河北省武邑中学2015-2016学年高中英语选修8Unit 3 Inventors and inventions（导学案）

重点词汇
1.seize
v.
（突然猛地）抓取，攫取；（用武力）夺取，占领，抢去；没收，收缴（毒品等）；逮捕，抓获
【课文回放】Pressed
by
my
friends
and
relations,
I
decided
to
seize
the
opportunity
to
get
recognition
for
my
successful
idea
by
sending
my
invention
to
the
patent
office.
You’ll
surely
regret
if
you
don’t__________________(抓住机会).
1)
The
policeman
seized
him
by
the
collar.
警察抓住了他的衣领。
2)
Maggie
seized
the
letter
from
me.
玛吉从她手上把信抢过去。（seize
sth
from
sth）
3)
The
rebels
have
seized
power.
叛乱分子夺取了政权。
4)
The
following
day
mobs
seized
the
Parliament
building.
第二天暴徒占领了议会大厦。
5)
All
of
my
assets
were
seized,
including
my
home.
我的所有财产，包括我的住宅，都被没收了。
6)
The
gunmen
were
seized
at
1
a.m.
这几名持枪歹徒在凌晨一点被抓获。
【拓展】
seize
power
_______________
seize
on/upon
sth.
抓住;利用
She
________________________and
began
work
immediately.
她采纳了我的建议,
马上干了起来.
Bob
seized
on
the
rain
as
an
excuse
for
missing
school.
鲍勃利用下雨作为不上学的借口。
2.
【课文回放】I
cannot
bear
the
smell
of
burnt
sausage
on
the
barbecue.
bear
v.
过去式__bore__
过去分词__borne_
忍受，忍耐，经得住（=stand）；承担，负担；支撑，承受，支承（重量）（=hold）；生育；怀有（某种情感，尤指不好的情感）
1)
They
will
have
to
bear
the
misery
of
living
in
constant
fear
of
war.
他们不得不忍受长期生活在战争恐惧中的痛苦。
2)
Each
company
will
bear
half
the
costs
of
development.两家公司各承担一半开发费用。
3)
Developed
countries
bear
much
of
the
responsibility
for
environmental
problems.
发达国家对环境问题负有主要责任。
4)
My
leg
was
painful,
and
I
wasn’t
sure
it
would
bear
my
weight.
我腿疼，不知道是否还能承受我身体的重量。
5)
She
might
never
be
able
to
bear
children.
她可能永远无法生孩子。She
bore
him
three
sons.
她为他生了三个儿子。
6)
He
was
just
doing
his
job,
and
I
bore
him
no
malice.
他只是在做他的工作，我不怨他。
【拓展】
【提示】在口语中，常用于can’t
bear
结构中
I
just
can’t
bear
the
thought
of
having
to
start
all
over.
我想都不敢想要从头开始。
I
can’
t
bear
to
see
her
cry.
我不忍心看见她哭。
He
can’t
bear
people
smoking
while
he’s
eating.
他受不了有人在他吃饭的时候吸烟。
tap
v.过去式__tapped___
过去分词_tapped___
现在分词___tapping_
轻打，轻拍，轻敲；（尤指听音乐时）用（手或脚）打节拍
n.轻轻地敲击（声）；（水）龙头
【课文回放】This
original
telegraph
sent
a
message
over
distances
using
Morse
code
(a
series
of
dots
tapped
out
along
a
wire
in
a
particular
order).
1)
He
turned
as
someone____________________
(轻怕他的肩膀).
2)
I
went
up
and
tapped
on
the
window.
我走上去，轻轻敲敲窗户。
3)
He
tapped
ash
from
his
cigarette.
他轻轻弹掉香烟上的灰。
4)
She
tapped
her
feet
in
time
to
the
music.
她和着音乐用脚轻敲着节拍。
n.
She
went
into
the
bathroom
and_________________(打开\关上水龙头).
