河北省武邑中学2015-2016学年高中英语必修五Unit 1 Great scientists（导学案,无答案）

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教学目的:掌握重点单词用法，达到音
形
意
用法四会要求
教学重点：过去分词用法
作定语和表语
重点词汇用法
1.characteristic是可数名词，意为“与众不同的特征”
;
adj.
典型的；独特的，特有的
character_______
______________________________________________(写出汉语意思)
2.
put
forward:
提出
He
put
forward
a
new
theory.
An
interesting
suggestion
for
measuring
the
atmosphere
around
Mars
has
been
put
forward.
☆
put
on______________________
put
out__________________________
put
up
with…___________
put
down__________________；
put
off
_______________
put
up__________________________
3.
scientific:_____________;
科学:
___________
科学家:
____________
;
科幻小说:_______________
4.
conclude:
①decide
that
sth.
is
true
after
considering
al
the
information
you
have得出结论；推论出
②to
end
sth.
such
as
a
meeting
or
speech
by
doing
or
saying
one
final
thing结束，终止；
From
his
appearance
we
may
safely
conclude
that
he
is
a
heavy
smoker.
______________
n.结论
得出结论的几种表达:
_______________________________________________________________________________________
5.
analyse:
to
examine
or
think
about
something
carefully
in
order
to
understand
it
分析结果、检讨、细察
Let’s
analyze
the
problem
and
see
what
went
wrong.
We
must
try
to
analyze
the
causes
of
our
failure.
☆
_______
n.分析，解析，分解
6.
defeat:
①
vt.
to
win
a
victory
over
someone
in
a
war,
competition,
game
etc.打败，战胜，使受挫
I’ve
tried
to
solve
the
problem,
but
it
defeats
me!
②
n.失败，输
failure
to
win
or
succeed
They
have
got
six
victories
and
two
defeats.
7.
expert:
①
n.
专家，能手
心理专家
__________________________农业专家_________________________________________
②
adj.having
special
skill
or
special
knowledge
of
a
subject内行的,专家的
熟练的骑手_______________________
an
expert
job_________________
He
is
expert
in
/
at
cooking.
8.
attend:
①
be
present
at参加;
_________________(反义短语)
参加仪式_____________________
听讲座/_____________/
上学attend
school
/
上课___________________________参加会议___________________________
②
attend
to
(on):
to
look
after,
care
for,
serve伺候,
照顾，看护
母亲不得不照顾生病的儿子:
_________________________________________.
③
attend
to处理，注意倾听
Can
you
attend
to
the
matter
immediately
Excuse
me,
but
I
have
an
urgent
matter
to
attend
to.
9.
physician:
医生;
身体的
肉体的___________;
精神的;
___________________体检_______________________;
物理_______________;
物理学家_____________________;
10.
expose:
to
show
sth.
that
is
usually
covered暴露
________________________________________把某事暴露于光天化日之下
_________________________________________他把皮肤暴露在阳光下.
The
old
man
was
left
exposed
to
wind
and
rain.
When
he
smiled
he
exposed
a
set
of
perfect
white
teeth.
11.
cure:
vt.
&
n.
to
make
someone
who
is
ill
well
again治疗,痊愈
①cure
sb
of
a
disease
Although
the
boy
was
beyond
cure,
his
parents
tried
to
cure
him
of
bad
habits.
②a
cure
for
a
disease
Aspirin
is
said
to
be
a
wonderful
cure
for
the
pain.
③a
cure
for
sth.:
to
remove
a
problem,
or
improve
a
bad
situation(解决问题，改善困境)的措施，对策
The
prices
are
going
up
every
day,
but
there
is
no
cure
for
rising
prices.
They
cured
me
of
my
influenza.
They
treated
me
with
a
new
drug.
12.
challenge:
n.挑战;
挑战书;
邀请比赛;
要求决斗
vt.
向...挑战,
要求,
怀疑
;
vi.
挑战,
质疑;
e.g.
____________________________
面对严峻挑战;
__________________________
质疑观点
Teaching
young
children
is
a
challenging
and
rewarding
job.(有挑战性的)
13.
absorb:
①to
take
sth.
in
especially
gradually吸收
Plants
absorb
carbon
dioxide.
②
to
understand
facts
or
ideas
completely
and
remember
them
It’s
hard
to
absorb
so
much
information.
☆
____________________________
=
concentrate
on专心于
他最近喜欢研究中国历史了:________________________________________________.
14.
suspect:
to
think
that
something
is
probably
true,
especially
something
bad
①
vt.
怀疑，猜疑
n.
嫌疑犯，有嫌疑的人
________________________________________________________.她怀疑是他拿了她的钱.
②以为，猜想
We
suspected
that
he
had
finished
doing
his
homework.
