专题十七　主旨要义--2026天津版高考英语第二轮专题强化练（含答案与解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2026天津版高考英语第二轮专题
专题十七　主旨要义
五年高考
天津卷专练
Passage 1(2024天津第二次,C) 主题 科学研究
　　Research sometimes proves, with data, what we more or less already know (e.g. Exercise is good for you, and polluted air isn't). Still, sometimes our assumptions are incorrect, and scientific findings surprise researchers, along with the rest of us. A recent example is the phenomenon of disappearing lakes in parts of the frozen treeless Arctic (北极的) region.
　　You might think these lakes would be expanding, not disappearing. As climate change warms the region—melting (融化) surface snow and ice as well as the permafrost (永冻层)—there should be more surface water, forming larger lakes and even new ones. Recently, however, scientists have observed not just shrinking (缩小的) lakes but lakes that have completely gone away.
　　Many scientists shared the commonsense expectation that as permafrost melted, lakes would at first expand with meltwater flowing into them. Eventually, researchers made a prediction that progressive warming during the 21st and 22nd centuries would dry out the Arctic, and lakes would begin to shrink. But now it looks as if Arctic lakes are disappearing a century sooner than predicted. A case in point is that some large, age-old lakes shrank dramatically in what appears to have been a matter of months. Scientists have labeled this phenomenon “disastrous lake loss”.
　　What caused this The frozen solid ground actually contains bits of rock, mineral and organic matter, leaving spaces in between. And because these spaces are filled with solid ice, liquid water cannot readily get inside, but it can when the permafrost melts, allowing more water to get through. Soon after that, around 192 lakes in northwestern Alaska are gone from sight.
　　Why did scientists miss this One probable reason is that most climate models assume that the melting of permafrost is driven only by warming air. New evidence suggests, however, that rainfall—particularly increasing autumn rain—is now contributing significantly to permafrost loss. The rainfall carries heat into the ground. Yet none of the existing models includes such processes.
　　That is a good example of why—no matter how complex our models are or may one day be—we need direct observation of the natural world.
1. What does Paragraph 1 mainly tell us
A. General knowledge can at times turn out to be true.
B. Commonsense assumptions can sometimes prove wrong.
C. Research findings should be built on popular assumptions.
D. Scientific research is inspired by an unknown phenomenon.
2. Contrary to the general expectation, climate change has caused 　　　.
A. a rapid rise of water surface　　　B. the permafrost to melt faster
C. many Arctic lakes to grow larger　　　D. the disappearance of many Arctic lakes
3. The disastrous climatic impacts on the Arctic region have been 　　　.
A. proved with emerging lakes　　　B. underestimated by scientists
C. well predicted by researchers　　　D. shown elsewhere in the world
4. Why is the frozen Arctic ground hard for water to get through
A. Because of the solid ice within it.　　　
B. Because of its unique composition.
C. Because it is far away from the waters.　　　
D. Because snow rarely melts on frozen ground.
5. What lesson can we learn from the passage
A. Direct observation is a must for scientific research.
B. Scientific research is guaranteed by sufficient lab facilities.
C. New evidence should be found to back up research findings.
D. Scientific predictions should be mostly based on research models.
Passage 2(2023天津第二次,B) 主题 认识自我,丰富自我,完善自我
I looked through the window of the charming little violin shop, and my heart began to race.
I'd been out to dinner that evening. Since it wasn't dark yet after the meal, I decided to walk home from the restaurant. I had traveled that way before, yet I had never noticed that old little shop. But that night I felt drawn to the violin shop the moment I came across it.
I wiped the dirt from the window to get a better look inside. Several violins hung from the dark walls, quietly waiting to be chosen. As my eyes rested on them, I felt as though I were looking through a window into my own past.
My childhood was all about the pursuits I had attempted, most of which had been chosen by Mom. She was like, “Join the swim team, Tara. Your sister is a good swimmer;surely you will be, too.” What she refused to acknowledge, however, was that I was visibly afraid of water.
Every Saturday I begged Mom not to make me go to the swim meet, but had little chance of success. That said, with a bang of the starting gun, I would dive into the cold water with all my strength and swim to the other side of the pool as fast as I could, only to find that the other swimmers slid past me. I would have given it up if I had not heard my father's encouraging shouts to cheer me on. When at last my hand would grab the edge of the pool, he would always be there with a warm, dry towel, telling me how proud he was of my desperate efforts.
Then came a turning point in my life the day our school orchestra(管弦乐队) visited my class, and gave a demonstration. The drums annoyed me. The flutes(笛子) bored me. But the violin…ah, the violin. It made the sweetest sound I'd ever heard!My heart was dancing along with its flowing tune. For the first time in my life, I went so wild with joy.
Tightly holding the permission slip from the orchestra director, I ran all the way home after school, and shakily handed it to my parents with a fear that they might dismiss my desire. They didn't. Mom was thrilled to see me finally excited about something, and Dad winked(眨眼示意) at me while eagerly signing the slip.
I began practicing the violin with great passion, and rose quickly in ability. Before long I had won the first seat in the community orchestra...
1. What did the sight of the violins in that little shop bring to Tara's mind 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
A. Her miserable past.　　　B. An unforgettable sport event.
C. The stories behind the violins.　　　D. Her childhood memory.
2. What Dad did for Tara during the swimming competition implies that he is 　　　.
A. mindless and bad-tempered　　　B. caring and supportive
C. strict and demanding　　　D. tolerant and sympathetic
3. What fascinated Tara during her school orchestra's demonstration
A. The tune of the flutes.　　　B. The beat of the drums.
C. The sound of the violin.　　　D. The manner of the musicians.
4. What enabled Tara to win the first seat in the community orchestra
A. The steady improvement in her taste.　　　B. Her strong desire for success.
C. Her natural gift for music.　　　D. The rapid progress in her ability.
5. What message does Tara's story convey
A. It's never too young to learn.　　　B. A passionate interest works wonders.
C. Hard work will pay off in the long run.　　　D. Like mother, like daughter.
Passage 3(2023天津第二次,D) 主题 社会与文化
Storytelling is an ancient art form that has been used to hand down legends, tales and factual stories. Perhaps the first thing that springs to mind when you think of storytelling is the fantasy land that took shape in your mind while Mom or Dad told you stories about princes, castles and monsters, with a unique voice for each character.
Storytelling does not just take place at bedtime or round a campfire, however. It can take some other forms, either via the books we read or the films we watch. But they usually have some elements in common: rather than a list of dry facts, stories have plots and they introduce characters. We respond to stories, particularly when there is emotional detail.
