课件23张PPT。第38讲 完形填空 (2016，雅安)
Philip is a schoolboy. On his twelfth birthday，he decided to give up eating __1__．“I don‘t think it’s right to eat animals，” he said. “They live on the earth just like us and they are our friends.” Philip's parents were not happy about that. “You are a growing boy，” his mother said. “You need meat. Don't you want to become healthier and __2__？”His mother put some __3__，rice and carrots in front of him. “I want you to eat all your food now，” she said. “Don't __4__ anything.” Philip didn't want to make his mother sad. But he ate only the rice and the carrots without touching the beef.
“You're a silly boy！” said his father __5__．“I'm getting very angry with you.”
“I'm sorry，Mum and Dad，” answered Philip. “I don't want you to be sad or angry.__6__ I really don't want to eat any meat.”
“Then have some fish，dear，” said his mother.
“Oh no，I can't！” cried Philip. “Fish are living things too.”
“Well，you can't have __7__ to eat at all if you don't eat any meat or fish，” said his father.The next morning Philip got up hungry. His father walked to the __8__ with him and asked to see the teacher. “Is this what you teach the students at school？” he asked the teacher. “Philip __9__ to eat meat at home. He doesn't listen to what I say.”
“I don't agree with Philip，” replied the teacher. “But I think he's __10__ to do what he thinks is right. We teach the students to do that.”
1．A. fruit B．vegetables C．meat D．rice
2．A. shorter B．taller C．weaker D．lazier
3．A. beef B．pork C．chicken D．duck
4．A. eat B．have C．taste D．leave
5．A. angrily B．happily C．rudely D．politely
6．A. And B．But C．So D．Or
7．A. nothing B．everything C．anything D．something
8．A. factory B．hospital C．supermarket D．school
9．A. agrees B．hopes C．wants D．refuses
10．A. brave B．kind C．foolish D．shy ACBADABCDD“完形填空”题是一种旨在考查学生语法和词汇知识综合运用能力的典型题型。它结合了单项选择题和短文填空的优点，既考查了词语搭配、近义词辨析、动词时态、句型结构、复合句的关联和习惯用法等，又考查了逻辑推理和事理推断能力。同学们只有具备了扎实的语言基本功、较好的阅读能力及归纳判断能力，才能适应这一题型。
(一)“完形填空”题要求填入的词：
1．语法结构所要求的功能词。如：连接词、连接代词、连接副词、关系代
词、关系副词等。
2．具有语法变化的普通词。如：动词的时态、语态、语气，名词的数，代
词的格，形容词和副词的等级等。
3．固定搭配短语或词组中的特定词。
4．同义词、近义词等易混淆词。
5．根据上下文意思及结构必须填入的确定词。(二)“完形填空”题解题策略：
1．解题前要通读全文，领悟大意。
完形填空常以文章或段落的形式出现，因此，通读全文，把握文章整
体大意尤为重要。很多同学为了省时间，只看选项，不看文章。不看
上下文，不寻找文章中句子与句子的关系，结果做出来的答案往往
是错误的。
2．解题时要全面考虑，确定选项。
完形填空有些答案的四个选项从词汇搭配、语法和句子结构等角度
考虑均行得通，但由于文章是一个完整的统一体，词、句、段三者
存在着内在逻辑关系，因此考生还要从上下文中寻找有关的信息，
对文章的情节进行逻辑推理，抓住含有关键信息的词语，理顺句子
之间的关系，从而确定正确的答案。其具体做法有：?重视首句，寻求信息
完形填空本是一篇残缺的文章，留下首句可以帮助考生了解文章的主题，可以了解短文的概貌与作者的意图。要充分利用首句的标示作用，利用它为解题找到一个突破口，从而展开思维。
【例1】 At my primary school，I was one of the smartest kids there. I never
________，but always got near perfect scores on all my tests.(2016，厦门，29)
A．forgot B．studied C．regretted
答案：________
解析：首句句意为“在上小学时，我是最聪明的孩子之一。”由此可知，下
句应为“我从不学习，但在考试中几乎都得满分。”B Few people like changing their habits，good or bad. Whether it is smoking，drinking or over-eating，they ________ “enjoying” them to the end. (2015，苏州，16)
( )1.A.stop B．continue C．finish D．avoidB ?明辨褒贬语境，判断是非
几乎每篇完形填空的语境都有一定的褒贬性，这种褒贬性反映了主人公的特定心理、情绪状态和作者的写作意图，因此利用好文章的语境褒贬性就能对文章进行准确的逻辑判断，从而在吃透文章并准确理解文意的基础上推断出每一空的准确信息，找出能反映语境褒贬性的标志性词语或句子，大胆预测下文。
【例2】 On my first day at school，the other kids made fun of me because of
my hearing aid and the way I talked. I was hurt deeply and I saw myself as a(n)
________ kid. (2016，长沙，34)
A．ugly B．smart C．handsome
答案：________
解析：由关键词“made fun of me”和“I was hurt deeply”可知，“我”把我自
己看成一个“丑陋”的孩子。A Ms. Tu went through about 40 failures before she succeeded. But she never __2__ and always fought on.(2016，达州，40)
( )2. A. ate up B．gave up
C．took up D．made upB ?巧用平行结构，判断逻辑
平行结构指的是结构相同或相似、意思密切关联、语气一致的句子或短语组成串排列的语言现象。平行结构形式上整齐匀称，内容上联系紧密。命题者常从平行结构的句式相同或相似这一角度，利用其意义上的关联和对比这一特点来设题。了解这一点可大大提高解题效率。
【例3】All the family members were ________ and helpful，and they made me
feel at home at once.(2016，随州，51)
A．serious B．friendly
C．famous D．expensive
答案：________
解析：该题中第一个and连接两个形容词，与helpful构成平行结构的单词应
为friendly。句意为“所有的家庭成员都友善且乐于助人。他们马上让我觉
得如身处家中一般。”B Finally，I stopped in the air. I spread my arms wide，laughing loudly and
__3__．The workers pulled me up，smiling at me. (2015，长沙，40)
( )3. A. sadly B．angrily C．Proudly
I was so thankful that she no longer had aches and __4__．(2015，宁波，27)