15.
neighborhood:
an
area
of
a
town
or
city
社区,街坊
16.
severe
adj.
①
so
serious,
so
bad
严厉的，苛刻的，严格的
他严厉的表情吓坏了我:
__________________________________.
②very
harmful
or
painful,
serious
or
uncomfortable（疼痛）剧烈的,
严重的，
他病的如此严重以致住院了:____________________________________________________l.
17.
pump:
n.
a
machine
for
forcing
liquid
or
gas
into
or
out
of
something.泵,抽水机,打气筒
v.
to
make
liquid
or
gas
move
in
a
particular
direction.
using
a
pump.
用泵抽出/注入sth;
Blood
pumped
from
the
wound.
18.
foresee:
to
know
that
sth.
is
going
to
happen
before
it
actually
happens
vt.
预见，预料
foresee---foresaw--foreseen
没有分析家预见到油价会飙升:______________________________________________________
19.
blame
v.
责备；谴责；把……归咎于
n.
过失；责备
①blame
sb.
/
sth.
for
sth.:
to
say
or
think
that
sb.
or
sth.
is
responsible
for
sth.
bad
因…而指责
他们因为计划延迟而指责秘书:_____________________________________________________.
②
blame
sth.
on
sb.
/
sth.
把……归咎于:
be
responsible
for
sth.
bad
警方把交通事故归咎于Jack的粗心驾驶:_______________________________________________
把我们的失败怪在他身上是没有用的:_________________________________________________
③
(be)
to
blame应受责备（主动表被动）；承担责任
哪个司机应该为这事故承担责任
_________________________________________________
④
take
the
blame承担责任to
say
that
sth.
is
your
fault
He
is
ready
to
take
the
blame
for
what
had
happened.
20.
pollute:
to
make
air,
water,
soil
etc
dangerously
dirty
污染物____________;
受污染的____________________;
污染(n)___________________;
21.
handle:
vt.
to
deal
with
n.
把手，把柄
The
children
are
so
naughty
that
I
can't
handle
them.
______________
This
shop
handles
paper
and
stationery.
_______________
How
shall
we
handle
the
problem.
_________________
It
has
a
free
handle.
___________________
He
learnt
how
to
handle
the
axe.
______________
22.
link:
①
v.
连接，联系
The
two
towns
are
linked
by
a
railway.
The
new
bridge
will
link
the
island
to
the
mainland.
②
n.
l联系，关系
Researchers
have
found
a
link
between
smoking
and
heart
disease.
link
up
(with)
sb/sth
连接，结合;link…with
/to把…与相连接
23.
announce:
宣布,宣告
Everyone
was
silent
as
he
announced
the
winner
of
the
competition.
announcement
n.
宣告,宣布
He
waited
for
the
announcement
of
the
result
of
the
competition.
☆__________
an
announcement
宣布
24.
instruct:
to
teach;
to
order
指示，命令
老工人对我们进行言传身教的指导:
____________________________________________________.
☆
instruction:
n.
说明(书)
detailed
directions
on
procedure;
an
order;
teaching
认真阅读瓶子上的说明书,按照合适的剂量用药.
Always_____________________________on
the
bottle
carefully
and
take
the
right
amount
of
medicine.
25.
construct---construction:n.
建造，建设，构筑
The
construction
of
the
dam
took
several
years.
_______________________________________________________在建设/维修/讨论中/治疗/控制下
26.
contribute:
vt.
&
vi捐献，贡献，捐助
Everyone
should
contribute
what
he
or
she
can
afford.
contribute
to
有助于，造成=___________________________________
Plastic
bags
are
provided
for
our
convenience
but
they
have
also
contributed
to
the
pollution
of
the
environment.
contribute
sth.
to把…捐赠给…,给…投稿，为…贡献
make
a
contribution
to为…做贡献
He
contributed
five
million
dollars
to
the
Red
Cross.
He
contributed
some
articles
to
the
newspaper.
27.
apart
from:
除…之外（还有）besides;
moreover;
what’s
more;
in
addition;
I
ate
everything
apart
from
the
soup.(except)
What
do
you
like
doing
apart
from
swimming
(besides)
28.
firework:烟花(一般用复数)
29.
positive:
积极的;主动的;
_______________反义词
26.make
sense:
讲得通，有意义;
有道理；是明智的_____________________理解
nonsense
废话，
No
matter
how
I
tried
to
read
it,
the
sentence
does
not
make
any
sense
to
me.
Can
you
make
sense
of
what
I
said
/
what
the
writer
is
saying
It
would
make
sense
to
leave
early.
