（期末培优卷）期末素养提升培优卷-2025 - 2026学年八年级上册英语鲁教版（五四学制）（含答案解析）
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| 名称 | （期末培优卷）期末素养提升培优卷-2025 - 2026学年八年级上册英语鲁教版（五四学制）（含答案解析） |
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| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
| 版本资源 | 鲁教版（五四学制） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2026-01-23 00:00:00 | ||
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/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年八年级上册英语鲁教版（五四学制）
期末素养提升培优卷
注意事项：
本试卷满分120分；考试时间100分钟。
2．答卷前、考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在指定位置。
3．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸上的非答题区域均无效。
4．非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在对应的答题区域内，写在试卷、草稿纸上的非答题区域均无效。
5．考试结束后，请将试卷交回。
Ⅰ. 选择填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从每小题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
1．—In some urgent situations, it might be okay to break the rules.
—________, but breaking rules can have very bad effects.
I can’t agree with you B．Never mind
C．That’s all right D．I understand your point
2．— John, you ________ the computer game for two hours. It’s bad for your eyes.
—OK, Mum. I’ll finish it soon.
A．were playing B．have played C．played D．play
3．—What a lovely dog! How long ________ you ________ it
—For one week. My aunt ________ it to me as a gift last week.
A．have; had; gave B．did; buy; gave C．have; bought; gave D．did; have; gives
4．The little girl ________ a story book when the ground shook very hard.
A．is reading B．read C．was reading D．reads
5．Digital technology has made our life ________ than it was ten years ago.
A．convenient B．more convenient
C．most convenient D．the most convenient
6．For me, walking around Dali Ancient Town in Yunnan is one of ________ things to do.
A．relaxing B．more relaxing C．the more relaxing D．the most relaxing
7．When winter comes, the fog (雾) often becomes so ________ that we can’t see distant buildings clearly, and we need to walk slowly on the street.
A．thick B．slim C．thin D．scared
8．My sister Helen________ traditional Chinese painting online since last year.
A．learns B．learned C．will learn D．has learned
9．Haituo Mountain is _________ mountain in Yanqing.
A．high B．higher C．highest D．the highest
10．—Tom, ________ you turn down the radio, please I’m trying to work.
—No problem.
A．should B．could C．must D．might
11．They ________in the snow when a boy ________over.
A．played; was falling B．were playing; fell
C．were playing; was falling D．played; fell
12．—Pass me the red paper, please. I want to ________ a Chinese character “Fu” and put it on the door.
—Here you are.
A．work out B．cut out C．put out D．come out
13．—How selfish (自私的) of humans to hunt wild animals for fun!
—________. Some people just don’t know how to respect animals.
A．You missed the point B．You said it C．You made it D．You checked it
14．—May I go out to answer the phone, sir
—Don’t go out ________ the meeting is over.
A．until B．while C．so D．after
15．I ________ back in the UK for three days, but it ________ like a century.
A．am; feel B．have been; feels C．have been; feel D．am; felt
Ⅱ. 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
One day, a group of boys were kicking (踢) a ball together. One of them gave the 16 a good hard kick. It flew up high in the air and just into a tree hole. All the boys ran over to the hole to get the ball out. They tried different ways, 17 they couldn’t even touch the ball. They were very 18 .
Then a boy said, “Let’s cut down the tree.”
Some boys 19 and decided to cut down the tree at once.
“Wait,” Wen Yanbo said. “I have a better 20 . Let’s go home and fill all the buckets (桶) at our houses with e back with the full buckets as 21 as we can!”
Hearing this, all the boys 22 home. Soon they came back with buckets of water. Wen Yanbo asked them to 23 the water into the hole. Soon the hole was full of water, and the ball came right up to the top! The boys were very 24 to get the ball back.
Wen Yanbo was so smart when he was just a child. So it’s not surprising that he 25 to become a great person.
16．A．water B．ball C．tree D．house
17．A．but B．so C．though D．until
18．A．cool B．funny C．lucky D．sad
19．A．minded B．agreed C．forgot D．won
20．A．trip B．gift C．idea D．future
21．A．quietly B．quickly C．easily D．happily
22．A．called B．moved C．ran D．left
23．A．pour B．use C．send D．drink
24．A．rich B．glad C．bored D．tired
25．A．got up B．put up C．went up D．grew up
Ⅲ. 阅读理解（共两节，25小题；满分45分）
第一节 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
A
On a summer day, I visited Khiva in Uzbekistan. It is a beautiful city. The city is famous for its history. It was one of the top three Silk Road stops in Uzbekistan.
The most famous place of Khiva is the Itchan Kala, an old town. It has a history of about 2,500 years. Many people describe it as a living museum (博物馆). There are over 50 historical sites. They help visitors learn about the history and culture of Khiva.
I arrived in Khiva in the morning and visited the Itchan Kala first. Visiting it made me feel like a small child. The Itchan Kala was like a labyrinth (迷宫) of streets. It was fun to walk around the streets.
And each time I thought I was on the same road as before, I turned a different corner (拐角). Then I saw a different building. My favourite building was the Tosh Hauli. It had very beautiful rooms. I looked at them for a long time.
People in Khiva are proud of their history and culture. They do a lot to protect them. For example, many people move out of the Itchan Kala and live in other places to protect the old town. And now there is no car in it.
26．From the passage, we know that Khiva ______.
A．was a museum B．looks like a labyrinth
C．was a famous stop on the Silk Road D．has a history of about 5,000 years
27．How did the writer feel when he was in the Itchan Kala
A．Interested. B．Worried. C．Nervous. D．Lonely.
28．What is the right order of what the writer did in the story
①He saw a different building.
②He walked around the streets.
③He arrived in Khiva, a beautiful city.
④He visited an old town, the Itchan Kala.
A．③④①② B．③④②① C．④③①② D．④①②③
29．What is the last paragraph mainly about
A．People’s lives in Khiva.
B．New buildings in Khiva.
C．The most famous place of Khiva.
D．People’s work in protecting Khiva’s history and culture.
30．Why did the writer write the passage
A．To remember his old friends.
B．To share his love for fashion.
C．To talk about his trip in Khiva.
D．To let more people know about his talent.
B
When you think of a rodent (啮齿动物), you may think of a small animal you could pick up and hold. But when it’s a rodent that can weigh as much as an 18-year-old young man, it might be a little difficult to carry!
Capybaras can grow up to 1.4m long and 61cm tall, and weigh up to 65kg. This makes them the world’s largest rodent. They live in South America, but you might see them in other parts of the world too—maybe in some zoos around Japan!
Like other rodents, capybaras have two long front teeth that never stop growing. They’re herbivores—meaning they only eat plants. Eating things like grass helps stop their teeth from growing too big for their mouths!
Capybaras are semi-aquatic animals. It means they live both in water and on land. They love water and their bodies are built for water. They have webbed (有蹼的) feet, and their eyes, ears and nose are on the top of their head. This lets them keep their bodies under water while still seeing what’s around them.
▲ They live with other capybaras in groups of up to 40. They’re also friendly with other animals. In fact, they’re called “nature’s chairs” because sometimes another animal—like a bird or a monkey—may sit on them!
31．What do we know about capybaras
A．They are the largest rodent in the world.
B．They only live in South America or Japan.
C．They are small rodents that humans can easily pick up and hold.
32．Which of the following can’t be capybara’s food
A．Vegetables. B．Fish. C．Water plants.
33．Why can capybaras live both in water and on land
A．They have two long front teeth that never stop growing.
B．They run fast on land with their webbed (有蹼的) feet.
C．They can notice things around them well while in the water.
34．Which can be the best to fill in the blank ▲
A．Capybaras are social animals.
B．Capybaras stay quiet most of the time.
C．Capybaras enjoy spending time with people.
35．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To warn people about the dangers of capybaras.
B．To explain why capybaras are endangered.
C．To introduce interesting facts about capybaras.
C
A long time ago, an official (官员) named Pang Gong from the State of Wei (魏国) was going to the State of Zhao. Before leaving, Pang felt there was still something he needed to tell the King of Wei.
He came to the king and said, “Your Majesty, if someone says a tiger appeared in the market, would you believe it ” The king said, “You must be joking. How could I believe such a thing We haven’t seen a tiger there for many years.”
Pang said, “If two people say there’s a tiger, would you believe it ” The king said no. Pang kept on, “What if three people all come and say there’s a tiger ” The king said, “Then I would believe it.”
Pang said, “Your Majesty, you know that there can’t be a tiger in the market. Just because three people say so, you would believe it. Now I will be away for three years. If some people tell bad stories about me, Your Majesty, can you find the truth then ”
After that, Pang left the State of Wei. As soon as he left, many other officials told the king that Pang Gong was a bad official. Three years later, when Pang came back, the king didn’t want to see him because he had believed the other officials.根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
36．What can we learn from the dialog (对话) between Pang Gong and the king
A．The king might believe others easily.
B．The king loved Pang Gong’s story.
C．Pang Gong believed in the king.
D．Pang Gong wouldn’t come back.
37．What did Pang Gong ask the king to do if people told bad stories about him
A．To find the truth. B．To believe them.
C．To drive them away. D．To kill them.
38．What happened when Pang Gong came back
A．The king welcomed him warmly.
B．The other officials laughed at him.
C．Pang Gong couldn’t see the king.
D．Pang Gong couldn’t be an official.
39．What is the text talking about
A．平步青云 B．三人成虎 C．信口雌黄 D．毛将焉附
40．What does the story want to tell us
A．We need to learn how to talk to others.
B．Don’t talk about others behind their backs.
C．Sometimes we need to work with others as a team.
D．Only by examining (调查) carefully can one know the truth.
