Unit 4 Plant life(知识清单)英语外研版 四年级下册(含答案)

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名称 Unit 4 Plant life(知识清单)英语外研版 四年级下册(含答案)
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Unit 4 Plant life(知识清单)
英语外研版 四年级下册
01 单元速记
重点词汇
类别 单词/短语 音标 词性 中文释义 记忆方法
植物器官类 seed /si:d/ n. 种子,籽 形近词:need(需要);复数:seeds;短语:sunflower seeds(向日葵种子)
root /ru:t/ n. 根 形近词:foot(脚);复数:roots;例句:They are the roots of the plant.
stem /stem/ n. (植物的)茎,梗,柄 对应植物器官:root(根)、leaf(叶);例句:The stem of the flower is green.
leaf /li:f/ n. 叶,叶子 复数特殊变化:leaf→leaves(f变v加-es);短语:yellow leaves(黄叶)
flower / fla (r)/ n. 花,花朵 联想:sunflower(向日葵,sun+flower);例句:My yellow flower dances in the sun.
农作物类 sunflower / s nfla (r)/ n. 向日葵 合成词:sun(太阳)+ flower(花);复数:sunflowers
wheat /wi:t/ n. 小麦 形近词:sweep(打扫);短语:water the wheat(给小麦浇水)
cotton / k tn/ n. 棉花,棉株 第一个o发/ /;短语:pick cotton(摘棉花)
cabbage / k b d / n. 卷心菜,洋白菜,甘蓝 例句:Do you want cabbage (你想要卷心菜吗?)
核心名词 life /la f/ n. 一生,生活;生命 形近词:live(居住);短语:school life(学校生活)
earth / :θ/ n. 泥土,土壤;地球 形近词:early(早的);短语:in the earth(在泥土里)
grain /ɡre n/ n. 谷粒 形近词:rain(雨);短语:big grain(大谷粒)
paper / pe p (r)/ n. 纸;报纸 短语:a piece of paper(一张纸);例句:We use plants to make paper.
mouse /ma s/ n. 老鼠;鼠标 复数:mice;近音词:mouth(嘴);例句:A mouse is near the mouse.
动词类 dig /d ɡ/ v. 挖,掘 形近词:big(大的);动词-ing形式:digging;例句:We're digging for planting seeds.
sleep /sli:p/ v. 睡,睡觉 动词-ing形式:sleeping;短语:go to sleep(去睡觉);形近词:sweep(打扫)
miss /m s/ v. 想念,思念;错过 其他词义:Miss(女士);例句:I miss my grandpa very much.
will /w l/ modal v. 将,会,要 无人称变化,后接动词原形;用于将来时;例句:His dreams will come true.
形容词/代词 thin /θ n/ adj. 细的;瘦的 形近词:this(这);例句:The stem is very thin.(茎很细)
everything / evriθ / pron. 每件事物;所有事物 用法:作主语时谓语用三单;例句:Everything is so good.
重点短语 in the earth 在泥土里 Put the seeds in the earth.(把种子埋在泥土里)
pick cotton 摘棉花 Lisa wants to pick cotton.(莉萨想摘棉花)
water the wheat 给小麦浇水 Farmers are watering the wheat.(农民正在给小麦浇水)
grow up 长大 The little plant is growing up.(小植物正在长大)
come true 实现 His dream will come true.(他的梦想会实现)
stay with 和……待在一起 I like staying with Grandpa.(我喜欢和爷爷待在一起)
thank you for doing 感谢做某事 Thank you for helping us grow!(感谢你帮助我们成长)
use...to make... 用……制作…… We use plants to make paper.(我们用植物造纸)
典型句型
句型结构 中文含义 教材例句 拓展例句
-What are + 复数主语 + 动词-ing形式 (+ 其他) -We're/They're + 动词-ing形式 (+ 其他). 你们/他们正在做什么? 我们/他们正在做……。 -What are you doing -We're digging. -What are they doing -They're planting seeds.
-Are + 某些事物 + 动词-ing形式 (+ 其他) -Yes, they are./No, they aren't. 某些事物正在……吗? 是的。/不,不是。 -Are your seeds growing -Yes, they are. -Are the leaves getting big -No, they aren't.
Why + be动词 + not + 主语 + 动词-ing形式 (+ 其他) 为什么……没有正在……? Why aren't my seeds growing (为什么我的种子没有发芽?) Why aren't the flowers opening (为什么花没有开放?)