She
felt
a
tap
on
her
shoulder.
她觉得有人轻轻地拍了拍她的肩膀。
There
was
a
tap
at
the
door.
有人轻轻地敲了一下门。
4.
associate
【课文回放】Although
he
is
most
often
associated
with
the
invention
of
the
telephone,
he
was
indeed
a
continuing
searcher
after
practical
solutions
to
improve
the
quality
of
everybody’s
life.
vt.
to
make
a
connection
in
your
mind
between
one
thing
or
person
with
another联想，联系
I
don’t
associate
him
with
energetic
sports.
我不把他和剧烈的体育运动联系在一起。
Never
associate
with
bad
companions.千万不要与坏人为伍。
【练习】用associate的正确形式填空
1)
Whisky
is
usually
___________
with
Scotland.
2)
This
is
a
problem
__________
with
cancer
treatment.
【拓展】association
n.
1)
[U]
联合;交往
His
English
improved
enormously
because
of
his
association
with
British
people.
因为他和英国人有来往,
所以他的英语突飞猛进。
We
are
working
in
association
with
a
local
company
to
raise
money
for
the
homeless.我们联合一家当地的公司,为无家可归的人筹款。
2)
[C]
社团;
协会;
The
NBA
began
in
1946,
when
it
was
called
the
Basketball
Association
of
America
(BAA).
NBA开始于1946年，那时候它被叫做美国篮球联赛(BAA)。
5.
caution
n.小心；谨慎；慎重；警示，警告
【课文回放】This
time
with
great
caution
I
bent
down
to
examine
the
snakes
and
I
found
them
very
sleepy.
You
should
exercise
extreme
caution
when
driving
in
fog.
在雾中开车要极为小心。
We
must
proceed
with
extreme
caution.
我们行事必须极为谨慎。
His
gesture
indicated
a
caution.
他的手势表示警告。
Although
pleased,
Henson
added
a
caution
that
the
team
still
has
a
long
way
to
go.
虽然很高兴，但亨森告诫说球队以后的路很长。
【拓展】Keller
is
cautious
about
making
predictions
for
the
success
of
the
program.
Keller对于计划能够成功的预测出言谨慎/持谨慎态度。
The
government
responded
__________
to
the
move.
6.freezing
Tonight
the
temperature
will
fall
to
3
degrees
below
freezing.今夜的温度将降至零下3度。
The
_______
_______of
water
is
0C.
水的冰点是0C.
天气太冷了。_____________________________
v.__freeze_
(pp.)__froze__
(pt.)__frozen_
Two
men
were_____　____　________
(冻死了)
on
the
mountain.
Ann
froze
with
terror
as
the
door
opened
silently.
门一声不响地开了,把安吓呆了。
Smiles
froze
on
their
faces.
笑容在他们脸上僵住了。
冷冻食品___________
短语
1.
call
up
【课文回放】When
I
called
up
my
mother
in
the
countryside
on
the
telephone
she
was
very
upset.
I’m
going
to
call
up
and
cancel
my
subscription.
The
sound
of
happy
laughter
called
up
memories
of
his
childhood.这笑声使他回忆起童年时代的情景。
【拓展】
1)
Let’s
call
_______
James
on
the
way
home.
2)
I
regularly
call
________
his
office
for
news.
3)
Can
you
ask
John
to
call
me
_______
when
he
is
back
4)
The
trip
to
Italy
might
be
called
_________
because
of
bad
weather.
5)
This
kind
of
work
call
_______
a
lot
of
patience
and
caution.
6)
The
Ministry
of
Education
calls____
students
to
exercise
for
an
hour
every
day.
2.
set
about
+
n./v-ing
set
out
to
do
something
开始；着手
【课文回放】
I
set
about
researching
the
habits
of
snakes
to
find
the
easiest
way
to
trap
them.
Bell
never
set
out
to
invent
the
telephone
and
what
he
was
trying
to
design
was
a
multiple
telegraph.