And unlike what we suppose, storytelling is not just a form of entertainment, but a form of learning as well. Long before reading and writing became widely spread and available, oral storytelling had already been a form that the wisdom and knowledge of the people were passed down from elders to children. A good story engages our curiosity, emotions and imagination.
Storytelling helps with learning also because stories are easy to remember. Research has found that learning obtained from a well-told story is remembered more accurately, and for far longer, than from facts and figures.
And above all, stories have a transformative power to allow us to see the world in a different way than we do if we just encounter it on our own. Stories are an entry point to understanding a different experience of the world.
This aspect of storytelling—presenting a different perspective of the world—is important when it comes to connecting with each other. It gives us an opportunity to learn from another person's experience and it can shape, strengthen or challenge our opinions and values. So, when someone tells us their own personal story, we catch a glimpse (瞥见) of a view of the world that may be slightly or significantly different from our own. When we see the world as they see it, or walk in their shoes, the experience can inspire empathy (共情;同理心) with them.
1. What occurs to us the moment we think of “storytelling”
A. A child's imaginary world.　　　B. Voices of Mom or Dad.
C. An ancient art form.　　　D. Factual stories.
2. What are the common elements in all forms of storytelling according to the author
A. Form and style.　　　B. Facts and figures.
C. Emotional and physical details.　　　D. A series of events and characters.
3. Why does storytelling work better than mere statement of facts in promoting learning
A. It carries more wisdom and knowledge.
B. It is more widely available to young learners.
C. It satisfies our imagination and releases our emotions.
D. It makes what is learned more precise and longer lasting.
4. How can other people's personal stories probably benefit us
A. By offering us more opportunities to know people.
B. By helping us stay connected with the contemporary world.
C. By allowing us to understand the world the way they see it.
D. By enabling us to tell reality from imagination.
5. What makes the best title for the passage
A. The History of Storytelling　　　B. The Power of Storytelling
C. The Forms of Storytelling　　　D. The Art of Storytelling
Passage 4(2022天津第二次,B) 主题 认识自我
I'm an 18-year-old pre-medical student, tall and good-looking, with two short story books and quite a number of essays to my credit. Why am I singing such praises of myself Just to explain that the attainment of self-pride comes from a great deal of self-love, and to attain it, one must first learn to accept oneself as one is. That was where my struggle began.
Born and raised in Africa, I had always taken my African origin as a burden. My self-dislike was further fueled when my family had to relocate to Norway, where I attended a high pared to all the white girls around me, with their golden hair and delicate lips, I, a black girl, had curly hair and full, red lips. My nose often had a thin sheet of sweat on it, whatever the weather was. I just wanted to bury myself in my shell crying “I'm so different!”
What also contributed to my self-dislike was my occasional stuttering(口吃), which had weakened my self-confidence. It always stood between me and any fine opportunity. I'd taken it as an excuse to avoid any public speaking sessions, and unknowingly let it rule over me.
Fortunately, as I grew older, there came a turning point. One day a white girl caught my eye on the school bus when she suddenly turned back. To my astonishment, she had a thin sheet of sweat on her nose too, and it was in November! “Wow,” I whispered to myself, “this isn't a genetic(遗传的) disorder after all. It's perfectly normal.” Days later, my life took another twist(转折). Searching the internet for stuttering cures, I accidentally learned that such famous people as Isaac Newton and Winston Churchill also stuttered. I was greatly relieved and then an idea suddenly hit me—if I'm smart, I shouldn't allow my stuttering to stand between me and my success.
Another boost to my self-confidence came days later as I was watching the news about Oprah Winfrey, the famous talkshow host and writer—she's black too! Whenever I think of her story and my former dislike of my color, I'm practically filled with shame.
Today, I've grown to accept what I am with pride; it simply gives me a feeling of uniqueness. The idea of self-love has taken on a whole new meaning for me: there's always something fantastic about us, and what we need to do is learn to appreciate it.
1. What affected the author's adjustment to her school life in Norway
A. Her appearance.　　　B. Social discrimination.
C. Her changing emotions.　　　D. The climate in Norway.
2. What did the author's occasional stuttering bring about according to Paragraph 3
A. Her lack of self-confidence.　　　
B. Her loss of interest in school.
C. Her unwillingness to greet her classmates.　　　
D. Her desire for chances to improve herself.
3. How did the author feel on noticing the similarity between her and the girl on the bus
A. Blessed and proud.　　　B. Confused and afraid.
C. Amazed and relieved.　　　D. Shocked and ashamed.
4. What lesson did the author learn from the cases of Newton and Churchill
A. Great minds speak alike.　　　
B. Stuttering is no barrier to success.
C. Wisdom counts more than hard work.　　　
D. Famous people can't live with their weaknesses.
5. What can best summarize the message contained in the passage
A. Pride comes before a fall.　　　
B. Where there is a will, there is a way.
C. Self-acceptance is based on the love for oneself.　　　
D. Self-love is key to the attainment of self-pride.
Passage 5(2022天津第一次,D) 主题 科学精神
Some scientists insist that once we discover the truth about the world, we are done. Anyone who denies such truths,they suggest, is stupid or ignorant(无知的). Well, no. In science, what we do is both hard and, often, hard to explain. The history of science offers many examples of matters that scientists thought they had resolved,only to discover that these matters needed to be reconsidered. Familiar examples include Earth as the center of the universe and the stability of continents.
Science is a process of learning and discovery,and sometimes we learn that what we thought was right is wrong. To say that science is “true” or “permanent” is like saying that “beauty is absolute.” At best, it's a bit off-key(不恰当的). The concept of beauty today is very different from what it was in ancient Greece or the Middle Ages,and so are most of our “laws” of nature.
Other scientists may say scientific findings are true because they use “the scientific method.” But we can never actually agree on what that method is. Some will say it is observation and description of the world. Others will say it is the use of experience and experiment. Recently a leading scientist said the scientific method was to avoid fooling oneself into thinking something is true that is not.
Each of these views has its value,but if the claim is that any one of these is the scientific method,then they all fail. History and philosophy have shown that the idea of a singular(唯一的)scientific method is unscientific. In fact, the methods of science have varied between disciplines and across time. Scientists have bitterly argued about which methods are the best, and, as we all know, bitter arguments rarely get resolved.
In my view, science is not simple,and neither is the natural world. Our efforts to understand and explain the natural world are just that: efforts. Because we're human, we often fall flat. The good news is that when that happens, we pick ourselves up,brush ourselves off,and get back to work. Understanding the world we live in, and using that knowledge to do useful things, is its own reward.
