热点八 和谐人际关系，共创美好未来
Ⅰ.阅读理解
（2024·济南模拟）Can a person even have too many friends？ After all， having friends is inherently good， for countless reasons， many of which are obvious.
And showing the world that you have lots of friends — for example on social media — seems like a winning strategy.If， that is， your goal is to expand your social network.Once people see how popular you are， they’ll want to join that popular club， perhaps in hopes that some of your popularity will rub off on them.
But in fact， a new study published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology shows that having too many friends works against you.In a series of experiments， the authors show that people usually prefer to befriend people who have fewer friends than they do， not more.
Nonetheless， people consistently predict， incorrectly， that if you have more friends， people will be more likely to want to befriend you.The authors call this phenomenon the “friend-number paradox （悖论）”， which is also the title of their new paper.
Social ties are obviously important.Having more of these connections implies greater social value， and more likeability.So it seems reasonable to assume that people will focus their social energies on befriending people who have lots of friends already.
But the problem is that these social ties are only valuable if there’s reciprocity （互惠） involved.Friendship goes hand in hand with certain implied obligations and expectations.And people with lots of friends may not be able to fulfill those obligations — especially people with too many friends.
In other words， “relationship quality” matters as much， if not more， than merely the number of friends you have.Having lots of friends means your precious social resources become diluted （稀释）， making you less able to be a good friend.And other people take that into account， consciously or unconsciously， when deciding whether to befriend you.They don’t want to spend their valuable social capital on someone who’s unlikely to pay it back.
1.What is the underlined phrase “rub off on” in Paragraph 2 closest in meaning to？（ ）
A.Present a threat to.
B.Make a contribution to.
C.Leave an impression on.
D.Have a positive effect on.
2.What does the “friend-number paradox” reveal？（ ）
A.The secrets to becoming popular.
B.The ways of winning more friends.
C.The problems with having many friends.
D.The advantages of having many friends.
3.What does the author think of people with lots of friends？（ ）
A.They fail to perform their duties.
B.They don’t know about reciprocity.
C.They are more likely to be good friends.
D.They have more precious social resources.
4.What would be the best title for the text？（ ）
A.How People Choose Their Friends
B.Why People Like Having More Friends
C.More Friends Are Not Necessarily Better
D.People With More Friends Are More Popular
Ⅱ.完形填空
（2024·合肥最后一卷）Several years ago， I was broke and homeless. One day when I 5 a store， a woman in a car parked outside called me. Though it was broad daylight， I was 6 about it when I walked over. She said she was unable to move and 7 me to purchase an Xbox， a game， for her as her son’s Christmas gift. She gave me some 8 and her credit card.
I walked back in and bought one with her card — her cash was 9 for it. Then it occurred to me why a complete 10 trusted me. “What if I just 11 her cash？ How could she possibly put so much 12 in someone？” I handed all her stuff back， 13 I had to pay by her card. With misty eyes， she said， “Just from glancing at you， I know you are a 14 friend to someone in need. You have a face of a（n） 15 ！” She then handed me $20， saying “Merry Christmas！” and driving away.
She had no idea how much of a 16 even $20 made. I was able to buy a few 17 groceries for the week and that can really make a 18 time in my life a little better. She may think I helped her， but I 19 feel like the one who was being gifted something amazing.
5.（ ）A.entered B.approached C.saw D.exited
6.（ ）A.shy B.crazy C.disappointed D.excited
7.（ ）A.ordered B.encouraged C.begged D.allowed
8.（ ）A.advice B.confidence C.food D.cash
9.（ ）A.insufficient B.irresponsible C.abnormal D.unnecessary
10.（ ）A.newcomer B.stranger C.mother D.driver
11.（ ）A.owed B.loaned C.pocketed D.lost
12.（ ）A.imagination B.faith C.honor D.strength
13.（ ）A.requesting B.thinking C.suggesting D.explaining
14.（ ）A.powerful B.wealthy C.trusty D.reasonable
15.（ ）A.angel B.owner C.magician D.artist
16.（ ）A.deal B.difference C.wish D.profit
17.（ ）A.fresh B.similar C.cheap D.favourite
18.（ ）A.long B.different C.new D.tough
19.（ ）A.truly B.naturally C.proudly D.secretly
3 / 3热点八 和谐人际关系，共创美好未来
Ⅰ.阅读理解
（2024·济南模拟）Can a person even have too many friends？ After all， having friends is inherently good， for countless reasons， many of which are obvious.
