课件10张PPT。第40讲 词语运用阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。(2016，河南)
Next time you're in a public place，take a look around you. And 1.________ how many people are using their phones. I can tell you now that it is probably more than half，whether you're on a bus，in a cafè 2.________ simply walking down the street.
I'm not saying that I am not an example of this，but it 3.________ amazes (使惊愕) me how people can spend so much time on their phones without 4.________ to others. Has it gone too far?countoralwaystalking Recently，my smart phone broke and had to be 5.________ off for repair for a week or so. I had to use a really old，basic phone just to keep me in touch with my family and 6.________．All I could do on this phone was to send text messages，make calls and play one game. And I loved it. I loved being 7.________ from the Internet，and I really didn't mind not having updates (更新) about what my friends were doing. It allowed 8.________ to spend more time enjoying my time in London and watching the people 9.________ me and really see what was going on.
However，I knew that as soon as I got my smart phone back I would be one of those 10.________ once again. Perhaps I should just go back to using the basic phone and forget I ever got my smart phone back. sentfriendsfreemearoundpeople 词语运用类题目考查学生在语境中灵活运用词汇的能力。河南省这一题型的考查形式是一篇短文给出10个空格，要求考生从提供的12个单词中挑选10个单词，并用它们的适当形式填空。测试内容以实词为主，虚词很少。
?选词填空解题应注意的事项：
①先对备选的词汇的词性作简单标记，如：名词-n.，动词-v.，形容词-a.，副词-adv.等。同时对词义作初步的理解。
②根据题意或通读全文，猜测空格中所缺的信息，注意发现固定搭配关系，根据需要去备选词汇中寻找匹配的答案。
③在填词过程中要注意词形的变化。既要符合本句的含义又要保证句式结构的正确。为了方便记忆，试着记住下面的顺口溜：空前空后要注意，“名词”单复数要牢记，还有“'s”不能弃，“动词”注意要变形，“形副”注意要用三种级，要填“数词”请留意，千万别忘“基”和“序”，填入“代词”需慎重，五格变化要谨记。
④完成填词后，应通读全文，复核校对。检查单词拼写是否正确，是否有时态、语态、习惯用法及词语选用上的错误，以确保答案的正确性。最后把答案填入答卷时，切勿错位。【例1】 根据语篇内容，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。方框中有两个词为多余项。(2016，山西) As a child，I got angry quite easily and was not good at communicating with others.
I still remember it was an early autumn. Some 1.________ started to turn yellow and the weather became cool. One day，as I was getting ready for school，my mother carelessly handed me my father's vest (背心) instead of 2.________．At that time，I was getting to have a 3.________ size than my father，so when I put on the vest，I felt as if I wasn't able to breathe！I realized that it was a small mistake which 4.________ by my mother，but somehow the breathless feeling was so strong that it made me very angry. My mother said sorry with a smile，but I shouted at her 5.________ thinking much. I got it off my body so wildly that I made a hole in it. I put on my own vest and rushed out of the house 6.________ my mother could stop me.leavesminelargerwas madewithoutbefore Later，my mother shared her bad feelings with my father，“See what your son has done.” Instead of saying he would scold (责备) or beat me，my father 7.________ asked my mother to mend the vest.
Later when my mother told me about my father's response，I felt ashamed (惭愧的) of my bad behavior. My father's gentle kindness 8.________ me a lesson which I would never forget.