1. According to Paragraph 1,what is considered as truth in science 　　　.
A. may have lasting value　　　B. may need re-examining
C. should be known to all　　　D. should not be rejected
2. Why does the author mention “beauty” in Paragraph 2
A. To raise a question.　　　B. To make a prediction.
C. To illustrate an idea.　　　D. To propose a solution.
3. What does the author think of the methods of science
A. They shouldn't be used to fool the public.
B. They rely heavily on observation and description.
C. They seldom cause arguments among scientists.
D. They shouldn't be limited to a single method.
4. The last paragraph suggests that in doing science,we should 　　　.
A. keep trying in spite of difficulties　　　B. fight back against others' criticisms
C. give priority to economic rewards　　　D. avoid making the same mistakes
5. What could be the best title for the passage
A. Efforts in Science: Dreaming Big　　　B. Science: Endless Journey to Truth
C. Scientists: Defenders of Science　　　D. Scientific Method: Simple Choice
Passage 6(2021天津第二次,B) 主题 认识自我,丰富自我,完善自我
When people ask me how I started writing, I find myself describing an urgent need that I felt to work with language. Having said that, I did not know for a long time what I was looking for. It was not until I followed this feeling to its source that I discovered I had a passion for writing. With some encouragement from my colleagues, I had one of my poems published. This bit of success, however, was the point where my problem began.
Back in 1978, I had to travel between three different campuses in the morning, teaching freshman composition. Afternoons I spent taking my daughter to her ballet and horse-riding lessons. I composed my lectures on the way, and that was all the thinking time I had. When I returned home, there was not enough of me left for writing after a full working day.
As a way out, I decided to get up two hours before my usual time. My alarm was set for 5:00 A.M. The first day I shut it off because I had placed it within arm's reach. The second day I set two clocks, one on my night table, and one out in the hallway. I had to jump out of bed and run to silence it before my family was awoken. This was when my morning writing began.
Since that first morning in 1978, I have been following the habit to this day, not making or accepting many excuses for not writing. I wrote my poems in this manner for nearly ten years before my first book was published. When I decided to write a novel, I divided my two hours: the first for poetry, the second for fiction. Well or badly, I wrote at least two pages a day. This is how my novel, The Line of the Sun, was finished. If I had waited to have the time, I would still be waiting to write my novel.
What I got out of getting up in the dark to work is the feeling that I am in control. For many people, the initial sense of urgency to create easily dies away because it requires making the tough decision: taking the time to create, stealing it from yourself if it's the only way.
1. What motivated the author to start her writing career
A. Her strong wish to share.　　　B. Her keen interest in writing.
C. Her urgent need to make a living.　　　D. Her passionate desire for fame.
2. What problem did the author face when she decided to begin her writing
A. She was too exhausted to write after a busy day.
B. She had trouble in deciding on her writing style.
C. She had to take time to discipline her daughter.
D. She was unsure about her writing skills.
3. Why did the author place an alarm clock in the hallway
A. In case the clock in her room broke down.
B. In case she failed to hear the ringing.
C. To force herself out of bed.
D. To wake up her family.
4. How did the author manage to finish her novel
A. By sticking to writing every morning.　　　
B. By writing when her mind was most active.
C. By drawing inspirations from classic novels.　　　
D. By reducing her teaching hours at school.
5. What can we learn from the author's success in her writing career
A. It is never too late to change your job.
B. Imaginative ideas die away if not taken in time.
C. A tight schedule is no excuse for lack of action.
D. Daily life provides ideas for creative writing.
Passage 7(2021天津第一次,D) 主题 丰富自我
There is something to be said for being a generalist, even if you are a specialist. Knowing a little about a lot of things that interest you can add to the richness of a whole, well-lived life.
Society pushes us to specialize, to become experts. This requires commitment to a particular occupation, branch of study or research. The drawback to being specialists is we often come to know more and more about less and less. There is a great deal of pressure to master one's field. You may pursue training, degrees, or increasing levels of responsibility at work. Then you discover the pressure of having to keep up.
Some people seem willing to work around the clock in their narrow specialty. But such commitment can also weaken a sense of freedom. These specialists could work at the office until ten each night, then look back and realize they would have loved to have gone home and enjoyed the sweetness of their family and friends, or traveled to exciting places, meeting interesting people. Mastering one thing to the exclusion (排除) of others can hold back your true spirit.
Generalists, on the other hand, know a lot about a wide range of subjects and view the whole with all its connections. They are people of ability, talent, and enthusiasm who can bring their broad perspective (视角) into specific fields of expertise (专长). The doctor who is also a poet and philosopher is a superior doctor, one who can give so much more to his patients than just good medical skills.
Things are connected. Let your expertise in one field fuel your passions in all related areas. Some of your interests may not appear to be connected but, once you explore their depths, you discover that they are. My editor Toni, who is also a writer, has edited several history books. She has decided to study Chinese history. Fascinated by the structural beauty of the Forbidden City as a painter, she is equally interested to learn more about Chinese philosophy. “I don't know where it will lead, but I'm excited I'm on this pursuit.”
These expansions into new worlds help us by giving us new perspectives. We begin to see the interconnectedness of one thing to another in all aspects of our life, of ourselves and the universe. Develop broad, general knowledge and experience. The universe is all yours to explore and enjoy.
1. To become a specialist, one may have to 　　　.
A. narrow his range of knowledge　　　B. avoid responsibilities at work
C. know more about the society　　　D. broaden his perspective on life
2. The specialists mentioned in Paragraph 3 tend to 　　　.
A. treasure their freedom　　　B. travel around the world
C. spend most time working　　　D. enjoy meeting funny people
3. According to the author, a superior doctor is one who 　　　.
A. is fully aware of his talent and ability　　　B. is a pure specialist in medicine
C. should love poetry and philosophy　　　D. brings knowledge of other fields to work
4. What does the author intend to show with the example of Toni
A. Passion alone does not ensure a person's success.
B. In-depth exploration makes discoveries possible.
C. Everyone has a chance to succeed in their pursuit.
D. Seemingly unrelated interests are in a way connected.
5. What could be the best title for the passage
A. Be More a Generalist than a Specialist 　　　B. Specialist or Generalist:Hard to Decide
C. Turn a Generalist into a Specialist　　　D. Ways to Become a Generalist
Passage 8(2020天津第二次,C) 主题 科技发展与技术创新
For people who are interested in sound, the field of sound technology is definitely making noise. In the past, sound engineers worked in the back rooms of recording studios, but many of today's sound professionals are sharing their knowledge and experience with professionals in other fields to create new products based on the phenomenon we call sound.
