课件10张PPT。第42讲 任务型阅读阅读短文及文后A～E选项，选出可以填入1～5各题空白处的最佳选项。
Jellyfish and Crocodiles(水母和鳄鱼) (2016，广州)
Hi，my name’s Ben. My family，that’s Mum，Dad and me，live in Broome in Western Australia. Western Australia is about 80 times larger than Italy，but only 1.5 million people live there. 1.________ It has a population of about 12，000.It’s right on the coast and is known for its famous Cable Beach，which is 20km long.
We live in the town in a house with a large garden. 2.________ We drive to Cable Beach and look for a quiet place to swim or to fish. We don’t go swimming from October to March because there may be box jellyfish in the water. The box jellyfish is one of the most dangerous jellyfish. 3.________ If you are attacked by one，the best thing to do is to pour vinegar(醋)over the area of your body where you are hurt. That’s why we always take a bottle of vinegar with us.BDA 4．________ A year ago I went camping in the bush with my friend Bill and his dad. We wanted to do some fishing and set up camp about 20 meters from a river.5.________ Bill’s father told us to get up and we quickly got out of the tent and ran to the car，which was only 10 meters away.
Bill’s dad started the car and turned on the headlights. In the light，we could see a big crocodile pulling the tent into the river!A．In Australia，they kill up to 65 people a year.
B．Broome is a town in the north of Western Australia.
C．Another dangerous animal in Western Australia is the saltwater crocodile.
D．At weekends I often go fishing or swimming with my friends or my parents.
E．Suddenly，at 3 o’clock in the morning，we felt something pulling on our tent.EC任务型阅读不仅可以测试考生的语言知识水平和阅读能力，它还可以测试考生对必须知道的普通生活常识的了解，其特点是考查的内容丰富多彩，题型设计多种多样。在答题时，首先要用阅读材料所提供的信息进行分析处理，然后再按要求完成各项任务。常见题型有判断型、还原型、完成句子型、完成表格型、回答问题型和其他任务型等。河南中考主要考查题型为还原型。
?还原型：
1．要在理解全文的基础上，把握段落与段落之间、句子与句子之间的行文关系和逻辑关系。
2．找出突破口，先还原位置较明显的句子，然后把其余的句子逐一回归原文。对于模棱两可的句子，可试着回归原文，反复诵读上下文，判断其位置是否恰当。
3．将所有的句子都还原到短文中后，再通读全文，检查文章是否通顺、逻辑是否合理。做题口诀：
读全文，理脉络，并列、因果和转折。
关键词，不能丢，理清全文看先后。
看人称，要仔细，直接引语得注意。
先排除，再推理，逻辑关系会明晰。【例1】 根据短文内容，从方框内所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。(2016，山西)
Recently，a very simple question became widely spread online：What China should be proud of？1.________
Lanlan，whose real name is Negar Kordi，is from Canada. She came to China five years ago and is a student at Ningbo University. Now she has 120，000 fans on the Internet and the number is still growing.
Lanlan loves China and Chinese.2.________ And that's why she is so well received among Chinese net friends. The following is China in her eyes.
“It is the easiest country in which to find a job. If you are not too lazy，it is really very simple to find a job in China.I believe there're more job chances here than in any other country in the world.”
“3.________ About 400 million Chinese are studying English. If they can speak good English in the future，China will have the greatest number of English speakers of any non-English speaking country.”CEA“The speed of Chinese trains is fast. From Ningbo to Beijing，the train runs 1，365 kilometers for seven hours and the ticket fare is only 595 yuan.”
“Its public security is great.4.________ I have travelled in many countries，and I think China really is very safe.”
“There are much more things China should be proud of. Many Chinese people often criticize (批评) China. At first，I believed that they didn't like China or that they loved Western countries. But later，I realized that they just set a very high standard for China.5.________ China must be much better than other countries.”
A．The foreign language level is surprising.
B．This country of 1.4 billion people makes me feel safe.
C．A foreign girl living in China gave a very touching answer.
D．They believe that it's not enough to be number one in the world.