And showing the world that you have lots of friends — for example on social media — seems like a winning strategy.If， that is， your goal is to expand your social network.Once people see how popular you are， they’ll want to join that popular club， perhaps in hopes that some of your popularity will rub off on them.
But in fact， a new study published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology shows that having too many friends works against you.In a series of experiments， the authors show that people usually prefer to befriend people who have fewer friends than they do， not more.
Nonetheless， people consistently predict， incorrectly， that if you have more friends， people will be more likely to want to befriend you.The authors call this phenomenon the “friend-number paradox （悖论）”， which is also the title of their new paper.
Social ties are obviously important.Having more of these connections implies greater social value， and more likeability.So it seems reasonable to assume that people will focus their social energies on befriending people who have lots of friends already.
But the problem is that these social ties are only valuable if there’s reciprocity （互惠） involved.Friendship goes hand in hand with certain implied obligations and expectations.And people with lots of friends may not be able to fulfill those obligations — especially people with too many friends.
In other words， “relationship quality” matters as much， if not more， than merely the number of friends you have.Having lots of friends means your precious social resources become diluted （稀释）， making you less able to be a good friend.And other people take that into account， consciously or unconsciously， when deciding whether to befriend you.They don’t want to spend their valuable social capital on someone who’s unlikely to pay it back.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。朋友越多越好吗？一项研究发现，人们在选择朋友时，并不愿意选择那些朋友很多的人。
1.What is the underlined phrase “rub off on” in Paragraph 2 closest in meaning to？（ ）
A.Present a threat to.
B.Make a contribution to.
C.Leave an impression on.
D.Have a positive effect on.
解析：D 词义猜测题。根据上文可知，一旦人们看到你很受欢迎，他们就会想加入那个受欢迎的俱乐部；显然，他们这么做是希望从中获益，也就是受到积极的影响。
2.What does the “friend-number paradox” reveal？（ ）
A.The secrets to becoming popular.
B.The ways of winning more friends.
C.The problems with having many friends.
D.The advantages of having many friends.
解析：C 推理判断题。根据第三、四段可知，人们普遍认为，自己朋友越多就会吸引更多的人与自己交朋友，而研究结果却恰好相反——人们更喜欢与比自己朋友少的人交朋友。这就是所谓的“朋友数量悖论”，这揭示了朋友多也有其弊端。
3.What does the author think of people with lots of friends？（ ）
A.They fail to perform their duties.
B.They don’t know about reciprocity.
C.They are more likely to be good friends.
D.They have more precious social resources.
解析：A 细节理解题。根据最后两段可知，作者认为，朋友交往的本质是互惠互利，而朋友太多的人往往由于自己的有限社交资源被稀释而无法去承担社交中的义务和责任，这往往会让朋友失望并留下不好的印象。
4.What would be the best title for the text？（ ）
A.How People Choose Their Friends
B.Why People Like Having More Friends
C.More Friends Are Not Necessarily Better
D.People With More Friends Are More Popular
解析：C 标题归纳题。综合全文可知，本文主要告诉我们一个奇特的现象：人们更喜欢与朋友更少的人交朋友；另外，朋友太多的人往往会在社交中表现得不那么令对方满意。这些都说明朋友并非越多越好。因此C项适合作文章标题。
Ⅱ.完形填空
（2024·合肥最后一卷）Several years ago， I was broke and homeless. One day when I 5 a store， a woman in a car parked outside called me. Though it was broad daylight， I was 6 about it when I walked over. She said she was unable to move and 7 me to purchase an Xbox， a game， for her as her son’s Christmas gift. She gave me some 8 and her credit card.