D
During the Eastern Han dynasty, Yang Zhen was born in Huayin, Shaanxi Province. When he was young, he learnt from his father Yang Bao and became interested in reading books. He always spent much of his time reading books at home and at school.
At the age of 50, Yang started working as a government officer. He encouraged his family and friends to live a simple life instead of a luxurious (奢侈的) life. He always said no to others’ gifts, because he thought accepting gifts was not right.
One day, Yang met his old workmate Wang Mi on a trip. They had fun talking about their life experiences and good wishes for the nation. In the past, other people didn’t accept Wang’s ability and political ideas. At that time, Yang saw Wang’s talent and promoted (提拔) him. The chance helped Wang to be successful. Wang never forgot Yang’s help and invited him to stay over the night.
At midnight, Wang knocked on the door of Yang’s bedroom. He gave Yang a bag and said in a low voice, “Thank you for teaching me and helping me become who I am today. This bag is for you, sir.” Yang looked at the bag. It was full of gold. “Do I look like a person who gets gifts from others I think you know me well!” Yang said angrily.
“It’s late at night. Now no one will know if we keep it a secret,” said Wang. “What do you mean that no one will know Heaven knows! Earth knows! You know and I know,” said Yang. “You can lie to anyone but your own heart.” After finishing the talk, Yang closed the door and Wang left the room in shame. Wang realized he did something wrong to Yang, so he said sorry to Yang the next morning. Yang accepted it.
41．How old was Yang when he began to work for the government
A．Thirty years old. B．Forty years old.
C．Fifty years old. D．Sixty years old.
42．Why did Wang Mi give Yang Zhen a bag of gold
A．To make Yang live a better life. B．To show thanks for Yang’s help.
C．To ask Yang to help other people. D．To help Yang to take a relaxing trip.
43．In what order did the following happen in the story
a. Wang said sorry to Yang.
b. Wang gave Yang a bag of gold.
c. Yang and Wang met again on a trip.
d. Yang got angry and didn’t take the gold.
e. Yang promoted Wang because of his talent.
f. Wang invited Yang to stay over the night.
A．f→b→e→c→d→a B．f→e→b→d→a→c
C．e→c→f→b→d→a D．e→b→d→a→f→c
44．What did Yang Zhen mean by saying "Heaven knows! Earth knows! You know and I know"
A．He wanted to keep the gold as a secret with Wang Mi.
B．He thought no one would find out if they hid the gold.
C．He believed honesty should not be hidden from one’s own heart.
D．He was afraid that others would discover Wang Mi’s gift.
45．Which of the following best describes Yang
A．Smart but shy. B．Funny and kind.
C．Brave and active. D．Strict and careful.
第二节 短文还原
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并将所选答案涂到答题卡的相应位置上。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Good communication skills are important. They help you with class presentations, job interviews, dealing with arguments and more. Luckily, you can use some skills to improve them and seem more confident and friendly. 46
● First, make eye contact. When you speak or listen, looking at the other person’s eyes makes the talk more successful. 47 It shows you are interested and makes people interested in you too. If you avoid eye contact, others may think you are not paying attention.
● Second, notice your body language. 48 Body language says more than words. An open stance (with arms relaxed by your sides) tells others you are easy to talk to and willing to listen. Crossing your arms, however, may make you seem unfriendly.
● 49 You need to speak well, but also listen to others and talk about what they say. It’s not enough to just speak, listening well is also important. Don’t just wait for them to finish so you can quickly say your own ideas. Instead, nod or say “I see” to show you are following.
● Finally, slow down when you speak. This way, others can easily understand what you are saying. But don’t slow down too much—others might finish your sentences to help you. 50
A．Third, develop good listening skills.
B．Good communication skills can help you grow.
C．Eye contact is a key part of good communication.
D．You should always talk as fast as possible to save time.
E．Speaking at a steady speed helps you sound more confident.
F．Body language can send strong messages to people around you.
G．Here are some useful ways to improve your communication skills.
Ⅳ. 补全对话（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面对话，根据对话内容从下面的七个选项中选择 五个填入空白处，使对话通顺、合理，意思完整。一空一句。
A: Tony, do you like to help your parents with housework
B: No, Judy. 51 It’s a waste of time.
A: Oh But I think teenagers should share housework.
B: 52
A: I think it’s fair to do what you can do when you get older. Since you’re a part of the family, it’s your own duty to clean your room, make your bed, wash and fold your clothes …
B: 53
A: Well, and I believe that doing chores helps to build good habits. The earlier we do it, the better it will be for our future. So, when we live by ourselves someday, we’ll be able to live a happy life.
B: Wow, so it is! I agree with you. 54
A: I do many things, like cleaning up rooms, cooking meals, washing clothes, planting flowers and so on.
B: You are great! 55
A．And what else
B．I hate doing chores.
C．Why do you think so
D．I have no idea how to do it.
E．Um, what chores do you often do
F．How often do you clean your room
G．I have to learn from you from now on.
V. 任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读短文,根据短文内容回答问题。
Peter climbed over the side of the ship and went into a room. He barked like a dog, and all the pirates were very afraid. Hook sent two pirates in to find out what the noise was, but they didn’t come back. Then he sent in the children. Inside, Peter set them free, and they prepared to fight.
Peter ran out to meet Hook. “It is I, Peter Pan!” he cried.
“Get him!” cried Hook.
The pirates ran at Peter, and the lost boys ran forward to fight them. The pirates were stronger, but they were so afraid of the ticking and the noise of the dog that they didn’t fight well. Finally only Captain Hook was ready to fight. Peter came to fight him. For a long time, the two enemies (敌人) stood face to face.
They began to fight. At last Peter hit Hook with his sword. Captain Hook began to bleed. Captain Hook continued to fight, but he was not strong any more. He knew he was going to die. He ran to the side of the ship and jumped into the sea. He didn’t know the crocodile was waiting for him, as it no longer ticked. The crocodile swallowed him in one bite.
—Taken from Peter Pan
56．Why did Peter bark like a dog at the beginning of the story
57．Who did Captain Hook send into the room first to find out the noise
58．What actions did Peter take to trick the pirates (list two)
59．How did the crocodile catch Hook at the end of the story
60．Why do you think it was important for Peter to free the children instead of fighting alone
Ⅵ. 短文填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
Imagine a world without boring chores. You do not have to wash the dirty dishes. You do not have to sweep the floor. A robot 61 (do) it all for you. This sounds like a sci-fi movie, but it is becoming real life very fast.
Robots get 62 (smart) than before. In the past, huge robots were only in big factories. They built cars and heavy machines. Today, robots are moving into our homes. Many 63 (family) already have small round robots to clean their carpets (地毯). Smart speakers can answer 64 (people) questions about the weather, the news or sports.
Now, technology companies 65 (make) robots that look more like humans. These new robots have cameras (照相机) to “see” and microphones to “hear”. They use AI 66 (learn). For example, a robot might learn where you keep your snacks. It can bring you an apple when you are hungry. Some new robots can even help children with 67 (they) homework. They can read stories or help check math problems.
However, there is a big question. If robots do everything for us, is it good for us Some parents worry that children might 68 (become) lazy. If a robot cleans your room every day, you do not learn how to be tidy.
Technology is helpful, but we must use it 69 (careful). Robots can save us time. We can use that extra (额外的) time to play sports, read books or talk with our families. The future is 70 (excite). But we must remember we are still the bosses of our own lives.
