派生词)safe＋ty→safety n. 安全
(派生词)improve＋ment→improvement n. 改善
(派生词)mobile＋ity→mobility n. 移动能力
典例 清障分析
(2025新高考Ⅰ卷)Microplastics have become a common source of pollution across the Earth—they have settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas, stuck inside volcanic rocks, filled the stomachs of seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snow. (合成词)micro＋plastic→
microplastic n. 微塑料
(合成词)sea＋bird→seabird n. 海鸟
(2025新高考Ⅱ卷)When Sonja Detrinidad opened her online shop selling houseplants, she didn't have high hopes for it. But the opposite happened: She was flooded, shipping out 1,200 orders in June of 2020 alone. (转化词)ship n. 船→v. 运送
3. 熟词考新义——借助语境猜
课标词汇数量是有限的，但是高考对课标词汇的义项考查是没有限制的。命题者会在试题中使用一些考生熟悉的单词，但其含义是较为陌生的，我们称之为“熟悉的陌生人”。
典例 清障分析
(2025新高考Ⅰ卷)I was shocked. Then I realized that the problem was the question itself. They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn't strike them as important. This would have to change. strike [熟义] n. 罢工；袭击 vt. 撞；击；突然想到；侵袭→[新义] vt. 给(某人以……)印象，让……觉得
(2025新高考Ⅰ卷)Many parents say there's too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school, so they pack them into the car instead. pack [熟义] v. 收拾(行李)；包裹 n. 纸包，纸袋→[新义] vt. 塞进，挤进
典例 清障分析
(2025新高考Ⅰ卷)Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor(市长) to champion “New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through.” champion [熟义] n. 冠军；优胜者→[新义] vt. 捍卫；声援
(2025新高考Ⅱ卷)Instead, all the ingredients(配料) used were examples of meat cuts and produce that most restaurants would never consider serving. Things like kale ribs, fish collars, rejected sweet potatoes, and cucumber butts were all re-appropriated and, with the help of a number of good chefs, turned into excellent cuisine. rejected [熟义] adj. 被拒绝的→[新义] adj. (因质量问题)被淘汰的，被弃用的
4. 中文标注词——高度重视
在阅读理解中，标注了中文意思的生词，往往说明这个单词对理解文章很重要。通过研究真题我们发现，标注中文意思的生词往往也是题眼。这类生词在下文或题干及选项中大概率会再次出现。部分粗心的同学在下文、题干或选项中再次碰到该生词时，还会因为不懂其含义而感到困惑。所以，当你在下文、题干或选项中再次碰到生词时，不妨在原文中找一下加注了中文意思的生词——这是命题人有意给考生安排的福利！如果题干中出现了加注中文意思的生词，那么该生词前后往往是命题人命题的题眼所在！
微技能二 破解长难句
高考阅读理解中经常出现长难句，其用词、结构相对复杂，这会对考生理解句意造成一定障碍。常见的长难句可以概括为“一并二短三长四特殊”。 “一并”指利用一些起并列作用的词(如and、or、as well as、along with等)将句子变长、变复杂；“二短”指形容词/副词、同位语；“三长”指常见的三种修饰成分：介词短语、非谓语动词(短语)和三大从句；“四特殊”指插入语、强调句、倒装句、省略句等。
1. 寻谓语，找主干
一般情况下，一个谓语形式的动词对应其动作的发出者(主语)，我们可以根据谓语动词来确定其主语。此外，如果一个句子中出现两个或两个以上的谓语动词，那么该句可能是并列句或复合句(并列谓语动词的情况除外)。
典例 清障分析
(2025新高考Ⅰ卷)Most famously, a Canadian journalist who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction of her local park. 寻谓语 本句主干部分谓语动词为led。
找主干 A Canadian journalist led a campaign.(主谓宾结构)
典例 清障分析
(2025新高考Ⅰ卷)Most famously, a Canadian journalist who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction of her local park. 析成分 ① 副词短语Most famously作状语修饰整个句子，表程度；
② who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s是定语从句，修饰先行词journalist；
③ to stop the destruction of her local park是动词不定式作目的状语。
句意 最著名的(案例)是20世纪50年代初一位举家搬到曼哈顿的加拿大记者发起的一场运动，(该运动)旨在阻止当地公园被破坏。
2. 提主干，去枝叶
主句所表达的信息为主要信息，从句、状语或定语等所表达的信息为次要信息。若能把句子的主干提炼出来，就能完全把握句子的核心意义，也就不会出现思维混乱、主次不分的情况。
典例 清障分析
(2025新高考Ⅰ卷)In a study published Wednesday in Environmental Science & Technology Letters, researchers from China found that boiling tap water for just five minutes—then filtering it after it cools—could remove at least 80 per cent of its microplastics. 提主干 本句主干部分为： Researchers found that...
