必修四Module 4 Great Scientists---Grammar & writing学案与同步练习
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| 名称 | 必修四Module 4 Great Scientists---Grammar & writing学案与同步练习 |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
| 文件大小 | 55.7KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2016-10-31 09:41:45 | ||
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文档简介
Module 4 - Great?Scientists?
黑龙江省哈尔滨市 邱尚瑛
学案与同步练习Module（4-4）
Review the usage of passive voice and by + V-ing form.
【复习被动语态和by + V-ing 形式的用法】
构成：助动词be + 过去分词
形式：一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、一般将来时、将来完成时、过去将来时、过去将来完成时。
时态通过be动词表现出来。（以动词take为例）
一般时态
进行时态
完成时态
现在
am
is ｝ taken
are
am
is ｝being taken
are
has
｝been taken
have
过去
was
｝taken
were
was
｝being taken
were
had been taken
将来
shall
｝be taken
will
shall
｝have been taken
will
过去将来
should
｝be taken
would
should
｝have been taken
would
用法：
英语中有主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。常用于下列情况： 2·1·c·n·j·y
1）当动作的执行者不重要，不需要知道或不知道动作的执行者时。
The cup was broken in the morning.
水杯在早上摔坏了。
2）当需要强调动作的承受者时。
The cup was broken by Wang Hong in the morning.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
水杯是王洪早上摔坏的。
3）有些动词只用被动语态，没有相应的主动语态。
Wang Hong was born in 1985.
王洪是1985年出生的。
4）带情态动词的被动结构由情态动词 + be + 过去分词构成。
Your homework can be handed in tomorrow.
你的作业可以明天交上来。
5）带不定式的被动结构：to + be + 及物动词的过去分词
She ought to be told about the bad news.
应该把这个坏消息告诉她。
6）现在分词和动名词的被动语态有两种形式：一般式是being done；完成式是having been done。21cnjy.com
Being decorated at that time, the room couldn’t be used.（现在分词）
当时那个房间正在装修，所以不能使用。
Tom being punished was not what we expected.（动名词）
汤姆受到惩罚不是我们所希望的。
7）不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的主动语态，改为被动语态时不定式前要加to。
They watched the children sing that morning．
→The children were watched to sing that morning.www.21-cn-jy.com
8） 一些动词短语用于被动语态时，动词短语应当看作一个整体，而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。
The nurse is taking care of the sick man.
→The sick man is being taken care of by the nurse.【版权所有：21教育】
护士正在照顾这位病人。
He listens to the radio every day.
→The radio is listened to by him every day.
他每天都听收音机。
9) 某些动词和短语不用于被动语态：suit，hold（容纳），cost，lack，fit，own，wish，belong to等； 21*cnjy*com
系动词：smell，taste，sound，become，feel等；
和well, easily等副词连用的不及物动词：write，read，sell，wash，clean，draw，burn，cook等；21教育名师原创作品
与can’t, won’t等连用的不及物动词：move，lock，shut，open等。
The goods sell well． 这些商品畅销。
The?clothes?wash?well． 这些衣服好洗。?
My?pen?writes?smoothly． 我的钢笔好使。?
Your?article?reads?easily． 你的文章好读。?
The?flowers?smell?nice．? 花闻上去香。
?Cotton?feels?soft．? 棉花摸上去柔软。
10）含双宾语的主动语态改为被动语态时，两个宾语均可作被动语态中的主语。
He gave her some money.
→ She was given some money.
→ Some money was given to him.
他给她一些钱。
He bought her a watch.
→ A watch was bought for her.
→ She was bought a watch.
他给她买了一快表。
2. The usage of by + V-ing form.
【by + V-ing 形式的用法】
by + V-ing结构在句子中做方式状语，by是介词，通常表示“以……方式”、“以……方法或手段等。【出处：21教育名师】
By practising more, you can improve yourself.
通过多加练习，你就能提高自己的水平。?
? He succeeded by working hard.
他通过努力成功了。
He goes to work by bus every day.
他每天乘公交车上班。
You can contact with each other by calling.
你们可以通过电话联系。
the Metro Project in Harbin _____________ by 2018.21世纪教育网版权所有
A. has been completed B. has completed
C. will have been completed D. will have completed
2）The priceless works of art ________.
A. were destroyed in the earthquake B. was destroying in the earthquake
C. destroyed in the earthquake D. destroys in the earthquake
3）The book written by her ________ well .
A.sell B.sells C.are sold D.is sold
4）The room is dirty. It ____________ for a long time.
A. hasn’t cleaned B. didn’t clean
C. wasn’t cleaned D. hasn’t been cleaned
5）Now, she _____________ going back to school because her being out of job.
