课件19张PPT。 第43讲 书面表达
?假设你是思湘，你的美国笔友艾米来信了解中国的传统节日端午节。请根据如下提示用英语写一篇80词以上的回信给她。注意：1. 信中不允许出现与考生本人相关的真实姓名和校名等信息；
2．信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
3．参考词汇：端午节the Dragon Boat Festival；为了纪念in
memory ofDear Amy，
I learn from your letter that ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes!
Si XiangOne possible version：
Dear Amy，
I learn from your letter that you want to know something about Chinese traditional—The Dragon Boat Festival.
The festival has a history of more than 2000 years. It falls on the fifth day of the fifth month according to the Chinese lunar calendar. On that day，people watch exciting dragon -boat races and make delicious zongzi，a kind of special food with sticky rice，meat etc. Wrapped in bamboo leaves. These two are both done in memory of Qu Yuan，a great poet in history.
In a word，we all love the festival because it's a good reminder to look back on history and a wonderful time to get together with family. I hope that you can come to celebrate it with us in the near future.
Best wishes!
Si Xiang书面表达题主要考查学生在特定的语境中综合运用语言进行表达的能力；同时，还考查学生英文书写的规范性、美观性等。
一、常见的书面表达题型
1．根据文体归类：日记、书信、通知、便条、启事、贺卡、发言稿、调查报告、记叙文、说明文及议论文等。然而许多试题都将记叙、议论、说明等表达方式融为一体，形成复合型的写作。
2．根据所提供的材料形式归类：图画作文、图表作文、提纲作文及命题作文等。这样的测试形式既有一定的控制性，又有一定的开放性，为考生展示其写作能力提供了发挥的空间。二、如何写出优美的文章
1．选准词语。
①语言是交流的工具。要使用通用的、合乎习惯的词语，切忌使用生僻的词汇。
②选词要达意，英语中有许多同义但用法不同的词汇或短语，切忌混淆用法。
③用词要简明扼要，在不确定的情况下，宁可用常用词简单明了地表达信息。
2．写好句子。
①运用所学词汇、短语，结合一定的语法知识，按照句子的结构特点，直接用英语写出相应的句子。
②运用固定句式表达信息，把比较复杂的句子分成两个或两个以上的简单句子，减少写错句的几率。
③把两个简单句用一个复合句或较复杂的简单句表达出来，这样可提高文章的可读性，但在没有把握的情况下慎用。
④遇见生词或不熟悉的表达时，可以在保持原意的基础上，用不同的表达方式写出来。
3．设计段落。
一个完整的段落要有主题句、拓展句及结尾句。正确运用连接词使语言衔接自然、行文流畅。
4．书写规范、卷面整洁。三、如何提升写作
1．熟悉五种基本句式及一些使用频率较高的句式。
2．收集优秀范文并大声朗读来扩展思路及培养语感。
3．坚持常规练习。即：词——词组——句子——段落——篇章。切
记：简单句是主菜，要做到运用自如；复杂句是佐料，有之增色，缺之
乏味，但不可舍本逐末，以免弄巧成拙。
4．仔细审题，要点齐全，人称及时态运用正确。【例1】 假设你和朋友将在今年暑假参加以“拥抱大自然”为主题的户外拓展夏令营，其中包括小组自由活动。请你为你们小组设计一个活动方案。(2016，襄阳模拟)
提示词语：climb mountains；go fishing；pick fruits；have a campfire (篝火晚会)
要求：1. 写明你们组计划要做的具体活动，并给出理由；
2．提示词语仅供参考，可增减内容；
3．词数80～100。开头已给出，不计入总词数；
4．文中不得出现真实的人名、校名与地名。
We are going for a camp this summer. I'm glad to make a plan for our group____________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________解析：第一步：认真仔细地阅读提示，思考所提供的信息，计划文
章大致内容。
第二步：根据信息要求遣词造句，连句成文。
第三步：通读全文，纠正错误，书写整洁。
写作要点：1.具体的活动要丰富多彩。2.写出安排这些活动的理由。
注意：此文是计划打算，应用将来时态。切忌写成流水账。【参考范文】
We are going for a camp this summer. I'm glad to make a plan for our group.
