河北省武邑中学2015-2016学年高中英语选修8Unit 1 a land of diversity（导学案）

重点词汇用法
1.
elect
vt.选举，推选；选择,
决定做某事
n
_election___
1)
They
elected
Tom
(as)
their
representative.
elect
sb
(as)
president/leader/Mayer
etc
2）He
was
elected
to
a
US
state
governorship.
他被选为美国的一个州长。elect
sb
to
sth
3)
You
can
elect
to
delete
the
message
or
save
it.
你可以选择删除或者保存信息。elect
to
do
sth
【即学即练】
The
government
is
made
up
of
men
and
women
_________(elect)
by
the
people
of
the
country.
2.
occur
vi.发生；出现
__occurred__
pt.
__occurred___
pp.
occurrence
n.
1)
A
third
of
accidental
deaths
occur
in
the
home.
有三分之一的意外死亡事件发生在家里。
2)
The
cattle
disease occurs more
or
less
anywhere
in
Africa
where
the
fly occurs.
在非洲凡是有这种蝇虫的地方，几乎都会出现这一牛病。
3)
occur
to
sb.（主意或想法突然）浮现于脑中；被想起，被想到
A
brilliant
idea
occurred
to
him,
while
he
was
devoted
to
his
research
in
the
lab.
当他在实验室研究的时候，他突然灵光一闪想到了一个绝妙的主意。
It
didn’t
occur
to
him
that
his
wife
was
having
an
affair.（it
occurs
to
sb
that）
他没想到自己的妻子有婚外情。
It
did
not occur to
me
to
check
my
insurance
policy.
(it
occurs
to
sb
to
do
sth)
我没有想到要核实我的保险单条款。
3.
indicate
v.
指出；标示；表明；暗示
n.__indication__
1)
A
survey
of
retired
people
has indicated that
most
are
independent
and
enjoying
life.
对退休人员的调查表明，大部分人都自食其力,享受生活。
2)
Mr
Rivers
has indicated that
he
may
resign.
里弗斯先生暗示他可能会辞职。
3)
Pelham
moved
across
to indicate a
wall
chart.
佩勒姆走过去指着一张挂图。
4)
The
arrow
on
a
sign
indicates
the
way
to
go.
标志牌上的箭头表示道路的去向。
5)
He
told
us
when
to indicate and
when
to
change
gear.
他告诉我们何时打转向灯、何时换挡。
4.
slip
vi.
__slipped_
(pt.);
__slipped_
(pp.)
n.滑动；滑倒
__slip__
adj.
_slippery_
1）滑;滑倒
He
had
slipped
on
an
icy
pavement.
2）滑落，脱落
As
he
bent
over,
the
towel
round
his
waist
slipped.
他弯腰的时候，系在腰间的毛巾滑了下来。
He
watched
the
sun
slip
down
behind
the
mountains.
他看着太阳落下山。
The
ring
had
slipped
off
Julia’s
finger.
戒指从茱莉娅的手指上滑脱了。
Cally
slipped
from
his
grasp
and
fled.
卡利从他手中挣脱逃跑了。
3）迅速而悄无声息地走(到某处);溜(到某处)
Amy
slipped
downstairs
and
out
of
the
house.
埃米偷偷下楼溜出了房子。
She
slipped
into
the
driving
seat
and
closed
the
door.
她溜进了驾驶座，关上了门。
4)
迅速而不被注意地放置;偷偷塞进
I
slipped
a
note
under
Louise's
door.
我偷偷在路易斯的房门下面塞了一张便条。
He
found
a
coin
in
his
pocket
and
slipped
it
into
her
collecting
tin.
他摸到口袋里有一枚硬币，便匆匆丢进她的讨钱罐。
5)
偷偷地给;把…塞给
Robert
had
slipped
her
a
note
in
school.
罗伯特在学校里偷偷地塞给她一张纸条。
She
looked
round
before
pulling
out
a
package
and
slipping
it
to
the
man.
她四下里看了看，然后拿出一个包裹，偷偷地塞给了这个男人。
6)
不知不觉地转入(某种状态);逐渐陷入(某种情况)
He
had
begun
to
slip
into
debt.