Sound can be used as a weapon. Imagine that a police officer is chasing a thief. The thief tries to escape. And the officer can't let him get away. He pulls out a special device, points it at the suspect, and switches it on. The thief drops to the ground. This new weapon is called a Long Range Acoustic Device(LRAD, 远程定向声波发射器). It produces a deafening sound so painful that it temporarily disables a person. The noise from the LRAD is directed like a ray of light and travels only into the ears of that person, but it is not deadly.
For those who hunger for some peace and quiet, sound can now create silence. Let's say you are at the airport, and the little boy on the seat next to you is humming(哼唱) a short commercial song. He hums it over and over again, and you are about to go crazy. Thanks to the Silence Machine, a British invention, you can get rid of the sound without upsetting the boy or his parents. One may wonder how the Silence Machine works. Well, it functions by analyzing the waves of the incoming sound and creating a second set of outgoing waves. The two sets of waves cancel each other out. Simply turn the machine on, point it at the target, and your peace and quiet comes back.
Directed sound is a new technology that allows companies to use sound in much the same way spotlights(聚光灯) are used in the theater. A spotlight lights up only one section of a stage; similarly, a “spotsound” creates a circle of sound in one targeted area. This can be useful for businesses such as restaurants and stores because it offers a new way to attract customers. Restaurants can offer a choice of music along with the various food choices on the menu, allowing customers more control over the atmosphere in which they are dining. Directed sound is also beginning to appear in shopping centers and even at homes.
1. What could be inferred from Paragraph 2 about the effect of the LRAD
A. It causes temporary hearing loss.　　　B. It slows down a running man.
C. It makes it easy to identify a suspect.　　　D. It keeps the suspect from hurting others.
2. The Silence Machine is a device specially designed to 　　　.
A. silence the people around you　　　B. remove the sound of commercials
C. block the incoming sound waves　　　D. stop unwanted sound from affecting you
3. What feature do spotsounds and spotlights share
A. They travel in circles.　　　
B. They clear the atmosphere.
C. They can be transformed into energy.　　　
D. They can be directed onto a specific area.
4. Directed sound can be used for 　　　.
A. creative designs of restaurant menus　　　B. ideal sound effects on the theater stage
C. different choices of music for businesses　　　D. strict control over any suspicious customer
5. What does the passage focus on
A. How professionals invented sound products.　　　
B. Inventions in the field of sound technology.
C. The growing interest in the study of sound.　　
D. How sound engineers work in their studios.
Passage 9(2020天津第一次,D) 主题 历史与文化
Studying a subject that you feel pointless is never a fun or easy task. If you're studying history, asking yourself the question “why is history important” is a very good first step. History is an essential part of human civilization. You will find something here that will arouse your interest, or get you thinking about the significance of history.
History grounds us in our roots. History is an important and interesting field of study, and learning the history of our home country can give us a deeper, more meaningful glimpse (一瞥) into our ancestral pasts, and how we got to where we are today. Many people feel like they need a sense of cultural belonging, which is something that studying your roots and being open-minded to the evolution of your culture can provide.
History enriches our experience. Reading history is an amazing experience because it enables us to reflect on the social and economic life of the people living long time ago. According to the experts, problems faced by people regardless of the past and present are the same. With the information about the ancestors, one can become more experienced in handling challenges of life.
History makes us more empathetic (具有共情能力的). Studying history can give us insight (洞察力) into why our culture does certain things, and how the past has shaped it into what we know now. It also provides a rather strong foundation for empathy across cultures. Fear and hate for others is usually caused by ignorance (无知). We're scared of the things that we don't understand. History has the potential to break down those boundaries by offering us insight into entire worlds that would otherwise be foreign to us.
History can inspire us to learn more. What's fantastic about history is the way it broadens our horizons. It's almost impossible to learn about one historical period without having dozens of questions about related concepts. Study the 19th century England, and you might catch a glimpse of Charles Dickens' Oliver Twist. Look up Charles Dickens, and you might learn a thing or two about realism. Or maybe you end up switching your attention away from novels, and discover the history of romantic poets in England. It can go anywhere, and there is something in there for absolutely anybody.
The value of history cannot be underestimated. We don't have to live in the past, but we can definitely do better by learning from it and using the lessons learnt to lead more meaningful lives.
1. The underlined part “where we are today” in Para. 2 probably means 　　　.
A. the turning point in our history　　　B. the present state of our nation
C. the location of our homeland　　　D. the total area of our country
2. According to the experts, why is history useful for people to handle challenges of life
A. The problems at present are similar to those in the past.
B. Ancient people laid economic foundations for people today.
C. The current challenges of life were predicted by the ancestors.
D. People living long time ago knew more about how to solve problems.
3. What can be concluded from Para. 4
A. It is difficult to get rid of cultural barriers.
B. People are willing to accept foreign cultures.
C. Cultural conflicts in history are difficult to ignore.
D. History helps us improve our cross-cultural awareness.
4. With the example in Para. 5, the writer intends to show that 　　　.
A. Charles Dickens contributes much to British literature
B. Oliver Twist can satisfy our curiosity about romantic poets
C. reading novels is a way to learn about a historical period
D. studying history can arouse people's interest in other fields
5. What could be the best title for the passage
A. How to Build Cultural Identity　　　B. Why Studying History Matters
C. Know the Past, Know the Present　　　D. History: a Way to Broaden Horizons
其他卷加练
Passage 1(2025全国一,C) 主题 社会热点问题
While safety improvements might have been made to our streets in recent years, transport studies also show declines in pedestrian(行人) mobility, especially among young children. Many parents say there's too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school, so they pack them into the car instead.
Dutch authors Thalia Verkade and Marco te Br mmelstroet are bothered by facts like these. In their new book Movement:How to Take Back Our Streets and Transform Our Lives, they call for a rethink of our streets and the role they play in our lives.
Life on city streets started to change decades ago. Whole neighbourhoods were destroyed to make way for new road networks and kids had to play elsewhere. Some communities fought back. Most famously, a Canadian journalist who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction of her local park. Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor(市长) to champion “New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through.” Similar campaigns occurred in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s as well.
Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car. The number of cars on roads has been increasing rapidly. In Australia we now have over twenty million cars for just over twenty-six million people, among the highest rate of car ownership in the world.
We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through, but we fail to account for the true costs. Do we really recognise what it costs us as a society when children can't move safely around our communities The authors of Movement have it right: it's time to think differently about that street outside your front door.