30.
backward:
looking
or
facing
in
the
direction
that
is
behind
you向后的,朝后的;
forward向前的
31.
spin:
to
turn
around
and
around
very
quickly;旋转
spin—spun—spun;
spinning;
32.
enthusiastic:
be
enthusiastic
for
(about)…对…热心
David
is
very
enthusiastic
about
the
plan.
They
are
enthusiastic
admirers
of
that
movie
star.
My
parents
are
enthusiastic
skiers.滑雪迷
回顾：
Statistics
indicate
that
women
are
______shoppers
in
Europe,
contributing
to
four
–
fifths
of
annual
online
shopping
sales.
A．enthusiastic B．potential C．traditional D．intelligent
33.
cautious:
careful
to
avoid
danger
or
risks.
小心的;
谨慎的;
______________(n)
be
cautious
of
/
about
对…谨慎，慎重(带有提防、迟疑的心理)
She
is
cautious
of
hurting
his
feelings.
The
bank
was
very
cautious
about
lending
money.
34.
reject:
to
refuse
to
accept;
拒绝，驳回，丢弃
The
supermarket
rejected
all
spotted
apples.
He
rejected
their
offer
of
a
job.
The
child
was
rejected
by
its
parents.
35.
universe:
宇宙,世界;
_______________
宇宙的,世界的,全体的;
_____________________大学
It
is
universally
accepted
that…….普遍认可…..
课文要点
1.
So
many
thousands
of
terrified
people
died
every
time
there
was
an
outbreak.
【解析】
every
time
可以作连词，引导时间状语从句。
Every
time
I
read
the
novel,
I
have
a
better
understanding
of
the
characters.
【归纳拓展】
与every
time作连词用时相类似的还有：________________________________________________
He
came
directly
I
called.
I
want
to
see
her
the
moment
she
arrives.
2.
He
knew
that
cholera
would
never
be
controlled
until
its
cause
was
found.
Not
until
位于句首，主句应部分倒装。
Eg:
Not
until
yesterday_____________________(我才注意到它).
Not
until
I
came
home
last
night
___________________________(妈妈才去睡觉).
【考点】
control
vt&n.
控制，支配
Hearing
his
words,
I
struggled
to
control
my
temper.
(Lose
one’s
temper)
Everything
is
under
control.
Control______________(现在分词)
___________________(过去式)____________________(过去分词)
【拓展】
control
短语归纳
_____________________无法控制
be
in
control
of
sth
控制…
___________________
失去控制__________________
失去对….的控制
gain/take/seize
control
of
取得了对…的控制
【演练】
Don’t
worry!
I
believe
the
A/H1N1
virus
will
soon
be______.
A.
out
of
control
B.
out
of
the
control
C.
under
control
D.
under
the
control
司机对汽车失去了控制。The
driver
_____
_____
_____　his
car.
The
second
suggested
that
people
absorbed
this
disease
into
their
bodies
with
their
meals.
【考点一】
1）suggest
作“表明，暗示”讲时，宾语从句不用虚拟语气。
Her
pale
face
suggested
that
she
was
ill.
2)
suggest
作”建议”讲时，宾语从句多用虚拟语气“should+v”,should
可省。
All
of
them
suggested_____________________________(工作马上开始).
3)
suggest
+Ving
He
suggested
___________________________.(带孩子去动物园).
4）suggestion
n.建议【C】
advice【U】
提建议make
a
suggestion/give
advice
These
suggestions
didn’t
appeal
to
me.
【考点二】
absorb
vt.
吸收，吸引，使专心
This
kind
of
paper
absorbs
ink.
The
book
absorbed
her
attention.
He
was
absorbed
in
his
work.
【拓展】
1)
absorb
可表示“接受（看法、知识等）”如：
The
clever
boy
absorbed
all
the
knowledge
his
teacher
could
give
him.
2)
be
absorbed
in
被…吸引住，使专注于…,聚精会神（做某事）
My
son
was
absorbed
in
the
movie
and
didn’t
hear
my
call.
【演练】______
in
his
task,
the
old
man
didn’t
notice
the
woman
enter
his
office.
A.
Absorbed
B.
Absorbing
C.
Absorbs
D.
To
absorb
4.
He
immediately
told
the
astonished
people
in
Broad
Street
to
remove
the
handle
from
the
pump
so
that
it
could
not
be
used.
他马上叫宽街上的百姓拆掉水泵的把手，这样，水泵就用不成了。
【考点】1)
immediately
adv.
立刻，马上
If
you
hear
an
alarm,
leave
the
building
immediately.
June
comes
immediately
after
May.
2)
immediately
还可以作连词用。”一…就….”
_______________________________________(钟表一打十二点我就离开了).
【演练】The
bomb
exploded________
the
police
officer
started
his
car.
A.
soon
B.
immediately
C.
presently
D.
shortly
5.