Ⅶ. 书面表达（满分15分）
71．题目: Introduce Tianshui to Foreign Friends
内容要求：
1. 地理位置：中国甘肃省东部，丝绸之路之上重要城市。
2. 历史：中华文明的发源地之一。
3. 文化：伏羲文化，举办伏羲祭祀大典；麦积山石窟，为世界文化遗产。
4. 风景：麦积山以秀丽山景和古老石窟著名；天水还有美丽公园和河流，如渭河。
5. 结尾：邀请外国朋友来访。
字数：不少于 80 词
可参考短语：
a key city along the Silk Road
one of the birthplaces of Chinese civilization
famous for Fuxi culture
hold the Fuxi Worship Ceremony
be listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site
enjoy beautiful natural scenery
ancient Buddhist statues and caves
beautiful parks and clear rivers
warmly welcome you to visit
写作结构建议：
1. 开头句：简要介绍天水位置及其重要性。
2. 主体段：分2-3句写历史、文化、风景。
3. 结尾：表达邀请与欢迎。
注意：
1. 使用简单句和连词(如 and, but, because)，保持段落清晰。
2. 短文必须包括所有要点，不要逐词翻译，可适当发挥，使短文连贯、通顺。
3. 短文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。
/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
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参考答案及试题解析
1．D
【解析】句意：——在某些紧急情况下，打破规则可能是可以的。——我理解你的观点，但打破规则可能会有非常糟糕的影响。
考查情景交际用语。I can’t agree with you我不同意你的观点；Never mind没关系；That’s all right没关系/不用谢；I understand your point我理解你的观点。根据答语中“but”后的转折内容可知，说话者先部分认同对方观点，再提出不同看法，因此应先表示理解对方观点。故选D。
2．B
【解析】句意：——约翰，你玩电脑游戏已经两个小时了。这对你的眼睛不好。——好的，妈妈。我很快就结束。
考查现在完成时。根据时间状语“for two hours”可知，动作从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has+过去分词”。主语“you”是第二人称，助动词用“have”，play的过去分词是“played”。故选B。
3．A
【解析】句意：——多可爱的狗啊！你养它多久了？——一周了。我姑姑上周把它作为礼物送给了我。
考查现在完成时和一般过去时。根据答语中“For one week.”可知，此处表示动作从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时结构“have/has+过去分词”。在“How long”引导的特殊疑问句中，谓语动词须用延续性动词。buy是瞬间动词，不能与时间段连用，需用延续性动词have表示“拥有；饲养”。主语you为第二人称，助动词用have，谓语动词过去分词为had。故第一空用have；第二空用had。根据答语中时间状语“last week”可知，第三空处表示过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式gave。故选A。
4．C
【解析】句意：当地面剧烈摇晃时，这个小女孩正在读一本故事书。
考查过去进行时。is reading正在读，现在进行时；read读，一般过去时或动词原形；was reading正在读，过去进行时；reads读，一般现在时第三人称单数。根据从句“when the ground shook very hard”（当地面剧烈摇晃时）可知，“摇晃”是一般过去时，主句动作“读”在“摇晃”发生时正在进行，需用过去进行时。故选C。
5．B
【解析】句意：数字技术使我们的生活比十年前更便利。
考查形容词比较级。convenient便利的；more convenient更便利的；most convenient最便利的；the most convenient最便利的。根据“than”可知，此处需用比较级，且“convenient”是多音节形容词，比较级为“more convenient”。故选B。
6．D
【解析】句意：对我来说，在云南大理古城漫步是最放松的事情之一。
考查形容词最高级。relaxing令人放松的；more relaxing更令人放松的；the more relaxing错误结构；the most relaxing最令人放松的。根据“one of…things”可知，此处是“one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数”结构，表示“最……的事情之一”，需用形容词最高级“the most relaxing”。故选D。
7．A
【解析】句意：当冬天来临时，雾常常变得如此浓，以至于我们看不清远处的建筑物，在街上需要慢慢走。
考查形容词辨析。thick浓的；slim苗条的；thin薄的；scared害怕的。根据“we can’t see distant buildings clearly”可知，雾很浓才会看不清远处。故选A。
8．D
【解析】句意：我妹妹海伦自从去年以来一直在网上学习传统中国画。
考查现在完成时。learns学习，一般现在时；learned学习，一般过去时；will learn将学习，一般将来时；has learned已经学习，现在完成时。根据时间状语“since last year”可知，动作从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时。故选D。
9．D
【解析】句意：海陀山是延庆最高的山。
考查形容词最高级。high高的；higher更高的；highest最高的；the highest最高的。根据句意及“in Yanqing”可知，此处表示在延庆范围内最高，应用最高级形式，且形容词最高级前需加定冠词the。故选D。
10．B
【解析】句意：——汤姆，请你把收音机关小一点好吗？我正想工作呢。——没问题。
考查情态动词辨析。should应该，表示建议或义务；could可以，表示委婉请求；must必须，表示强制命令；might可能，表示可能性。根据“please”可知，这是一个礼貌的请求，应用表示委婉请求的could。Could you…？是常见的礼貌请求句式。故选B。
11．B
【解析】句意：当一个男孩摔倒时，他们正在雪地里玩耍。
考查时态。根据“They...in the snow when a boy...over.”可知，主句动作“在雪地里玩耍”是持续进行的背景动作，应用过去进行时was/were doing；从句动作“一个男孩摔倒”是短暂发生的动作，打断主句动作，应用一般过去时。故选B。
12．B
【解析】句意：——请递给我那张红纸。我想剪出一个汉字“福”并把它贴在门上。——给你。
考查动词短语辨析。work out解决；cut out剪出；put out熄灭；come out出现。根据“a Chinese character ‘Fu’ and put it on the door”可知，此处表示用红纸剪出“福”字，cut out符合“用红纸剪出‘福’字”的语境。故选B。
13．B
【解析】句意：——人类为了取乐而猎杀野生动物是多么自私啊！——你说得对。有些人就是不知道如何尊重动物。
考查情境交际用语。You missed the point你没说到点子上，你没理解重点；You said it你说得对，表示赞同对方的看法；You made it你成功了，你做到了；You checked it你检查过了。根据答语“Some people just don’t know how to respect animals.”可知，答话者赞同对方的观点，应表示同意。故选B。
14．A
【解析】句意：——先生，我可以出去接电话吗？ ——会议结束之前不要出去。
考查连词辨析。until直到；while当……时；so所以；after在……之后。根据“Don’t go out…the meeting is over.”可知，此处是“not…until…”结构，表示“直到……才……”，即“会议结束前不要出去”。故选A。
15．B
【解析】句意：我回到英国已经三天了，但它感觉像是一个世纪。
考查时态及主谓一致。根据“for three days”可知，第一个空表示动作从过去持续到现在，需用现在完成时have been，排除A、D选项；第二个空主语it是第三人称单数，谓语动词需用单数形式feels，排除C选项。故选B。
16．B 17．A 18．D 19．B 20．C 21．B 22．C 23．A 24．B 25．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了童年时期的文彦博，在同伴们因足球掉进树洞、打算砍树取球时，机智地提出“用水灌满树洞让球浮上来”的办法，顺利取回足球的故事。
16．句意：其中一个男孩用力踢了球，球因此飞向高空并掉进树洞。
water水；ball球；tree树；house房子。根据“One of them gave the...a good hard kick.”可知，此处指球。故选B。
17．句意：他们尝试了各种方法，但连球都碰不到。
but但是；so所以；though尽管；until直到。根据“They tried different ways...they couldn’t even touch the ball.”可知，前半句他们尝试了各种方法，后半句他们甚至碰不到球，前后是转折关系。故选A。
18．句意：碰不到球，男孩们都很沮丧。
cool酷的；funny有趣的；lucky幸运的；sad难过的。根据“They were very...”可知，男孩们想尽办法却拿不到球，心情应该是低落的。故选D。
19．句意：一些男孩同意了砍树的提议，决定立刻动手。
minded介意；agreed同意；forgot忘记；won赢得。根据“Some boys...and decided to cut down the tree at once.”可知，有男孩提议我们砍树吧，后一句决定立刻砍树，说明部分男孩赞同这个提议。故选B。
20．句意：文彦博说自己有一个更好的主意。
trip旅途；gift礼物；idea想法；future未来。根据“I have a better...”可知，后面他提出了“灌水取球”的办法，这是一个主意、想法。故选C。
21．句意：让大家尽快装满水，提着水桶回来。
quietly安静地；quickly快地；easily容易地；happily高兴地。根据“Come back with the full buckets as...as we can!”可知，男孩们想尽快拿到球，应该“快速”返回。故选B。
22．句意：听到这个办法，男孩们都跑着回家。
called称呼；moved移动；ran跑；left离开。根据“all the boys...home.”可知，听到文彦博的办法后，男孩们急于装水取球，跑回家能体现他们的急切。故选C。
23．句意：文彦博让大家把水倒进树洞里。
pour倒；use使用；send发送；drink喝。根据“Wen Yanbo asked them to...the water into the hole.”可知，pour...into...“把……倒进……”。故选A。
24．句意：成功拿回球，男孩们都很开心。
rich富有的；glad高兴的；bored无聊的；tired劳累的。根据“The boys were very...to get the ball back.”可知，球浮上来了，男孩们成功拿回球，心情应该是高兴的。故选B。
25．句意：所以他长大后成为伟人一点也不意外。
got up起床；put up张贴；went up上升；grew up长大。根据“So it’s not surprising that he...to become a great person.”可知，前文说文彦博小时候就很聪明，后一句成为伟人是他长大之后的事。故选D。
26．C 27．A 28．B 29．D 30．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在乌兹别克斯坦希瓦古城的旅行经历，介绍了当地的历史文化、著名景点伊钦卡拉，以及当地人为保护历史文化所做的努力。
26．细节理解题。根据文章“It was one of the top three Silk Road stops in Uzbekistan.”可知，希瓦是丝绸之路上的一个著名站点。故选C。
27．推理判断题。根据文章“It was fun to walk around along the streets.”可知，作者在伊钦卡拉古城里逛街道时觉得很有趣，由此可推断作者感到很感兴趣。故选A。
28．篇章结构题。根据文章事件顺序： ③“On a summer day, I visited Khiva in Uzbekistan. It is a beautiful city.” ④“I arrived in Khiva in the morning and visited the Itchan Kala first.” ②“It was fun to walk around the streets.” ①“Then I saw a different building.” 可知顺序为③④②①。故选B。
29．主旨大意题。根据文章“People in Khiva are proud of their history and culture. They do a lot to protect them.”可知，最后一段主要讲述了希瓦人为保护当地历史文化所做的努力。故选D。
30．推理判断题。根据文章开头“On a summer day, I visited Khiva in Uzbekistan.”及全文内容可知，作者写这篇文章是为了分享自己在希瓦的旅行经历。故选C。
31．A 32．B 33．C 34．A 35．C
【导语】本文介绍了世界上最大的啮齿动物——水豚的体型、生活习性、特征等有趣的知识。
31．细节理解题。根据第二段“This makes them the world’s largest rodent.”可知，水豚是世界上最大的啮齿动物。故选A。
32．细节理解题。根据第三段“They’re herbivores—meaning they only eat plants.”可知，水豚是食草动物，不吃鱼。故选B。
33．细节理解题。根据第四段“their eyes, ears and nose are on the top of their head. This lets them keep their bodies under water while still seeing what’s around them.”可知，水豚在水下时也能观察周围情况，因此适合水陆两栖。故选C。
34．推理判断题。根据下文“They live with other capybaras in groups of up to 40.”可知，水豚是群居动物，因此填“水豚是社交动物”最合适。故选A。
35．主旨大意题。全文介绍了水豚的体型、牙齿、食性、水陆适应性及社交性等有趣的事实，目的是介绍这种动物。故选C。
36．A 37．A 38．C 39．B 40．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了“三人成虎”的典故，通过庞恭与魏王的对话，揭示了谣言重复多次就会被当成事实的道理。
36．推理判断题。根据“‘What if three people all come and say there’s a tiger ’ The king said, ‘Then I would believe it.’”可知，魏王容易相信他人的说法。故选A。