On that day，I decided not to let anger 9.________ me any longer. Of course，there are times when I am angry. However，whenever that happens，I 10.________ to remember my father's vest. It always reminds me to think about others' feelings when I get angry.will tryquietlytaughtcontrol解析：1.由上文中的an early autumn及常识可知，初秋“叶子”开始变黄， some意为“一些”，其后若接可数名词，应用名词的复数形式。
2．由下文中的I put on my own vest and rushed out of the house可知，此处应指“ 我的背心”，空后没有名词，应使用名词性物主代词，结合选项可知，应用I的名词性物主代词mine。
3．由than可知，此处应使用比较级；由下文中的I felt as if I wasn't able to breathe(我感觉仿佛我要窒息了)可知，“我”比爸爸的块头更大。
4．由mistake可知，空格处应填make的相应形式，make a mistake“犯错误”，由by my mother及上文的时态可知，应使用一般过去时态的被动语态。
5．thinking much，动词-ing短语作介词宾语，由句意“妈妈笑着向我道歉，但是我没有多想就朝她吼。”可知，应填without。6．由空格前后为两个句子可知，此处应使用连词，“我穿上自己的背心就冲出了房子”应发生在“妈妈阻止我”之前。
7．由asked及下文中的My father's gentle kindness(我爸爸的和善)可知，空格处应使用quiet的副词形式。
8．teach sb. a lesson“给某人一个教训”，为固定短语，根据语篇时态可知，应使用一般过去时态。
9．由下文It always reminds me to think about others' feelings when I get angry.(当我生气时它总是提醒我要考虑一下别人的感受。)可知，此处指“我”决定不再让愤怒“控制”自己。
10．主语之后缺少谓语动词，根据空格后宾语为to remember可知，空格处应为跟动词不定式作宾语的动词，结合选项可知，应用try的适当形式；根据whenever that happens可知，主句应使用一般将来时态。选择恰当的单词填空。每词限用一次。(有两个多余的选项)(2016，青岛) The Great Wall of China is one of the greatest wonders of the world. With a history of more than 2，000 years，some parts of the Great Wall have 1.________．It is，however，still a very popular place of interest.
It is the 2.________ wall ever built. It's from Shanhaiguan on the east coast to Gansu Province in the 3.________ of China. It is about 8 meters high. The top is 8 meters 4.________ and it gets even wider towards the bottom where it is 15 meters. It is made 5.________ stone and brick. The top is hard enough for men on horseback to ride on. The wall was built by hand and it took 6.________ of years to finish.disappearedlongestnorthwestwideofhundreds No one knows 7.________ when the building of the Great Wall was started. It is believed that the wall was built to 8.________ parts of the country during the Zhou Dynasty. Emperor Qin Shihuang joined the separate walls built by the Qin，Yan and Zhao Kingdoms. The wall was not only for protection in the north，it was also a 9.________ of China's ancient civilization (文明)．
Today，many of the visitors go to see the wall.10.________ they stand on top of a tower and look down on this wall，they can't help (禁不住) saying “Wow，that's fantastic！”Whenexactlyprotectsymbol考点跟踪突破40 词语运用
一、根据句意，选择方框中的词组或短语并用其适当形式填空。
A (2016，玉林)
good，interesting，enjoy，most，he，memory，third，especial，know，truth
Chinese people have been celebrating the Mid-Autumn Festival for centuries.It is 1.enjoyable for them to taste mooncakes together.Mooncakes are in the shape of a full moon on the Mid-Autumn night.They carry people's wishes to the families they love and miss.
Zhong Wei，a 46-year-old husband and father has lived in Wenzhou for the last 13 years by 2.himself.With a hard job in a crayon factory，he doesn't find 3.much time to visit his hometown.“I used to return home at least once a year，but I haven't been back for almost 4.three years now，it's a shame，but I just don't have the time，” he says.
Many people like Zhong Wei regard with great 5.interest how their hometowns have changed.Perhaps large hospitals and new roads have appeared.Their hometowns have become 6.better than before.In many places，the government has also built new schools and sent teachers from the cities to help.
“I noticed that's 7.true of my hometown，” adds Zhong Wei.“Children have learned to read and count at my old primary school since the mid-20th century.But now the buildings are very old.I hear they're going to build a new school there.” Zhong Wei thinks such developments are good，and he also 8.knows that his hometown cannot always stay the same.
According to Zhong Wei，however，some things will never change.“In my hometown，there was a big old tree opposite the school.It is still there and has become quite a symbol of the place.Most of the children in my time liked to play together under that big tree 9.especially during the summer holidays.It was such a happy childhood.Our hometown has left many soft and sweet 10.memories in our hearts.How he wishes that he could come back his hometown now.
B(2016，达州)
children，discourage，under，kiss，upset，shout，look，beg，bring，something
A long time ago，a man punished his 3-year-old daughter for wasting a roll of gold wrapping(包着的)paper.Money was tight and he became very angry when the child tried to decorate(装饰)a box to put 1.under the Christmas tree.
However，the little girl 2.brought the gift to her father the next morning and said，“This is for you，Daddy.” The father was 3.upset by his earlier overreaction(过度反应)，but his anger rose again when he found out the box was empty.He 4.shouted at her，“Don't you know，when you give someone a present，there should be 5.something inside？”
The little girl 6.looked up at him，tears filled in her eyes，and cried，“Oh，Daddy，it's not empty at all，I blew 7.kisses into the box.They are all for you，Daddy.” The father was shocked.He put his arms around his little girl，and he 8.begged for her forgiveness.