1. What phenomenon does the author point out in paragraph 1
A. Cars often get stuck on the road.　　　B. Traffic accidents occur frequently.
C. People walk less and drive more.　　　D. Pedestrians fail to follow the rules.
2. What were the Canadian journalist and other campaigners trying to do
A. Keep their cities livable.　　　B. Promote cultural diversity.
C. Help the needy families.　　　D. Make expressways accessible.
3. What can be inferred about the campaigns in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s
A. They boosted the sales of cars.　　　B. They turned out largely ineffective.
C. They won government support.　　　D. They advocated building new parks.
4. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Why the Rush 　　B. What's Next 　　C. Where to Stay 　　D. Who to Blame
Passage 2(2025全国二,D) 主题 社会热点问题
Does your soul die a little every time you throw away unused food Mine does. Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa, where the phrase “there are children starving in Africa” was more of an uncomfortable reminder of fact than a prayer at dinner time.
Food waste is a growing concern in the restaurant, supermarket, and supply chain industries. From technological solutions to educational campaigns, food producers and sellers are looking for ways to use more of what we're already growing. But last month, one popular New York City restaurant tried a different way:It changed its menu to exclusively(专门) offer food that would otherwise be thrown away.
For two weeks in March, Greenwich Village's Blue Hill restaurant was renamed wastED, and served items like fried skate cartilage, a juice pulp burger, and a dumpster diver's vegetable salad. Each dish was tailor-made to raise awareness regarding food waste.
A study by the Food Waste Alliance determined that the average restaurant generates 33 pounds of food waste for every $1,000 in revenue(收入), and of that waste only 15.7% is donated or recycled. Up to 84.3% is simply thrown out. Restaurants like Silo in the UK have experimented with zero-waste systems, but wastED took the concept to its logical conclusion.
It should be noted that none of the items on wastED's menu was technically made from garbage. Instead, all the ingredients(配料) used were examples of meat cuts and produce that most restaurants would never consider serving. Things like kale ribs, fish collars, rejected sweet potatoes, and cucumber butts were all re-appropriated and, with the help of a number of good chefs, turned into excellent cuisine.
Though wastED received enthusiastic reviews, it was designed from the start as a short-lived experiment; Blue Hill has since returned to its regular menu. Nevertheless, it serves as a reminder that there are many ways to address problems of sustainability, and that you can make an amazing meal out of almost anything.
1. What can be inferred about the author's early life
A. He witnessed food shortage.　　　B. He enjoyed the local cuisine.
C. He donated food to Africans.　　　D. He helped to cook at home.
2. Why did Blue Hill carry out the experiment
A. To customize dishes for guests.　　　B. To make the public aware of food waste.
C. To test a food processing method.　　　D. To improve the UK's zero-waste systems.
3. What is paragraph 5 mainly about
A. Why the ingredients were used.　　　B. Which dishes were best liked.
C. What the dishes were made of.　　　D. Where the ingredients were bought.
4. What can we learn about wastED
A. It has ended as planned.　　　B. It is creating new jobs.
C. It has regained popularity.　　　D. It is criticized by top chefs.
Passage 3(2024浙江1月,D) 主题 完善自我
The Stanford marshmallow(棉花糖) test was originally conducted by psychologist Walter Mischel in the late 1960s. Children aged four to six at a nursery school were placed in a room. A single sugary treat, selected by the child, was placed on a table. Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat, they would be given a second treat. Then they were left alone in the room. Follow-up studies with the children later in life showed a connection between an ability to wait long enough to obtain a second treat and various forms of success.
As adults we face a version of the marshmallow test every day. We're not tempted(诱惑)by sugary treats, but by our computers, phones, and tablets—all the devices that connect us to the global delivery system for various types of information that do to us what marshmallows do to preschoolers.
We are tempted by sugary treats because our ancestors lived in a calorie-poor world, and our brains developed a response mechanism to these treats that reflected their value—a feeling of reward and satisfaction. But as we've reshaped the world around us, dramatically reducing the cost and effort involved in obtaining calories, we still have the same brains we had thousands of years ago, and this mismatch is at the heart of why so many of us struggle to resist tempting foods that we know we shouldn't eat.
A similar process is at work in our response to information. Our formative environment as a species was information-poor, so our brains developed a mechanism that prized new information. But global connectivity has greatly changed our information environment. We are now ceaselessly bombarded(轰炸) with new information. Therefore, just as we need to be more thoughtful about our caloric consumption, we also need to be more thoughtful about our information consumption, resisting the temptation of the mental “junk food” in order to manage our time most effectively.
1. What did the children need to do to get a second treat in Mischel's test
A. Take an examination alone.　　　B. Show respect for the researchers.
C. Share their treats with others.　　　D. Delay eating for fifteen minutes.
2. According to paragraph 3, there is a mismatch between 　　　.
A. the calorie-poor world and our good appetites
B. the shortage of sugar and our nutritional needs
C. the rich food supply and our unchanged brains
D. the tempting foods and our efforts to keep fit
3. What does the author suggest readers do
A. Absorb new information readily.　　　B. Be selective information consumers.
C. Use diverse information sources.　　　D. Protect the information environment.
4. Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. Eat Less, Read More　　　B. The Bitter Truth about Early Humans
C. The Later, the Better　　　D. The Marshmallow Test for Grownups
三年模拟
考点基础练
Passage 1(2025天津十二区重点学校联考二,C) 主题 科学探究
　　In a groundbreaking new study, researchers have discovered bottled water sold in stores can contain 10 to 100 times more bits of plastic than previously estimated—nanoplastics(纳米塑料) are so tiny that they cannot be seen under a microscope.
　　At 1,000th the average width of a human hair, nanoplastics are so tiny that they can migrate through the tissues of the digestive tract(消化道) or lungs into the bloodstream, distributing potentially harmful artificial chemicals throughout the body and into cells, experts say.
　　One liter of water—equal to two bottles of standard-sized bottled water—contains an average of 240,000 plastic particles(粒子) from seven types of plastics, of which 90% are identified as nanoplastics and the rest are microplastics, according to the new study.
　　Microplastics are polymer fragments that can range from less than 0.2 inches (about 5 millimeters) down to l/25,000 of an inch (about 1 micrometer). Anything smaller is nanoplastic that must be measured in billionths of a meter.
　　In a new study published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, researchers from Columbia University presented a new technology that can see, count and analyze the chemical structure of nanoparticles in bottled water.
　　Instead of 300 per liter, the team behind the latest study found the actual number of plastic bits in three popular brands of water sold in the United States to be between 110,000 and 370,000, if not higher.
　　“The innovative new techniques presented in the study open the door for further research to better understand the potential risks to human health,” said Jane Houlihan, the research director for Healthy Babies Bright Futures—a nonprofit organization committed to reducing babies' exposures to neurotoxic(毒害神经的) chemicals, who was not involved in the study.