In
addition,
he
found
two
other
deaths
in
another
part
of
London
that
were
linked
to
the
Broad
Street
outbreak.
In
addition
另外
They
eat
a
great
deal
of
fruit
in
addition.
【拓展】
in
addition
to
“除了…之外（还有），包括”。与besides,
apart
from,
as
well
as
意思相近。
【演练】
1）In
addition
_(另外),
the
book
provide
another
teaching
skill.
2)
Helen
speaks
German
well
_
in
addition
to_(除了…外)
French.
6.
A
woman,
who
had
moved
away
from
Broad
Street,
liked
the
water
so
much
that
she
had
it
delivered
from
the
pump
to
her
house
every
day.
have
sth
done
1)
使（让，请）别人做某事，表示的动作是别人做的。Qin
Shi
Huang
had
all
the
walls
joined
up.
2)
遭遇到某事。
Houses
near
airports
sometimes
have
their
windows
broken.
Workers
in
some
industries
have
their
hearing
harmed
by
the
noise
of
the
machine.
【归纳拓展】
1)have
sb.
do
sth.
“让\叫某人做某事”
The
captain
had
the
soldier
stand
in
the
sun.
2）have
sb./sth.
doing
sth
让某人/某物一直做某事;
或用在否定句中，表不容许，不容忍
Please
don’t
have
the
lights
burning
all
night.
Using
Language
1.
He
placed
a
fixed
sun
at
the
center
of
the
solar
system
with
the
planets
going
round
it
and
only
the
moon
still
going
round
the
earth.
他把太阳固定太阳系的中心位置上，而星星则围绕着太阳转，只有月球仍绕着地球转。
【用法点拨】
句中的with
the
planets
going
round
it
and
only
the
moon
still
going
round
the
earth
在句中作状语，其结构为：“with+名词/代词+宾补”，这是with的复合结构。能充当宾补的有不定式、分词、形容词、副词、介词短语等。它可以表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随.
We
found
the
hotel
with
the
little
boy
leading
us.
The
thief
was
brought
in,
with
his
hands
tied
behind
his
back.
The
building
looks
more
beautiful
with
all
the
lights
on.
He
sleeps,
with
all
the
windows
open.
With
a
lot
of
problems
to
deal
with,
the
manager
worked
late
into
the
night.
【演练】
I
couldn’t
do
my
homework
with
all
that
noise_____.
A.
going
on
B.
goes
on
C.
went
on
D.
to
go
on
(2)
_____
only
20
minutes
to
go
before
the
train
left,
I
felt
uneasy
in
the
taxi
to
the
railway
station..
A.
For
B.
With
C.
As
D.
Because
【完成句子】
He
sat
there______________________________________(脸上带着微笑)
_______________________________(因无事可做),
we
went
to
the
cinema.
2.
Only
if
you
put
the
sun
there
did
the
movements
of
the
other
planets
in
the
sky
make
sense.
只有把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。
【用法点拨】
Only
if
conj.
只有当/只是在…的时候，主句部分倒装。
Only
if
I
get
a
job
_____________________
enough
money
to
go
to
school.
Only
if
you
work
hard
____________________English
well.
【归纳拓展】Only+状语/状语从句放在句首时，主句要部分倒装，但是only若修饰主语，虽然放在句首，句子不倒装。
【演练】______
you
eat
the
correct
foods
_______
be
able
to
keep
fit
and
stay
healthy.
A.
Only
if,
will
you
B.
Only
if,
you
will
C.
Unless,
will
you
D.
Unless,
you
will
【佳句背诵】(1)
Only
by
working
hard
can
we
succeed.
Only
when
I
have
seen
it
with
my
own
eyes
will
I
believe
it.
Only
No.16
and
19
pandas
were
chosen
as
gifts
to
be
given
to
Taiwan.
根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：
In
the
times
of
Queen
Victoria,
so-called
"King
Cholera"
hit
Londoners,
which
often
1
（导致）large
numbers
of
2
(dead).
Thanks
to
John
Snow,
a
then
well
known
3
,
this
deadly
disease
finally
got
controlled.
John
Snow
thought
4
most
important
was
to
find
its
5
.
So
he
began
to
gather
the
information,
for
which
he
made
a
map,
on
which
he
marked
6
the
7
（受害者）had
lived.
As
a
result,
he
found
out
that
the
8
(污染)
water
was
the
cause
of
cholera
and
suggested
that
the
source
of
all
water
supplies
9
（检查）immediately.
Finally
"King
Cholera"
10
(defeat).
2015-2016高二
必修五能力学案
（实验班专用）
姓名__________
班级______
学号_______
Editor:
Guo
Sir　Proofreader:Guo
Sir
Unit
1
Great
scientists