3.
dive
into
【课文回放】Leave
the
beaten
track
occasionally
and
dive
into
the
woods.
1)
She
dived
into
a
pool.
她一头扎进水池里。
2)
He
dived
into
his
pocket
and
produced
a
packet
of
cigarettes
4.
hang
on
---
hold
on
1)
Hang
on
---
I’ll
just
see
if
he’s
here.
（别挂电话）
2)
Hang
on
---
I’m
not
quite
ready.
（稍等）
3)
I
know
you’re
tired,
but
try
to
hang
on
a
bit
longer.
(坚持)
5.
out
of
order
【课文回放】I’m
sorry,
but
this
phone
is
out
of
order.
Some
of
the
pages
in
this
book
are
out
of
order.(次序颠倒了)
7.
get
through
1)
I
think
you
can
get
through
the
first
two
chapters.
我想你能完成前两章。
2)
It
is
hard
to
see
how
people
will
get
through
the
winter.
难以想象人们将怎样熬过这个冬天。
3)
He
has
got
through
all
the
money
I
lent
him.
我借给他的钱他已花光了。
4)
The
message
was
finally
getting
through
to
him.他终于明白了这一点。
5)
Did
you
have
to
get
through
an
entrance
examination 你必须要通过入学考试吗？
6)
I've
been
trying
to
ring
up
all
day
and
I
couldn't
get
through.
我整天都在拨电话，但总是接不通。
7)
Such
a
radical
proposal
would
never
get
through
parliament.
如此激进的提案永远不会得到议会的批准。
句式
1.
This
was
in
the
expectation
that
the
snakes
would
bite
again.
expectation
[C,
U]
预料，预期；期待
[C]
期望的事物，前景
We
waited
at
the
station
in
expectation
of
her
arrival.
我们在车站等着,期待她的到来。
句子中that
引导同位语从句，常见的后面加同位语从句的名词有：
fact,
news,
hope,
idea,
truth,
thought,
question,
order,
problem,
belief,
fear等。
【典型例题】
---Is
there
any
possibility
_____
you
could
pick
me
up
at
the
airport
---
No
problem.
A.
when
B.
that
C.
whether
D.
what
2.
Every
time
you
do
you
will
be
certain
to
find
something
that
you
have
never
seen
before.
every
time此处引导时间状语从句，相当于each
time或whenever,
eg.Every
time
I
saw
her,
she
was
always
dressed
in
red.
【拓展】from
time
to
time_________
in
time
__________
in
no
time
(at
all)
_____________
keep
time______________
at
one
time
_______________
at
a
time
______________
3. It
was this
exploring
around
problems
and
his
dynamic
spirit that led
to
his
most
famous
invention.
It
was
not
until five
days
later that Bell
sent
his
first
telephone
message
to
his
assistant
Watson..
分析以上两个句子的句式
_______________________
【
转换句式
】
●He
didn’t
leave
until
I
came
back.
①强调句：________________________________
②倒装句：________________________________________
●Who
broke
the
window
①对划线部分进行强调：_______________________________
②Do
you
know
who
____
_____
_____
broke
the
window
I.完成句子
1.看这对双胞胎姐妹，我几乎分不清她们，她们太相像了。(distinguish...from)
Look
at
those
twin
sisters.
_____________________________
They
are
so
much
alike.
2.在我们心中，春节是和愉快的家庭团聚联系在一起的。
In
our
minds
the
Spring
Festival
_____________________
happy
family
reunions.
3.咱们的冰箱又坏了，我们别修了，最好买个新的。
_________________________________.We’d
better
buy
a
new
one
instead
of
repairing
it.
4.地震期间，他无法和家人电话联系。
During
the
earthquake
__________________________________
5.Tom今早给你打电话了，他想让你给他回电话。
Tom
_______________________
this
morning,
and
he
wants
you
to
_______________________
6.