( )4. A. gifts B．pains
C．dialogs D．mistakesBC?结合常识，明辨真伪
结合各类生活常识和科学常识，选择出正确且符合逻辑的选择。对于这类题，考生平时要做生活中的有心人，留心各种社会现象，积累丰富的生活知识。
【例4】 We can't force life to follow our wishes. The earth won't
________ turning whether we accept it or not.
A．stop B．keep C．start D．begin
答案：________
解析：句意为“我们不能强迫生活遵循我们的愿望。无论我们是否接受，
地球都不会停止转动。”A It read “Dear Marie，I love you always. Miss you a lot. Don't forget me. Be __5__！Love，Mom.” That day，I cried.(2015，宁波，30)
( )5.A.serious B．happy C．patient D．strictB?熟练语法和固定搭配，轻松解题
对语法、固定搭配等基础知识的考查也是完形填空的命题角度之一。对于这种题，考生除了要注意平时的积累外，还要针对语法结构、句式特点、短文设空中需填的词在句中作什么成分、哪类词适合、应采取什么形式等进行分析，从而解决问题。
【例5】A month after he was born，his mother noticed that his eyes weren't
as ________ as a normal baby's. (2016，孝感，36)
A．big B．bigger
C．biggest D．the biggest
答案：________
解析：考查形容词的等级及用法。此处是“as＋adj./adv.＋as...”结构，
表示“和……一样”，其中adj.和adv.都用原级。 A Last week，students at Rosie Bridge School worked hard to make their English Week very successful.
There __6__ a lot of activities including an English book fair in the library and a treasure hunt.(2015，沈阳，16)
( )6. A. are B．were C．is D．wasB?多方推断，寻求线索
完形填空所提供的是一篇具有完整意义的短文，其段与段、句与句、甚至词与词之间都有不可分割的、千丝万缕的联系。因此考生在做题时不要只注意设空处所在的短句子或段落，还要善于从上下文中寻找相关的提示信息。考生可利用正向推断法、逆向推断法和正逆向联合推断法寻找相关信息。
·正向推断法要求考生利用已知信息推断下文未知信息，当然这里所指的信息包括设空处近处或远处的信息。考生应认真阅读并分析上下文内容，弄清事实，并思考下文的发展方向，从而推断下文的未知信息。
·逆向推断法要求考生利用下文已知信息反向推断上文未知信息。当利用上文已知信息无法准确推断下文未知信息时，不能着急，应沉着冷静地阅读下文，看下文哪些事实或细节是上文未知信息的延伸和发展，并由此推断出空格处的未知信息。
·在有些情况下，空格处未知信息既不能单独由上文已知信息正向推断而出，也不能单独由下文反向推断而出，而需要考生利用其上下文已知信息联合推断而出。考生应认真阅读并分析上下文，看哪些细节或事实与空格处有联系，并由此推断出空格处的未知信息。?正向推断法
【例6】 As children they were never bored because there was always
________ to do on the farm.(2016，绵阳，22)
A．nothing B．everything
C．something D．anything
答案：________
解析：由句中“they were never bored”可知，因为在农场总有一些
事可做。C The fire burnt Noah's neck，arms and faces. As a result，he was __7__ for a month.(2016，绵阳，33)
( )7.A.on vacation B．at home
C．in hospital D．at work
It seemed that the storm meant nothing to her. She sat on her seat reading a book. Sometimes she closed her eyes，then she would read again，with no __8__ or fear in her eyes.(2015，河南，40)
( )8.A.pride B．worry C．anger D．regretBC?逆向推断法
【例7】 It was a sunny and enjoyable day. Everyone in
the ________ station was waiting for the train to
arrive.(2016，宁波，16)
A．railway B．bus
C．police D．television
答案：________
解析：由下文中“waiting for the train to arrive”可知大家都在
火车站。A It was a Sunday morning，and I was in a __9__ mood (情绪)．Two of my friends had gone to the movies the night before and didn't invite me.(2015，山西，31)
( )9.A.good B．terrible C．Peaceful
He raised a glass of water and asked them，“How __10__ do you think this glass of water is？”．..Their answers are different，from 20g to 500g.(2015，河北，41)
( )10.A.heavy B．full C．much D．longAB?正逆向联合推断法
【例8】 Just then a young man jumped out of a car and asked if I was Jenny. Then we ________ to the bungee jumping place. I was amazed by the sights along the road through the window of the car.(2015，长沙，34)
A．walked B．ran C．drove
答案：________
解析：由上句中的“out of a car”以及下句“I was amazed by the sights
along the road through the window of the car.(透过车窗，我被路边的景
色惊呆了)”可知，我们是开车去的。C A man feared his wife wasn't hearing as well as she used to and he thought she might need some hearing aid (助听)．Not quite sure how to __11__ her，he called the family doctor to discuss the problem.(2016，河南，36)
( )11.A.save B．help C．face D．Guide
Do you ever watch old movies？Maybe you will see one with Carole Lombard. She was a famous __12__ in the 1930s.She died when she was only 34. In her short life she made 70 movies.(2015，天津，41)
( )12.A.nurse B．actress
C．doctor D．teacherBB?复读全文，检验答案
把填充后的短文反复阅读一两遍，逐一检查、校对所选答案是否符合短文中心思想及上下文要求，并确保没有不符合语言规范、不符合语法规则的选项。
很多同学做完形填空题存在一个误区，把很多的时间放到四个选项的比较上，这会降低解题效率。正确做法应是：
①顺藤摸瓜，首先是藤，你拿到文章之后要重点读第一句。
②瞻前顾后，在文章空格的上下文处，你觉得这个地方需要什么词，带
着这个目的在四个选项里找。
③顾全大局，做一道题时应该在段落里面理解一句话。
④认清细节，比如考固定搭配的题。
总之要想成功突破完形填空必须做到：研读首尾，抓主题；上下联系，寻信息；左顾右盼，找搭配；思前想后，觅逻辑；语境分析，辨词义；回读检查，补漏洞。考点跟踪突破38 完形填空
训练一 人物介绍类
A(2016，安徽)
Philip is the bravest boy I know.His friends and family are all very __1__ him.
Ten-year-old Philip was born with an __2__ which means that he is always breaking his bones (骨头)．Although he has such a serious illness，Philip __3__ playing sports.In January last year he __4__ wheelchair racing.He came second in his first __5__，and since then Philip has won every other race!
In order to look for a new challenge (挑战)，Philip __6__ to take part in the London Wheelchair Marathon (马拉松)．__7__，five days before the race Philip got sick.He didn't want to __8__．He finally made up his mind to take part.Philip was given medicine by his doctor and guess what？He not only __9__ it，but he also finished in first place!