主语 + will + 动词原形 (+ 其他). 某人/某物将会…… His dreams will come true.(他的梦想将会实现) The plant will grow tall.(这棵植物将会长高)
We use + 某物 + to make + 某物. 我们用……制作…… We use plants to make paper.(我们用植物造纸) We use wheat to make bread.(我们用小麦做面包)
主语 + have/has got + 名词. 某人有…… I've got tomato seeds.(我有西红柿种子) She has got sunflower seeds.(她有向日葵种子)
语言目标
目标序号 具体内容
1 能说出植物各器官(seed、root、stem等)及农作物(wheat、cotton等)词汇
2 能运用现在进行时句型询问和描述种植相关动作(What are you doing We're digging.)
3 能使用will句型表达植物生长或梦想相关的将来情况
4 能描述植物的用途(We use plants to make...)
5 掌握字母e发/i:/音的发音规则,能识别并朗读相关单词(he、she、we等)
6 了解植物与人类的关系,热爱自然、善待生命,尊重劳动者的辛勤付出
02 考点速记
考点1 现在进行时(种植相关动作)(核心考点)
【详解】单元重点句型,用于询问和描述正在进行的种植或植物生长相关动作,核心结构:
特殊疑问句(问动作):What are + 复数主语(you/they)+ 动词-ing形式 (+ 其他) → 答语:We're/They're + 动词-ing形式 (+ 其他).
一般疑问句(确认动态):Are + 事物(seeds/leaves)+ 动词-ing形式 (+ 其他) → 答语:Yes, they are./No, they aren't.
动词-ing变化规则(结合种植动作):
一般情况加-ing(dig→digging、plant→planting、water→watering);
不发音e结尾去e加-ing(make→making、ride→riding);
重读闭音节双写尾字母加-ing(swim→swimming,单元无重点例词)。
【典例】
—What ______ they ______ (do) in the field —They're picking cotton.(用所给词的适当形式填空)
—Are the stems ______ (get) long —Yes, they are. The plant is growing up.(用所给词的适当形式填空)
单项选择:—What are you doing —We're ______ tomato seeds.( )
A. plant B. planting C. plants
They are watering the wheat.(对画线部分提问)
______ ______ they doing
补全对话:—______ ______ the seeds growing —No, they aren't. Because they are snacks.
考点2 植物器官词汇及复数变化(重点考点)
【详解】核心植物器官词汇需掌握含义及复数形式,重点关注特殊变化:
常规复数:seed→seeds、root→roots、stem→stems、flower→flowers;
特殊复数:leaf→leaves(f变v加-es,单元重点);
易混点:区分plant(植物,名词)与plant(种植,动词),如a plant(一棵植物)、plant seeds(播种)。
【典例】
The ______ (leaf) of the sunflower are big and green.(用所给词的适当形式填空)
Look at the plant! Its ______ (root) are long and thin.(用所给词的适当形式填空)
单项选择:—What are these —They are ______ of the plant.( )
A. leaf B. leaves C. leafs
This is a sunflower.(改为复数句)
______ are ______.
补全句子:植物有根、茎和叶。
A plant has ______, ______ and ______.
考点3 情态动词will的用法(高频考点)
【详解】用于表达将来发生的事情,核心规则:
结构:主语 + will + 动词原形 (+ 其他);
无人称和数的变化,无论主语是单数、复数,will形式不变;
常见场景:植物生长(The seed will grow)、梦想实现(Dreams will come true);
否定形式:will not = won't(单元未重点提及,简要了解)。
【典例】
The small seed ______ (will) grow into a tall sunflower.(用所给词的适当形式填空)
His dream ______ (come) true. He works very hard for it.(用所给词的适当形式填空)
单项选择:—______ the plant grow tall —Yes, it will.( )
A. Will B. Do C. Is
They will make paper from plants.(改为一般疑问句)
______ they ______ paper from plants
补全句子:我将会种植一些卷心菜种子。它们将会长得很大。
I ______ ______ some cabbage seeds. They ______ ______ big.
考点4 字母e发/i:/音的发音规则
【详解】字母e的发音为长元音/i:/,发音要领:舌尖抵下齿,舌前部尽力向口腔上壁抬起,双唇微微张开呈扁平口形,声带振动;
单元例词:he(他)、she(她)、we(我们)、me(我)、be(是)。
【典例】
找出画线部分发音不同的一项( )
A. he B. she C. bed D. we
写出三个字母e发/i:/音的单词:、、______
判断发音是否相同(相同写S,不同写D):① she 和 we( ) ② me 和 bed( )
根据发音规则,补全单词:sh______(她)、w______(我们)
朗读句子,标出含/i:/音的单词:He and she are planting seeds with me.