First of all，we plan to climb mountains in the morning so that we can enjoy fresh air and watch beautiful sunrise. After that，we'll go fishing and have a fruit--picking competition between boys and girls，which will help us know each other better. What's more，there will be a campfire. We can enjoy ourselves by singing，dancing and telling stories. Won't it be fantastic to share the relaxing moment with friends?
We are looking forward to the summer camp because we can forget the busy work at school，and I believe we'll have a wonderful time together.精彩再现：
①文章内容完整，叙述清楚，要点一目了然。
②使用了first of all，after that，what's more表顺序的副词来使文章条理更清晰，更流畅。
③经典句型：?we plan to climb mountains in the morning so that we can enjoy fresh air and watch beautiful sunrise. ?Won't it be fantastic to share the relaxing moment with friends？?I believe we'll have a wonderful time together.【例2】 由于父母的溺爱，现在许多孩子基本不做学习以外的事情，导致独立生活能力不强。请你根据下面表格中的内容，按要求用英语写一篇短文，谈谈作为中学生，我们应该如何培养自己的独立性。要求：1. 语句通顺，意思连贯，语法正确，书写规范；
2．必须包括表格中所有内容，并做适当发挥；
3．行文中不得出现真实人名、校名或地名；
4．词数70左右。(短文的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数) As middle school students，it's very important for us to be independent. What should we do to make us independent？First，____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I think if we keep on doing these，we'll become more and more independent.解析：第一步：认真阅读题目要求，仔细观察表格中的内容。第二步：根据提示内容，把握好文章的中心，适当发挥。选用合适的表顺序的副词使文章条理清晰。第三步：通读全文，检查要点是否遗漏，纠正错误，书写要整洁。
注意：表达培养独立性的方法时，多用祈使句；描述可以做的事情时，可用到can，should，need等情态动词；写作时，时态应用一般现在时，人称采用第一人称，给出的要点不能遗漏，并且注意词数要求。【参考范文】
As middle school students，it's very important for us to be independent. What should we do to make us independent？First，let's begin with our own things. It's our job to clean our own rooms and make our beds. Second，help with housework. We can help cook or clean the house in our free time. Doing housework teaches us how to look after ourselves. Third，learn actively. We should learn by ourselves and finish our homework on time. Finally，think about things by ourselves. We sometimes need to make plans or decisions alone. Don't always depend on others.
I think if we keep on doing these，we'll become more and more independent.精彩再现：
①整篇文章结构完整，内容详尽，要点明确。
②层次清晰。先表明自己的观点，后用first，second，third，finally等表顺序的副词把观点一一陈列，清楚明了，条理分明。
③经典句型：?It's our job to...?Doing housework teaches us how to look after ourselves. ?Don't always depend on others. (2016，长沙)
假如你是李华，你的好朋友Lisa不久前参加达人秀节目被淘汰了， 她为这次失败所困扰，无心学习。请你给她写一封电子邮件，建议她正确地看待达人秀节目，享受参与的过程而不必太在意结果；提醒她实现理想的途径有很多，只有努力才能获得成功；鼓励她好好学习，也不放弃个人爱好，开心地度过每一天。
要求：(1)包含以上所有要点，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
(2)词数：60～80词(信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)；
(3)信中不得出现你的真实姓名、学校名和地名。One possible version：
Dear Lisa，
I'm sorry to hear that you are feeling down because of your failure in this talent show. I'd like to share with you my thoughts on this matter.
Yes，talent shows may change one's future. They offer the opportunity to show one's talents，and give people a way to make their dreams come true. Since only some people are truly talented，there is no need to take the result too seriously. It may not be good for us teenagers to become famous overnight. So just enjoy the process.
In addition，there are many ways to success，and only by working hard can you achieve your goals. As a teenager，you should spare no efforts to study and develop your interests at the same time，which，without doubt，will enrich your future life.
Hope you'll be happy every day.