Philip is very __10__ and never give up.That's why he has been chosen to be the Bravest Child of the Month.
A1.A.proud of B．afraid of C．angry with D．strict with
C2.A.ability B．effort C．illness D．interest
D3.A.stops B．avoids C．minds D．loves
B4.A.watched B．started C．cancelled D．held
B5.A.journey B．race C．class D．interview
D6.A.regretted B．hated C．failed D．decided
C7.A.Instead B．Also C．However D．First
A8.A.give up B．sit down C．set off D．go out
C9.A.refused B．left C．completed D．invented
A10.A.brave B．honest C．polite D．fair
B(2016，贺州)
Nick is a 14-year-old schoolboy.His life is full of exams and studies on weekdays.He has __1__ free time.He thinks playing computer games __2__ the best way to make him relax.When he has free time，he sits in front of the computer.Just __3__ that way，he doesn't eat or drink for several hours.
Last weekend，he played games on the computer again.He was too __4__ and didn't want to move.He didn't have __5__ for six hours.When he had to go to the bathroom，he found he could not move.He __6__ to the hospital.The doctor told him he should have a good rest and __7__ doing sports.
After coming back from the hospital，Nick follows the doctor's __8__．He often plays soccer with his friends.__9__ sometimes he still plays computer games on weekends，he __10__ does it for long.Now he lives a happy and healthy life.
B1.A.much B．little C．few D．a few
B2.A.be B．is C．was D．are
C3.A.for B．on C．in D．since
D4.A.excite B．excites C．exciting D．excited
B5.A.nothing B．anything C．something D．everything
C6.A.took B．is taken C．was taken D．was taking
C7.A.take out B．take care of C．pay attention to D．paid attention to
A8.A.advice B．advices C．dreams D．hobbies
D9.A.And B．Unless C．Because D．Although
B10.A.ever B．never C．often D．always
C
Anne is a newspaper reporter.She chose this __1__ so she could travel around the world.The work has taught her many unforgettable lessons.She has seen wars，earthquakes and death.But she has __2__ seen courage，hope and happiness.
Last year，she won an award for her reporting in Africa.She was very proud __3__ it.At first，she thought she got the award because of her good work.But then she realized that she should thank many other people for __4__ help.
Anne was born in Jamaica.Her family was not poor，but it was not __5__，either.Her parents had to __6__ hard so that she could go to school.At school，Anne was not a good student，__7__ she enjoyed writing because her English teacher said，“Anne，you are a wonderful __8__．” The teacher encouraged her all the time.
Later，Anne went to university in Canada and then __9__ for a job.It was very difficult.Then，one day，she went to see the editor of a newspaper in Ottawa.The editor gave her a job.“Everyone needs a __10__ at first，” he said.
B1.A.book B．job C．sweater D．picture
C2.A.still B．never C．also D．only
B3.A.to B．of C．for D．from
D4.A.my B．his C．our D．their
A5.A.rich B．new C．small D．big
C6.A.study B．walk C．work D．play
A7.A.but B．if C．because D．so
D8.A.farmer B．nurse C．doctor D．writer
A9.A.looked B．made C．joined D．found
C10.A.ticket B．hobby C．chance D．habit
D
My dad was a fisherman.He worked hard and stayed out __1__ he caught enough fish to feed the family nearly every day.When the weather was bad，he would drive me to __2__．An old truck was used in his fishing business.When we got to the school，he would give me a big kiss on the face and tell me to be a good boy.It was so __3__ for me.I was 14 years old，and my dad would still kiss me goodbye!
I remember the day when I decided I was too __4__ for a goodbye kiss.When we got to the school and came to a stop，he had his usual big smile on his __5__．He started to lean (倾斜) toward me，but I put my hand up and said，“No，Dad.” It was the __6__ time I had ever talked to him that way.He had a __7__ look on his face for a long time，and his eyes started to be wet.He turned and looked out of the truck.“You're right，” he said.“You are a big boy—a man.I won't __8__ you anymore.”
Shortly after that，my dad went out to sea and __9__ came back.It was a day when most of the fishermen stayed at home __10__ Dad.He had a big family to feed.
How I wish I had been young！If I had been young，I would never have told my dad I was too old for a goodbye kiss.
B1.A.if B．until C．when D．because
C2.A.work B．office C．school D．beach
A3.A.embarrassing B．exciting C．interesting D．happy
D4.A.tall B．young C．fat D．old
C5.A.truck B．mouth C．face D．hand
A6.A.first B．second C．next D．last
D7.A.interested B．sad C．proud D．surprised
C8.A.send B．drive C．kiss D．help
B9.A.often B．never C．seldom D．always
D10.A.besides B．with C．without D．except
E
Jessica Long is a very fast Paralympic (残奥会的) swimmer.She was born in Russia __1__ a disability.This was difficult for her mother and Jessica lived in a special home for children.
When Jessica was thirteen months old，an American couple，Steve and Beth Long，__2__ this home.They adopted (收养) her and took her to the USA with __3__．Jessica had a new mom and dad.
When Jessica was eighteen months old，the __4__ said she must lost her legs below the knee.They gave Jessica artificial (假的) legs and she learned to __5__ for the first time.
When Jessica was a young child，she __6__ to swim in her grandparents' swimming pool.At the age of ten，she started to swim in competitions.“She was __7__ the first person in the swimming pool and the last person out of it，” says her father.
At twelve，Jessica went to her first Paralympic Games in Greece.Her family went with her __8__ she was very young.
Nobody thought Jessica would win，but they were __9__．She won three gold medals (奖牌)!
At fourteen，Jessica went to the World Swimming Championships in South Africa.She won nine more gold medals and she broke five world records!
Jessica likes other __10__ too.She enjoys running and，at fourteen，she started rock climbing.Jessica Long is really amazing.