我还没来得及解释,
他就把电话挂上了._____________________________________________
II.完成句子
1.
I’m
sorry,
but
I
don’t
know
there
is
an
(突然的)change
of
the
plan.
2.
As
(预料),
the
sales
manager
gave
in
his
notice
at
work
today.
3.
It’s
our
(期望)that
you
will
do
well.
4.
We
should
try
our
best
to
put
the
enemy
in
a
(被动的)position.
5.
I
have
heard
two
v
of
the
accident.
6.
She
t
me
on
the
shoulder,
but
I
didn’t
feel
it.
III.单项选择
When
I
walked
past
the
street
and
saw
the
children
playing
happily,
their
happy
laughter
memories
of
my
childhood.
A.
called
in
B.
called
for
C.
called
on
D.
called
up
2.
He
was
left
out
when
they
choosing
a
new
manager,
which
came
as
a
complete
surprise
to
him.
A.
set
out
B.
set
about
C.
set
off
D.
set
up
3.
We
all
write
even
when
there
is
not
much
to
say.
A.
now
and
then
B.
by
and
by
C.
step
by
step
D.
more
or
less
4.
We
should
right
wrong.
A.
distinguish;
by
B.
distinguish;
for
C.
distinguish;
from
D.
distinguish;
to
5.
—She
doesn’t
play
the
piano,
but
she
likes
singing
and
dancing.
—
.
A.
So
I
am
B.
So
it
is
with
my
sister
C.
So
am
I
D.
Neither
do
I
6.
It’s
your
decision—you
must
the
responsibility
if
things
go
wrong.
A.
bear
B.
take
down
C.
put
up
with
D.
stand
7.
Mrs.
Black
isn’t
in
and
I’ll
have
to
ring
.
I
would
appreciate
it
if
you
ring
after
6
o’clock.
A.
off;
back
B.
up;
off
C.
out;
up
D.
back;
off
8.
He________the
bag
and
brought
out
a
couple
of
coins.
A．put
into
B．dragged
into
C．dived
into
D.caught
into
M8U3学案答案：
1.seize
the
opportunity/chance;夺权;seized
on
my
suggestion
3.
tapped
him
on
the
shoulder;
turned
on\off
the
tap
4.
Whisky
is
usually
associated
with
Scotland.
This
is
a
problem
associated
with
cancer
treatment.
The
government
responded
cautiously
to
the
move.
政府对此行动的反应很谨慎。
6.
freezing
point
It
is
freezing
cold.
Two
men
were
frozen
to
death(冻死了)
on
the
mountain.
frozen
food
1.call
on
2.
call
at
his
office
3.
call
me
back
4.
be
called
off
5.
call
for
6.
calls
on
students
to
exercise
1.
B
2.
from
time
to
time有时；偶尔；时常
in
time
及时,
最终
in
no
time
(at
all)立刻；赶快；马上
keep
time（钟表）走得准;
(用手)打着节拍
at
one
time
过去，曾经
at
a
time
每一次
III学以致用：
1.Look
at
those
twin
sisters.
I
can
hardly
distinguish
one
from
the
other.
They
are
so
much
alike.
2.In
our
minds
the
Spring
Festival
is
associated
with
happy
family
reunions.
3.Our
refrigerator
is
out
of
order
again.
We’d
better
buy
a
new
one
instead
of
repairing
it.
4．During
the
earthquake
he
couldn’t
get
through
to
her
family
5.Tom
called
you
up
this
morning,
and
he
wants
you
to
ring
him
back.
6.He
rang
off
before
I
could
explain.
单词拼写
1.abrupt
2.expected3.
expectation
4.
passive
5.
versions
6
tapped
单项选择DBACB
AAC
2015-2016高二
选修八能力学案
（实验班专用）
姓名__________
班级______
学号_______
Editor:
Guo
Sir　Proofreader:
Guo
sir
Unit3
Inventors
and
inventions