他开始欠债了。
7）下降;下跌
In
June,
producer
prices
slipped
0.1%
from
May.
6月的生产价格比5月下降了
0.1%。
His
popularity
slipped
further
after
a
series
of
scandals.经过一连串丑闻后，他的支持率进一步下降了。
8） 迅速轻松地穿上/脱下
She
slipped
out
of
the
jacket
and
tossed
it
on
the
couch.
她麻利地脱下夹克，扔在了沙发上。
I
slipped
off
my
woollen
gloves.
我迅速地脱下了毛绒手套。
9）飞逝；过得飞快
The
hours
slipped
past
almost
unnoticed.
时间在不知不觉中溜走了。
【拓展】
1)
Slip
your
mind/memory
被遗忘，被忘记
The
reason
for
my
visit
had
obviously
slipped
his
mind.
他显然已经忘掉了我的来意。
2）let
sth
slip
无意中说出某事，泄露某事
He
let
it
slip
that
they
were
planning
to
get
married.
他说漏了嘴，说他们打算要结婚了。
I
bet
he
let
slip
that
I'd
gone
to
America.
我可以打赌，是他走漏了我去了美国的消息。
3）let
sth
slip
(through
your
fingers)
错过机会
Don’t
let
a
chance
like
that
slip
through
your
fingers.
别错失这么一个机会！
5.
hire
vt.&
n.
租用；雇用
The
best
way
to
explore
the
island
is
to
hire
a
car.在该岛上寻幽访胜的最好方式就是租用一辆汽车。
No
ordinary
families
can
afford
to
hire
servants.普通人家雇不起仆人。
The
rest
of
the
staff
have
been
hired
on
short-term
contracts.
其余的工作人员签的是短期雇用合同。
A
city
lawyer
has
been
hired
to
handle
the
case.
聘请了一位该城市的律师来处理这一案件。
【拓展】"Why
don't
you
hire
out
your
spare
room
to
other
people,
and
earn
some
money "
你为什么不把空闲的房间租给别人来赚些钱呢
reform
vt.&vi.
改进；改革；（使）改过自新
n.
改革；改造；改良
adj.
reformed
改革过的，革新的
his
plans
to
reform
the
country's
economy.
他的国家经济改革计划
When
his
court
case
was
coming
up,
James
promised
to
reform.他的案子即将开审的时候，詹姆斯保证会改过自新。
He
has
urged
reform
of
the
welfare
system.
他极力主张进行福利制度改革。
The
reform
and
open
policy
has
brought
us
Chinese
people
a
rich
and
colorful
life.
改革开放政策给我们中国人民带来了富裕而多彩的生活。
A
reformed
party
would
have
to
win
the
approval
of
the
people.一个革新的政党需要赢得人民的认可。
7.
nowhere
=
not
anywhere
adv.
无处；到处都无
1)
Nowhere
else
in
the
world
can
there
be
such
a
quiet
beautiful
place.
世界上再也没有这般恬静、幽美的地方了。
2)
We
discussed
it
all
morning
but
got
nowhere.（没有进展，没有结果）
=
made
no
progress
or
had
no
success.
He
was
getting
nowhere
(=making
no
progress)with
his
homework
until
his
sister
helped
him.
他在姐姐的帮助之下作业才有些进步。
A
negative
attitude
will
get
you
nowhere.
消极的态度会让你一无所获。
3)
nowhere
to
be
found/seen:
impossible
for
anyone
to
find
or
see
哪儿也找不到那笔钱._______________________________
4)
The
hall
was
nowhere
near
full.
那大厅远未满座。
【高考链接】
We
only
had
$100
and
that
was_____
to
buy
a
new
computer.(2010辽宁)
A.
nowhere
near
enough
B.
near
enough
nowhere
C.
enough
near
nowhere
D.
near
nowhere
enough
boom
n.（人口、贸易的）繁荣，激增，兴旺；隆隆声;
vi.
处于经济迅速发展时期；以低沉而有回响的声音发出;
发出隆隆声;
An
economic
boom
followed,
especially
in
housing
and
construction.接着出现了经济繁荣，尤其是在房地产业和建筑业。
The
1980s
were
indeed
boom
years.