A. had considered B. has been considering
C. considered D. is going consider
6）The first use of atomic weapons was in 1945, and their power _____ increased enormously ever since.21·cn·jy·com
A. is B. was C. has been D. had been
7）According to the art dealer, the Chinese painting __________ to go for at least two million dollars.
A. is expected B. expects C. expected D. is expecting
8）Hundreds of jobs ____________ if the enterprise is closed down.
A. lose ? ? B. will lost ? ? C. are lost ? ? D. will be lose
9) The forests ___________ and they will disappear from the earth in the near future. A. cut ? ? ? B. are being cut ? ? ? C. are cut ? ? ? D. had been cut
10. The material ____________ very soft .
A. is felling B . felt C. feels D. is felt21·世纪*教育网
11）When and where to go for the trip _________ yet.
A. are not decided B. have not been decided
C. is not being decided D. has not been decided
12) A new library __________ in our school. They hope to finish it next year.
A. will be built ? ? B. is built ? ? C. has been built ? D. is being built
13) The new overpass ____________ by the end of last month. 21*cnjy*com
A. has been designed ? B. had been designed
C. was designed ? ? ? ? ? ? D. would be designed
14)?The mobile phone has?influenced people’s life a lot since it _________.
A. invents B. invented C. is invented D. was invented
15) The sports meeting _________next month.
A. will hold B. is going to hold C. will be held D. Held
【参考答案】
CABDB CADBC DDBDC
II. Finish the following sentences according to Chinese given in the brackets, and translate then into Chinese.（根据括号中所给的汉语完成下列句子，然后再翻译成汉语）
1. _____________ , "the student who asks questions" when he was a student. （袁隆平生在中国、长在中国。……被昵称为……）
2. The results of Yuan Long-ping’s experiments _____________.（于1966年发表）
3. The research made by Yuan Long-ping and his group ________________（得到了政府的支持）
4. Yuan Long-ping's rice is very popular, _____________ .（常常出口到其他的国家）
5. _____________ by the Yuan Long-ping Hightech Agricultural Company of China.（新的杂交水稻已经……开发研制）
【参考答案】
1. Yuan Long-ping was born and brought up in China. He was given the nickname, "the student who asks questions" when he was a student.
袁隆平生在中国、长在中国。当他是学生时被昵称为“爱问问题的学生”。
2. The results of Yuan Long-ping’s experiments were published in 1966.
袁隆平的实验结果于1966年发表。
3. The research made by Yuan Long-ping and his group was supported by the government.
袁隆平和他的研究小组的研究得到了政府的支持。
4. Yuan Longping's rice is very popular, was often exported to other countries.
袁隆平的水稻深受欢迎，常常出口到其他的国家。
5. The new hybrid rice has been developed by the Yuan Long-ping Hightech Agricultural Company of China.
新的杂交水稻已经由中国袁隆平高科技农业公司开发研制。
参考短句：
He was born in... and grew up...
He graduated from..., and then...
After graduation, he became a(n)．...
He was awarded...
He made a great contribution to...
His discovery has made great progress in....
He is one of the most famous... in China/the world.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
His works are popular around the world, such as...
参考段落：
Para. 1: Make a introductions of the general evaluation of him.
Para. 2: Tell his or her childhood, education, earlier life.
Para. 3: Introduce his research, achievements, or important discovery.
请根据以下信息，介绍一下爱因斯坦（可在网上搜寻相关信息）
Name
姓名
阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦
Albert Einstein
place of birth
出生地
Ulm, Germany
德国，乌尔姆市
Time of birth
出生时间
March the 14th, 1897
1897年3月14日
graduate institutions
毕业院校
Swiss Federal Polytechnic School in Zurich（ETH Zurich）
苏黎世联邦理工学院
Occupation
职业
physicists, scientists
物理学家、?科学家
Main achievement
主要业绩
discovered the theory of relativity ,
published Special Theory of Relativity
发现了相对论，出版了《狭义相对论》
The awards received
所获得的奖项
won the Nobel Physics Prize in 1921
1921年获诺贝尔物理学奖?
【参考范文】
Albert Einstein was a great physical scientist, who was famous for theory of relativity. He discovered the theory of relativity which is Einstein's theory concerning space, time, and motion. His discoveries and theories have greatly influenced science in many fields.?21教育网
Einstein was born in 1879 in Ulm, a city in Germany. As a boy, he was slow to learn to talk, but later in his childhood he showed great curiosity about nature and ability to solve difficult mathematical problems. He was gradusted from ETH Zurich in 1900.www-2-1-cnjy-com
His Special Theory of Relativity was published in1905 and he began to publish a series of papers which shook the whole scientific and intellectual world, and he won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1921. Albert Einstein was considered the greatest scientist of the 20th century and one of the greatest of all time. 2-1-c-n-j-y
黑龙江省哈尔滨市 邱尚瑛
学案与同步练习Module（4-4）
Review the usage of passive voice and by + V-ing form.