D1.A.to B．of C．for D．with
B2.A.saw B．visited C．built D．designed
D3.A.him B．her C．us D．them
B4.A.teachers B．doctors C．scientists D．coaches
A5.A.walk B．talk C．climb D．jump
C6.A.refused B．stopped C．learned D．continued
D7.A.even B．also C．seldom D．always
D8.A.if B．when C．though D．because
B9.A.right B．wrong C．satisfied D．disappointed
A10.A.sports B．medals C．countries D．teenagers
训练二 哲理故事类
A
It was a cold snowy morning after the winter vacation.And it was my first day at my new school.I was walking alone slowly and __1__ about lots of things.It was early and there weren't many people on the road.Suddenly a girl __2__ was riding a bike on ice fell down.She was trying hard to __3__ but fell again.Without thinking，I went over and helped her.She said “Thank you.” with a smile and then rode __4__．Her words warmed me a lot.
Finally，I got to school.The teacher led me to the __5__ and introduced me to the class.Then he asked me to sit down beside a girl.I felt so __6__ that I didn't dare to look at her.Soon the first class，English，started.Their textbook is different __7__ that in my old school.As I was wondering __8__ to do，an English book appeared in front of me.“Let's __9__，” the girl beside me said.“Hi，I'm Carrie.” I looked up.It was the __10__ I helped that morning.Later on，we became good friends.
From that I learned：To help others is actually to help ourselves!
A1.A.worrying B．talking C．learning D．knowing
C2.A.where B．when C．who D．which
B3.A.lie down B．get up C．look around D．sit down
B4.A.back B．away C．inside D．around
C5.A.gym B．office C．classroom D．hall
A6.A.nervous B．sad C．bored D．excited
C7.A.about B．with C．from D．in
B8.A.how B．what C．why D．when
A9.A.share B．stop C．consider D．go
B10.A.boy B．girl C．teacher D．woman
B(2016，玉林)
An old man was fishing on the bank of a river.A child came to see him fishing.The old man was really good __1__ fishing and it didn't take long for him to __2__ a full basket of fish.The old man saw that the child was very cute，and he wanted to give her a whole basket of fish.But the child __3__ her head.The old man was __4__ and asked，“Why don't you want the fish？”
The child answered，“I want the fishing rod (杆) in your hands.”
The old man asked，“Why do you want the rod？”
“It doesn't take long to eat all the fish in a basket.But if I have the fishing rod，I can go __5__ by myself and I won't be afraid of not having any more fish to eat.”
I think you will __6__ say that the child is very smart.Wrong！If she doesn't know __7__ to fish，she can not have fish to eat，even though she has the fishing rod.It's __8__ to only have a fishing rod.Fishing skills are the __9__ important，not the fishing rod.
Too many people think that if they have a “fishing rod” in their life，they will __10__ fear the wind and rain.They are just like the child，who thought that if she had a fishing rod，she would have fish to eat.
B1.A.in B．at C．with D．for
A2.A.catch B．bring C．take D．carry
B3.A.nodded B．shook C．carried D．lifted
C4.A.excited B．worried C．surprised D．interested
D5.A.fish B．fishes C．fished D．fishing
A6.A.certainly B．mainly C．finally D．exactly
B7.A.what B．how C．when D．where
D8.A.homeless B．harmless C．careless D．useless
B9.A.more B．most C．least D．less
C10.A.not longer B．not long C．no longer D．no long
C(2016，西宁)
When I was in the third grade，I was picked to be the princess in the school play.
For weeks my mother helped me __1__ my sentences.But once during a performance，every word __2__ from my head.My teacher asked me to change roles and be the narrator (解说员)．Though I didn't tell my mother what had __3__ that day，she felt my __4__ and asked if I wanted to take a walk in the yard.
It was a lovely spring day.We could see dandelions (蒲公英) coming out through the grass，just like a painter had touched our woods and fields with bits of gold.I watched my mother carelessly bend down (弯腰) __5__ some flowers.“I think I am going to dig up all the wild grass，” she said.“But I like dandelions，all flowers are beautiful—even dandelions！” I said.My mother looked at me seriously.“Yes，every flower shines in __6__ own way.And that is true of people，too，” she said.She had guessed my pain.I started to cry and told her the __7__．“You will be a beautiful narrator，” she said，__8__ me of how much I loved to read stories aloud to her.
Over the next few weeks，I learned to take __9__ in the role.The big day finally came.A few minutes before the play，my teacher came over to me.“Your mother asked me to give this to you，” she said，handing me a __10__．After the play，I took the flower home，laughing that I was perhaps the only person who would keep such wild grass.
C1.A.write B．listen C．practice D．teach
A2.A.disappeared B．spread C．forgot D．left
B3.A.done B．happened C．gone D．made
D4.A.illness B．fearlessness C．kindness D．unhappiness
A5.A.by B．for C．with D．at
B6.A.it B．its C．it's D．it is
C7.A.memory B．discovery C．truth D．accident
A8.A.reminding B．thinking C．reminded D．thought
D9.A.action B．turns C．risks D．pride
B10.A.note B．dandelion C．sunflower D．dictionary
D
A famous doctor once received a little boy who was badly ill.Thanks to his skill and care，his young patient got well and was soon able to get up and __1__ about again.
The child's mother was very __2__ to the doctor，and she visited him to thank him for what he had done for her child.“Doctor，” she said，“you have saved my little __3__．I don't know how to thank you enough.I feel that money alone cannot repay you，__4__ I have made this little purse with my own hands，as a sign of my thanks.I hope you will __5__ it.” The doctor stood up and said coldly，“Madam，a little present like that is very nice between friends，but a __6__ needs to be paid properly for what he has done.” The lady was so __7__ and hurt so much that she could not reply for a moment.Then she said quietly，“Perhaps you will tell me how __8__ your fee (费用) is.” “Fifty pounds，” he answered.
The lady opened the little purse and took out __9__ fifty-pound bank notes.She handed one of them to the doctor，and put the other three back __10__ the purse.She put the purse into her handbag，saying goodbye to the doctor，and went out of the room.
B1.A.talk B．run C．think D．learn
A2.A.thankful B．glad C．friendly D．able
D3.A.grandson B．granddaughter C．daughter D．son
C4.A.since B．when C．so D．until
B5.A.receive B．accept C．buy D．take
A6.A.doctor B．teacher C．policeman D．worker
D7.A.happy B．worried C．angry D．surprised
B8.A.many B．much C．little D．few
A9.A.four B．three C．two D．one
D10.A.on B．beside C．behind D．into
E(2016，昆明改编)
One evening a young woman walked on the beach.She __1__ to see the footsteps (足迹) she had left in the sand，but they had already been washed away by the water.When she turned to continue her walk，she was surprised to see an old woman __2__ by a fire.