　　“Infants and young children may face the greatest risks, as their developing brains and bodies are often more vulnerable to impacts from toxic exposures,” said Houlihan in an email.
　　Nanoplastics are the most worrisome type of plastic pollution for human health, experts say. That's because the particles can invade individual cells and tissues in major organs, potentially interrupting cellular processes and depositing harmful chemicals such as bisphenols, phthalates, PFAS, and heavy metals.
　　There are things people can do to reduce their exposure to plastics, said Houlihan. “We can avoid consuming foods and drinks in plastic containers. We can wear clothing made from natural fabrics and buy consumer products made from natural materials,” Houlihan said. “We can simply assess the plastic in our daily lives and find alternatives whenever possible.”
1. Where can nanoplastics be found in our body
A. The blood. 　　　B. The lung.
C. The stomach. 　　　D. Almost everywhere.
2. What are the differences between nanoplastics and microplastics
A. Nanoplastics are harmful, while microplastics aren't.
B. Nanoplastics exist in bottled water, while microplastics don't.
C. Nanoplastics can migrate through certain tissues, while microplastics can't.
D. Nanoplastics are relatively smaller, while microplastics are much bigger.
3. Why is Jane Houlihan's statement mentioned in Paragraph 7
A. To add more background information for the new study.
B. To make preparations for the following contents.
C. To provide an objective evaluation of the new study.
D. To encourage readers to focus on the new study.
4. What is the meaning of the underlined word “vulnerable” in the passage
A. Fragile. 　　　B. Optimistic. 　　　C. Emotional. 　　　D. Ignorant.
5. What is the main idea of the passage
A. The discovery of nanoplastics in bottled water.
B. The health risks of nanoplastics in bottled water.
C. The impact of nanoplastics on human health.
D. The importance of reducing plastic use.
Passage 2(2025天津南开“三月高考”,C) 主题 人与动物
Peregrine falcons(游隼) migrate to the Arctic during the spring. They breed(繁殖) during the summer and fly south during the fall. Some falcons journey from as far as Indonesia! Others just travel from northwest Russia to Western Europe. How will climate change affect future populations of peregrines
Each summer for 6 years, researchers visited a different site in the Eurasian Arctic, traveling by boat and camping. Researchers caught peregrine falcons in their nests and equipped them with backpack-style satellite transmitters. Researchers took blood and feather samples from 50 peregrines in total. This was to investigate differences in their genomes(基因组).
To figure out what might happen to their Arctic habitat in the future,researchers used a climate model (a computer program). The model assumed that greenhouse gas emissions(排放物) will continue to rise throughout the 21st century,with a resulting increase in global temperature. Researchers used data from a previous study to work out where the tundra(苔原) would have been in the last ice age. They assumed that peregrines prefer the same habitats that they did thousands of years ago. They also assumed that they will still prefer the same habitats in the future.
Of the 56 peregrines researchers caught,they were able to track 41 birds through at least one migration(迁徙) flight. They tracked 151 complete migration flights in total. Peregrines from different areas followed different flyways. Individual birds tended to stick close to the same route. The results showed that the peregrines took between 14 and 46 days to complete their fall migrations. The length of their flyways varied from 2,280 km up to 11,002 km. On average, they traveled 213 km per day.
The climate model suggests that the winter habitats for peregrines will probably expand northward in the next 50 years—particularly for those wintering in Europe. But the summer habitat in the Arctic tundra will most likely shrink. This may lead to the extinction of some breeding populations.
1. What do we know about peregrine falcons
A. They live in the Arctic all year round.
B. They spend the winter in the south.
C. They don't breed in the Arctic.
D. All peregrine falcons fly to Indonesia every year.
2. What could be inferred from Paragraph 2
A. Researchers caught 50 peregrine falcons and collected samples every year.
B. The researchers fitted each peregrine falcon with a satellite transmitter.
C. Every summer researchers went to a fixed spot to look for peregrines.
D. Researchers spent a lot of time and effort studying peregrine falcons.
3. Why did the researchers use a climate model
A. To evaluate the data that was collected.
B. To work out where the tundra will be in the future.
C. To measure greenhouse gas emissions throughout the 21st century.
D. To make certain what might happen to the future habitat of peregrines in the Arctic.
4. What does Paragraph 4 mainly tell us
A. Peregrine falcons' migration route.
B. Migration time and distance of peregrine falcons.
C. Behavior and patterns of peregrine falcons during migration.
D. Individual and group migration habits of peregrine falcons.
5. What could be the best title for the passage
A. How Will Climate Change Affect Arctic Birds
B. The Migration of Peregrine Falcons
C. The Factors That Affect Peregrine Falcons' Life
D. Future Climate Change in the Arctic
Passage 3(2025天津部分区质量调查二,C) 主题 科学研究
　　Why do some dreams seem to follow us Maybe you've dreamed of flying like a bird since childhood, or recently revisited a particular place while asleep. Or perhaps a bad day at work still brings about exam nightmares, even though you're no longer a student.
　　You're not alone. Recurring (重复出现的) dreams are surprisingly common, with research showing that up to 75 percent of adults experience at least one during their lifetime. These dreams may repeat in nearly identical forms or feature recurring themes, places, or characters with different backdrops. This makes them distinct from nightmares caused by post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD,创伤后应激障碍), which tend to focus on specific memories with little variation. Experts are still unsure why we have recurring dreams, but studies are uncovering patterns in their content and causes.
　　Research suggests that recurring dreams are often negative. A 2022 study by Michael Schredl found that two-thirds of adults described their recurring dreams as “negatively toned”, involving situations like being chased or failing in something. Positive recurring dreams, by contrast, often involve flying or discovering new places. The reason for the frequency of negative dreams isn't fully understood. Schredl believes dreams blow up emotions or situations from our waking life. A small worry can become a larger fear in a dream, though the connection isn't always clear.
　　Psychology offers further insight. People tend to focus more on negative thoughts and emotions. During sleep, parts of the brain associated with logic are less active, while emotional regions become more engaged, which can cloud the distinction between thoughts and feelings.
　　Negative recurring dreams are normal and manageable. Experts suggest techniques like imagery rehearsal therapy, where people reimagine their nightmares with positive endings, and maintaining healthy sleep habits—like keeping a consistent sleep schedule, limiting screen use, and avoiding caffeine or alcohol before bed—can help reduce their frequency.