E．She believes China will be the strongest country in the world in future.DB【短文大意】本文叙述了最近网上广泛传播着一个简单的问题“中国应该以什么为骄傲？”一个很受中国网友喜爱的加拿大女孩Lanlan分别从就业率、英语水平、火车的速度、公众安全等方面对这个问题作出了回答。
解析：1.由上句句意“最近在网上广泛传播着一个很简单的问题……”可推知，下文应与“回答”这个问题有关，C项中的a very touching answer与之相符。
2．由上文句意“她喜欢中国和中国人。”及下文“那就是她在中国网友中颇受认可的原因。”可推知，本句应是她对中国的积极的看法，E项中的She believes China will be the strongest country与之相符。
3．由下文句意“大约4亿中国人在学习英语”可推知，本句应与讲外语有关，A项符合。
4．由上句句意“公众安全也是很了不起的”以及下句句意“……我认为中国真的安全。”可推知，本句应和“安全”有关，B项中的makes me feel safe与之相符。
5．由上文句意“但是后来我意识到，他们只是给中国设立了一个很高的标准”以及下句句意“中国必须要比其他国家好得多。”可推知，D项“他们认为在世界上位居第一是不够的。”符合此处语境。 (2016，河南)
根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺、内容完整。
There are so many expressions in American English that sound pleasant (令人愉快的) but are not.1.________ When someone says they have to “face the music”，it does not mean they are going to a concert. “Facing the music” means to accept and deal with the punishment of an action.
2.________ For example，“I can't face another night of camping！It's cold and rainy.” Or “In life，you must face your fears.” Face used in this way is very common.
But now，let's go back to facing the music. Imagine a friend asks you to take care of her beautiful red sports car. She gives you the keys and says，“Thanks so much for watching my car while I'm away. But please，do not drive it. It is an extremely (极其) fast car.” 3.________ You want to show off to some friends. So，you drive it around town one night. As bad luck would have it，you lose control of the car and drive it into a stop sign. Bang!BDAWhen your friend returns you must tell her what you have done and “face the music”.4.________ It could be losing her friendship or paying for repairs to her sports car or both. Whatever the music is，you must face it.
5．________ To “take your medicine” means to accept the results from something bad you have done. And if someone says，“You made your bed. Now lie in it.” they mean you created a bad situation and now you will experience the results!
A．But you do not listen.
B．“Face the music” is a good example.
C．The “music” here is the result of your actions.
D．Americans often use the word “face” in this way.
E．There are other American expressions that mean the same thing as “face
the music”．EC考点跟踪突破42 任务型阅读
阅读短文，根据短文内容，从短文后的五个选项中，选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项只能用一次。
A
Tips for Writing Better Articles
Many of us don't spend a lot of time improving our writing skills. This can be a problem when we hand in our articles.Good writing skills will help us improve our grades and benefit us later in life.1.B.
Make good word choices. When we're not sure which word is the right one for a sentence，look it up in a dictionary. Many of us choose words in a hurry and don't take the time to decide if they're proper.2.E.
Check facts.If we want people to believe what we write，we must make sure our facts are true.We should use dependable facts.
Rewrite.A common problem is that we don't like to rewrite. In fact，rewriting is the best way to find out and correct some mistakes，like grammar and spelling mistakes.3.C，though it takes more time and more work.
Read aloud.Sometimes it's easier to find problems with spelling，word usage，and grammar when we read aloud.Reading aloud helps us not only find out our problems but also develop our writing.
4．A.Preparing a list is necessary for writing a good article.Such a list includes：Is there a proper title？Have we explained every point？Are all the parts of the article included？This can help us to make sure that we have covered everything.
5．D.But with a few simple steps，we can improve our writing skills and learn how to write better articles.
A．Prepare a list
B．The following tips can be helpful
C．Rewriting makes our writing better
D．It is not easy to become a better writer
E．Good word choices are necessary for good writing
B(2016，吉林)
Many people say that they are working too many hours.1.D They can't take care of things at home.They don't have time to relax.
2．B In France，people spend about 1，646 hours a year at work.In Japan，however，people work about 2，159 hours a year. That means a Japanese employee (员工) works 513 more hours a year than a French one. That is more than 12 weeks，or three months，of extra (额外的) work!
3．E Some people work extra hours because they want to make more money. However，many companies don't pay overtime.Their employees don't get extra pay for extra work. These people work extra hours because they think it's their duty. Some people are afraid they will lose their jobs if they don't work extra hours.
4．C In France，people get five weeks of paid vacation. In Germany，they get from four to six weeks.In the United States，two weeks of vacation is the average (平均)．In one study in Great Britain，fewer than half of the workers ran out of all their vacation days.5.A If that is true，there will be a lot of dull people in the world.
A．In English，people say，“All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.”
B．Work hours are different from one country to another.
C．Many people say that their vacations are too short.
D．They don't have enough time with their families.