She walked up to the old woman and asked，“Where did you come from？I didn't see you here a minute ago.”
__3__ answering her question，the old woman said，“Sit with me，my child.I have something to show you.”
As the young woman sat down beside the fire，the old woman handed her a book.She turned the pages of the book one by one and was __4__ to discover they told the story of her whole life，from the early days of __5__ to the present.But when she turned to the next page，she found it empty.And the rest of the pages in the book were all empty.
“Does this mean my life ends tonight？” she asked.
“No，my child.It means tonight your life __6__．”
At that time the old woman took the book into her hands and began to tear (撕掉) each of the pages that had words out of the book.She then threw __7__ into the fire until all left were empty pages.She handed the book of empty pages to the young woman.
“You see，” she said，“just as the water washed away your footsteps in the sand，your past is forever gone.What you __8__ have is here and now.Each moment is the beginning of the rest of your life and you should live it to the fullest，because you won't live that moment a(n) __9__ time.For your future，you are free to shape it as you wish，__10__ it has not yet been written.”
B1.A.turns B．turned C．is turning D．turn
A2.A.sitting B．to sit C．sat D．sit
B3.A.Thanks to B．Instead of C．As for D．Because of
C4.A.tired B．sad C．amazed D．sorry
A5.A.childhood B．adulthood C．old age D．student
C6.A.ends B．lives C．begins D．changes
A7.A.them B．it C．her D．his
C8.A.hardly B．lately C．truly D．nearly
C9.A.other B．another C．second D．others
B10.A.whether B．because C．then D．unless
训练三 学校生活类
A(2016，成都改编)
September is the time for students to go back to school！For Chinese students，most schools start on the same day.We will share summer stories with the same classmates __1__ the first-year students.But in US schools，students get ready for classes a little __2__．
First of all，US schools don't all start on the same day.Classes begin any time between August and September.Every __3__ decides when to begin their classes.If summers are too __4__，then school will usually start a little later.
Every year we usually see the same teachers and classmates，but US students have some big changes.In US high schools，teachers divide __5__ into different levels or focuses.Students can choose their favorite teachers and courses according to their abilities and __6__．This means that every year US students will __7__ different classrooms for each class.They will meet __8__ classmates and teachers in each one.Also，students will go to school a few days early to get their __9__ so that they can know the classes every day.
For first year students，the first day of school also means they finally get their own lockers (储物箱)．Primary school students in the US have to share closets (储物柜) with their __10__．But once students make it to junior high they finally get one.
B1.A.including B．except C．besides D．contain
C2.A.early B．late C．differently D．fast
A3.A.school B．city C．town D．teacher
C4.A.dry B．cool C．hot D．warm
C5.A.students B．classes C．subjects D．books
B6.A.ages B．interests C．habits D．parents
B7.A.see B．enter C．build D．get
A8.A.new B．special C．unfriendly D．same
C9.A.homework B．books C．schedule D．prizes
A10.A.classmates B．teachers C．owners D．brothers
B(2015，襄阳)
It was the beginning of a new term.As a __1__ teacher in that school，I didn't know any of the students.A little girl was standing at the gate of the classroom.She looked very shy.
I walked up to her and __2__ why she stood there.But she said nothing.Then a boy shouted，“She is from Grade Four，the worst student in her grade.” I looked at the little girl.She didn't seem to be the smart kind.I __3__ why her teacher asked her to stay in Grade Three.I took her hand and __4__ her into the classroom.
“Sit here.Now you are my student and I'm your teacher，” I said.She still said nothing，but suddenly began to cry.
I later learnt that her parents died in a car accident.She became sad and didn't like talking to others after that.
She learnt very __5__．I gave her respect(尊重) and never looked down upon (鄙视) her as I know everybody deserves(值得) respect.I helped her after school，and she was making __6__ little by little.As time went by，she was not as __7__ as before.At the end of the term，she seemed to have forgotten all her sadness.She was not among the best students when she left that school，but __8__，she was not that shy and sad little girl any more.
In the following __9__，she would send me a card on each Thanksgiving Day.Three days ago，I __10__ an invitation to her wedding(婚礼)．And now，I am at her wedding，and she is smiling brightly.
Everyone deserves respect and everyone can be happy.
A1.A.new B．beautiful C．strict D．famous
D2.A.told B．answered C．knew D．asked
B3.A.thought B．understood C．forgot D．remembered
C4.A.poured B．threw C．led D．turned
A5.A.slowly B．quietly C．well D．quickly
C6.A.friends B．decision C．progress D．surprises
B7.A.smart B．shy C．angry D．careful
A8.A.at least B．at first C．at once D．at birth
D9.A.days B．weeks C．months D．years
D10.A.wrote B．sent C．refused D．received
C(2016，重庆B)
In a history class，our teacher，Mrs.Bartlett asked us to make a poster (海报) in groups about the culture that we were studying.She told us to write the names of three friends we wanted in one group and she would think about our __1__．
The next day，I was told to be in a group I would __2__ want—the boy who was too weak in English，and the two girls who wore strange clothes.Oh，how I wanted to be with my __3__！
With tears in my eyes，I walked up to Mrs.Bartlett.She __4__ me and seemed to know what I was there for.I told her I should be in the “good” group.She gently (轻轻地) __5__ a hand on my shoulder (肩膀)．“I know what you want，Karma，” she said，“but your group needs you.I need you to help them.Only you can help them.” I was __6__ and moved.Her words encouraged me.
“Will you help them？” she asked.“Yes，” I replied.Then I __7__ walked over to my group.I sat down and we started.Each of us did a part according to our interests.Halfway through the week，I felt __8__ enjoying our group.We did a good job together.My group members weren't thought to be good just because no one cared enough about them __9__ Mrs.Bartlett.
At last，our group got an A．But I think we should hand the A back to Mrs.Bartlett.She was the one who should truly __10__ it.Mrs.Bartlett brought out the potential (潜能) in four of her students.
C1.A.classes B．books C．choices D．clothes
B2.A.often B．never C．always D．sometimes
C3.A.boys B．girls C．friends D．teachers
B4.A.laughed at B．looked at C．lived with D．agreed with
A5.A.placed B．pushed C．washed D．pulled
B6.A.useful B．surprised C．thirsty D．asleep
D7.A.hardly B．deeply C．lazily D．bravely
A8.A.myself B．herself C．yourself D．himself
D9.A.around B．with C．for D．except
A10.A.receive B．start C．give D．throw
D(2016，广州)
When Rebecca was a middle school student，she was often bullied (欺凌)．At that time，she didn't want to tell others.However，she now thinks people who are bullied should talk about their __1__．
Rebecca says that many people who are bullied __2__ in silence.She says that although she __3__ heard a lot about bullying when she was in primary school，she never thought it would happen to her.