37．细节理解题。根据“Now I will be away for three years. If some people tell bad stories about me, Your Majesty, can you find the truth then ”可知，庞恭请求魏王在听到关于自己的坏话时查明真相。故选A。
38．细节理解题。根据“Three years later, when Pang came back, the king didn’t want to see him because he had believed the other officials.”可知，庞恭回来后，魏王不愿意见他。故选C。
39．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章围绕“三人成虎”的典故展开，通过庞恭与魏王的对话和后续事件，完整呈现了这个成语的由来。故选B。
40．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，故事旨在告诉我们只有通过仔细调查才能了解真相，不能轻易相信谣言。故选D。
41．C 42．B 43．C 44．C 45．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了东汉官员杨震拒绝旧部王密深夜赠金的故事。
41．细节理解题。根据“At the age of 50, Yang started working as a government officer”可知，杨震50岁开始做官，故选C。
42．细节理解题。根据“Thank you for teaching me and helping me become who I am today. This bag is for you, sir”可知，王密送金是为感谢杨震的帮助，故选B。
43．细节理解题。根据“At that time, Yang saw Wang’s talent and promoted him.”、“One day, Yang met his old workmate Wang Mi on a trip.”、“Wang never forgot Yang’s help and invited him to stay over the night.”、“He gave Yang a bag and said in a low voice...”、“Yang said angrily.”、“Wang realized he did something wrong to Yang, so he said sorry to Yang the next morning.”可知，故事顺序为：杨震因王密的才能提拔他（e）→二人旅行重逢（c）→王密邀杨震留宿（f）→王密送金（b）→杨震生气拒金（d）→王密道歉（a），故选C。
44．推理判断题。根据“You can lie to anyone but your own heart”可知，杨震这句话的意思是，就算能瞒过所有人，也骗不过自己的良心，体现诚实应发自内心，故选C。
45．推理判断题。结合全文可知，杨震提倡简朴生活、拒绝收受贿赂，面对黄金不为所动，还告诫王密要坚守本心，能看出他律己严格、处事严谨的特点，故选D。
46．G 47．C 48．F 49．A 50．E
【导语】本文主要介绍了四种提高沟通技巧的方法，包括进行眼神交流、注意肢体语言、培养良好的倾听技巧以及放慢语速平稳说话。
46．根据“Luckily, you can use some skills to improve them...”可知，文章开头提出沟通技巧重要且可以通过一些技能来提高，此处需引出下文的具体方法。选项G“以下是一些提高你沟通技巧的有用方法。”符合语境。故选G。
47．根据“First, make eye contact.”可知，第一条建议是关于眼神交流的，空白处应进一步说明眼神交流的重要性。选项C“眼神交流是良好沟通的关键部分。”符合语境。故选C。
48．根据“Second, notice your body language.”可知，第二条建议是关于注意肢体语言的，空白处应是对“注意肢体语言”这一主题的展开。选项F“肢体语言可以向你周围的人传递强烈的信息。”符合语境。故选F。
49．根据“You need to speak well, but also listen to others...”可知，此处为第三条建议的开头，且后文核心是谈论倾听的重要性。选项A“第三，培养良好的倾听技巧。”符合语境。故选A。
50．根据“Finally, slow down when you speak...”可知，最后一条建议是关于放慢语速的，空白处应进一步说明这样做的益处。选项E“以平稳的速度说话有助于你听起来更自信。”符合语境。故选E。
51．B 52．C 53．A 54．E 55．G
【导语】本文是Judy和Tony的对话，围绕青少年是否应该分担家务展开讨论，包含对家务的态度、做家务的意义以及具体家务内容的交流。
51．根据问句“Do you like to help your parents with housework ”以及答语“No”和“It’s a waste of time.”可知，Tony表达了对做家务的反感，选项B“我讨厌做家务”符合语境，故选B。
52．针对Judy提出的“But I think teenagers should share housework.”（青少年应该分担家务）这一观点可推断，Tony接下来询问原因，选项C“你为什么这么认为？”符合语境，故选C。
53．根据“I think it’s fair to do what you can do when you get older. Since you’re a part of the family, it’s your own duty to clean your room, make your bed, wash and fold your clothes”及下文“and I believe that doing chores helps to build good habits”可知，听完Judy阐述做家务的好处后，Tony进一步追问还有什么其他理由，选项A“还有呢？”衔接自然，故选A。
54．根据Judy的答语“I do many things, like cleaning up rooms, cooking meals...”可知，Tony此处是询问Judy常做哪些家务，选项E“嗯，你经常做哪些家务？”符合语境，故选E。
55．听完Judy列举的家务内容后，Tony用“You are great!”表示赞赏并表达了要向对方学习的意愿，选项G“从现在起我必须向你学习”符合语境，故选G。
56．To make the pirates afraid. 57．Two pirates. 58．He barked like a dog and freed the children to help fight. 59．The crocodile was waiting in the sea and swallowed him in one bite. 60．Because he needed their help to fight the pirates, and freeing them showed teamwork and courage.
【导语】本文节选自《彼得·潘》，讲述了彼得利用狗吠声和钟表滴答声吓住海盗，解救孩子们并与胡克船长决斗，最终胡克跳海被鳄鱼吞食的故事。
56．根据第一段“He barked like a dog, and all the pirates were very afraid.”可知，彼得学狗叫是为了吓唬海盗。故填To make the pirates afraid.
57．根据第一段“Hook sent two pirates in to find out what the noise was”可知，胡克船长最先派了两名海盗进去查看声音来源。故填Two pirates.
58．根据第一段“He barked like a dog”和“Inside, Peter set them free, and they prepared to fight.”可知，彼得通过学狗叫和释放孩子们准备战斗来欺骗海盗。故填He barked like a dog and freed the children to help fight.
59．根据最后一段“He ran to the side of the ship and jumped into the sea... The crocodile was waiting for him... The crocodile swallowed him in one bite.”可知，胡克跳海后，等在海水里的鳄鱼一口吞掉了他。故填The crocodile was waiting in the sea and swallowed him in one bite.
60．本题为开放性问题，可从团队合作、分散敌人注意力、增强战斗力等角度回答。故填Because he needed their help to fight the pirates, and freeing them showed teamwork and courage.
61．does 62．smarter 63．families 64．people’s 65．are making 66．to learn 67．their 68．become 69．carefully 70．exciting
【导语】本文探讨了未来机器人可能进入日常生活，承担家务等任务，帮助人类节省时间，同时也提出了对人类可能变得懒惰的担忧，强调人类应谨慎使用技术，保持对生活的掌控。
61．句意：一个机器人会为你做所有的事情。根据“This sounds like a sci-fi movie, but it is becoming real life very fast.”可知，此处描述一种理想化的、即将实现的常态场景，用一般现在时表将来，主语是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式。故填does。
62．句意：机器人比以前更聪明了。根据“than before”可知，此处应用smart的比较级smarter，表示“更聪明的”。故填smarter。
63．句意：许多家庭已经有了小型圆形机器人来清洁他们的地毯。根据“Many”可知，此处应用family的复数形式families，表示“许多家庭”。故填families。
64．句意：智能音箱可以回答人们关于天气、新闻或体育的问题。根据“questions”可知，此处应用people的所有格形式people’s，表示“人们的”。故填people’s。
65．句意：现在，科技公司正在制造看起来更像人类的机器人。根据“Now”可知，此处描述的是现在正在进行的动作，应用现在进行时，结构为“be+动词的现在分词”，主语为复数，be动词用are，make的现在分词为making。故填are making。
66．句意：它们使用人工智能来学习。根据“use AI”可知，此处应用动词不定式to learn作目的状语，表示“为了学习”。故填to learn。
67．句意：一些新机器人甚至可以帮助孩子们做作业。根据“homework”可知，此处应用they的形容词性物主代词their，表示“他们的”。故填their。
68．句意：一些家长担心孩子们可能会变得懒惰。根据“might”可知，此处应用动词原形become，表示“变得”。故填become。
69．句意：技术是有帮助的，但我们必须谨慎使用它。根据“use it”可知，此处应用careful的副词形式carefully修饰动词use，表示“谨慎地使用”。故填carefully。
70．句意：未来是令人兴奋的。根据“is”可知，此处应用excite的形容词形式exciting作表语，表示“令人兴奋的”。故填exciting。
71．例文：
Introduce Tianshui to Foreign Friends
Tianshui is a key city along the Silk Road, located in the eastern part of Gansu Province, China. It is one of the birthplaces of Chinese civilization with a long history.
Tianshui is famous for Fuxi culture and holds the Fuxi Worship Ceremony every year. What’s more, the Maijishan Grottoes here are listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site, with many ancient Buddhist statues and caves. The Maijishan Mountain is also well-known for its beautiful natural scenery. Besides, there are beautiful parks and clear rivers in Tianshui, such as the Weihe River.
We warmly welcome you to visit Tianshui and experience its unique charm.
【解析】【总体分析】
①题材：材料作文
②时态：一般现在时
③提示：围绕天水的地理位置、历史、文化、风景展开介绍，最后表达对外国朋友的邀请，确保覆盖所有内容要点。
【写作步骤】
第一步：用1-2句话介绍天水的地理位置和重要性（如位于甘肃省东部、丝绸之路关键城市）。
第二步：主体部分分句描述历史（中华文明发源地）、文化（伏羲文化和麦积山石窟）和风景（麦积山自然景观及公园河流）。
第三步：结尾用1句话表达热情邀请，呼应主题。
【亮点词汇】
①located in 位于
②be famous for以……而闻名
③unique 独一无二的
【高分句型】
① What’s more, the Maijishan Grottoes here are listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site, with many ancient Buddhist statues and caves.（介词短语with作定语）
② Besides, there are beautiful parks and clear rivers in Tianshui, such as the Weihe River.（there be句型）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年八年级上册英语鲁教版（五四学制）
期末素养提升培优卷
注意事项：
本试卷满分120分；考试时间100分钟。
2．答卷前、考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在指定位置。
3．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸上的非答题区域均无效。
4．非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在对应的答题区域内，写在试卷、草稿纸上的非答题区域均无效。
5．考试结束后，请将试卷交回。
Ⅰ. 选择填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从每小题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
1．—In some urgent situations, it might be okay to break the rules.