20世纪80年代是真正的繁荣时期。
The
stillness
of
night
was
broken
by
the
boom
of
a
cannon.
夜晚的寂静被隆隆的炮声打破。
By
1988
the
economy
was
booming.
到1988年经济一直很繁荣。
Sales
are
booming.
销售额在快速增长。
It
has
a
booming
tourist
industry.
其旅游产业在蓬勃发展。
短语用法
1.
live
on
1)
She
lived
on
for
many
years
after
her
husband
died.
丈夫死后她继续活了多年。
Mozart
is
dead
but
his
music
lives
on.
莫扎特人已作古,但他的音乐作品却万世流传.
2)
Small
birds
live
mainly
on
insects.
小鸟主要靠食昆虫为主。
He
lives
on
a
salary
of
$500
a
month.
【拓展】
live
up
to
达到，符合（标准）；履行（诺言）；不辜负（他人的期望）
live
with
和…一起住；忍受（put
up
with,tolerate）
live
through
经历..而幸存
【即学即练】
1）These
traditions
will
___________
for
centuries.
2）He
____________
both
world
wars.
3)
You
might
not
like
the
situation,
but
you’ll
have
to
learn
to______
it.
4)
He
failed
to
________________
his
parents’
expectations.
【高考链接】
1.
Had
she____
her
promise,
she
would
have
made
it
to
Yale
University.
A.
looked
up
to
B.
lived
up
to
C.
kept
up
with
D.
come
up
with
2.
In
modern
times,
people
have
to
learn
to
_____all
kinds
of
pressure
although
they
are
leading
a
comfortable
life.
A.
keep
with
B.
stay
with
C.
meet
with
D.
live
with
2.
by
means
of
_____________
【拓展】by
all
means=of
course
by
no
means
决不;一点也不
【即学即练】
1）-----
Do
you
mind
if
I
have
a
look

-----
__________.(当然行)
2）By
no
means
____________(他们将屈服)
to
the
terrible
circumstances
at
that
time
although
faced
with
great
difficulty.
3)
The
local
army
men
helped
the
victims
of
the
earthquake
_________
rebuilding
their
houses.
3.
keep
up
坚持；维持；沿袭（风俗、传统等）
I
think
you
should
keep
up
your
courage/
your
good
work.
我认为你应该鼓足自己的勇气。
They
sang
songs
to
keep
their
spirits
up.他们唱歌以保持高昂的情绪。
【即学即练】
经济繁荣能持续多久？________________________________
They
refused
to__________________(沿袭旧的传统)
and
wanted
to
reform.
4.
take
in
The
tour
takes
in
six
European
capitals.
Fish
take
in
oxygen
through
their
gills.
Don’t
be
taken
in
by
his
charm---he’s
cruel.
I
couldn’t
take
in
the
meaning
of
the
word.
He
was
homeless,
so
we
took
him
in.
典型句式
1.
It
also
has
the
distinction
of
being
the
most
multicultural
state
in
the
USA,
having
attracted
people
from
all
over
the
world.
(1)
multicultural
adj.
multi-
多、多方面、多方向的
multi-coloured
多色的
multi-racial
多种族的
multi-media
多媒体
multiparty多党制的
(2)
having
done…
作状语,
表示这个动作发生在主句动作之前
练一练：
The
country
has
already
sent
up
three
unmanned
spacecraft,
the
most
recent
___at
the
end
of
last
March.
A．has
been
launched
B．having
been
launched
C．being
launched
D．to
be
launched
___in
the
queue
for
half
an
hour,
Tom
suddenly
realized
that
he
had
left
his
wallet
at
home.
A.
To
wait
B.
Have
waited
C.
Having
waited
D.
To
have
waited
2.Thousands
were
killed
or
forced
into
slavery.
force
…into
…强迫…成为、做、进入…
(1).
They
forced
him
into
signing
(to
sign)
the
paper.
(2).
He
forced
his
feet
into
his
shoes.
