阅读理解题型分类练（四） 推理判断题——写作意图类
A
（2024·九省联考）Parrots are prey animals， which means that other predators （捕食者） in the wild， such as hawks or snakes， are looking to make them into a meal.This one factor influences parrots’ behavior in your house more than any other.
Parrots are most easily hurt when feeding on the ground.Membership in a group plays an important function in ensuring their safety and improving their chances of survival from attacks by predators.The most common predators of parrots include hawks， snakes， cats， monkeys， and bats.Some predators make attacks only during the day while others hunt in the night.
As prey animals， parrots are constantly watching out for danger and they instinctively （本能地） react to risks.Their first choice is to take flight.However， if this is not possible， they will fight with their powerful beaks to defend themselves.
Because their biggest enemy is the hawk， parrots are especially reactive to quick movements from above and behind.For this reason， it is wise to avoid quick， sudden movements near your bird.This is a built-in reaction not subject to logic or reason.Simple and relatively harmless household objects can draw extreme fear responses from a bird.For example， a balloon may represent a hawk or a vacuum hose （吸尘器软管） may be the same as a snake in your bird’s mind.
As prey animals， parrots are often frightened by exposure to new household items or strangers.It is important to expose your bird to safe experiences and changes starting at a very young age to build flexibility and improve their adaptability.Variety in diet and toys， travel， and exposure to new people and places all help to make your bird more flexible and adaptable to change.
1.What is important for parrots to better survive from attacks in the wild？（ ）
A.Living in a group.
B.Growing beautiful feathers.
C.Feeding on the ground.
D.Avoiding coming out at night.
2.What is parrots’ first response to an immediate risk？（ ）
A.To attack back.
B.To get away.
C.To protect the young.
D.To play dead.
3.Why would a balloon frighten a parrot？（ ）
A.It may explode suddenly.
B.It may be in a strange shape.
C.It may have a strong color.
D.It may move around quickly.
4.What is the author’s purpose of writing the text？（ ）
A.To explain wild parrots’ behavior.
B.To give advice on raising a parrot.
C.To call for action to protect animals.
D.To introduce a study on bird ecology.
B
（2024·宁波模拟）In many Asian cultures， ear cleaning is an act of care and love that’s been around for centuries. The gentle practice of removing the sticky stuff in your ear holes is seen as a relaxing， loving household ritual depicted in Japan Edo-era woodcut prints and cartoons of wives who would clean their husbands’ ears or of mothers who would clean their children’s ears.
Even though we’re super obsessed with getting rid of earwax （耳垢）， many ear， nose， and throat doctors say that earwax is best left alone. In fact， your earwax can tell quite a bit about you. For instance， most of us fall into two main groups of earwax types： wet or dry. What type you have links back to your genetics.
In 2006 a Nature Genetics study identified a specific gene that was responsible for earwax type， and found that wet earwax was the more dominant trait than dry. The study also explained that wet earwax is more commonly found in populations of Europe and Africa， while dry earwax is extremely common in East Asians （of course， there are exceptions）. The scent （气味） of your earwax can reflect the health condition of your ear.
Earwax is a defensive lubricant， filled with antibacterial and antifungal proteins that helps keep the ear healthy. As a rule of thumb， ear， nose， and throat doctors recommend not trying to clear out your earwax if it’s bothering you （please， put down those cotton swabs）.
However， too much earwax can be a bad thing. There are instances where earwax should be checked and removed by medical professionals. If you’re experiencing any pain in the inner ear， doctors sometimes need to clear out earwax to take a look at your eardrums to ensure there isn’t any damage. It’s particularly important for people who wear hearing aids or hearing assistive devices to get their ears regularly cleaned to prevent severe impactions.
5.What is getting rid of earwax commonly associated with in Japan？（ ）
A.Keeping clean.
B.Staying healthy.
C.Showing affection.
D.Providing support.
6.What’s many doctors’ attitude toward clearing out our earwax？（ ）
A.Doubtful. B.Opposed.
C.Approving. D.Ambiguous.
7.What did the Nature Genetics study in 2006 find？（ ）
A.Dry earwax is generally superior to wet earwax.
B.People usually have wet earwax in Asian countries.
C.The smell of earwax can tell us about our health.
D.Our earwax types are decided by our environment.
8.What’s the purpose of the last paragraph？（ ）
A.To offer a supplement.
B.To introduce a new topic.
C.To provide more evidence.
D.To make a final conclusion.
3 / 3阅读理解题型分类练（四） 推理判断题——写作意图类
A
（2024·九省联考）Parrots are prey animals， which means that other predators （捕食者） in the wild， such as hawks or snakes， are looking to make them into a meal.This one factor influences parrots’ behavior in your house more than any other.
Parrots are most easily hurt when feeding on the ground.Membership in a group plays an important function in ensuring their safety and improving their chances of survival from attacks by predators.The most common predators of parrots include hawks， snakes， cats， monkeys， and bats.Some predators make attacks only during the day while others hunt in the night.
As prey animals， parrots are constantly watching out for danger and they instinctively （本能地） react to risks.Their first choice is to take flight.However， if this is not possible， they will fight with their powerful beaks to defend themselves.
Because their biggest enemy is the hawk， parrots are especially reactive to quick movements from above and behind.For this reason， it is wise to avoid quick， sudden movements near your bird.This is a built-in reaction not subject to logic or reason.Simple and relatively harmless household objects can draw extreme fear responses from a bird.For example， a balloon may represent a hawk or a vacuum hose （吸尘器软管） may be the same as a snake in your bird’s mind.