—________, but breaking rules can have very bad effects.
I can’t agree with you B．Never mind
C．That’s all right D．I understand your point
2．— John, you ________ the computer game for two hours. It’s bad for your eyes.
—OK, Mum. I’ll finish it soon.
A．were playing B．have played C．played D．play
3．—What a lovely dog! How long ________ you ________ it
—For one week. My aunt ________ it to me as a gift last week.
A．have; had; gave B．did; buy; gave C．have; bought; gave D．did; have; gives
4．The little girl ________ a story book when the ground shook very hard.
A．is reading B．read C．was reading D．reads
5．Digital technology has made our life ________ than it was ten years ago.
A．convenient B．more convenient
C．most convenient D．the most convenient
6．For me, walking around Dali Ancient Town in Yunnan is one of ________ things to do.
A．relaxing B．more relaxing C．the more relaxing D．the most relaxing
7．When winter comes, the fog (雾) often becomes so ________ that we can’t see distant buildings clearly, and we need to walk slowly on the street.
A．thick B．slim C．thin D．scared
8．My sister Helen________ traditional Chinese painting online since last year.
A．learns B．learned C．will learn D．has learned
9．Haituo Mountain is _________ mountain in Yanqing.
A．high B．higher C．highest D．the highest
10．—Tom, ________ you turn down the radio, please I’m trying to work.
—No problem.
A．should B．could C．must D．might
11．They ________in the snow when a boy ________over.
A．played; was falling B．were playing; fell
C．were playing; was falling D．played; fell
12．—Pass me the red paper, please. I want to ________ a Chinese character “Fu” and put it on the door.
—Here you are.
A．work out B．cut out C．put out D．come out
13．—How selfish (自私的) of humans to hunt wild animals for fun!
—________. Some people just don’t know how to respect animals.
A．You missed the point B．You said it C．You made it D．You checked it
14．—May I go out to answer the phone, sir
—Don’t go out ________ the meeting is over.
A．until B．while C．so D．after
15．I ________ back in the UK for three days, but it ________ like a century.
A．am; feel B．have been; feels C．have been; feel D．am; felt
Ⅱ. 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
One day, a group of boys were kicking (踢) a ball together. One of them gave the 16 a good hard kick. It flew up high in the air and just into a tree hole. All the boys ran over to the hole to get the ball out. They tried different ways, 17 they couldn’t even touch the ball. They were very 18 .
Then a boy said, “Let’s cut down the tree.”
Some boys 19 and decided to cut down the tree at once.
“Wait,” Wen Yanbo said. “I have a better 20 . Let’s go home and fill all the buckets (桶) at our houses with e back with the full buckets as 21 as we can!”
Hearing this, all the boys 22 home. Soon they came back with buckets of water. Wen Yanbo asked them to 23 the water into the hole. Soon the hole was full of water, and the ball came right up to the top! The boys were very 24 to get the ball back.
Wen Yanbo was so smart when he was just a child. So it’s not surprising that he 25 to become a great person.
16．A．water B．ball C．tree D．house
17．A．but B．so C．though D．until
18．A．cool B．funny C．lucky D．sad
19．A．minded B．agreed C．forgot D．won
20．A．trip B．gift C．idea D．future
21．A．quietly B．quickly C．easily D．happily
22．A．called B．moved C．ran D．left
23．A．pour B．use C．send D．drink
24．A．rich B．glad C．bored D．tired
25．A．got up B．put up C．went up D．grew up
Ⅲ. 阅读理解（共两节，25小题；满分45分）
第一节 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
A
On a summer day, I visited Khiva in Uzbekistan. It is a beautiful city. The city is famous for its history. It was one of the top three Silk Road stops in Uzbekistan.
The most famous place of Khiva is the Itchan Kala, an old town. It has a history of about 2,500 years. Many people describe it as a living museum (博物馆). There are over 50 historical sites. They help visitors learn about the history and culture of Khiva.
I arrived in Khiva in the morning and visited the Itchan Kala first. Visiting it made me feel like a small child. The Itchan Kala was like a labyrinth (迷宫) of streets. It was fun to walk around the streets.
And each time I thought I was on the same road as before, I turned a different corner (拐角). Then I saw a different building. My favourite building was the Tosh Hauli. It had very beautiful rooms. I looked at them for a long time.
People in Khiva are proud of their history and culture. They do a lot to protect them. For example, many people move out of the Itchan Kala and live in other places to protect the old town. And now there is no car in it.
26．From the passage, we know that Khiva ______.
A．was a museum B．looks like a labyrinth
C．was a famous stop on the Silk Road D．has a history of about 5,000 years
27．How did the writer feel when he was in the Itchan Kala
A．Interested. B．Worried. C．Nervous. D．Lonely.
28．What is the right order of what the writer did in the story
①He saw a different building.
②He walked around the streets.
③He arrived in Khiva, a beautiful city.
④He visited an old town, the Itchan Kala.
A．③④①② B．③④②① C．④③①② D．④①②③
29．What is the last paragraph mainly about
A．People’s lives in Khiva.
B．New buildings in Khiva.
C．The most famous place of Khiva.
D．People’s work in protecting Khiva’s history and culture.
30．Why did the writer write the passage
A．To remember his old friends.
B．To share his love for fashion.
C．To talk about his trip in Khiva.
D．To let more people know about his talent.
B
When you think of a rodent (啮齿动物), you may think of a small animal you could pick up and hold. But when it’s a rodent that can weigh as much as an 18-year-old young man, it might be a little difficult to carry!
Capybaras can grow up to 1.4m long and 61cm tall, and weigh up to 65kg. This makes them the world’s largest rodent. They live in South America, but you might see them in other parts of the world too—maybe in some zoos around Japan!
Like other rodents, capybaras have two long front teeth that never stop growing. They’re herbivores—meaning they only eat plants. Eating things like grass helps stop their teeth from growing too big for their mouths!
Capybaras are semi-aquatic animals. It means they live both in water and on land. They love water and their bodies are built for water. They have webbed (有蹼的) feet, and their eyes, ears and nose are on the top of their head. This lets them keep their bodies under water while still seeing what’s around them.
▲ They live with other capybaras in groups of up to 40. They’re also friendly with other animals. In fact, they’re called “nature’s chairs” because sometimes another animal—like a bird or a monkey—may sit on them!
31．What do we know about capybaras
A．They are the largest rodent in the world.
B．They only live in South America or Japan.
C．They are small rodents that humans can easily pick up and hold.
32．Which of the following can’t be capybara’s food
A．Vegetables. B．Fish. C．Water plants.
33．Why can capybaras live both in water and on land
A．They have two long front teeth that never stop growing.
B．They run fast on land with their webbed (有蹼的) feet.
C．They can notice things around them well while in the water.
34．Which can be the best to fill in the blank ▲
A．Capybaras are social animals.
B．Capybaras stay quiet most of the time.
C．Capybaras enjoy spending time with people.
35．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To warn people about the dangers of capybaras.
B．To explain why capybaras are endangered.
C．To introduce interesting facts about capybaras.
C
A long time ago, an official (官员) named Pang Gong from the State of Wei (魏国) was going to the State of Zhao. Before leaving, Pang felt there was still something he needed to tell the King of Wei.
He came to the king and said, “Your Majesty, if someone says a tiger appeared in the market, would you believe it ” The king said, “You must be joking. How could I believe such a thing We haven’t seen a tiger there for many years.”
Pang said, “If two people say there’s a tiger, would you believe it ” The king said no. Pang kept on, “What if three people all come and say there’s a tiger ” The king said, “Then I would believe it.”
Pang said, “Your Majesty, you know that there can’t be a tiger in the market. Just because three people say so, you would believe it. Now I will be away for three years. If some people tell bad stories about me, Your Majesty, can you find the truth then ”
After that, Pang left the State of Wei. As soon as he left, many other officials told the king that Pang Gong was a bad official. Three years later, when Pang came back, the king didn’t want to see him because he had believed the other officials.根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
36．What can we learn from the dialog (对话) between Pang Gong and the king
A．The king might believe others easily.
B．The king loved Pang Gong’s story.
C．Pang Gong believed in the king.
D．Pang Gong wouldn’t come back.
37．What did Pang Gong ask the king to do if people told bad stories about him
A．To find the truth. B．To believe them.
C．To drive them away. D．To kill them.
38．What happened when Pang Gong came back
A．The king welcomed him warmly.
B．The other officials laughed at him.
C．Pang Gong couldn’t see the king.
D．Pang Gong couldn’t be an official.
39．What is the text talking about
A．平步青云 B．三人成虎 C．信口雌黄 D．毛将焉附
40．What does the story want to tell us
A．We need to learn how to talk to others.
B．Don’t talk about others behind their backs.
C．Sometimes we need to work with others as a team.
D．Only by examining (调查) carefully can one know the truth.
D
During the Eastern Han dynasty, Yang Zhen was born in Huayin, Shaanxi Province. When he was young, he learnt from his father Yang Bao and became interested in reading books. He always spent much of his time reading books at home and at school.