Rebecca told us that the bullying began when she went to middle school.People started making fun of her for being a __4__ student and knowing all the answers.
She went on to say that every time she answered a question correctly in class，everyone would start shouting and saying that she was too __5__ for them.
She told us that by the end of the year，she was very __6__ about the bullying and became ill.She began to hate school.But __7__ she had a friend who she could talk to，and they told their head teacher about her problem.She believes that talking to the teacher __8__ her a lot.They found ways to deal with the problem，and the bullying finally __9__．
Her __10__ is，don't see yourself as the problem.Nobody should be bullied.But if you don't tell anyone what is going on，nobody will know that you need help.
A1.A.experiences B．jokes C．hobbies D．studies
C2.A.sleep B．laugh C．suffer D．play
B3.A.seldom B．always C．never D．suddenly
D4.A.bad B．happy C．silent D．good
A5.A.clever B．slow C．noisy D．proud
B6.A.pleased B．worried C．satisfied D．amazed
C7.A.usually B．interestingly C．luckily D．strangely
D8.A.surprised B．controlled C．excited D．helped
B9.A.started B．stopped C．increased D．continued
D10.A.problem B．agreement C．condition D．advice
E
I did very badly at school.My headmaster thought I was __1__ and when I was 14，he said，“You are __2__ going to be anything but a failure.”
After five years of __3__ jobs，I fell in love with a very nice middle-class girl.It was the best __4__ that could have happened to me.I decided to do something positive with my life because I wanted to prove to her what people said about me was __5__，especially her mother，who had said to me，“You have failed at everything you have ever done.” So I tried hard with my __6__ and went to college，my first novel __7__ while I was at college.
After college I taught during the __8__ in high schools and attended evening classes at London University，where I got a __9__ in history.I became a lecturer at a college and was thinking of giving up that job to write full time when I was offered a part-time job at Leeds University.I began to feel proud of myself—it was a working-class boy who had left school early，now teaching at the university.
My writing career (生涯) __10__ when I realized my own style.Now I am rich and famous，have been on TV，and met lots of film stars.But what does it mean？I just wish all the people that have put me down had said，“I believe in you.You will succeed.”
C1.A.bright B．useful C．simple D．hopeful
A2.A.never B．sometimes C．often D．seldom
B3.A.low B．poor C．good D．useful
D4.A.support B．happiness C．surprise D．thing
A5.A.wrong B．right C．stupid D．foolish
C6.A.experiment B．experience C．writing D．practice
D7.A.came on B．came in C．came back D．came out
A8.A.day B．night C．month D．year
C9.A.graduation B．pass C．degree D．success
A10.A.took off B．put off C．gave off D．got off
训练四 日常生活类
A
Recently a Chinese TV program hit millions of Chinese teenagers.This program is __1__ Sing！China.It is a reality talent show on the Zhejiang Television.Most of the teenagers fall in love __2__ this show.They sit in front of the screen for a long time to enjoy the show.As we know，watching TV is not good for teenagers.First，teenagers are __3__ from adults.It is true that teenagers like relaxing by watching TV.__4__，the dangerous thing to teenagers is that they just can't take their eyes __5__ the screen.They will __6__ watching TV for hours and hours.It is very bad for their eyes.Second，many teenagers have the habit of watching too much TV.They will have __7__ time for sports.Third，some TV programs are not suitable for teenagers.Some even __8__ them to crimes (犯罪)．Finally，watching too much TV will make teenagers __9__ in reading.They will lose their __10__ in reading.
B1.A.calling B．called C．naming D．to name
A2.A.with B．for C．to D．about
C3.A.difficulty B．difficult C．different D．differently
C4.A.Besides B．But C．However D．And
D5.A.out B．away C．up D．off
C6.A.go out B．go down C．go on D．go over
A7.A.little B．a little C．few D．a few
D8.A.let B．make C．have D．lead
B9.A.weakly B．weak C．well D．good
A10.A.interest B．habit C．heart D．way
B (2016，河南)
A man feared his wife wasn't hearing as well as she used to and he thought she might need some hearing aid (助听)．Not quite sure how to __1__ her，he called the family doctor to discuss the problem.The doctor told him there was a simple test the husband could do to give the doctor a better __2__ of her hearing loss.
“Here's what you do，” said the doctor.“Stand about 40 feet away from her，and in a __3__ conversational speaking tone (音调) see if she hears you.If not，go to 30 feet，then 20 feet，and so on __4__ you get a reply.”
That evening，the wife was in the __5__，and he was in the yard.He said to himself，“I'm about 40 feet away，and let me see what will happen.” Then in a usual tone he asked，“Honey，what's for dinner？”
No __6__．
So the husband moved closer to the kitchen，about 30 feet from his wife and asked，“Honey，what's for dinner？”
__7__ no reply.
Next he moved into the dining room where he was about 20 feet from his wife and __8__，“Honey，what's for dinner？”
Again he got no reply.He walked up to the kitchen door，about 10 feet away.“Honey，what's for dinner？”
Again there was no reply.So he __9__ right up behind her.“Honey，what's for dinner？”
“Chicken! James，for the __10__ time I've said that.”
B1.A.save B．help C．face D．guide
C2.A.choice B．excuse C．idea D．suggestion
D3.A.loud B．strange C．special D．usual
A4.A.until B．before C．when D．as
C5.A.toilet B．garden C．kitchen D．dining room
D6.A.dinner B．way C．move D．reply
A7.A.Still B．Even C．Just D．Almost
B8.A.laughed B．repeated C．thought D．added
C9.A.ran B．stood C．walked D．jumped
D10.A.second B．third C．fourth D．fifth
C(2016，山西改编)
The world needs love and many people need our help.Several years ago，my teachers asked me to take part in a program that helps those who are __1__．Each week，I spent an hour in the classroom helping children with schoolwork，art projects，games and other __2__，including eating.My mother is a teacher，so I am used to helping children；however，I found that working with children with special needs would __3__ my life forever.