I walked back in and bought one with her card — her cash was 9 for it. Then it occurred to me why a complete 10 trusted me. “What if I just 11 her cash？ How could she possibly put so much 12 in someone？” I handed all her stuff back， 13 I had to pay by her card. With misty eyes， she said， “Just from glancing at you， I know you are a 14 friend to someone in need. You have a face of a（n） 15 ！” She then handed me $20， saying “Merry Christmas！” and driving away.
She had no idea how much of a 16 even $20 made. I was able to buy a few 17 groceries for the week and that can really make a 18 time in my life a little better. She may think I helped her， but I 19 feel like the one who was being gifted something amazing.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者帮助一位行动不便的陌生女士购物的经历，展现了陌生人之间的相互信任和关爱。
5.A.entered B.approached
C.saw D.exited
解析：D 根据下文a woman in a car parked outside called me可知，外面一辆车里有一位女士叫住了作者，所以作者是从商店走了出去。
6.A.shy B.crazy
C.disappointed D.excited
解析：A 根据上文a woman in a car parked outside called me可知，外面一辆车里有一位女士叫住了作者，作者并不认识这位女士，所以作者感觉有点害羞。
7.A.ordered B.encouraged
C.begged D.allowed
解析：C 根据上文She said she was unable to move可知，女士因为行动不便，无法给儿子买礼物，所以她请求作者帮助她。
8.A.advice B.confidence
C.food D.cash
解析：D 根据下文I walked back in and bought one with her card — her cash was ...可知，那位女士给了作者一些现金和她的信用卡。
9.A.insufficient B.irresponsible
C.abnormal D.unnecessary
解析：A 根据上文I walked back in and bought one with her card可知，作者是用信用卡支付的玩具钱，说明现金不够。
10.A.newcomer B.stranger
C.mother D.driver
解析：B 根据上文可知，这位女士对于作者来说，是一个完全的陌生人，但是她信任作者，让作者帮她买东西。
11.A.owed B.loaned
C.pocketed D.lost
解析：C 根据上文可知，此处作者在反思，作为陌生人，如果他把女士的钱私吞了会怎样。pocket表示藏进口袋，意为“私自占有”。
12.A.imagination B.faith
C.honor D.strength
解析：B 根据上文可知，作为陌生人，女士对作者的信任让作者感到惊讶，因为两人素不相识。
13.A.requesting B.thinking
C.suggesting D.explaining
解析：D 根据上下文可知，作者把东西还给女士时，解释说必须用她的卡支付，因为现金不够。
14.A.powerful B.wealthy
C.trusty D.reasonable
解析：C 根据下文friend to someone in need可知，女士认为作者是一个值得信赖的朋友，所以请求作者帮忙。
15.A.angel B.owner
C.magician D.artist
解析：A 根据上文可知，女士认为作者是一个值得信赖的朋友，所以女士夸赞作者有着天使般的面容，这是一种赞美，意味着作者看起来善良、可信。
16.A.deal B.difference
C.wish D.profit
解析：B 根据上文Several years ago， I was broke and homeless.可知，作者的生活很困难，所以20美元能够对作者产生很大的影响。make a difference表示“有影响，起作用”。
17.A.fresh B.similar
C.cheap D.favourite
解析：C 根据上文Several years ago， I was broke and homeless.可知，作者的生活很困难，所以作者一定是买便宜的东西。
18.A.long B.different
C.new D.tough
解析：D 根据上文可知，作者的生活很困难，所以这20美元能够让他艰难的生活变得好一点。
19.A.truly B.naturally
C.proudly D.secretly
解析：A 根据空后feel like the one who was being gifted something amazing可知，作者真切地觉得自己才是那个收到了神奇礼物的人。
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