As prey animals， parrots are often frightened by exposure to new household items or strangers.It is important to expose your bird to safe experiences and changes starting at a very young age to build flexibility and improve their adaptability.Variety in diet and toys， travel， and exposure to new people and places all help to make your bird more flexible and adaptable to change.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了鹦鹉作为被捕食动物的行为特性和生存策略。
1.What is important for parrots to better survive from attacks in the wild？（ ）
A.Living in a group.
B.Growing beautiful feathers.
C.Feeding on the ground.
D.Avoiding coming out at night.
解析：A 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，加入一个群体可以在一定程度上确保它们的安全和提高它们在被捕食者攻击时的生存机会。
2.What is parrots’ first response to an immediate risk？（ ）
A.To attack back. B.To get away.
C.To protect the young. D.To play dead.
解析：B 细节理解题。根据第三段第一、二句可知，鹦鹉对直接风险的第一反应是飞走，也就是逃跑。
3.Why would a balloon frighten a parrot？（ ）
A.It may explode suddenly.
B.It may be in a strange shape.
C.It may have a strong color.
D.It may move around quickly.
解析：D 推理判断题。根据第四段第一句和最后一句中的a balloon may represent a hawk可知，由于鹦鹉最大的敌人是鹰，因此，它对来自上方和后方的快速移动反应较大；在鹦鹉眼里，家里的气球可能代表了鹰。由此推断，气球之所以会吓到鹦鹉是因为气球可能会迅速四处移动。
4.What is the author’s purpose of writing the text？（ ）
A.To explain wild parrots’ behavior.
B.To give advice on raising a parrot.
C.To call for action to protect animals.
D.To introduce a study on bird ecology.
解析：B 写作意图题。文章前三段介绍了鹦鹉在野外生存的状况；第四段讲到鹦鹉对家里的一些事物的激烈反应；最后一段讲到家养鹦鹉时要注意的事项。总之，全文都是为了引出家养鹦鹉时应该如何让鹦鹉更适应变化、更具灵活性。因此，作者写本文的目的是给读者提供居家饲养鹦鹉的建议和注意事项。
B
（2024·宁波模拟）In many Asian cultures， ear cleaning is an act of care and love that’s been around for centuries. The gentle practice of removing the sticky stuff in your ear holes is seen as a relaxing， loving household ritual depicted in Japan Edo-era woodcut prints and cartoons of wives who would clean their husbands’ ears or of mothers who would clean their children’s ears.
Even though we’re super obsessed with getting rid of earwax （耳垢）， many ear， nose， and throat doctors say that earwax is best left alone. In fact， your earwax can tell quite a bit about you. For instance， most of us fall into two main groups of earwax types： wet or dry. What type you have links back to your genetics.
In 2006 a Nature Genetics study identified a specific gene that was responsible for earwax type， and found that wet earwax was the more dominant trait than dry. The study also explained that wet earwax is more commonly found in populations of Europe and Africa， while dry earwax is extremely common in East Asians （of course， there are exceptions）. The scent （气味） of your earwax can reflect the health condition of your ear.
Earwax is a defensive lubricant， filled with antibacterial and antifungal proteins that helps keep the ear healthy. As a rule of thumb， ear， nose， and throat doctors recommend not trying to clear out your earwax if it’s bothering you （please， put down those cotton swabs）.
However， too much earwax can be a bad thing. There are instances where earwax should be checked and removed by medical professionals. If you’re experiencing any pain in the inner ear， doctors sometimes need to clear out earwax to take a look at your eardrums to ensure there isn’t any damage. It’s particularly important for people who wear hearing aids or hearing assistive devices to get their ears regularly cleaned to prevent severe impactions.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。我们在日常生活中都有掏耳朵的习惯，可是，医学专家并不提倡我们这么做。
5.What is getting rid of earwax commonly associated with in Japan？（ ）
A.Keeping clean. B.Staying healthy.
C.Showing affection. D.Providing support.
解析：C 推理判断题。根据第一段可知，在许多亚洲文化中，清洁耳朵是一种呵护和示爱的行为，这尤其体现在日本江户时代的木刻版画和漫画中——它们往往描绘的是妻子为丈夫清洁耳朵或母亲为孩子清洁耳朵的情景。
6.What’s many doctors’ attitude toward clearing out our earwax？（ ）
A.Doubtful. B.Opposed.
C.Approving. D.Ambiguous.
解析：B 观点态度题。根据第二段可知，尽管我们对清除耳垢非常着迷，但许多耳鼻喉科医生说，最好不要去理会耳垢。
7.What did the Nature Genetics study in 2006 find？（ ）
A.Dry earwax is generally superior to wet earwax.
B.People usually have wet earwax in Asian countries.
C.The smell of earwax can tell us about our health.
D.Our earwax types are decided by our environment.
解析：C 细节理解题。根据第三段可知，2006年《自然遗传学》的一项研究发现了一种与耳垢类型有关的特定基因，并发现湿耳垢比干耳垢更占优势；同时，该研究还解释说，湿耳垢在欧洲和非洲人群中更为常见，而干耳垢在东亚人中极为常见；另外，耳垢的气味会告诉你耳朵的健康状况。
8.What’s the purpose of the last paragraph？（ ）
A.To offer a supplement.
B.To introduce a new topic.
C.To provide more evidence.
D.To make a final conclusion.
解析：A 写作意图题。上文反复强调的一个观点是：我们没必要去清除耳垢。而最后一段作者对上文进行了补充说明：然而，太多的耳垢可能是一件坏事。有些情况下，耳垢应该由医疗专业人员检查和清除。
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