At the age of 50, Yang started working as a government officer. He encouraged his family and friends to live a simple life instead of a luxurious (奢侈的) life. He always said no to others’ gifts, because he thought accepting gifts was not right.
One day, Yang met his old workmate Wang Mi on a trip. They had fun talking about their life experiences and good wishes for the nation. In the past, other people didn’t accept Wang’s ability and political ideas. At that time, Yang saw Wang’s talent and promoted (提拔) him. The chance helped Wang to be successful. Wang never forgot Yang’s help and invited him to stay over the night.
At midnight, Wang knocked on the door of Yang’s bedroom. He gave Yang a bag and said in a low voice, “Thank you for teaching me and helping me become who I am today. This bag is for you, sir.” Yang looked at the bag. It was full of gold. “Do I look like a person who gets gifts from others I think you know me well!” Yang said angrily.
“It’s late at night. Now no one will know if we keep it a secret,” said Wang. “What do you mean that no one will know Heaven knows! Earth knows! You know and I know,” said Yang. “You can lie to anyone but your own heart.” After finishing the talk, Yang closed the door and Wang left the room in shame. Wang realized he did something wrong to Yang, so he said sorry to Yang the next morning. Yang accepted it.
41．How old was Yang when he began to work for the government
A．Thirty years old. B．Forty years old.
C．Fifty years old. D．Sixty years old.
42．Why did Wang Mi give Yang Zhen a bag of gold
A．To make Yang live a better life. B．To show thanks for Yang’s help.
C．To ask Yang to help other people. D．To help Yang to take a relaxing trip.
43．In what order did the following happen in the story
a. Wang said sorry to Yang.
b. Wang gave Yang a bag of gold.
c. Yang and Wang met again on a trip.
d. Yang got angry and didn’t take the gold.
e. Yang promoted Wang because of his talent.
f. Wang invited Yang to stay over the night.
A．f→b→e→c→d→a B．f→e→b→d→a→c
C．e→c→f→b→d→a D．e→b→d→a→f→c
44．What did Yang Zhen mean by saying "Heaven knows! Earth knows! You know and I know"
A．He wanted to keep the gold as a secret with Wang Mi.
B．He thought no one would find out if they hid the gold.
C．He believed honesty should not be hidden from one’s own heart.
D．He was afraid that others would discover Wang Mi’s gift.
45．Which of the following best describes Yang
A．Smart but shy. B．Funny and kind.
C．Brave and active. D．Strict and careful.
第二节 短文还原
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并将所选答案涂到答题卡的相应位置上。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Good communication skills are important. They help you with class presentations, job interviews, dealing with arguments and more. Luckily, you can use some skills to improve them and seem more confident and friendly. 46
● First, make eye contact. When you speak or listen, looking at the other person’s eyes makes the talk more successful. 47 It shows you are interested and makes people interested in you too. If you avoid eye contact, others may think you are not paying attention.
● Second, notice your body language. 48 Body language says more than words. An open stance (with arms relaxed by your sides) tells others you are easy to talk to and willing to listen. Crossing your arms, however, may make you seem unfriendly.
● 49 You need to speak well, but also listen to others and talk about what they say. It’s not enough to just speak, listening well is also important. Don’t just wait for them to finish so you can quickly say your own ideas. Instead, nod or say “I see” to show you are following.
● Finally, slow down when you speak. This way, others can easily understand what you are saying. But don’t slow down too much—others might finish your sentences to help you. 50
A．Third, develop good listening skills.
B．Good communication skills can help you grow.
C．Eye contact is a key part of good communication.
D．You should always talk as fast as possible to save time.
E．Speaking at a steady speed helps you sound more confident.
F．Body language can send strong messages to people around you.
G．Here are some useful ways to improve your communication skills.
Ⅳ. 补全对话（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面对话，根据对话内容从下面的七个选项中选择 五个填入空白处，使对话通顺、合理，意思完整。一空一句。
A: Tony, do you like to help your parents with housework
B: No, Judy. 51 It’s a waste of time.
A: Oh But I think teenagers should share housework.
B: 52
A: I think it’s fair to do what you can do when you get older. Since you’re a part of the family, it’s your own duty to clean your room, make your bed, wash and fold your clothes …
B: 53
A: Well, and I believe that doing chores helps to build good habits. The earlier we do it, the better it will be for our future. So, when we live by ourselves someday, we’ll be able to live a happy life.
B: Wow, so it is! I agree with you. 54
A: I do many things, like cleaning up rooms, cooking meals, washing clothes, planting flowers and so on.
B: You are great! 55
A．And what else
B．I hate doing chores.
C．Why do you think so
D．I have no idea how to do it.
E．Um, what chores do you often do
F．How often do you clean your room
G．I have to learn from you from now on.
V. 任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读短文,根据短文内容回答问题。
Peter climbed over the side of the ship and went into a room. He barked like a dog, and all the pirates were very afraid. Hook sent two pirates in to find out what the noise was, but they didn’t come back. Then he sent in the children. Inside, Peter set them free, and they prepared to fight.
Peter ran out to meet Hook. “It is I, Peter Pan!” he cried.
“Get him!” cried Hook.
The pirates ran at Peter, and the lost boys ran forward to fight them. The pirates were stronger, but they were so afraid of the ticking and the noise of the dog that they didn’t fight well. Finally only Captain Hook was ready to fight. Peter came to fight him. For a long time, the two enemies (敌人) stood face to face.
They began to fight. At last Peter hit Hook with his sword. Captain Hook began to bleed. Captain Hook continued to fight, but he was not strong any more. He knew he was going to die. He ran to the side of the ship and jumped into the sea. He didn’t know the crocodile was waiting for him, as it no longer ticked. The crocodile swallowed him in one bite.
—Taken from Peter Pan
56．Why did Peter bark like a dog at the beginning of the story
57．Who did Captain Hook send into the room first to find out the noise
58．What actions did Peter take to trick the pirates (list two)
59．How did the crocodile catch Hook at the end of the story
60．Why do you think it was important for Peter to free the children instead of fighting alone
Ⅵ. 短文填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
Imagine a world without boring chores. You do not have to wash the dirty dishes. You do not have to sweep the floor. A robot 61 (do) it all for you. This sounds like a sci-fi movie, but it is becoming real life very fast.
Robots get 62 (smart) than before. In the past, huge robots were only in big factories. They built cars and heavy machines. Today, robots are moving into our homes. Many 63 (family) already have small round robots to clean their carpets (地毯). Smart speakers can answer 64 (people) questions about the weather, the news or sports.
Now, technology companies 65 (make) robots that look more like humans. These new robots have cameras (照相机) to “see” and microphones to “hear”. They use AI 66 (learn). For example, a robot might learn where you keep your snacks. It can bring you an apple when you are hungry. Some new robots can even help children with 67 (they) homework. They can read stories or help check math problems.
However, there is a big question. If robots do everything for us, is it good for us Some parents worry that children might 68 (become) lazy. If a robot cleans your room every day, you do not learn how to be tidy.
Technology is helpful, but we must use it 69 (careful). Robots can save us time. We can use that extra (额外的) time to play sports, read books or talk with our families. The future is 70 (excite). But we must remember we are still the bosses of our own lives.
