冀教版(2024)七年级下册Unit 4 My friends.词汇同步笔记

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名称 冀教版(2024)七年级下册Unit 4 My friends.词汇同步笔记
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更新时间 2026-01-30 00:00:00

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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
冀教版七下 Unit 4 My friends.词汇同步笔记
1. chalk /t k/ n. 粉笔
词形:不可数名词;表数量用a piece of chalk(一支粉笔)/some pieces of chalk
核心搭配:white chalk 白粉笔 | chalk mark 粉笔印记
基础例句:The teacher writes on the blackboard with chalk.
中考真题(完成句子):请给我一支粉笔,我要在黑板上写字。Please give me ______ ______ ______ chalk. I need to write on the blackboard.(答案:a piece of)
2. self /self/ n. (指一个人)自己;自我
词形:复数selves /selvz/;中考核心考点:反身代词转换
词性转换(中考必考):my→myself | your→yourself | his→himself | her→herself | our→ourselves | their→themselves
核心搭配:by oneself 独自 | teach oneself 自学
中考真题(单项选择):The little girl can dress ______ without her mother's help. ( )
A. her B. herself C. she(答案:B;考点:反身代词固定搭配)
3. interest / ntr st/ n. 兴趣;趣味;利益 v. 使感兴趣
词形:v.三单interests | 过去式interested
核心转换&辨析(中考必考):
interested adj.(人)感兴趣的 | interesting adj.(物)令人感兴趣的
核心搭配:take an interest in sth 对……感兴趣 | be interested in doing sth 感兴趣做某事
中考真题(适当形式填空):The book is very ______ (interest) and I want to read it again.(答案:interesting)
4. agree / ɡri / v. 同意;赞成;商定
词形:三单agrees | 过去式agreed;无被动语态
核心搭配(中考必考):
agree with sb 同意某人 | agree to do sth 同意做某事 | agree on sth 就某事达成一致
基础例句:We all agree to go for a picnic this weekend.
中考真题(完成句子):我的爸爸同意了我的旅行计划。My father ______ ______ my travel plan.(答案:agreed with)
5. care /ke (r)/ v. 关心;关注;担忧 n. 照顾;小心;忧虑
词形:v.三单cares | 过去式cared
词性转换(中考必考):
careful adj. 小心的 | carefully adv. 小心地 | careless adj. 粗心的
核心搭配:care about sb/sth 关心…… | take care of 照顾(=look after)| take care 小心
中考真题(适当形式填空):Please drive ______ (care) on the rainy day.(答案:carefully)
6. understand / nd st nd/ v. 理解;谅解
词形:三单understands | 过去式/过去分词understood(不规则变化,中考必考)
核心搭配:understand sb/sth 理解某人/某事 | understand the meaning 理解含义
中考真题(适当形式填空):I ______ (understand) what the teacher said just now.(答案:understood)
7. friendship / frend p/ n. 友谊;友好
词形:不可数名词;前可加形容词修饰(true/close friendship)
核心搭配:develop a friendship 建立友谊 | keep friendship 维持友谊
基础例句:True friendship is more important than money.
8. argument / ɑ ɡjum nt/ n. 争论;争吵
词形:可数名词,复数arguments
词性转换(中考必考):argue v. 争论;争吵 | argue with sb 与某人争吵
基础例句:They had an argument about the small thing yesterday.
中考真题(适当形式填空):Don't ______ (argument) with your parents. It's impolite.(答案:argue)
9. hit /h t/ v. (用手或器具)击,打
词形:三单hits | 过去式/过去分词hit(不规则变化,原形不变,中考必考)
核心搭配:hit sb on the head 打某人的头 | hit the ball 击球
中考真题(适当形式填空):He ______ (hit) the door with his hand angrily just now.(答案:hit)
10. decide /d sa d/ v. 决定;选定
词形:三单decides | 过去式decided
词性转换(中考必考):decision n. 决定 | make a decision 做决定
核心搭配:decide to do sth 决定做某事(中考超高频)
中考真题(完成句子):她决定明年去英国学习。She ______ ______ study in England next year.(答案:decided to)
11. bath /bɑ θ/ n. 洗浴;浴缸
词形:可数名词,复数baths
词性转换:bathe v. 洗澡 | bathroom n. 浴室
核心搭配:have a bath 洗澡 | take a bath 洗澡
基础例句:I usually have a bath before going to bed.
