2026年1.18号中考英语阅读之时事文章每日一练（含解析）

2026年中考时文阅读
Passage
A new policy to encourage people to replace old goods with new ones has drawn wide attention across the country. The National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Finance have jointly issued an updated plan for the "trade-in for new" program in 2026, aiming to boost consumption and promote green development.
Under the new policy, home appliances that meet the Level 1 energy efficiency standard will get higher subsidies. For cars, the subsidy rate is set between 6% and 12%, with a maximum of 20,000 yuan per vehicle. What’s more, some new types of consumer goods, such as smart glasses, are included in the subsidy list for the first time. This move is expected to not only help people save money but also push the market to produce more energy-saving and high-tech products.
At the same time, China’s railway system is making travel more comfortable. Starting from February 1, the "quiet carriage" service will be expanded to more than 8,000 bullet trains, covering major lines like Beijing-Shanghai and Beijing-Guangzhou. Passengers can choose to buy tickets for quiet carriages voluntarily. In these carriages, there are clear signs reminding people to keep quiet, and the broadcast system will only make necessary announcements. This service is well received by travelers, especially those who want to rest or work during the trip.
In the field of science and technology, Chinese researchers have achieved a breakthrough in chip cooling. A team from Xi’an University of Electronic Science and Technology has developed a new type of interface thermal material. This material can reduce the thermal resistance of chips to one-third of the original level, and increase the output power by 30% to 40%. It solves a world-class problem in chip heat dissipation, which is of great importance for the development of high-performance chips in China.
These events show that China is making continuous efforts to improve people’s lives and develop its technology. As the country moves forward, such policies and achievements will bring more benefits to the public and drive the whole society to make progress.
Questions (5 Multiple Choices)
What is the purpose of the new "trade-in for new" policy
A. To reduce the price of all consumer goods.
B. To boost consumption and promote green development.
C. To encourage people to buy more expensive products.
D. To help companies sell more old goods.
Which of the following is NEWLY included in the subsidy list
A. Level 1 energy efficiency home appliances.
B. Cars with high fuel consumption.
C. Smart glasses.
D. Old furniture.
When will the "quiet carriage" service be expanded to more trains
A. On January 18.
B. On February 1.
C. On March 1.
D. On January 1.
What does the underlined word "breakthrough" mean in Paragraph 4
A. Failure.
B. Progress.
C. Problem.
D. Plan.
What can we learn from the passage
A. The "quiet carriage" service is not popular among travelers.
B. The new chip cooling material has no practical use.
C. China is making efforts to improve people’s lives and develop technology.
D. The car subsidy is up to 10,000 yuan per vehicle.
Key Words & Phrases (中考核心词汇)
trade-in for new 以旧换新（中考热点短语，政策类阅读常考）
subsidy (n.) 补贴；补助金（高频名词，动词形式：subsidize）
energy efficiency 能效；能源效率（环保类核心搭配）
voluntarily (adv.) 自愿地（副词，形容词形式：voluntary）
announcement (n.) 公告；通知（动词形式：announce）
breakthrough (n.) 突破（科技类阅读高频词，搭配：make a breakthrough）
thermal material 散热材料（科技类术语，结合上下文理解）
thermal resistance 热阻（专业词汇，阅读中可忽略具体含义，关注功能）
output power 输出功率（科技类核心搭配）
dissipation (n.) 消散；散热（动词形式：dissipate）
boost (v.) 促进；推动（同义替换：promote, increase）
issue (v.) 发布；发行（高频动词，搭配：issue a policy）
expand (v.) 扩大；扩展（动词，名词形式：expansion）
cover (v.) 覆盖；包括（多义词，中考重点考查）
achieve (v.) 实现；取得（高频动词，名词形式：achievement）
Answer: B
解析：根据第一段第二句“...aiming to boost consumption and promote green development.”可知，新政策的目的是促进消费和推动绿色发展。A选项“降低所有消费品价格”、C选项“鼓励购买更贵产品”、D选项“帮助公司销售更多旧商品”均与原文不符。本题考查细节定位，解题关键是锁定“purpose”对应原文“aiming to”。
Answer: C
解析：由第二段第三句“What’s more, some new types of consumer goods, such as smart glasses, are included in the subsidy list for the first time.”可知，智能眼镜首次被纳入补贴清单。A选项“一级能效家电”是原有补贴项目；B、D选项文中未提及。本题考查细节理解，注意“for the first time”的关键提示。
Answer: B
解析：根据第三段第二句“Starting from February 1, the 'quiet carriage' service will be expanded to more than 8,000 bullet trains...”可知，静音车厢服务将于2月1日扩展。A、C、D选项时间均错误。本题考查时间细节，直接定位原文日期即可。
Answer: B
解析：结合第四段内容，团队研发出新型散热材料，解决了世界级难题，可知“breakthrough”表示“突破；进展”。A（失败）、C（问题）、D（计划）均不符合语境。本题考查词义猜测，通过后文“solves a world-class problem”可推断词义。
Answer: C
解析：文章最后一段第一句“These events show that China is making continuous efforts to improve people’s lives and develop its technology.”明确指出中国正持续努力改善民生、发展科技。A选项“不受欢迎”与原文“well received”矛盾；B选项“无实际用途”与“of great importance”矛盾；D选项“最高1万元”与原文“20,000 yuan”不符。本题考查主旨归纳，解题需结合全文核心内容。
中考作文高频句式 (政策/科技/生活类话题适配)
A new policy to encourage trade-in for new has drawn wide attention across the country.（一项鼓励以旧换新的新政策在全国引起广泛关注。——开头引入政策类话题）
The new subsidy plan will not only help people save money but also push the market to produce more green products.（新的补贴计划不仅能帮助人们省钱，还能推动市场生产更多绿色产品。——介绍政策意义，环保类写作通用）
Starting from February 1, the quiet carriage service will be expanded to more bullet trains, making travel more comfortable.（从2月1日起，静音车厢服务将扩展至更多动车，让出行更舒适。——描述便民措施，生活类话题常用）
Chinese researchers have made a breakthrough in chip cooling, solving a world-class problem.（中国研究人员在芯片散热领域取得突破，解决了一个世界级难题。——介绍科技成就，科技类写作核心句式）
As China makes continuous efforts to improve people’s lives, we will enjoy a better future.（随着中国持续努力改善民生，我们将迎来更美好的未来。——结尾展望，升华主题）