Only a short time later，an accident took the life of the child.Her father kept that gold box by his bed for many years，and whenever he was 9.discouraged he would take out an imaginary kiss and remember the love of his 10.child who had put it there.
C
this，be，careful，interest，want，hobby，or，one，fact，say，when，good
Maybe you are more 1.interested in sports than in history.You probably think you will never be a top student.In fact，anyone can become a better student if he or she 2.wants to.If you can use your time well，you may improve your study without much work.Here's how：
Plan your time 3.carefully.When you plan your week time，you should make a list of things that you have to do.4.First write down the time for eating，sleeping，dressing，etc.Then decide on a good time for studying.Of course，studying shouldn't take all of your time.Don't forget to leave yourself enough time for 5.hobbies.
Find a good place to study.Look around the house for a good study place.Keep this space，which may be a desk or just a corner of your room.No games，radio，or television! 6.When you sit down to work，think only about the subject!
Make good use of your time in class.Listen carefully to what the teacher 7.says.Careful listening in class means less work later.You also need to take notes in class，because it can make it easier for you to learn 8.well.
There 9.are only a few ways mentioned here to help you with your studying.I believe you will find many other ways besides 10.these.
D (2016，新疆)
lose，worry，much，try，health，piece，hungry，know，advice，time
A lot of people wish to be slim(苗条)，but at the same time they are 1.worried about their health.In fact，it is important for everyone to 2.lose weight “healthily”，but how can you do it？Here's some good 3.advice.
Drink plenty of water and eat a(n) 4.healthy diet.If you feel like eating snacks (零食)，drink a glass of water first.If you are still 5.hungry after 15 minutes，then it's time for a light snack.6.Try to stay away from food with high calories (卡路里)，such as sweets and fast food.
Do not eat 7.more than you can consume (消耗)．People get fat because they cannot consume all the calories that they take in.So 8.to know/knowing how many calories you really need is very important.
Take enough exercise.The “333” is good for you—exercise 3 9.times a week，for at least 30 minutes at a time，and your pulse rate (脉搏率) should be more than 130 after exercising.
Keep the three 10.pieces of advice in mind and follow the advice.Then you'll surely have a slim and healthy body.
E (2016，黔南州)
many，about，they，watch，give，friend，however，large，millions of，be
On Chinese New Year's Eve，almost Chinese people are used to watching the CCTV Spring Festival Gala(春晚).1.However，another thing is also becoming popular this year.
2．To give/Giving red envelopes(红包)to children is one of the traditions of the Chinese New Year.And now，the Internet companies，Tencent(腾讯)and Alibaba(阿里巴巴)，also join in the traditional activity.So people can use 3.their smart mobile phones through WeChat or QQ to send and grab red envelopes.
On the Chinese New Year's Eve of 2016，4.millions of people were busy shaking their smart mobile phones，trying to grab WeChat or QQ red envelopes as 5.many as they could.There 6.wereabout 420 million people grabbing and sending red envelopes online.While people 7.were watching TV，they took an active part in the activity，hoping to bring good luck for their relatives，8.friends and themselves.During the five-hour show，WeChat and QQ users shook their smart mobile phones up to about 10 billion times.
Alipay(支付宝)information showed that there were 9.about 100 million yuan each round to be traded on that day.It has been 10.the largest record so far.And now more and more people like grabbing red envelopes online.
二、阅读短文，选择方框中的单词并用其适当形式填空。
A(2016，兰州)
as，be，dangerous，between，other，stop，just，when，something，difference
Sharks have been around for a very long time.It means they have been on earth for thousands of years，and have changed little.A shark is a fish，but it has many 1.differences from a fish.For example，if a shark 2.stops swimming，it will sink (下沉)．
There are 3.between 200 and 250 kinds of sharks in different size.The largest can be 4.as long as 15 meters.
Sharks feed on fish，5.other sea animals，or smaller sharks.It is said that one of the most 6.dangerous sharks is the Great White Shark.They have attacked (攻击) a number of people off the beaches of America.Australia，New Zealand and South Africa also have shark attacks.In some places there 7.are watchtowers on the beach to warn people about sharks in the water.8.When a shark appears，a bell rings to tell people to get out of the water.Sharks attack about 100 people a year in America.Perhaps the shark 9.just thinks that the person is a kind of sea animal，or 10.something good to eat!