【复习被动语态和by + V-ing 形式的用法】
构成：助动词be + 过去分词
形式：一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、一般将来时、将来完成时、过去将来时、过去将来完成时。
时态通过be动词表现出来。（以动词take为例）
一般时态
进行时态
完成时态
现在
am
is ｝ taken
are
am
is ｝being taken
are
has
｝been taken
have
过去
was
｝taken
were
was
｝being taken
were
had been taken
将来
shall
｝be taken
will
shall
｝have been taken
will
过去将来
should
｝be taken
would
should
｝have been taken
would
用法：
英语中有主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。常用于下列情况： 2·1·c·n·j·y
1）当动作的执行者不重要，不需要知道或不知道动作的执行者时。
The cup was broken in the morning.
水杯在早上摔坏了。
2）当需要强调动作的承受者时。
The cup was broken by Wang Hong in the morning.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
水杯是王洪早上摔坏的。
3）有些动词只用被动语态，没有相应的主动语态。
Wang Hong was born in 1985.
王洪是1985年出生的。
4）带情态动词的被动结构由情态动词 + be + 过去分词构成。
Your homework can be handed in tomorrow.
你的作业可以明天交上来。
5）带不定式的被动结构：to + be + 及物动词的过去分词
She ought to be told about the bad news.
应该把这个坏消息告诉她。
6）现在分词和动名词的被动语态有两种形式：一般式是being done；完成式是having been done。21cnjy.com
Being decorated at that time, the room couldn’t be used.（现在分词）
当时那个房间正在装修，所以不能使用。
Tom being punished was not what we expected.（动名词）
汤姆受到惩罚不是我们所希望的。
7）不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的主动语态，改为被动语态时不定式前要加to。
They watched the children sing that morning．
→The children were watched to sing that morning.www.21-cn-jy.com
8） 一些动词短语用于被动语态时，动词短语应当看作一个整体，而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。
The nurse is taking care of the sick man.
→The sick man is being taken care of by the nurse.【版权所有：21教育】
护士正在照顾这位病人。
He listens to the radio every day.
→The radio is listened to by him every day.
他每天都听收音机。
9) 某些动词和短语不用于被动语态：suit，hold（容纳），cost，lack，fit，own，wish，belong to等； 21*cnjy*com
系动词：smell，taste，sound，become，feel等；
和well, easily等副词连用的不及物动词：write，read，sell，wash，clean，draw，burn，cook等；21教育名师原创作品
与can’t, won’t等连用的不及物动词：move，lock，shut，open等。
The goods sell well． 这些商品畅销。
The?clothes?wash?well． 这些衣服好洗。?
My?pen?writes?smoothly． 我的钢笔好使。?
Your?article?reads?easily． 你的文章好读。?
The?flowers?smell?nice．? 花闻上去香。
?Cotton?feels?soft．? 棉花摸上去柔软。
10）含双宾语的主动语态改为被动语态时，两个宾语均可作被动语态中的主语。
He gave her some money.
→ She was given some money.
→ Some money was given to him.
他给她一些钱。
He bought her a watch.
→ A watch was bought for her.
→ She was bought a watch.
他给她买了一快表。
2. The usage of by + V-ing form.
【by + V-ing 形式的用法】
by + V-ing结构在句子中做方式状语，by是介词，通常表示“以……方式”、“以……方法或手段等。【出处：21教育名师】
By practising more, you can improve yourself.
通过多加练习，你就能提高自己的水平。?
? He succeeded by working hard.
他通过努力成功了。
He goes to work by bus every day.
他每天乘公交车上班。
You can contact with each other by calling.
你们可以通过电话联系。
the Metro Project in Harbin _____________ by 2018.21世纪教育网版权所有
A. has been completed B. has completed
C. will have been completed D. will have completed
2）The priceless works of art ________.
A. were destroyed in the earthquake B. was destroying in the earthquake
C. destroyed in the earthquake D. destroys in the earthquake
3）The book written by her ________ well .
A.sell B.sells C.are sold D.is sold
4）The room is dirty. It ____________ for a long time.
A. hasn’t cleaned B. didn’t clean
C. wasn’t cleaned D. hasn’t been cleaned
5）Now, she _____________ going back to school because her being out of job.
A. had considered B. has been considering
C. considered D. is going consider
6）The first use of atomic weapons was in 1945, and their power _____ increased enormously ever since.21·cn·jy·com
A. is B. was C. has been D. had been
7）According to the art dealer, the Chinese painting __________ to go for at least two million dollars.