1. What is the key difference between recurring dreams and PTSD-related nightmares
A. Recurring dreams follow fixed patterns and identical backgrounds.
B. Recurring dreams always feature ordinary figures or characters.
C. Recurring dreams involve varied situations or backdrops.
D. Recurring dreams focus on specific traumatic memories.
2. According to the 2022 study, which of the following dreams is likely to happen more frequently
A. Dreams of discovering a new cave. 　　　B. Dreams of winning a lottery.
C. Dreams of reuniting with loved ones. 　　　D. Dreams of losing a match.
3. How do emotional brain regions function during sleep
A. They generate new insights and creative ideas.
B. They promote logical and rational decision-making.
C. They help separate thoughts from emotions more clearly.
D. They become more active and dominate logical regions.
4. Which strategy is suggested for reducing negative recurring dreams
A. Consuming caffeine before bed to improve sleep quality.
B. Staying up and playing phone games to avoid dreaming.
C. Revising dreams positively and improving sleep habits.
D. Avoiding all forms of emotional expression during the day.
5. What may be the best title of the passage
A. Recurring dreams: causes and management
B. How to deal with recurring dreams successfully
C. PTSD-related nightmares: causes and effects
D. How to control emotions after negative dreams
Passage 4(2025天津河西质量调查一,D) 主题 完善自我
Life is often compared to a journey filled with twists and turns, highs and lows. This metaphor, while clichéd(老生常谈), holds a profound truth:the path we take is rarely straight, and the lessons we learn along the way shape who we become. I was reminded of this during a recent trip to the mountains, where the physical challenges of the hike mirrored the emotional and intellectual struggles I had been facing.
The trail was steep and tough, with sections that seemed almost insurmountable(不可逾越的). As I climbed, my legs burned, and my breath grew short. There were moments when I wanted to turn back, to retreat to the comfort of the familiar. But something inside me urged me to press on, to see what lay beyond the next bend. It was in these moments of doubt and exhaustion that I began to reflect on the nature of perseverance.
Perseverance, I realized, is not just about pushing through physical pain or mental exhaustion. It is about maintaining a sense of purpose, even when the destination is unclear. It is about trusting that the effort we put in will eventually yield results, even if those results are not immediately visible. This lesson was not new to me, but experiencing it in such a real way brought it into sharper focus.
As I continued my climbing, I noticed how the landscape changed with each step. The dense forest gave way to open meadows, and the air grew cooler. The higher I climbed, the more expansive the view became. It was a powerful reminder that perspective is everything. What seems like an insurmountable obstacle from one point can appear entirely different from another. This shift in perspective can be transformative, allowing us to see challenges not as roadblocks but as opportunities for growth.
By the time I reached the summit, I was exhausted but excited. The view from the top was breathtaking, a reward for the effort it had taken to get there. But more than the view, it was the journey itself that left a lasting impression. The climb had taught me valuable lessons about resilience(适应力), perspective, and the importance of staying the course, even when the path is difficult.
Life, like the mountain trail, is full of challenges that test our limits and push us to grow. It is through these challenges that we discover our strength and resilience. And while the journey may be difficult, the lessons we learn and the perspectives we gain make it all worthwhile.
1. What is the main theme of the passage
A. The physical challenges of hiking.
B. The importance of perseverance and perspective in life.
C. The beauty of mountain landscapes.
D. The rewards of reaching the summit.
2. What does the narrator realize about perseverance during the hike
A. It is only about physical endurance.
B. It requires avoiding all obstacles.
C. It is unnecessary when the destination is clear.
D. It involves maintaining a sense of purpose and trusting the process.
3. How does the narrator's perspective change during the climb
A. He sees challenges as opportunities for growth.
B. He realizes the journey is not worth the effort.
C. He becomes more focused on the destination.
D. He decides to turn back and give up.
4. What does the narrator find most rewarding about reaching the summit
A. The physical view from the top.
B. The lessons learned during the journey.
C. The opportunity to rest and relax.
D. The chance to take photographs.
5. What does the passage suggest about life's challenges
A. They should be avoided at all costs.
B. They are best faced with the help of others.
C. They are opportunities for growth and self-discovery.
D. They are easier to overcome with a clear destination.
Passage 5(2024天津河西质量调查二,B ) 主题 体育活动
Standing at the finish line, 70-year-old Bob Long spent a while reflecting on the achievement he'd just made. Behind him was the wild, endless Mongolian grassland extending into the distance. This American had just become the oldest person ever to complete and win the Mongol Derby, the world's longest horse race.
Long, a rider all his life, entered the race after being inspired by All the Wild Horses, a documentary based on the grueling event.
Fearing that he wouldn't be able to complete it, he set about preparing his mind and body for “the hardest, toughest, most demanding thing you can do on a horse”, an annual 1000-kilometer race that was recognized as the world's longest horse race by Guinness World Records in 2011. He confirmed his belief that preparation can surpass youth, as some of the other riders were less prepared.
Although Long had been riding horses for many years, the hardship and uncertainty of the task pushed him to his limit and forced him to depend entirely on his own will. The race organizers had provided an extensive support network to keep an eye on the participants from afar. Despite that, the physical strain of riding such a long distance made simple things like squatting(蹲) down at the end of the day almost impossible.
Along the vast race course there were unpredictable circumstances beyond Long's control, however well prepared he'd been. Weather was one of them, which could switch from heavy rain to burning heat unexpectedly.
Above all else, the biggest obstacle was the state of mind. Without a living soul in sight, Long was desperate for interaction, guidance, and comfort. This feeling of loneliness accounted for his hope that one of his fellow competitors would catch up.
Regardless of the hardship, Long felt a sort of spiritual adventure while traveling through the wilderness. He was provided with some memorable moments while connecting with nature. He also grew to love the country and the communities along the route.
Still holding a passion for riding, Long never dismisses the idea of competing in another Mongol Derby.
1. What distinguished Bob Long from other competitors in the Mongol Derby
A. He rode the whole race course alone.
B. He completed the toughest part of the course.
C. He was the oldest participant in the horse race.
D. He was most likely to enter the competition again.
2. What does the underlined word “grueling” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Tough but rewarding.　　　B. Difficult and exhausting.
C. Comfortable and pleasant.　　　D. Romantic but time-consuming.
3. What was the biggest challenge that Long faced during the race
A. The changeable weather.　　　
B. The mental state in the course.
C. The difficulty in finding the right route.　　　
D. The physical strain of riding a long distance.
4. What is the text mainly about
A. An introduction to the Mongol Derby.
B. A review of a film based on the longest horse race.
C. The experience of the Mongol Derby's oldest winner.
D. The preparations before a long and difficult horse race.
5. What is the best title for the text
A. Competing in the Mongol Derby　　　B. All the Wild Horses
C. Guinness World Records　　　D. Endless Mongolian Grassland
综合提升练
Passage 6(2025天津和平质量调查一,C) 主题 人与动物
Making decisions under uncertainty is a problem we all face. Imagine you are looking for a parking spot at a crowded event. You find one far from your destination. Do you decide to take it, or invest more time into hunting for a better spot which may or may not exist
You might resolve this decision by “budgeting”: limiting the resources (time) you will spend looking for a better option. This strategy allows us to cut our losses when things don’t turn out as we hoped. In our research, we show how weaver ants (织叶蚁)—much like humans—budget their investment into a task with an uncertain payoff.