考点5 use...to make...句型(基础考点)
【详解】固定句型,意为“用……制作……”,核心用法:
结构:主语 + use + 原材料 + to make + 成品;
单元核心原材料:plants(植物),成品:paper(纸)、bread(面包)、chairs(椅子)等;
主语为第三人称单数时,use变uses(如He uses plants to make bags.)。
【典例】
We use ______ (wheat) to make bread.(用所给词的适当形式填空)
People ______ (use) cotton to make clothes.(用所给词的适当形式填空)
单项选择:They use plants ______ paper.( )
A. make B. to make C. making
We use plants to make chairs.(对画线部分提问)
______ do we use to make chairs
补全句子:农民用小麦制作面条。
Farmers use ______ ______ ______ noodles.
03 素养拓展
文化与品德教育
植物的多重价值
植物是人类的宝贵财富:提供食物(小麦、水稻、蔬菜),供给碳水化合物、维生素等营养;提供原料(棉花制衣、植物造纸、做家具);美化环境(向日葵、花朵);还承载文化含义,如玫瑰象征爱与友谊,樱花象征生命的美好,牡丹象征幸福。
尊重劳动与生命
袁隆平爷爷为实现“种出高产水稻、养活世界”的梦想,长期在田地里辛勤工作,体现了“努力成就梦想”的精神。植物从种子到成熟需要耐心种植和养护,我们要善待植物、珍惜粮食,不浪费来自植物的食物。
英文惯用语与表达
For what (为了什么?):用于询问动作目的,如“We're digging. —For what —To plant seeds.”;
Come true.(实现):仅用于梦想、愿望等,如“His dream will come true.”;
Thank you for helping us grow!(感谢你帮助我们成长):用于表达对植物或他人的感恩。
植物生长的启示
植物生长需要泥土、阳光、水分和耐心,正如人的成长需要努力、坚持和时间,遇到困难时要像植物一样顽强生长,不轻易放弃。
学习方法小贴士
词汇记忆:采用“植物生长流程记忆法”,按“seed(种子)→ root(根)→ stem(茎)→ leaf(叶)→ flower(花)”的生长顺序记忆器官词汇,结合动作词汇(dig→plant→water→grow)形成逻辑链。
句型运用:模拟“种植观察”场景,两人一组,一人扮演种植者(描述动作:I'm watering the plant.),另一人用“What are you doing ”提问,用“Are the leaves growing ”确认植物动态,强化互动。
实践拓展:结合文档Project活动,制作“植物日志”,选择一种植物(如生菜、向日葵),记录种植过程(Day1:I'm planting seeds. Day7:The leaves are growing.),用文字或照片记录,巩固词汇和句型。
04 过关练习
一、单词拼写(每小题2分,共10分)
根据句意及首字母和中文提示,补全单词。
Put the s______ in the earth. It will grow into a plant.(种子)
The r______ of the tree are under the earth. They take water.(根)
Farmers are p______ cotton in the field. It's harvest time.(摘)
My dream will c______ true. I will work hard.(实现)
We use p______ to make paper and chairs.(植物)
二、单项选择(每小题2分,共20分)
—What are you doing —We're ______ a small garden for the class.( )
A. make B. making C. makes
The ______ of the plant are green and big.( )
A. leaf B. leafs C. leaves
—Are the seeds growing —No, they aren't. ______ they are snacks.( )
A. Because B. So C. But
We use wheat ______ bread and noodles.( )
A. make B. to make C. making
His dream ______ come true. He is a hard-working scientist.( )
A. will B. do C. is
—What are they doing in the field —They're ______ the wheat.( )
A. water B. watering C. waters
The stem of the sunflower is ______. It can hold the flower.( )
A. thin B. big C. long
I ______ my grandpa. He works hard in the fields.( )
A. miss B. misss C. missing
—______ are the flowers not opening —Because there is no sunshine.( )
A. What B. Why C. How
Everything ______ good. The plants are growing well.( )
A. is B. are C. be
三、句型转换(每小题4分,共20分)
They are planting tomato seeds.(对画线部分提问)
______ ______ they doing
The seeds will grow into sunflowers.(改为一般疑问句)
______ the seeds ______ into sunflowers
Are the leaves getting big (作肯定回答)
______, ______.
We use plants to make paper.(对画线部分提问)
______ do we use to make paper
He is digging in the earth.(改为否定句)
He ______ ______ digging in the earth.
四、连词成句(每小题3分,共15分)
are / what / in / doing / they / the field ( )
__________________________________________________
use / cotton / we / to / clothes / make (.)
__________________________________________________
will / his / come / dream / true (.)
__________________________________________________
the / are / growing / seeds / not (.)
__________________________________________________
leaves / the / green / are / sunflower (.)