A. is expected B. expects C. expected D. is expecting
8）Hundreds of jobs ____________ if the enterprise is closed down.
A. lose ? ? B. will lost ? ? C. are lost ? ? D. will be lose
9) The forests ___________ and they will disappear from the earth in the near future. A. cut ? ? ? B. are being cut ? ? ? C. are cut ? ? ? D. had been cut
10. The material ____________ very soft .
A. is felling B . felt C. feels D. is felt21·世纪*教育网
11）When and where to go for the trip _________ yet.
A. are not decided B. have not been decided
C. is not being decided D. has not been decided
12) A new library __________ in our school. They hope to finish it next year.
A. will be built ? ? B. is built ? ? C. has been built ? D. is being built
13) The new overpass ____________ by the end of last month. 21*cnjy*com
A. has been designed ? B. had been designed
C. was designed ? ? ? ? ? ? D. would be designed
14)?The mobile phone has?influenced people’s life a lot since it _________.
A. invents B. invented C. is invented D. was invented
15) The sports meeting _________next month.
A. will hold B. is going to hold C. will be held D. Held
【参考答案】
CABDB CADBC DDBDC
II. Finish the following sentences according to Chinese given in the brackets, and translate then into Chinese.（根据括号中所给的汉语完成下列句子，然后再翻译成汉语）
1. _____________ , "the student who asks questions" when he was a student. （袁隆平生在中国、长在中国。……被昵称为……）
2. The results of Yuan Long-ping’s experiments _____________.（于1966年发表）
3. The research made by Yuan Long-ping and his group ________________（得到了政府的支持）
4. Yuan Long-ping's rice is very popular, _____________ .（常常出口到其他的国家）
5. _____________ by the Yuan Long-ping Hightech Agricultural Company of China.（新的杂交水稻已经……开发研制）
【参考答案】
1. Yuan Long-ping was born and brought up in China. He was given the nickname, "the student who asks questions" when he was a student.
袁隆平生在中国、长在中国。当他是学生时被昵称为“爱问问题的学生”。
2. The results of Yuan Long-ping’s experiments were published in 1966.
袁隆平的实验结果于1966年发表。
3. The research made by Yuan Long-ping and his group was supported by the government.
袁隆平和他的研究小组的研究得到了政府的支持。
4. Yuan Longping's rice is very popular, was often exported to other countries.
袁隆平的水稻深受欢迎，常常出口到其他的国家。
5. The new hybrid rice has been developed by the Yuan Long-ping Hightech Agricultural Company of China.
新的杂交水稻已经由中国袁隆平高科技农业公司开发研制。
参考短句：
He was born in... and grew up...
He graduated from..., and then...
After graduation, he became a(n)．...
He was awarded...
He made a great contribution to...
His discovery has made great progress in....
He is one of the most famous... in China/the world.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
His works are popular around the world, such as...
参考段落：
Para. 1: Make a introductions of the general evaluation of him.
Para. 2: Tell his or her childhood, education, earlier life.
Para. 3: Introduce his research, achievements, or important discovery.
请根据以下信息，介绍一下爱因斯坦（可在网上搜寻相关信息）
Name
姓名
阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦
Albert Einstein
place of birth
出生地
Ulm, Germany
德国，乌尔姆市
Time of birth
出生时间
March the 14th, 1897
1897年3月14日
graduate institutions
毕业院校
Swiss Federal Polytechnic School in Zurich（ETH Zurich）
苏黎世联邦理工学院
Occupation
职业
physicists, scientists
物理学家、?科学家
Main achievement
主要业绩
discovered the theory of relativity ,
published Special Theory of Relativity
发现了相对论，出版了《狭义相对论》
The awards received
所获得的奖项
won the Nobel Physics Prize in 1921
1921年获诺贝尔物理学奖?
【参考范文】
Albert Einstein was a great physical scientist, who was famous for theory of relativity. He discovered the theory of relativity which is Einstein's theory concerning space, time, and motion. His discoveries and theories have greatly influenced science in many fields.?21教育网
Einstein was born in 1879 in Ulm, a city in Germany. As a boy, he was slow to learn to talk, but later in his childhood he showed great curiosity about nature and ability to solve difficult mathematical problems. He was gradusted from ETH Zurich in 1900.www-2-1-cnjy-com
His Special Theory of Relativity was published in1905 and he began to publish a series of papers which shook the whole scientific and intellectual world, and he won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1921. Albert Einstein was considered the greatest scientist of the 20th century and one of the greatest of all time. 2-1-c-n-j-y