(3)
She
was
forced
into
crime
by
circumstances.她为境遇所迫而犯罪。
3.Of
the
first
Spanish
to
go
to
California,
the
majority
were
religious
men.
majority
n.大多数…
minority
n.少数
The
majority
of
students
________
hard-working.
The
majority
of
the
damage
_______
easy
to
repair.
the
majority
of
+
n.
后可用_______，也可用__________,
谓语动词由___________决定。单独做主语时，若强调整体，谓语动词用单数，强调个体时，谓语动词用复数。
4.The
nearest,
and
therefore
the
first
to
arrive,
were
South
Americans
and
people
from
the
United
States.
当名词被最高级，序数词修饰时，可用to不定式作后置定语.
She
is
always
the
first
to
arrive
and
the
last
to
leave.
Autumn
is
the
best
season
to
travel.
4.
It
is
believed
that
before
long
the
mix
of
nationalities
will
be
so
great
that
there
will
be
no
distinct
major
racial
or
cultural
groups,
but
simply
a
mixture
of
many
races
and
cultures.
(1)It
is
believed/
said/
hoped/
supposed/
suggested/
reported
that…
It
is
reported
that
some
European
countries
are
flooded
severely.
It
is
hoped
that
the
cost
of
medical
care
can
be
cut
down.
(2)
mix
n.混合，混乱v.
混合
mixture
n.
混合物,混合体
We
have
to
come
up
with
a
mix
of
policies
to
please
the
voters.（
折中）
You
can
mix
yellow
and
blue
together
to
make
green.
The
drink
is
a
mixture
of
3
different
kinds
of
drinks.
Success
is
a
___
of
a
sharp
mind
and
hard
training
rather
than
just
talking.
A.
mixture
B.
thought
C.
time
D.
action
(3)
nationality
国籍
--What’s
your
nationality
--Chinese
学以致用
Fill
in
the
blanks
using
the
phrases
below.
1.
His
son
sent
him
an
e-mail
saying
how
he
was__________
in
Australia.
2.
If
two
people
stand_______________,
they
stand
with
their
backs
facing
or
touching
each
other.
3.
The
two
companies
have
___________________
to
produce
new
software.
4.
I’ve
known
her
for_____________________
years.
5.
I
__________________the
Consulate
for
a
visa.
6.
Police_____________________
a
car-park
before
the
supermarket.
7.
These
settlers
crossed
the
Bering
Strait
to
America
_____________
a
land
bridge.
8.
Immigrants
from
Denmark
established
a
town____________,
which
today
still______________
their
Danish
culture.
Word-spelling:
1.
____________(显然地)
he’d
been
shocked
when
he
saw
a
terrible
accident
in
which
a
tram’s
brakes
failed.
2.The
civil
authorities
__________(改革)the
system
so
that
many
more
Chinese
people
were
able
to
grasp
the
opportunity
of
settling
in
the
USA.
3.
We
should
draw
a
d___________between
right
and
wrong.
4.Nobody
knows
who
will
be
________(选举)as
president
or
vice
president
of
this
country.
M8U1学案答案：
1.election
elected
2.
occurred
occurred
3.indication
4.
slipped
slipped
slip
slippery
7.The
money
was
nowhere
to
be
found.
A
1.
1)
live
on
2)
lived
through
3)live
with
4)live
up
to
BD
2.
by
all
means
would
they
give
in
by
means
of
4.
How
long
can
the
economic
boom
keep
up
keep
up
old
traditions
III学以致用：
1.B
C
3.are;
is;
可数名词；
不可数名词；
of之后的词
4.A
1.making
a
life
2.
back
to
back
3.teamed
up
4.a
great/
good
many
5.applied
to
6.marked
out
7.by
means
of
8.of
their
own
9.keeps
up
1.Apparently
2.reformed
3.distinction
4.elected
2015-2016高二
选修八能力学案
（实验班专用）
姓名__________
班级______
学号_______
Editor:
Guo
Sir　Proofreader:
Guo
sir
Unit1
a
land
of
diversity
keep
up
make
a
life
back
to
back
team
up
with
of
their
own
apply
to
sb.
mark
out
by
means
of
a
great/
good
many