__________________________________________________
五、完形填空(每小题3分,共15分)
Everyone likes plants. They are important to us. We get food from plants. Wheat and rice give us grains. Cabbage and beans give us vitamins. We also 1. ______ plants to make paper and chairs.
I want to grow a sunflower. First, I 2. ______ some seeds in the earth. Then I water them every day. After a week, small 3. ______ come out. They are green. After a month, the stem gets tall and thin. The leaves are big now.
I wait and wait. One day, a yellow 4. ______ opens. It looks like the sun. I'm very happy. I know plants need sunshine, water and love to grow. My hard work makes my dream 5. ______.
A. use B. uses C. using
A. put B. puts C. putting
A. leaf B. leaves C. leafs
A. flower B. root C. stem
A. come B. comes C. coming
六、阅读理解(每小题3分,共15分)
Sam's Class Garden
Sam and his classmates want to make a small garden for their class. They bring different seeds. Lily has tomato seeds. Lucy has bean seeds. Tom has cucumber seeds. Sam has some "seeds" too.
They go to the field. First, they dig the earth. Then they plant their seeds. They water the seeds every day. Two weeks later, Lily's tomato seeds are growing. Lucy's bean seeds and Tom's cucumber seeds are growing too. But Sam's seeds aren't growing.
Sam is sad. His friends tell him, "Oh, Sam! Your seeds can't grow. They are snacks, not real seeds!" Sam laughs. He brings real sunflower seeds and plants them. Now, all the seeds are growing. The class garden is beautiful.
根据短文内容,选择正确的答案。
What do Sam and his classmates want to make ( )
A. A snack shop. B. A class garden. C. A seed bank.
Who has bean seeds ( )
A. Lily. B. Lucy. C. Tom.
Why aren't Sam's first seeds growing ( )
A. They are snacks. B. There is no water. C. They are too small.
What does Sam plant later ( )
A. Tomato seeds. B. Bean seeds. C. Sunflower seeds.
What do we know from the story ( )
A. Snacks can grow into plants. B. Plants need real seeds to grow. C. Sam doesn't like the garden.
七、书面表达(共20分)
请以“How to Grow a Sunflower”为题,写一篇短文,描述种植向日葵的过程。
要求:
运用本单元核心句型(First... Then... After...、We're/They're...、It will...);
按种植顺序描述步骤,语句通顺,语法正确;
不少于5句话。
一、考点典例答案与解析
考点1 现在进行时(种植相关动作)
答案:are;doing
解析:主语they是复数,询问正在做什么用What are they doing ,be动词用are,后接动词-ing形式doing。
答案:getting
解析:现在进行时的结构为“be动词 + 动词-ing”,get的-ing形式为getting。
答案:B
解析:现在进行时的结构为“be动词 + 动词-ing”,plant的-ing形式为planting,故选B。
答案:What are
解析:对“给小麦浇水”这一动作提问用What,主语they是复数,be动词用are。
答案:Are;the
解析:确认种子是否发芽用Are the seeds growing ,主语seeds是复数,be动词用are。
考点2 植物器官词汇及复数变化
答案:leaves
解析:由are可知主语为复数,leaf的复数形式为leaves(特殊变化)。
答案:roots
解析:由are可知主语为复数,root的复数形式为roots(常规变化)。
答案:B
解析:leaf的复数形式为leaves,A是单数,C变化错误,故选B。
答案:These;sunflowers
解析:this的复数为these,sunflower的复数为sunflowers。
答案:roots;stems;leaves
解析:“根”“茎”“叶”对应的英文为root、stem、leaf,此处用复数形式表示类别。
考点3 情态动词will的用法
答案:will
解析:will无人称变化,后接动词原形grow,直接用will。
答案:will come
解析:由后句“他努力工作”可知梦想将会实现,用will + 动词原形come。
答案:A
解析:由答语Yes, it will.可知问句用Will引导,故选A。
答案:Will;make
解析:will引导的一般疑问句将will提前,后接动词原形make。