B(2016，资阳)
quick，email，before，she，wife，first，a，fall，into，send
A couple decided to go on a holiday.The wife was on 1.her business trip so the husband went to the destination (目的地) 2.first and his wife would meet him the next day.
When he reached his hotel，he decided to send his wife a 3.quick email.But when he typed 4.the address，he typed a wrong letter and his note was 5.sent to an elderly woman.Her husband had died only the day 6.before and she had just come back from the funeral (葬礼)．
When the sad woman checked her 7.email，she let out a shout，and 8.fell to the floor in a dead faint (昏厥)．At the sound，her family rushed 9.into the room and saw this note on the screen：
Dearest 10.wife，
Just got checked in.Everything prepared for you to arrive tomorrow.
C(2016，绵阳)
find，book，big，how，mind，clever，swim，school，always，name
Many years ago，there was a family named Franklin.They lived in Boston.There were five girls and six boys in the family.On a January day in 1706 another baby was born.The boy's mother and her husband gave the boy a 1.name—Benjamin.
Benjamin was the 2.cleverest of all the children.He could read when he was five and he could write when he was seven.The next year his parents sent him to 3.school.
At school Benjamin was good at reading and writing，but not good at maths.He read all of his father's 4.books.And when he had money，he 5.always went to buy books.He liked books.They told him 6.how to do something.The boy liked to use his head and tried to 7.find ways to help people enjoy life more.For example，he tried to know if there was some way to 8.swim farther，maybe with something on his hands or feet.Slowly a picture of swimming shoes，or paddles，grew in his 9.mind.The paddles must be neither too 10.big nor too small.And they must be neither too heavy nor too light.At last he invented the paddle for swimming.
D(2016，成都)
around，beauty，color，disappear，down，go，hold，I，keep，luck，paint，work
A boy thought that he was the most unhappy person in the world.In his opinion，he was 1.unlucky because almost everything bad always happened to him.So he wanted to find the secret to happiness.He walked a long way and finally came to a 2.beautiful palace.There，he met the king.
After learning why the boy had come，the king suggested that he should look around the palace and come back in two hours.“At the same time，I want you 3.to hold this spoon with milk，” said the king.“As you walk around my palace，carry this spoon without spilling (溢出) the milk.”
The boy 4.kept his eyes fixed on the spoon and began to walk around the golden palace.After two hours，he came back to the king.“Well，” asked the king.“Did you see the wonderful 5.paintings in my dining hall？Did you see the 6.colorful flowers in the garden？” The boy felt sorry because he saw nothing.He only paid attention to the milk.
“Then go back and see the beauty of 7.my world，” said the king.This time the boy saw all of the 8.works of art on the walls.He saw the great gardens and mountains all around.When he came back，he described everything he saw.
“But where is the milk？” asked the king.Looking 9.down at the spoon he held，the boy saw the milk was 10.gone.“Well，there is only one piece of advice I can give you，” said the king.“The secret to happiness is to see all the beauty of the world and also keep an eye on the milk on the spoon.”
E(2016，河南模拟)
it，since，start，problem，when，express，by，mean，wonderful，what，about，easy
“If you agree with me，please Dianzan.” Do you know Dianzan is one of the most popular words on the Internet? When you think someone's ideas are right，when you think someone's articles are 1.wonderful，or when you are moved by what someone writes，you can click (点击)the praise sign.Anyhow，clicking the praise sign 2.means that you agree with someone or praise someone.
Dianzan is a kind of Chinese Internet language.People often use 3.it when they surf the Internet.There is a fun_ction(功能)of Dianzan in the QQ space.The QQ space has had the fun_ction 4.since 2010.It didn't become very popular until Sina blog(新浪博客)5.started the fun_ction of Dianzan.In recent years，it has become more and more popular.When the 2015 New Year came，Chinese leader Xi Jinping used the word Dianzan to praise and 6.expressed his thanks to the great Chinese people.Websites can know how many people support some ideas 7.by counting how many people click the praise sign.Experts can know 8.what teenagers are caring about through what they click the sign for.That can help them solve teenagers' 9.problems.
Clicking the praise sign is really a(n) 10.easy thing.Have you ever clicked the sign for anybody on the Internet?