At first，I thought it would be __4__ to be with the children who are so different，but gradually I found there's something special about these students.So there was no need to worry about it.Each Thursday I was welcomed by the smiling faces of Thomas，Joey and Missy.Thomas has to sit on the wheelchair.He communicates with simple words __5__ yes and no.Joey，a deaf girl，always welcomed me with a big smile.Missy was born with a kind of __6__ and it makes her really small for her age.In a normal classroom，it would be common to hear a teacher comfort a child who is tapping his pencil，speaking __7__，or making unnecessary noises.However，here，shouts，cries，and other noises are __8__．They're signs of excitement and different ways of communicating.
Working with children with special needs has changed my life.It has made me __9__ others' needs.One of my teachers believes that we should be part of something bigger than __10__．I never realized how true this was until I worked with these children.I believe everyone should get out and do something that makes a difference.
C1.A.uneducated B．homeless C．disabled D．ill
C2.A.courses B．competitions C．activities D．work
A3.A.change B．waste C．save D．improve
A4.A.nervous B．relaxing C．lively D．boring
B5.A.except B．like C．against D．in
B6.A.ability B．illness C．habit D．hobby
C7.A.clearly B．politely C．loudly D．rudely
C8.A.mentioned B．stopped C．encouraged D．needed
B9.A.refuse B．notice C．influence D．like
A10.A.ourselves B．yourselves C．themselves D．himself
D(2016，陕西)
One day during a Spring Festival，I was taking a walk near my house when suddenly there came a voice，“Excuse me，sir.” I turned around and saw an old beggar (乞丐)．“Have you __1__ some money，about fifty yuan，around here？I lost it just now.” He looked at me and __2__ my reply.“Sorry，I haven't，”I answered.He went away saying in a low voice，“Where is it？__3__ should I do now？I really need the money.”
I could sense that he was __4__．Then I got an idea.I took out a fifty-yuan note (纸币) and dropped it on the ground.“Here！Here is the money！” I picked it up and __5__ it to him.Then I walked towards my house.
A week later，on a snowy afternoon，I heard someone knocking at the door.It was the old beggar with a heavy bag on his shoulder.He put down the bag __6__ and said，“Thank you so much.I knew you gave me your own __7__ that day，for the money I lost was in change (零钱)．But my wife was __8__，and I really needed it to buy some medicine for her.So I didn't return it to you.” He added，“I have nothing to pay for your __9__．Here's some rice I got from door to door for your children.As the saying goes，‘A child who is fed by many families grows stronger.’ I will be pleased __10__ you like it.” Hearing his words，my wife and I were so moved that tears ran down our faces.
C1.A.made B．lent C．seen D．dropped
D2.A.looked for B．paid for C．left for D．waited for
C3.A.How B．Which C．What D．Why
A4.A.worried B．bored C．interested D．relaxed
B5.A.pushed B．passed C．led D．threw
A6.A.carefully B．easily C．carelessly D．hardly
D7.A.food B．drink C．cloth D．money
B8.A.well B．sick C．busy D．free
C9.A.cuteness B．illness C．kindness D．sadness
D10.A.before B．whether C．though D．if
E(2016，杭州改编)
Bo，a golden retriever，won this year's Dog Hero Award from the Ken-L Ration dog food company.Bo acted __1__ last June.Bo and his owners，Rob and Laurie Roberts，were going down the Colorado River in a 16-foot boat.The June trip was Bo's first time in a boat.
Laurie Roberts said，“Things were fine __2__ a 6-foot wave broke in front of us and filled the boat with water.Another big wave caught us from the back and turned the boat over.” Rob was thrown clear，but Laurie and Bo were unable to move out __3__ the boat.“Every time I tried to __4__，my head hit the boat，” Laurie said.“I hit the bottom of the river several times.I __5__ I was drowning (溺水)．”
Rob picked up the story.“I reached the land and __6__ Laurie，” he said.“I saw Bo swim out from under the overturned boat.Then he turned around and dived (下游)．Soon he came back up，pulling Laurie by the hair.” Laurie，who was __7__ and breathless，tried to catch Bo.But the dog stayed out of reach as if knowing __8__ of them would drown if Laurie pulled him under.__9__ Laurie caught Bo's tail.He pulled her 30 yards to the land.Laurie was cut and bleeding，but she was __10__.
“If it hadn't been for Bo，I wouldn't be here，” Laurie told everyone at the Dog Hero awards dinner.
A1.A.bravely B．strangely C．quietly D．politely
D2.A.since B．though C．unless D．until
C3.A.in B．behind C．under D．above
A4.A.get out B．get down C．get off D．get along
D5.A.promised B．suggested C．described D．realized
B6.A.looked after B．looked for C．looked at D．looked into
C7.A.sad B．sorry C．afraid D．angry
A8.A.both B．all C．neither D．one
D9.A.Already B．Often C．Besides D．Finally
C10.A.busy B．calm C．safe D．hurt
训练五 事物介绍类
A(2016，张家界改编)
Nowadays，WeChat is becoming more and more __1__ in China.No matter where we are，we can sign up and send text or voice messages to our friends.We can also find a stranger to talk to by shaking the __2__．Another funny fun_ction (作用) is that WeChat can help to search for people __3__ live nearby with the program on.Many people like this fun_ction，__4__ it can help them to find more people who they may know.
In my opinion，WeChat is really __5__ useful chatting tool.It can help people __6__ with their friends more easily.__7__，it is also bad for people，especially for students.As you see，some people use WeChat __8__ too long.It is not healthy to them.So I have some advice to use it in a correct way.First，we should not use it when we are studying.We can't focus on our study if we use it.Second，we must be careful.We should neither show too much personal information __9__ trust (相信) strangers so much.
We should learn how to use it properly (正确地)．Remember，WeChat is not everything in your life.__10__ depend too much on it.
A1.A.popular B．cheap C．poor D．easy
B2.A.radio B．phone C．computer D．hand
C3.A.where B．what C．who D．which
C4.A.though B．but C．because D．unless
C5.A./ B．an C．a D．the
B6.A.argue B．communicate C．dance D．agree
A7.A.However B．Whoever C．Wherever D．Whatever
A8.A.for B．in C．on D．with
B9.A.or B．nor C．and D．but
B10.A.Doesn't B．Don't C．Isn't D．Not
B(2016，毕节)
Recently，many people have begun to try a new way of doing shopping through the Internet.They are interested __1__ it.Why is it becoming more and more popular now？There are some __2__．First，more and more people __3__ their own computers and their computers can be joined with the Internet.__4__ it is possible for many of them to do shopping through the Internet.Second，shopping through the Internet can save them some money and __5__ time.Third，they don't need to go to the __6__ themselves.Because of these good facts，few people refuse it.