Yours，
Li Hua
?考点跟踪突破43 书面表达
A(2016，南宁)
众所周知，良好学习习惯的养成对中学生极为重要。请以“How to develop our good learning habits”为题写一篇英语小短文，向同学们提出以下建议：
写作要点：1.课前为新课做准备；
2．课堂上认真听课，做笔记；
3．课后按时完成作业并多做阅读。
写作要求：1.语句通顺，意思连贯，语法正确，书写规范；
2．写作要点齐全，并做适当发挥；
3．文中不得出现人名、校名或地名，否则不得分；
4．词数：80左右。标题已给出，不计入总词数。
How to develop our good learning habits
As middle school students，it's very important for us to develop our good learning habits. What should we do to form our good learning habits?
First，we should get ready for new lessons before class. Second，we must listen to the teachers and take notes carefully in class. Third，it is necessary for us to finish our homework on time after class. At the same time，we'd better do more reading every day. We should also study hard and ask for advice when we have problems. Try to make study plans for ourselves. It's very useful.
I think if we keep on doing these，we will be successful in the future.
B(2016，包头)
假设你是Li Hua，请你用英文给你校外教Jim发一封电子邮件，主要内容包括：
1．今天下午，你上体育课时伤了左脚，明天不能去上他的课。
2．邀请他参加下周的英语俱乐部活动：
时间：下周五下午4点 地点：初三(1)班
活动内容：用英文讨论暑假计划，并希望他能给同学们一些如何提高英语的建议。
3．如果有问题，可以打电话或发电子邮件联系。
注意：1.文中不得出现涉及考生真实信息的人名、地名或校名；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．词数70～110(开头结尾已经给出，不计入总词数)。
Dear Jim，
I'm Li Hua，one of the students in your spoken English class. I'm sorry to tell you that I can't go to your class tomorrow. The reason why I ask for a leave is that I hurt my left foot in the P．E. class this afternoon.
Besides，I'd like to invite you to join in the activity in our English club next Friday. It'll start at 4 p．m.in Class 1，Grade 3.We'll talk about the plan for the coming summer vacation in English. And we'll be very glad if you can give us some advice on how to improve our English. Call me or send me an email if you have any questions.
I'm looking forward to your early reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
C(2016，重庆)
随着外国游客日益增多，未来科技馆决定选拔部分中学生在假期为他们提供英语讲解服务。科技馆需要应征者提交英文自荐信。假如你叫袁新，你有能力并希望成为一名讲解员，请按要求写一封自荐信。
要求：1.必须写出三点及以上的自荐理由；
2．词数：80～120(开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)。
参考要点：1.擅长英语(英语水平，沟通能力……)；
2．热爱科学(科学知识，创新能力……)；
3．……
Dear sir，
I'm a junior student from Chongqing Xinhua School. I'd like to become one of your guides.
I've learned English for 6 years. I spend a lot of my free time listening to English news and watching English movies，so I'm good at English. That is to say，it's not difficult for me to talk with people in English.
I have been interested in science since I was a child. My favorite books are on science. Some new ideas often come out of my mind，which has encouraged me a lot. With these ideas，I have made some small inventions to make my life more comfortable.
Besides，I feel like making friends with different people，no matter where they come from. I'm sure that I will get along well with them.
I would be most thankful if you could give me the chance.
Thank you!
Yours，
Yuan Xin
D(2016，眉山)
为了更好地开展全民阅读活动，有关部门就如何为市民创造良好的阅读环境广泛征求意见。你们班将举行一次英语主题班会，来讨论这个话题。请你写一篇发言稿，提出自己的想法和建议。
要点：1.阅读的好处(如：更多地了解世界，有助于提高写作，有助于自我放松)；
2．你的建议(如：建更多小型图书馆，经常性地推荐好书等)。
要求：1.发言稿的内容必须包括以上所提供的信息，可适当发挥；
2．词数80左右。开头已给出，不计入总词数；
3．文中不得出现考生本人姓名及所在学校的名称。
Hello，my dear friends. As we all know，reading is very important to us. It can not only make us know more about the world but also help improve our writing and relax ourselves. To make people love reading，I have some ideas of my own.