(主谓宾结构)
典例 清障分析
(2025新高考Ⅰ卷)In a study published Wednesday in Environmental Science & Technology Letters, researchers from China found that boiling tap water for just five minutes—then filtering it after it cools—could remove at least 80 per cent of its microplastics. 去枝叶 ① In a study published Wednesday in Environmental Science & Technology Letters是介词短语在句中作地点状语，其中published...是过去分词短语作后置定语修饰a study；
② from China是介词短语作后置定语修饰researchers；
③ 在that引导的宾语从句中，主语是动名词短语boiling tap water; for just five minutes作时间状语，破折号后的内容(then filtering it after it cools)相当于插入语，但仍然是主语的一部分，与boiling tap water并列；
④ 宾语从句的谓语是could remove，宾语是at least 80 per cent of its microplastics。
句意 在周三发表于《环境科学与技术快报》的一项研究中，中国研究人员发现，将自来水煮沸五分钟——冷却后过滤——至少可去除其中 80% 的微塑料。
3. 寻关联，辨逻辑
一些长句是由若干分句组成的并列句或复合句，而这些并列句或复合句的分句之间需要一些关联词来连接。如果我们找准这些关联词，就能够弄清楚句与句之间的逻辑关系，明确主句和各从句的意义，长句也就容易理解了。
典例 清障分析
(2025新高考Ⅰ卷)Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car. 提主干 本句主干部分为：The reality is that...(主系表结构)
寻关联
辨逻辑 Although these campaigns were widespread是让步状语从句，与主句间形成逻辑上的转折。
句意 尽管这些运动广泛开展，但现实是，大多数西方城市已完全围绕机动车的需求重新设计。
4. 看搭配，防分隔
有时一个长句是由一个或多个搭配构成的，而且这些搭配常常出现分隔现象。考生若被分隔现象干扰，看不清句子的本来面目，对句意的理解就会出现偏差。
典例 清障分析
(2024新高考Ⅰ卷)She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI. 提主干 本句主干部分为：She writes.(主谓结构)
看搭配
防分隔 ① 介词短语from...作状语；
② making for...为现在分词短语作状语，其中含有两个which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词guide，但第二个定语从句被介词短语by the close分隔开了。
句意 她从一个商业人士(而非学者)的实际角度出发，撰写了一本非常通俗易懂、内容丰富的指南，读完后会让你觉得自己几乎和人工智能一样聪明。
微技能三 排除干扰项
干扰项的排除是本微专题解决的重点和难点，也是阅读理解得高分的关键。前面四节中85%以上的例题都加入了[干扰项排除]，此处再加以总结和强调。
干扰项类型 以偏概全 只阐述了文章的一部分内容，也就是文章的局部信息
无中生有 选项中包含文章未提及的信息
偷换概念 命题者有意地把属于A的特征放在B上
颠倒是非 在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反
断章取义 所给关键词虽在文中出现过，但与文章主旨没有关联
(2025新高考Ⅰ卷·B篇)
But things were different for their first essay, which was about the question：“Why is writing important？” Most of the essays filled less than one page, and few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis(论点) statement. I was shocked. Then I realized that the problem was the question itself. They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn't strike them as important. This would have to change.