Ⅶ. 书面表达（满分15分）
71．题目: Introduce Tianshui to Foreign Friends
内容要求：
1. 地理位置：中国甘肃省东部，丝绸之路之上重要城市。
2. 历史：中华文明的发源地之一。
3. 文化：伏羲文化，举办伏羲祭祀大典；麦积山石窟，为世界文化遗产。
4. 风景：麦积山以秀丽山景和古老石窟著名；天水还有美丽公园和河流，如渭河。
5. 结尾：邀请外国朋友来访。
字数：不少于 80 词
可参考短语：
a key city along the Silk Road
one of the birthplaces of Chinese civilization
famous for Fuxi culture
hold the Fuxi Worship Ceremony
be listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site
enjoy beautiful natural scenery
ancient Buddhist statues and caves
beautiful parks and clear rivers
warmly welcome you to visit
写作结构建议：
1. 开头句：简要介绍天水位置及其重要性。
2. 主体段：分2-3句写历史、文化、风景。
3. 结尾：表达邀请与欢迎。
注意：
1. 使用简单句和连词(如 and, but, because)，保持段落清晰。
2. 短文必须包括所有要点，不要逐词翻译，可适当发挥，使短文连贯、通顺。
3. 短文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。
/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期末培优卷 | 英语学科
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参考答案及试题解析
1．D
【解析】句意：——在某些紧急情况下，打破规则可能是可以的。——我理解你的观点，但打破规则可能会有非常糟糕的影响。
考查情景交际用语。I can’t agree with you我不同意你的观点；Never mind没关系；That’s all right没关系/不用谢；I understand your point我理解你的观点。根据答语中“but”后的转折内容可知，说话者先部分认同对方观点，再提出不同看法，因此应先表示理解对方观点。故选D。
2．B
【解析】句意：——约翰，你玩电脑游戏已经两个小时了。这对你的眼睛不好。——好的，妈妈。我很快就结束。
考查现在完成时。根据时间状语“for two hours”可知，动作从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has+过去分词”。主语“you”是第二人称，助动词用“have”，play的过去分词是“played”。故选B。
3．A
【解析】句意：——多可爱的狗啊！你养它多久了？——一周了。我姑姑上周把它作为礼物送给了我。
考查现在完成时和一般过去时。根据答语中“For one week.”可知，此处表示动作从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时结构“have/has+过去分词”。在“How long”引导的特殊疑问句中，谓语动词须用延续性动词。buy是瞬间动词，不能与时间段连用，需用延续性动词have表示“拥有；饲养”。主语you为第二人称，助动词用have，谓语动词过去分词为had。故第一空用have；第二空用had。根据答语中时间状语“last week”可知，第三空处表示过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式gave。故选A。
4．C
【解析】句意：当地面剧烈摇晃时，这个小女孩正在读一本故事书。
考查过去进行时。is reading正在读，现在进行时；read读，一般过去时或动词原形；was reading正在读，过去进行时；reads读，一般现在时第三人称单数。根据从句“when the ground shook very hard”（当地面剧烈摇晃时）可知，“摇晃”是一般过去时，主句动作“读”在“摇晃”发生时正在进行，需用过去进行时。故选C。
5．B
【解析】句意：数字技术使我们的生活比十年前更便利。
考查形容词比较级。convenient便利的；more convenient更便利的；most convenient最便利的；the most convenient最便利的。根据“than”可知，此处需用比较级，且“convenient”是多音节形容词，比较级为“more convenient”。故选B。
6．D
【解析】句意：对我来说，在云南大理古城漫步是最放松的事情之一。
考查形容词最高级。relaxing令人放松的；more relaxing更令人放松的；the more relaxing错误结构；the most relaxing最令人放松的。根据“one of…things”可知，此处是“one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数”结构，表示“最……的事情之一”，需用形容词最高级“the most relaxing”。故选D。
7．A
【解析】句意：当冬天来临时，雾常常变得如此浓，以至于我们看不清远处的建筑物，在街上需要慢慢走。
考查形容词辨析。thick浓的；slim苗条的；thin薄的；scared害怕的。根据“we can’t see distant buildings clearly”可知，雾很浓才会看不清远处。故选A。
8．D
【解析】句意：我妹妹海伦自从去年以来一直在网上学习传统中国画。
考查现在完成时。learns学习，一般现在时；learned学习，一般过去时；will learn将学习，一般将来时；has learned已经学习，现在完成时。根据时间状语“since last year”可知，动作从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时。故选D。
9．D
【解析】句意：海陀山是延庆最高的山。
考查形容词最高级。high高的；higher更高的；highest最高的；the highest最高的。根据句意及“in Yanqing”可知，此处表示在延庆范围内最高，应用最高级形式，且形容词最高级前需加定冠词the。故选D。
10．B
【解析】句意：——汤姆，请你把收音机关小一点好吗？我正想工作呢。——没问题。
考查情态动词辨析。should应该，表示建议或义务；could可以，表示委婉请求；must必须，表示强制命令；might可能，表示可能性。根据“please”可知，这是一个礼貌的请求，应用表示委婉请求的could。Could you…？是常见的礼貌请求句式。故选B。
11．B
【解析】句意：当一个男孩摔倒时，他们正在雪地里玩耍。
考查时态。根据“They...in the snow when a boy...over.”可知，主句动作“在雪地里玩耍”是持续进行的背景动作，应用过去进行时was/were doing；从句动作“一个男孩摔倒”是短暂发生的动作，打断主句动作，应用一般过去时。故选B。
12．B
【解析】句意：——请递给我那张红纸。我想剪出一个汉字“福”并把它贴在门上。——给你。
考查动词短语辨析。work out解决；cut out剪出；put out熄灭；come out出现。根据“a Chinese character ‘Fu’ and put it on the door”可知，此处表示用红纸剪出“福”字，cut out符合“用红纸剪出‘福’字”的语境。故选B。
13．B
【解析】句意：——人类为了取乐而猎杀野生动物是多么自私啊！——你说得对。有些人就是不知道如何尊重动物。
考查情境交际用语。You missed the point你没说到点子上，你没理解重点；You said it你说得对，表示赞同对方的看法；You made it你成功了，你做到了；You checked it你检查过了。根据答语“Some people just don’t know how to respect animals.”可知，答话者赞同对方的观点，应表示同意。故选B。
14．A
【解析】句意：——先生，我可以出去接电话吗？ ——会议结束之前不要出去。
考查连词辨析。until直到；while当……时；so所以；after在……之后。根据“Don’t go out…the meeting is over.”可知，此处是“not…until…”结构，表示“直到……才……”，即“会议结束前不要出去”。故选A。
15．B
【解析】句意：我回到英国已经三天了，但它感觉像是一个世纪。
考查时态及主谓一致。根据“for three days”可知，第一个空表示动作从过去持续到现在，需用现在完成时have been，排除A、D选项；第二个空主语it是第三人称单数，谓语动词需用单数形式feels，排除C选项。故选B。
16．B 17．A 18．D 19．B 20．C 21．B 22．C 23．A 24．B 25．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了童年时期的文彦博，在同伴们因足球掉进树洞、打算砍树取球时，机智地提出“用水灌满树洞让球浮上来”的办法，顺利取回足球的故事。
16．句意：其中一个男孩用力踢了球，球因此飞向高空并掉进树洞。
water水；ball球；tree树；house房子。根据“One of them gave the...a good hard kick.”可知，此处指球。故选B。
17．句意：他们尝试了各种方法，但连球都碰不到。
but但是；so所以；though尽管；until直到。根据“They tried different ways...they couldn’t even touch the ball.”可知，前半句他们尝试了各种方法，后半句他们甚至碰不到球，前后是转折关系。故选A。
18．句意：碰不到球，男孩们都很沮丧。
cool酷的；funny有趣的；lucky幸运的；sad难过的。根据“They were very...”可知，男孩们想尽办法却拿不到球，心情应该是低落的。故选D。
19．句意：一些男孩同意了砍树的提议，决定立刻动手。
minded介意；agreed同意；forgot忘记；won赢得。根据“Some boys...and decided to cut down the tree at once.”可知，有男孩提议我们砍树吧，后一句决定立刻砍树，说明部分男孩赞同这个提议。故选B。
20．句意：文彦博说自己有一个更好的主意。
trip旅途；gift礼物；idea想法；future未来。根据“I have a better...”可知，后面他提出了“灌水取球”的办法，这是一个主意、想法。故选C。
21．句意：让大家尽快装满水，提着水桶回来。
quietly安静地；quickly快地；easily容易地；happily高兴地。根据“Come back with the full buckets as...as we can!”可知，男孩们想尽快拿到球，应该“快速”返回。故选B。
22．句意：听到这个办法，男孩们都跑着回家。
called称呼；moved移动；ran跑；left离开。根据“all the boys...home.”可知，听到文彦博的办法后，男孩们急于装水取球，跑回家能体现他们的急切。故选C。
23．句意：文彦博让大家把水倒进树洞里。
pour倒；use使用；send发送；drink喝。根据“Wen Yanbo asked them to...the water into the hole.”可知，pour...into...“把……倒进……”。故选A。
24．句意：成功拿回球，男孩们都很开心。
rich富有的；glad高兴的；bored无聊的；tired劳累的。根据“The boys were very...to get the ball back.”可知，球浮上来了，男孩们成功拿回球，心情应该是高兴的。故选B。
25．句意：所以他长大后成为伟人一点也不意外。
got up起床；put up张贴；went up上升；grew up长大。根据“So it’s not surprising that he...to become a great person.”可知，前文说文彦博小时候就很聪明，后一句成为伟人是他长大之后的事。故选D。
26．C 27．A 28．B 29．D 30．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在乌兹别克斯坦希瓦古城的旅行经历，介绍了当地的历史文化、著名景点伊钦卡拉，以及当地人为保护历史文化所做的努力。
26．细节理解题。根据文章“It was one of the top three Silk Road stops in Uzbekistan.”可知，希瓦是丝绸之路上的一个著名站点。故选C。
27．推理判断题。根据文章“It was fun to walk around along the streets.”可知，作者在伊钦卡拉古城里逛街道时觉得很有趣，由此可推断作者感到很感兴趣。故选A。
28．篇章结构题。根据文章事件顺序： ③“On a summer day, I visited Khiva in Uzbekistan. It is a beautiful city.” ④“I arrived in Khiva in the morning and visited the Itchan Kala first.” ②“It was fun to walk around the streets.” ①“Then I saw a different building.” 可知顺序为③④②①。故选B。
29．主旨大意题。根据文章“People in Khiva are proud of their history and culture. They do a lot to protect them.”可知，最后一段主要讲述了希瓦人为保护当地历史文化所做的努力。故选D。
30．推理判断题。根据文章开头“On a summer day, I visited Khiva in Uzbekistan.”及全文内容可知，作者写这篇文章是为了分享自己在希瓦的旅行经历。故选C。
31．A 32．B 33．C 34．A 35．C
【导语】本文介绍了世界上最大的啮齿动物——水豚的体型、生活习性、特征等有趣的知识。
31．细节理解题。根据第二段“This makes them the world’s largest rodent.”可知，水豚是世界上最大的啮齿动物。故选A。
32．细节理解题。根据第三段“They’re herbivores—meaning they only eat plants.”可知，水豚是食草动物，不吃鱼。故选B。
33．细节理解题。根据第四段“their eyes, ears and nose are on the top of their head. This lets them keep their bodies under water while still seeing what’s around them.”可知，水豚在水下时也能观察周围情况，因此适合水陆两栖。故选C。
34．推理判断题。根据下文“They live with other capybaras in groups of up to 40.”可知，水豚是群居动物，因此填“水豚是社交动物”最合适。故选A。
35．主旨大意题。全文介绍了水豚的体型、牙齿、食性、水陆适应性及社交性等有趣的事实，目的是介绍这种动物。故选C。