三、根据句意，选择方框中的词组或短语并用其适当形式填空(有两个多余)。
A (2016，宁夏改编)
it，wake，because，still，time，asleep，stay，anything，when，with，train，drink
A man and his wife had a small bar near a station.The bar often 1.stayed open until after midnight，2.because people came to drink there while they were waiting for 3.trains.
At two o'clock one morning，one man was 4.still sitting at a table in the small bar.He was 5.asleep.The barman's wife wanted to go to bed.She looked into the bar several 6.times，and each time the man was still there.Then at last she went to her husband and said to him，“You've 7.waken that man six times now，George，but he isn't drinking 8.anything.Why haven't you sent him away？It is very late.”
“Oh，no，I don't want to send him away，” answered her husband 9.with a smile.“You see，whenever I wake him up，he asks for his bill，and when I bring 10.it to him，he pays it.Then he goes to sleep again.”
B(2016，辽宁丹东)
how，our，different，toy，pay，on，become，better，one，between，if，spend
Our clothes will become small with our growth.Some books and 1.toys will be not used any more.2.How will you deal with these old things？Don't worry! Here's a good way.Online shopping will help you.Online shopping is 3.becoming more and more popular now.
We can bid (竞价) for the 4.different goods (商品，货品) online，such as books，dolls，clothing and used cars.We can 5.spend less money on 6.better goods.Also，we can sell the things well through the Internet.There are many world online market places 7.on the Internet.
8．If we want to buy or sell something online，we must become the member of one of them 9.first.
Let's buy and sell things online.Let's enjoy 10.ourselves online.
C
off，us，say，and，much，side，where，but，waste，speak，in，stop
Waste can be seen everywhere and it can bring a lot of problems.China is rich in some resources(资源)，1.but we are short of others，for example，fresh water.It is said that we will have no coal(煤) or oil to use 2.in 100 years.Also there is not enough food in some areas.So if we keep 3.wasting our resources，what can we use in the future and 4.where can we move? Think about it，I think we should 5.say“no” to the people who waste things every day.
In our everyday life，we can do many things 6.to stop waste from happening.For example，remember to turn 7.off the lights when we leave the room and we'd better use both 8.sides of paper.Also we should try not to order 9.more food than we need and so on.Little by little，everything will be changed，waste can be stopped one day if we do 10.our best.
D(2016，淄博)
sad，back，holiday，up，sitting，crowded，who，tired，allowed，in，lost，anywhere
In 1955 in Montgomery，Alabama，only white people were 1.allowed to sit in the first four rows of public buses.African-American people had to use the seats towards the 2.back of the bus.If someone 3.who was African-American sat in the white part，he or she would be asked to move.
One day，an African-American named Rosa Parks was 4.sitting in a “whites only” part of the bus.The bus was 5.crowded and some white people needed a seat，so the driver asked Rosa Parks to give 6.upher seat.
But she refused.She was 7.tired after a long day working in a store and she felt she should have the right to sit 8.anywhere she wanted，so she told the driver “no”．
For that，she was arrested (逮捕)．She was tried for just 30 minutes and fined (罚款)$10—a lot of money in those days.She also 9.lost her job because of that.
Today，in the United States，December 1 is a 10.holiday called Rosa Parks Day.Rosa Parks is celebrated for her action and bravery.
E (2016，洛阳模拟)
what，proper，end，with，laugh，one，why，make，worry，sad，same，do
A few words to my son
My son，if some day you find that I'm getting older and weaker，please don't lose patience but try to understand me.
If I repeat the 1.same story，please don't interrupt(打断) me.When you were young，I had to tell the same story again and again till you fell asleep quietly.
If you find I am so ignorant(无知的) about new technology，give me more time.Don't 2.laugh at me.How many things have I ever taught you? I taught you how to eat，how to dress 3.properly，and how to face your life.
If I lose my memory all of a sudden in our conversation and don't know 4.what to say，please give me some time to think.If I can do nothing about that，don't 5.worry.What matters to me is to be with you.
If I can't walk，give me a hand，just like I used to hold you when you made the 6.first step of your life.
If one day I tell you that my life is ending，don't be 7.sad.You will realize that I always try my best to give you the best in spite of the many mistakes I have 8.made.Please don't be sad or upset when I lean on you.Stay close to me.Please understand me just like I used to help you fulfill your life.Help me and hold me so that I could walk to the 9.end of my life in your love and understanding.I will pay you back 10.with my smile and my constant love.
I love you，my child!