E．Why do people work so many hours?
C
This summer，Xu Haoming is going to leave the school.1.D He especially misses the unusual experience in Junior Two.
His school held an art festival last May.2.C They could draw pictures on T-shirts，cook dishes or take nice pictures with their own cameras.Xu enjoyed drawing，so he took part in drawing pictures on T-shirts.
The last day of the festival was the show time for all the activities.3.A Drawing pictures on T-shirts started at 2 p．m. as the last show.They were given 2 hours to draw what they liked.Xu drew a monkey on his T-shirt，because it was his favorite animal.4.E When Xu wore the T-shirt with the cute monkey，his classmates all said he looked cool.5.B
“I will never forget that day！” said Xu Haoming.
A．The students got together on the playground.
B．He felt so proud，though no prize went to him.
C．There were many interesting activities during the whole month.
D．He really misses the days he has spent with his friends in the school.
E．Then they put on their own T-shirts.
D
Everyone wants to own the friendship，because without a friend，the world is like a desert.Friendship is thought to be very important.Too many people want others to be their friends，but they don't give friendship back.1.C To have a friend，you must learn to be one.You must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat you.Learning to be a good friend means learning the following rules.
Honesty(诚实) is where a good friendship starts.2.E If you don't tell the truth，people usually find out，and you may lose your friend's trust.Good friends always trust in one another to speak and do things honestly.
Generosity(慷慨) means sharing and sharing makes a friendship grow.You don't have to give your lunch money or your clothes，of course.3.B These can be valuable to a friend.They tell your friend what is important to you.By sharing them，you help your friends know you better.
Sooner or later，everyone needs understanding and helping with a problem.Something may go wrong at school.4.A Turning to a friend can be the first step in solving the problem.So to be a friend you must learn to listen and understand.You must try to put yourself in your friend's place，so you can understand the problem better.
5．D But all true friendships have three things in common.In fact，good friendship will just not easily last.That is to say，you must give as much as you take，or friendship will die away.
A．Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve.
B．Instead，you can share your ideas and feelings.
C．That is one of the causes why some friendships don't last long.
D．No two friendships are ever exactly similar.
E．Friends must be able to trust one another.
E
Anger is a kind of feeling.1.A When your teacher gives you too much homework，when your team loses an important game，when a friend borrows your favorite thing and then breaks it，you may get angry.
2．D For example，you breathe faster，your face turns red，and you may want to break something or hit someone，but sometimes you hide your anger.For example，you may hide it in your heart.The problem is that if you do this，you may get a headache or your stomach may hurt.
In fact，it's not good to hide your anger，and it's normal for you to get angry sometimes.3.C When you get angry，you can talk about it with adults，such as parents，teachers，etc.4.E Here are some other things you can do when you start to feel angry：count from 1 to 100；give someone a hug；go for a bike ride；think about good things，etc.
Remember that when you are angry，how you act can make everything better or worse.5.B
A．Many things can make you angry.
B．Don't let your anger control you.
C．As soon as you find your problems，you may cry to relax.
D．Usually，your body will tell you when you are angry.
E．After doing that，you'll find those bad feelings can start to go away.
F
No matter how old your kids are，you can take steps to improve a healthy diet and to encourage good eating habits.
Family Meals：1.C Children like to guess what they are going to have and parents get the chance to introduce new foods to children.Parents can also use the mealtime as a chance to talk with their kids about their life.
Healthy Snacks：2.E That's why it's important to have enough healthy snacks，such as fruits，vegetables，nuts，yogurt and whole grain biscuits.
Being a Good Example：The best way for you to encourage healthy eating is to eat well yourself.3.D By eating fruits and vegetables and avoiding fast food and sweet drinks，you are sending the right message.
No Shouts about Food：Parents might find themselves shouting at children to get them to have healthy foods in front of them.This in fact can make children dislike what they are asked to eat.4.B
Get Kids Included(参与)：5.A Talk to them about making choices and planning a healthy meal.It can help them to make good decisions on their own about the foods they want to eat.
A．Most kids will enjoy making the decision about food.
B．You need to work a bit on different cooking ways.
C．Family meals are nice for both parents and kids.
D．Kids will follow the lead of the adults they see every day.
E．Kids will eat mostly what can get at home.