On the other hand，some people don't like this new way of __7__．They are __8__ about the safety of shopping online.Customers can only __9__ the pictures of a product on the Internet.And they can't enjoy the pleasure of getting things at once.These are the reasons why they do not like it.
But I think more and more people __10__ this new kind of shopping in the future.
C1.A.on B．to C．in D．at
B2.A.excuses B．reasons C．things D．methods
A3.A.have B．has C．had D．having
A4.A.So B．And C．But D．Because
B5.A.a number of B．a lot of C．a few D．many
D6.A.library B．hospital C．gym D．store
C7.A.eating B．visiting C．shopping D．cooking
D8.A.pleasing B．worrying C．pleased D．worried
B9.A.draw B．see C．show D．buy
A10.A.will like B．likes C．like D．liked
C(2016，苏州)
The earliest maps were probably drawn in the Middle East.Some of these maps have __1__ and they show us the people at that time thought the earth flat (平的)．As time went by，the pictures became more detailed and maps were more __2__ made.Later on，ancient Greeks (希腊人) used their __3__ of math and science to make maps.Greek maps tell us the Greeks knew the world was __4__．
From simple pictures，mapmaking has turned into a science.Maps are made __5__ surveying (勘测) land.In the 1900s，people around the world started to share information to make __6__ maps.With the help of the photographs taken from the sky and space，maps are now more exactly made than ever.__7__ the world is always changing，we will always need new maps.
There are many types of maps，but almost all use __8__ and pictures to describe what a place is like when the map is made.A map usually tells what the pictures __9__．Some maps may show the whole world.A road map will help you know the __10__ from one place to another.Other maps may use pictures to show the temperature and population in different places.
B1.A.disappeared B．survived C．gone D．left
C2.A.slowly B．simply C．correctly D．carelessly
A3.A.knowledge B．courage C．energy D．challenge
D4.A.long B．small C．square D．round
B5.A.into B．by C．of D．from
C6.A.cleaner B．lighter C．better D．older
D7.A.Though B．So C．Unless D．Since
C8.A.sounds B．models C．words D．stories
A9.A.stand for B．go for C．ask for D．wait for
B10.A.weather B．distance C．feature D．culture
D
Most of us have three meals a day.We take food for granted (想当然)．And we don't think about it.__1__ experts argue a food crisis (危机) is coming.This crisis is going to make us __2__ the way we think about food.
Food is in great need __3__ a growing of world population.By 1960，the population was three billion.It doubled to six billion by 1999.By 2050，this planet will need to __4__ at least nine billion people.As a result，the food prices get higher and higher.
So，what can a __5__，crowded world do？One suggestion is to eat less meat.Meat uses more natural resources (资源) than grains (谷物)．It requires more __6__ to produce one pound of meat than to produce one pound of grain.It also requires between 5 and 10 times more water than vegetables.So，eating less meat will __7__ more land for farming，and it will save water.
To eat less meat，people will need to change their eating habits.That will not be easy.Americans，for example，have __8__ loved meat.In general，they eat twice as much meat as people in other countries.At the same time，in developing countries like China and Brazil，sales of meat have doubled in the last 20 years.__9__ will double again by 2050.Growing need of meat will continue to put pressure on natural resources.
World population is increasing，resources are becoming fewer，and food prices are rising.Therefore，we need to rethink what we eat every day.For meat lovers，we don't need to give up meat __10__．But we need to eat more grains and less meat.
B1.A.And B．But C．Or D．Until
A2.A.change B．find C．get D．tell
C3.A.instead of B．thanks to C．because of D．as for
C4.A.help B．have C．feed D．meet
D5.A.busy B．tired C．thirsty D．hungry
B6.A.time B．land C．people D．place
A7.A.provide B．produce C．waste D．need
D8.A.never B．seldom C．hardly D．always
A9.A.It B．That C．We D．They
B10.A.quickly B．completely C．finally D．especially
E(2016，江西改编)
Things like Hula hoops (呼啦圈) used to be very popular.Did you ever own any of these？If you didn't，don't feel too bad.They were all fads.A fad is something that becomes very __1__ among a large number of people，but only for a short time.__2__ can become a fad very quickly，but can stop being popular just as quickly.__3__ it is no longer “cool”，a fad goes away.Anything can become a(n) fad—fashion，food，music，technology，even language.
In the late 1970s，Erno Rubik，a professor was looking for a __4__ way to teach his students about 3D objects.He invented a six-color plastic object that would be called the Rubik's Cube (魔方)．The goal was to get each side of the cube a __5__ color.It was very challenging.It took a few years for the toy to become popular，but then __6__，in 1982，it seemed everyone had one.People bought over a hundred million of the __7__．There were 50 books available that year offering solutions (解决办法)．Then，just as suddenly as the craze (风尚) started，it __8__．By 1983，people were not interested in the Rubik's Cube anymore，perhaps because so many people already had one in their home.
In 2012，a South Korean musician named Psy released a song called Gangnam (江南) Style.The music video shows Psy pretending (假装) to horse-ride while he is dancing.In six months，it became the first Youtube (一视频网站) video ever to reach a billion views (观看)．Six months after that，it went on to reach two billion views.The song and video started a worldwide __9__ craze.Gangnam Style had a huge influence on world popular culture.U.S.President Barack Obama and U．K.Prime Minister David Cameron even __10__ the dance.Gangnam Style became less and less popular，but the “Korean Wave” of culture remains popular all over the world.
B1.A.useful B．popular C．valuable D．relaxing
C2.A.Both B．Someone C．Something D．None
D3.A.Although B．Whether C．Before D．When
A4.A.creative B．difficult C．traditional D．common
D5.A.strange B．dark C．bright D．different
A6.A.suddenly B．slowly C．exactly D．seriously
B7.A.videos B．toys C．clothes D．books
C8.A.spread B．appeared C．ended D．failed
B9.A.food B．dance C．language D．sport
B10.A.depended on B．tried out C．gave up D．put off