36．A 37．A 38．C 39．B 40．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了“三人成虎”的典故，通过庞恭与魏王的对话，揭示了谣言重复多次就会被当成事实的道理。
36．推理判断题。根据“‘What if three people all come and say there’s a tiger ’ The king said, ‘Then I would believe it.’”可知，魏王容易相信他人的说法。故选A。
37．细节理解题。根据“Now I will be away for three years. If some people tell bad stories about me, Your Majesty, can you find the truth then ”可知，庞恭请求魏王在听到关于自己的坏话时查明真相。故选A。
38．细节理解题。根据“Three years later, when Pang came back, the king didn’t want to see him because he had believed the other officials.”可知，庞恭回来后，魏王不愿意见他。故选C。
39．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章围绕“三人成虎”的典故展开，通过庞恭与魏王的对话和后续事件，完整呈现了这个成语的由来。故选B。
40．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，故事旨在告诉我们只有通过仔细调查才能了解真相，不能轻易相信谣言。故选D。
41．C 42．B 43．C 44．C 45．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了东汉官员杨震拒绝旧部王密深夜赠金的故事。
41．细节理解题。根据“At the age of 50, Yang started working as a government officer”可知，杨震50岁开始做官，故选C。
42．细节理解题。根据“Thank you for teaching me and helping me become who I am today. This bag is for you, sir”可知，王密送金是为感谢杨震的帮助，故选B。
43．细节理解题。根据“At that time, Yang saw Wang’s talent and promoted him.”、“One day, Yang met his old workmate Wang Mi on a trip.”、“Wang never forgot Yang’s help and invited him to stay over the night.”、“He gave Yang a bag and said in a low voice...”、“Yang said angrily.”、“Wang realized he did something wrong to Yang, so he said sorry to Yang the next morning.”可知，故事顺序为：杨震因王密的才能提拔他（e）→二人旅行重逢（c）→王密邀杨震留宿（f）→王密送金（b）→杨震生气拒金（d）→王密道歉（a），故选C。
44．推理判断题。根据“You can lie to anyone but your own heart”可知，杨震这句话的意思是，就算能瞒过所有人，也骗不过自己的良心，体现诚实应发自内心，故选C。
45．推理判断题。结合全文可知，杨震提倡简朴生活、拒绝收受贿赂，面对黄金不为所动，还告诫王密要坚守本心，能看出他律己严格、处事严谨的特点，故选D。
46．G 47．C 48．F 49．A 50．E
【导语】本文主要介绍了四种提高沟通技巧的方法，包括进行眼神交流、注意肢体语言、培养良好的倾听技巧以及放慢语速平稳说话。
46．根据“Luckily, you can use some skills to improve them...”可知，文章开头提出沟通技巧重要且可以通过一些技能来提高，此处需引出下文的具体方法。选项G“以下是一些提高你沟通技巧的有用方法。”符合语境。故选G。
47．根据“First, make eye contact.”可知，第一条建议是关于眼神交流的，空白处应进一步说明眼神交流的重要性。选项C“眼神交流是良好沟通的关键部分。”符合语境。故选C。
48．根据“Second, notice your body language.”可知，第二条建议是关于注意肢体语言的，空白处应是对“注意肢体语言”这一主题的展开。选项F“肢体语言可以向你周围的人传递强烈的信息。”符合语境。故选F。
49．根据“You need to speak well, but also listen to others...”可知，此处为第三条建议的开头，且后文核心是谈论倾听的重要性。选项A“第三，培养良好的倾听技巧。”符合语境。故选A。
50．根据“Finally, slow down when you speak...”可知，最后一条建议是关于放慢语速的，空白处应进一步说明这样做的益处。选项E“以平稳的速度说话有助于你听起来更自信。”符合语境。故选E。
51．B 52．C 53．A 54．E 55．G
【导语】本文是Judy和Tony的对话，围绕青少年是否应该分担家务展开讨论，包含对家务的态度、做家务的意义以及具体家务内容的交流。
51．根据问句“Do you like to help your parents with housework ”以及答语“No”和“It’s a waste of time.”可知，Tony表达了对做家务的反感，选项B“我讨厌做家务”符合语境，故选B。
52．针对Judy提出的“But I think teenagers should share housework.”（青少年应该分担家务）这一观点可推断，Tony接下来询问原因，选项C“你为什么这么认为？”符合语境，故选C。
53．根据“I think it’s fair to do what you can do when you get older. Since you’re a part of the family, it’s your own duty to clean your room, make your bed, wash and fold your clothes”及下文“and I believe that doing chores helps to build good habits”可知，听完Judy阐述做家务的好处后，Tony进一步追问还有什么其他理由，选项A“还有呢？”衔接自然，故选A。
54．根据Judy的答语“I do many things, like cleaning up rooms, cooking meals...”可知，Tony此处是询问Judy常做哪些家务，选项E“嗯，你经常做哪些家务？”符合语境，故选E。
55．听完Judy列举的家务内容后，Tony用“You are great!”表示赞赏并表达了要向对方学习的意愿，选项G“从现在起我必须向你学习”符合语境，故选G。
56．To make the pirates afraid. 57．Two pirates. 58．He barked like a dog and freed the children to help fight. 59．The crocodile was waiting in the sea and swallowed him in one bite. 60．Because he needed their help to fight the pirates, and freeing them showed teamwork and courage.
【导语】本文节选自《彼得·潘》，讲述了彼得利用狗吠声和钟表滴答声吓住海盗，解救孩子们并与胡克船长决斗，最终胡克跳海被鳄鱼吞食的故事。
56．根据第一段“He barked like a dog, and all the pirates were very afraid.”可知，彼得学狗叫是为了吓唬海盗。故填To make the pirates afraid.
57．根据第一段“Hook sent two pirates in to find out what the noise was”可知，胡克船长最先派了两名海盗进去查看声音来源。故填Two pirates.
58．根据第一段“He barked like a dog”和“Inside, Peter set them free, and they prepared to fight.”可知，彼得通过学狗叫和释放孩子们准备战斗来欺骗海盗。故填He barked like a dog and freed the children to help fight.
59．根据最后一段“He ran to the side of the ship and jumped into the sea... The crocodile was waiting for him... The crocodile swallowed him in one bite.”可知，胡克跳海后，等在海水里的鳄鱼一口吞掉了他。故填The crocodile was waiting in the sea and swallowed him in one bite.
60．本题为开放性问题，可从团队合作、分散敌人注意力、增强战斗力等角度回答。故填Because he needed their help to fight the pirates, and freeing them showed teamwork and courage.
61．does 62．smarter 63．families 64．people’s 65．are making 66．to learn 67．their 68．become 69．carefully 70．exciting
【导语】本文探讨了未来机器人可能进入日常生活，承担家务等任务，帮助人类节省时间，同时也提出了对人类可能变得懒惰的担忧，强调人类应谨慎使用技术，保持对生活的掌控。
61．句意：一个机器人会为你做所有的事情。根据“This sounds like a sci-fi movie, but it is becoming real life very fast.”可知，此处描述一种理想化的、即将实现的常态场景，用一般现在时表将来，主语是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式。故填does。
62．句意：机器人比以前更聪明了。根据“than before”可知，此处应用smart的比较级smarter，表示“更聪明的”。故填smarter。
63．句意：许多家庭已经有了小型圆形机器人来清洁他们的地毯。根据“Many”可知，此处应用family的复数形式families，表示“许多家庭”。故填families。
64．句意：智能音箱可以回答人们关于天气、新闻或体育的问题。根据“questions”可知，此处应用people的所有格形式people’s，表示“人们的”。故填people’s。
65．句意：现在，科技公司正在制造看起来更像人类的机器人。根据“Now”可知，此处描述的是现在正在进行的动作，应用现在进行时，结构为“be+动词的现在分词”，主语为复数，be动词用are，make的现在分词为making。故填are making。
66．句意：它们使用人工智能来学习。根据“use AI”可知，此处应用动词不定式to learn作目的状语，表示“为了学习”。故填to learn。
67．句意：一些新机器人甚至可以帮助孩子们做作业。根据“homework”可知，此处应用they的形容词性物主代词their，表示“他们的”。故填their。
68．句意：一些家长担心孩子们可能会变得懒惰。根据“might”可知，此处应用动词原形become，表示“变得”。故填become。
69．句意：技术是有帮助的，但我们必须谨慎使用它。根据“use it”可知，此处应用careful的副词形式carefully修饰动词use，表示“谨慎地使用”。故填carefully。
70．句意：未来是令人兴奋的。根据“is”可知，此处应用excite的形容词形式exciting作表语，表示“令人兴奋的”。故填exciting。
71．例文：
Introduce Tianshui to Foreign Friends
Tianshui is a key city along the Silk Road, located in the eastern part of Gansu Province, China. It is one of the birthplaces of Chinese civilization with a long history.
Tianshui is famous for Fuxi culture and holds the Fuxi Worship Ceremony every year. What’s more, the Maijishan Grottoes here are listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site, with many ancient Buddhist statues and caves. The Maijishan Mountain is also well-known for its beautiful natural scenery. Besides, there are beautiful parks and clear rivers in Tianshui, such as the Weihe River.
We warmly welcome you to visit Tianshui and experience its unique charm.
【解析】【总体分析】
①题材：材料作文
②时态：一般现在时
③提示：围绕天水的地理位置、历史、文化、风景展开介绍，最后表达对外国朋友的邀请，确保覆盖所有内容要点。
【写作步骤】
第一步：用1-2句话介绍天水的地理位置和重要性（如位于甘肃省东部、丝绸之路关键城市）。
第二步：主体部分分句描述历史（中华文明发源地）、文化（伏羲文化和麦积山石窟）和风景（麦积山自然景观及公园河流）。
第三步：结尾用1句话表达热情邀请，呼应主题。
【亮点词汇】
①located in 位于
②be famous for以……而闻名
③unique 独一无二的
【高分句型】
① What’s more, the Maijishan Grottoes here are listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site, with many ancient Buddhist statues and caves.（介词短语with作定语）
② Besides, there are beautiful parks and clear rivers in Tianshui, such as the Weihe River.（there be句型）
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
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