First，we can have lots of small libraries built in our city. Second，if good books can be introduced often，more people will be interested in reading. Third，if the seats in the libraries are very comfortable，people will enjoy reading there a lot.
I hope my advice can work and more people will love reading.
E(2016，郴州)
假如你是李华，你的美国朋友Jeff向你了解你校的课堂教学形式，请你根据提示内容用英语给他写封电子邮件，并谈谈你的感受。
要点提示：1.我们的课堂是开放自由、生动有趣的。
2．我们在课堂上经常讲故事，做游戏。
3．老师在课堂上经常使用电脑，给我们听音乐、看录像等，使我们学到更多知识。
4．在课堂上老师给我们足够的时间进行自主学习和自由讨论。
5．我们有更多的机会展示自我。
要求：1.短文须包含要点提示中的所有信息(不要逐字翻译)，并在此基础上适当发挥；
2．词数：80左右(短文开头已给出，不计入总词数)；
3．文中不得出现真实姓名、校名和地名。
可能用到的词汇：study and think for oneself，ability of independent study，discuss in groups freely，show/express oneself
Dear Jeff，
I was glad to receive your letter and I'd like to tell you something about how we study in class.
Now our classes are open and free.All of our classmates feel the classes are interesting and lively as we often tell stories and play games.Thus，we can not only learn but also have fun.The teachers often use the computer in class.We can learn more by listening to music and watching videos.Our teachers give us enough time to study and think for ourselves to develop our ability of independent study.We also have more chances to discuss in groups freely and so we can learn how to communicate with each other and learn from each other.Sometimes we even express ourselves in front of the whole class.And we can ask questions during or after class freely.
Li Hua
F(2016，河北)
关于“说英语”问题，李华和他的英语老师Miss Wang持不同的观点。请你仔细阅读下图中的对话内容，从中选择一个角色，按照所给要求写一篇短文。
要求：1.用“Li Hua”或“Miss Wang”补全短文首句；
2．写出所选角色的观点，并续写理由；
3．短文中不得出现真实的人名、校名和地名；
4．词数80左右(开头已给出，不计入总词数)。
参考词汇：shy；make a mistake；believe in
Possible version 1：
I am Miss Wang. Your English is poor because you don't speak English. English，like any other language，is a tool of communication—the more you speak it，the better your English will become.So you should try to speak every day，as much as possible. And don't be shy or afraid of making a mistake.Your teacher and classmates are always ready to help you. The most important is that you must believe in yourself and never give up！Always remember：practice makes perfect！
Possible version 2：
I_am Li Hua.I don't speak English because my English is poor. I find it hard to speak English. I am a little shy and afraid of making a mistake. I always feel nervous when I stand up speaking English in class.I'm afraid that my classmates may laugh at me when I speak English.To tell you the truth，I don't believe in myself.The less I speak，the worse my English is.When my English improves，I will enjoy speaking it.
G(2016，绍兴)
针对大部分高中要求学生住校的现状，英语课上同学们就“Would you like to live in school？”这一话题展开调查。请你根据下表内容，用英语写一篇短文，汇报调查结果，表达你的意愿并阐述理由。
大部分学生
愿意
1.方便与同学交流；
2.学会照顾自己；
一些学生
不愿意
1.在家能休息得更好；
2.与家人相处时间更长；
你
……
……
注意：1.短文必须包括表中所有内容，可适当增加细节；
2．你的理由至少两条；
3．词数：80～100；
4．短文首句仅供选择使用，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：方便的convenient
短文首句：Would you like to live in school？We had a survey about it and here's the result.
Most students prefer to live in school because they find it convenient to communicate with their classmates. Also，they can learn how to look after themselves in this way.
However，some students think living at home is a better choice.The main reason is that they can relax better at home.Besides，they can spend more time with their family members and get on better with them.
As for me，I'd like to live in school.That's because I can spend more time on study.What's more，it's a wonderful experience to live with other classmates.