As a new unit started, I asked everyone to write a persuasive piece on a health-related topic of their choice. This time they found the exercise much more interesting.
1
Q: Why did the students perform poorly in writing their first essay
A. They were not given enough time. 无中生有：文本中没有任何地方提到时间限制或时间不足的问题。
B. They had a very limited vocabulary. 颠倒是非：原文提到学生“could have written pages on the necessity of computers(能就计算机话题写很多内容)”，表明学生的词汇量不是问题。
C. They misunderstood the question. 偷换概念：学生表现差并非因为“误解题目的意思”，而是因为对“写作的重要性”这一话题本身缺乏兴趣。
D. They had little interest in the topic. 同义转述：根据文中画线部分可知D项正确。
(2025新高考Ⅰ卷·D篇)
Scientists are still trying to determine how harmful microplastics are—but what they do know has raised concerns. The new study suggests boiling tap water could be a tool to limit intake. “The way they demonstrated how microplastics were trapped through the boiling process was nice，” Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay, an environmental engineer of the University of Glasgow in Scotland who was not involved in the research, tells New Scientist. “We should be looking into upgrading drinking water treatment plants so they remove microplastics.”
2
Q: What is Gauchotte-Lindsay's suggestion about
A. Choice of new research methods. 颠倒是非：她的建议是应用这些发现，而非选择新研究方法。
B. Possible direction for further study. 无中生有：研究本身已提供基础，她的建议是推进实施，而不是进一步研究可能的方向。
C. Need to involve more researchers. 无中生有：建议中未提到“研究者数量”。
D. Potential application of the findings. 同义转述：Gauchotte-Lindsay的建议核心是将研究发现(煮沸水可减少微塑料)转化为实际应用(改进水处理设施)。D项正确。
(2025新高考Ⅱ卷·C篇)
When Sonja Detrinidad opened her online shop selling houseplants, she didn't have high hopes for it.But the opposite happened: She was flooded, shipping out 1,200 orders in June of 2020 alone. In the past year, Detrinidad sent out more than 70,000 plants. Her success is just one example of increased time at home leading to an explosion in the houseplant industry.
3
Q: How was Detrinidad's business when it started
A. It faced tough competition. 无中生有：原文未提及任何关于“竞争”的内容，既没有说存在竞争，更没有说竞争激烈。
B. It suffered a great loss. 颠倒是非：原文明确描述了订单激增，这是生意火爆的表现，而非“损失”，该选项与事实完全相反。
C. It got lots of financial support. 无中生有：原文仅讲述了她开店的预期与实际经营状况，未提到“资金支持”相关内容。
D. It went surprisingly well. 同义转述：Sonja Detrinidad的业务开始时，尽管她本人期望并不高，但实际情况远超预期，订单量激增。D项正确。
微技能四 分析文章结构
——牢记主题为王，防止一叶障目
前面三种微技能主要是帮助学生清除阅读障碍，更准确地理解文章。但仅仅理解文章，还不能完全应对新高考对阅读理解的深度考查，尤其是注重思维能力的C、D篇。破解阅读C、D篇的重点是熟悉不同文本的行文结构。只有学会分析文章的结构，学生在做题时才能培养大局观，牢牢把握主题这条线，避免仅凭对文章的一知半解答题，导致最终所选答案偏离主题，出现“只见树木，不见森林”的情况。
阅读C、D篇通常分为5种类型，以下是其文本结构分析和常见命题形式(同学们在做难度较大的C、D篇时，可以尝试根据下面的模板分析文本结构)。
1. 社会现象类：引出现象→说明现象→分析原因→说明影响及看法
2. 科技发明类：发明背景→介绍发明→发明前景
3. 问题解决类：提出问题→解决措施→评价结果
4. 研究报告类：研究背景→研究过程→研究结果→应用与前景
5. 阐述事理类：提出论点→进行论证→得出结论
(2025新高考Ⅰ卷·C篇)
While safety improvements might have been made to our streets in recent years, transport studies also show declines in pedestrian(行人) mobility, especially among young children. Many parents say there's too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school, so they pack them into the car instead.