G(2016，枣庄改编)
1．E Sometimes you can find a job easily，by walking into a local store and looking at its notice board(布告栏)．Local stores often have areas for people to put small signs telling the services that they need or they can provide.2.B
Another popular tool for finding a job is the Internet.For example，people around the world can use the Craigslist Website to buy things，meet people or find a job.3.A
Another useful way to find a job is through a university.4.C Many college students like this way better. At times，some experts(专业人士)can also help people find a job.Susan Miller has her own company called California Job Services in Los Angeles. She says her company helps people find a job by first helping them understand their strengths，goals and interests.5.D So with her help，many people have succeeded in finding a good job.
A．It is said that the site can receive two million new jobs each month.
B．Such services include looking after children or cleaning houses.
C．For example，students at the University of Texas can go to the job center to get help.
D．Then she provides them with methods to help them find the right job.
E．People can find jobs in many ways.
H( 2016，毕节)
A man lived in a village.1.E.The cat couldn't run fast，and she couldn't bite，because she was so old.One day，when she saw a mouse，she jumped and caught it.2.C.The mouse got out of her mouth and ran away.
3．A and began to beat the cat.The cat said，“4.D.I know I'm old and can't kill a mouse.But I have worked for you for many years，and I still want to work for you.5.B，and remember what good work they did when they were young.”
When the man heard that，he realized that he was wrong.
A．Then the man became very angry
B．Be kind to the old
C．But she could not bite it
D．Don't beat your old servant
E．He had an old cat at home
I
Happiness is important for everyone.Most people want to be happy but few know how to find happiness.Money and success don't bring lasting happiness.Happiness depends on ourselves.1.A
Some people believe that if they are wealthy，they will be able to do anything they want，which means happiness.2.D Here are a few ways to help you be happier. The first secret of happiness is to enjoy the simple things in life.Too often，we spend so much time thinking about the future，for example，getting into college or getting a good job，that we don't enjoy the present.You should enjoy life's simple pleasures，such as reading a good book，or spending time with close friends.3.C
The second secret of happiness is to be active.Many people go dancing or play sports.4.E
Finally，many people find happiness in helping others.5.B You can help a friend with his or her studies，go shopping to get food for an old neighbor，or simply help around the house.
Now maybe you know how to find happiness!
A．In other words，we make our own happiness.
B．If you want to feel happier，do something nice for someone.
C．People who have close friends usually enjoy happier and healthier lives.
D．However，other people believe that having lots of money is not happiness.
E．People can forget about their problems and only think about the activities.
J
Will you get angry when your friends sing loudly while you are trying to work？Or when your best friend does not wait for you after school?
If you do，you need to take control of feelings and stop getting angry so easily.1.B
Gary Egeberg，an American high school teacher，has written My Feelings Are Just Like Wild Animals to help you control your feelings.It tells teens how to stay cool when bad things happen to them.2.A It can never make them better.The book says you can control your anger easily — all you have to do is to tell yourself not to be angry.
When a baby falls over，it only cries if people are watching it.3.D The book gives many tips(提示) to help you if you get angry easily.Here are the top three：
①Keep a record every time you get angry and write down why you are angry.4.C
②Ask your friends to stop talking to you when you get angry.This will teach you not to be angry.
③Do something different.5.E Try to laugh.
A．The book says that getting angry only makes problems worse.
B．Getting angry with people can cause you to lose friends.
C．Look at it later and you will see you get angry too easily.
D．Like a baby，you should only get angry if you are sure it is the right thing to do.
E．When you get angry，walk away from the problem and go somewhere else.
K
阅读某校网站上新生的留言和老师的回复，并将它们配对。请把序号A—E填入1～5题。答案均写在对应题号的横线上。
1．E
As a new person，it's almost impossible for people to ignore(忽视)you，so talk to people who look friendly.Then，you won't feel so shy.
2．D
You've got to think why you're at school.You're at school to get an education and develop as a person.You can take an active part in school activities and you'll enjoy your school life.
3．A
Why not speak to the people you're sitting next to in class，before and after class？Besides，join the clubs you're interested in.You'll have some friends soon.
4．C
Remember that everyone's homesick(想家的)，but some people are better at hiding it than others.So just keep yourself busy，talk to people when you feel lonely，and ring home regularly.
5．B
Don't worry.It's better for you to tell your parents the truth.I'm sure they'll understand you.Also，you can ask your teachers for help.
Questions：
A．No one wants to be friends with me.Can you tell me what to do?
B．I didn't pass the math test and I'm afraid to face my parents.What should I do?
C．I'm getting homesick.Do you have any advice?
D．I hate school.Could you give me some suggestions?
E．I'm really shy.How can I become more confident?