答案:will plant;will grow
解析:“将会种植”译为will plant,“将会长得”译为will grow,will后接动词原形。
考点4 字母e发/i:/音的发音规则
答案:C
解析:A、B、D项中e发/i:/音,C项bed中e发/e/音,发音不同,故选C。
答案:he、she、we
解析:均为单元内e发/i:/音的核心词汇,符合发音规则。
答案:① S;② D
解析:① she和we中e均发/i:/,发音相同;② me中e发/i:/,bed中e发/e/,发音不同。
答案:e;e
解析:she和we均为e发/i:/的单词,补全字母e。
答案:He、she、me
解析:He、she、me中e均发/i:/音。
考点5 use...to make...句型
答案:wheat
解析:wheat为不可数名词,直接用原形作宾语。
答案:use
解析:主语people是复数,use用原形。
答案:B
解析:use...to make...为固定句型,to后接动词原形,故选B。
答案:What
解析:对“植物”这一原材料提问用What。
答案:wheat to make
解析:“用小麦制作面条”译为use wheat to make noodles,符合固定句型。
二、过关练习答案与解析
一、单词拼写
答案:seed
解析:首字母s+中文“种子”,对应单词seed,put the seed in the earth为固定场景。
答案:roots
解析:首字母r+中文“根”,由are可知用复数roots。
答案:picking
解析:首字母p+中文“摘”,由are可知用现在进行时,pick的-ing形式为picking。
答案:come
解析:首字母c+中文“实现”,come true为固定短语。
答案:plants
解析:首字母p+中文“植物”,用复数plants表示类别。
二、单项选择
答案:B
解析:现在进行时的结构为“be动词 + 动词-ing”,make的-ing形式为making,故选B。
答案:C
解析:由are可知主语为复数,leaf的复数形式为leaves,故选C。
答案:A
解析:回答“为什么种子不发芽”用because说明原因,故选A。
答案:B
解析:use...to make...为固定句型,to后接动词原形,故选B。
答案:A
解析:表示“梦想将会实现”用will + 动词原形come,故选A。
答案:B
解析:现在进行时的结构为“be动词 + 动词-ing”,water的-ing形式为watering,故选B。
答案:A
解析:由“能支撑花朵”可知茎是“细的”,thin(细的)、big(大的)、long(长的),结合文档描述“stem is thin”,故选A。
答案:A
解析:主语I是第一人称,miss用原形,故选A。
答案:B
解析:询问“花为什么不开”用Why,故选B。
答案:A
解析:everything作主语时谓语动词用第三人称单数形式is,故选A。
三、句型转换
答案:What are
解析:对“种植西红柿种子”这一动作提问用What,主语they是复数,be动词用are。
答案:Will;grow
解析:will引导的一般疑问句将will提前,后接动词原形grow。
答案:Yes;they are
解析:Are开头的一般疑问句,肯定回答为Yes, they are.
答案:What
解析:对“植物”这一原材料提问用What。
答案:is not
解析:现在进行时的否定形式在be动词后加not,主语he对应be动词is。
四、连词成句
答案:What are they doing in the field
解析:句型为“What are + 复数主语 + doing + 地点 ”,意为“他们在田里正在做什么?”。
答案:We use cotton to make clothes.
解析:句型为“主语 + use + 原材料 + to make + 成品”,意为“我们用棉花做衣服”。
答案:His dream will come true.
解析:句型为“主语 + will + 动词原形 + 其他”,意为“他的梦想将会实现”。
答案:The seeds are not growing.
解析:句型为“主语 + be动词 + not + 动词-ing形式”,意为“种子没有在发芽”。
答案:The sunflower leaves are green.
解析:语序为“定语 + 主语 + be动词 + 表语”,意为“向日葵的叶子是绿色的”。
五、完形填空
答案:A
解析:主语we是复数,use用原形,use...to make...为固定句型,故选A。
答案:A
解析:描述种植步骤用一般现在时,主语I是第一人称,put用原形,故选A。
答案:B
解析:由small和are可知用复数,leaf的复数为leaves,故选B。
答案:A
解析:由“像太阳一样”可知是“花”,flower(花)、root(根)、stem(茎),故选A。
答案:A
解析:make sb/sth do sth为固定用法,come用原形,come true意为“实现”,故选A。
六、阅读理解
答案:B
解析:由原文“Sam and his classmates want to make a small garden for their class.”可知,他们想做班级菜园,故选B。
答案:B
解析:由原文“Lucy has bean seeds.”可知,露西有豆子种子,故选B。
答案:A
解析:由原文“Your seeds can't grow. They are snacks, not real seeds!”可知,种子是零食,故选A。
答案:C
解析:由原文“He brings real sunflower seeds and plants them.”可知,萨姆后来种了向日葵种子,故选C。
答案:B
解析:故事核心是“植物需要真正的种子才能生长”,A错误,C未提及,故选B。
七、书面表达(参考范文)
How to Grow a Sunflower
Growing a sunflower is fun. First, I dig some earth in a pot. Then I put sunflower seeds in the earth. I water them every day. After a week, small leaves come out. They are green and cute. After a month, the stem grows tall and thin. The leaves get bigger and bigger. Soon, a yellow flower will open. It will look like the sun. I love my sunflower!
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