Dutch authors Thalia Verkade and Marco te Br mmelstroet are bothered by facts like these. In their new book Movement: How to Take Back Our Streets and Transform Our Lives, they call for a rethink of our streets and the role they play in our lives.
Life on city streets started to change decades ago. Whole neighbourhoods were destroyed to make way for new road networks and kids had to play elsewhere. Some communities fought back. Most famously, a Canadian journalist who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction of her local park. Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor(市长) to champion “New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through.” Similar campaigns occurred in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s as well.
Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the majority of the Western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car. The number of cars on roads has been increasing rapidly. In Australia we now have over twenty million cars for just over twenty-six million people, among the highest rate of car ownership in the world.
We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through, but we fail to account for the true costs. Do we really recognize what it costs us as a society when children can't move safely around our communities The authors of Movement have it right: it's time to think differently about that street outside your front door.
1. What phenomenon does the author point out in Paragraph 1
A. Cars often get stuck on the road.
B. Traffic accidents occur frequently.
C. People walk less and drive more.
D. Pedestrians fail to follow the rules.
2. What were the Canadian journalist and other campaigners trying to do
A. Keep their cities livable.
B. Promote cultural diversity.
C. Help the needy families.
D. Make expressways accessible.
3. What can be inferred about the campaigns in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s
A. They boosted the sales of cars.
B. They turned out largely ineffective.
C. They won government support.
D. They advocated building new parks.
4. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Why the Rush B. What's Next
C. Where to Stay D. Who to Blame
【解析过程】
1. 分析文章结构
2. 牢记主题为王，防止一叶障目
本文的主题围绕“城市街道上步行的人减少，汽车增多”这一现象展开，指出“城市街道设计过度满足汽车需求，导致宜居性下降”，并通过回顾历史上保护城市宜居性的运动及其结果，呼吁“重新思考城市街道的功能，重视城市的宜居性”。
第1小题：考查第一段的现象：步行减少、开车增多，这是全文主题讨论的背景，正是这一现象引发了对街道功能和城市宜居性的反思。选C。
第2小题：考查历史上几次反抗运动的目的——保持城市宜居性，这与主题中“重视城市宜居性”的核心诉求直接相关，体现了人们对主题所倡导的“宜居街道”的早期追求。选A。
第3小题：推断澳大利亚运动的结果——基本无效，这说明“城市被汽车主导”的现状未被改变，印证了主题中“需要重新思考街道功能”的必要性。选B。
第4小题：选择标题(Why the Rush？)，呼应文中“not just rush through”的反思，直接指向主题的核心——质疑城市过度追求“快速通行”而忽视宜居性的现状，引导读者思考街道的真正意义。选A。
3. 小结与思考——批判性思维
4个题目均围绕全文的主题展开：从引出现象(第1题)，到历史应对(第2题)，再到现状分析(第3题)，最后表达看法、升华主题(第4题)，层层递进地聚焦于“重新思考街道功能，重视城市宜居性”的主题，逐步引导学生的批判性思维。
阅读理解点睛
1. 高考英语阅读理解四选一共15题，A、B、C、D四个选项的正确项分布相对科学，通常有3个选项各占4题，有一个选项占3题，但也有例外。
2. 转折关系是高考英语阅读理解思维考查最高频的考点。通过2025年新高考I卷，我们发现第25、30、31、33题均涉及转折关系。当文中出现but或however时，其后信息才是作者重点强调的内容，这也是命题的题眼所在！表示转折关系的词有but、however、although/though、yet、nevertheless、rather than、despite、in spite of、on the contrary等。
3. 有时阅读理解四选一的文章虽然难懂，但题目会比较简单，这或许是命题人有意为之，加之本身是选择题，必有一个正确项。此时，我们可以根据题干信息在原文定位，再运用所讲的技巧推测答案。因此，遇到难度较大的语篇时，也要沉着地应对，不要过早放弃。