Weaver ants link their bodies together to form bridge-like structures called “hanging chains”, which they use for crossing gaps they encounter. Building a chain comes at a cost to the colony(蚁群). Ants in the chain can't participate in important colony tasks such as defending the nest and searching for food. The cost of the chain is proportional(成比例的) to its length: longer chains are more costly, as they keep more ants occupied.
Chains provide a major benefit too: they allow ants to explore areas that would otherwise be inaccessible, which may offer food sources to the colony. Whether an area contains a profitable resource, however, is unknown to the ants. This means the colony must invest capital (a number of ants) into forming a chain which may or may not pay off.
We expected ants would stop forming a chain when the gap to be bridged became too tall, as the cost would become too great. We initially challenged ants to bridge vertical gaps of 25mm, 35mm and 50mm in height. Ants could comfortably form chains within this range, which allowed us to precisely determine the rules they use to build chains. We found ants decide how long to stay in a chain by visually assessing their distance from the ground below. The closer to the ground, the longer an ant remains in the chain.
Can this predict a distance beyond which ants stop forming chains We answered this question using a mathematical model, which predicted ants should stop forming chains when the gap is taller than 89mm. We challenged ants to form chains over gaps of 110mm, well beyond the distance predicted by our model. As expected, the ants never formed chains over these gaps.
Similar to when we set ourselves a time limit for finding parking, ants set a distance limit by budgeting before giving up.
1. According to the passage, what does the word “investment” refer to in Paragraph 2
A. Time spent in building chains.　　　B. Number of ants occupied in the work.
C. Courage to explore the unknown bravely.　　　D. Resources for gathering food.
2. What do we know about hanging chains
A. Ants prefer short chains for efficiency.
B. Ants can't build chains over large gaps.
C. The building of chains requires a sacrifice of its colony work.
D. Ants make use of chains only in the cases of emergency.
3. What message does paragraph 4 convey mainly
A. The benefits of chains for weaver ants outweigh their costs.
B. Chains are the only way for weaver ants to access food sources.
C. Chains allow ants to access areas where food is guaranteed to be found.
D. Ants will still invest in forming chains, though uncertainly profitable.
4. In what way are ants similar to humans
A. They are very good at problem-solving.
B. They budget resources when making decisions.
C. They seek similar food sources.
D. They often work alone in tasks.
5. What can be concluded from the passage
A. Ants act randomly when making decisions.
B. Ants follow strict rules without flexibility.
C. Ants make decisions based on visual assessment.
D. Ants are less efficient than humans.
6. What could be the best title for the passage
A. Ant Behavior in Food Search　　　B. How to Make Decisions
C. Budgeting in Weaver Ants　　　D. The Structure of Ant Chains
Passage 7(2025天津塘沽一中一模,D) 主题 正确的人生态度
Some people think that success is only for those with talent or those who grow up in the right family, and others believe that success mostly comes down to luck. I'm not going to say luck, talent, and circumstances don't come into play because they do. Some people are born into the right family while others are born with great intelligence, and that's just the reality of how life is.
However, to succeed in life, one first needs to set a goal and then gradually make it more practical. And, in addition to that, in order to get really good at something, one needs to spend at least 10,000 hours studying and practicing. To become great at certain things, it'll require even more time,time that most people won't put in.
This is a big reason why many successful people advise you to do something you love. If you don't enjoy what you do, it is going to feel like unbearable pain and will likely make you quit well before you ever become good at it.
When you see people exhibiting some great skills or having achieved great success, you know that they have put in a huge part of their life to get there at a huge cost. It's sometimes easy to think they got lucky or they were born with some rare talent, but thinking that way does you no good, and there's a huge chance that you're wrong anyway.
Whatever you do, if you want to become great at it, you need to work day in and day out, almost to the point of addiction, over a long period of time. If you're not willing to put in the time and work, don't expect to receive any rewards. Consistent hard work won't guarantee you the level of success you may want, but it will guarantee that you will become really good at whatever it is you put all that work into.
1. Paragraph 1 mainly talks about 　　　.
A. the reasons for success　　　B. the meaning of success
C. the standards of success　　　D. the importance of success
2. In Paragraph 2, the underlined word “that” refers to 　　　.
A. being good at something　　　B. setting a practical goal
C. putting in more time　　　D. succeeding in life
3. Successful people suggest doing what one loves because 　　　.
A. work makes one feel pain　　　B. one tends to enjoy his work
C. one gives up his work easily　　　D. it takes a lot of time to succeed
4. What can we infer from Paragraph 4
A. Successful people like to show their great skills.
B. People sometimes succeed without luck or talent.
C. People need to achieve success at the cost of life.
D. It helps to think that luck or talent leads to success.
5. What is the main theme of the passage
A. Having a goal is vital to success.
B. Being good is different from being great.
C. One cannot succeed without time and practice.
D. Luck, talent and family help to achieve success.
Passage 8(2025天津河北质量检测一,D) 主题 社会进步
Progress is something that everyone looks forward to, whether in personal life or in society. It represents our ability to change and improve the way we live. Progress is often linked to better ways of doing things. However, this idea of progress holds true only if we embrace technology and continuously seek more efficient ways of doing things.
Yet, for many people, especially those who long for the “good old days”, progress inevitably comes with sacrifices. With the rise of new technology, eficiency has greatly munication, for example, has become much more efficient. Today, people can connect with each other instantly, no matter where they are in the world. With just a click of a button, we can talk or even see each other without leaving our homes. Personal visits, where we spend time together in real life, have become less common. With mobile phones and tablets, people often no longer make the effort to visit friends and family in person, even though face-to-face interactions hold unique value in building closer relationships.
Another area where progress brings both benefits and challenges is in mass production. Factories today are much more efficient, thanks to machines and automation. This has allowed goods to be produced in large quantities with greater accuracy than human hands could ever achieve. However, the downside is that this efficiency often comes at the cost of the “personal touch”. Many items that were once handcrafted are now produced in factories. While mass production allows supply to meet demand quickly, it often leads to a decrease in quality. Handcrafted items, for example, are un