12. sudden / s dn/ adj. 突然的
词性转换(中考必考):suddenly adv. 突然地 | 同义all of a sudden(突然)
核心搭配:a sudden rain 一场突如其来的雨 | a sudden accident 突发事故
中考真题(适当形式填空):It ______ (sudden) began to rain when we were walking in the park.(答案:suddenly)
13. could /k d/ aux. 能够;可以
核心用法(中考情景交际/语法必考):
can的过去式,表过去的能力;2. 表委婉请求(比can更礼貌,用于现在时)
基础例句:He could swim when he was five. / Could you help me carry the box
中考真题(情景交际):你想礼貌地请别人开门,应说:______(答案:Could you open the door for me )
14. trouble / tr bl/ n. 困难;麻烦;问题 v. 使苦恼;使忧虑
词形:n.不可数;v.三单troubles | 过去式troubled
核心搭配(中考必考):have trouble (in) doing sth 做某事有困难 | get into trouble 陷入麻烦 | ask for trouble 自找麻烦
中考真题(完成句子):我学英语语法有困难。I ______ ______ ______ learning English grammar.(答案:have trouble in)
15. breathe /bri / v. 呼吸;呼出
词形:三单breathes | 过去式breathed
词性转换(中考必考):breath n. 呼吸 | take a deep breath 深呼吸
基础例句:We need to breathe fresh air every day.
中考真题(适当形式填空):She took a deep ______ (breathe) and began to speak.(答案:breath)
16. luckily / l k li/ adv. 幸运地
词性转换链(中考必考):luck n. 运气(不可数)→ lucky adj. 幸运的 → luckily adv. 幸运地
核心用法:放句首修饰整个句子,后加逗号
中考真题(适当形式填空):______ (luck), he caught the last bus home.(答案:Luckily)
17. save /se v/ v. 救;挽救;储蓄;保存
词形:三单saves | 过去式saved;多义动词,中考均考查
核心搭配:save one's life 救某人的命 | save money 存钱 | save files 保存文件 | save water 节约用水
中考真题(单项选择):The doctor tried his best to ______ the little boy's life. ( )
A. save B. keep C. make(答案:A)
18. flat /fl t/ adj. 平滑的;平坦的 n. 公寓(英式)
词形:adj.比较级flatter | 最高级flattest;n.可数,复数flats(美式apartment)
核心搭配:a flat road 平坦的路 | a small flat 一套小公寓
基础例句:The earth is not flat but round.
19. stone /st n/ n. 石头;石块
词形:可数名词,复数stones
核心搭配:a big stone 一块大石头 | a stone bridge 石桥 | throw a stone 扔石头
基础例句:He tripped over a stone and fell down.
20. someone / s mw n/ pron. 某人;有人
词形:复合不定代词,作主语谓语用单数;形容词后置(someone important)
用法辨析(中考必考):肯定句用someone;否定/疑问句用anyone
中考真题(单项选择):______ is waiting for you at the school gate. Go and have a look. ( )
A. Someone B. Anyone C. No one(答案:A)
21. hurtful / h tfl/ adj. 伤感情的;伤人的
词性转换:hurt v./adj. 伤害;受伤(过去式/过去分词hurt)
核心搭配:hurtful words 伤人的话 | a hurtful remark 伤感情的评论
基础例句:Don't say hurtful words to your friends.
22. wind /w nd/ n. 风;气流
词性转换(中考必考):windy adj. 有风的;多风的 | a windy day 刮风天
核心搭配:strong wind 大风 | light wind 微风 | the wind blows 刮风
中考真题(适当形式填空):It's ______ (wind) today. Don't go out to fly a kite.(答案:windy)
23. blow /bl / v. 吹;刮;破裂 n. 猛击;打击
词形:v.三单blows | 过去式blew | 过去分词blown(不规则,中考必考)
核心搭配:blow away 吹走 | blow out 吹灭(蜡烛)| blow hard 刮大风
中考真题(适当形式填空):The wind ______ (blow) strongly last night.(答案:blew)
24. erase / re z/ v. 清除;擦掉;抹去
词形:三单erases | 过去式erased
核心搭配:erase the words 擦掉字迹 | erase the chalk marks 擦掉粉笔印 | erase memory 抹去记忆
基础例句:Please erase the wrong answers on the paper.
25. terrible / ter bl/ adj. 可怕的;非常严重的;糟糕的
词性转换(中考必考):terribly adv. 非常;糟糕地
核心搭配:a terrible accident 可怕的事故 | have a terrible cold 重感冒 | terrible weather 糟糕的天气
中考真题(适当形式填空):I am ______ (terrible) sorry for being late.(答案:terribly)
26. happen / h p n/ v. (尤指偶然)发生;碰巧
词形:三单happens | 过去式happened
核心考点(中考必考):无被动语态;搭配happen to sb/sth 某人/某物发生某事
基础例句:What happened to you yesterday
中考真题(单项选择):What ______ to your bike It's broken. ( )
A. was happened B. happened C. happens(答案:B)
27. lose /lu z/ v. 失去;遗失;输掉
词形:三单loses | 过去式/过去分词lost(不规则,中考必考)
核心搭配(中考超高频):lose one's way 迷路 | lose weight 减肥 | lose the match 输掉比赛
中考真题(完成句子):他在森林里迷路了,最后警察救了他。He ______ ______ ______ in the forest and the police saved him at last.(答案:lost his way)
28. donate /d ne t/ v. 捐赠;赠送;捐献
词形:三单donates | 过去式donated
词性转换:donation n. 捐赠(物)
核心搭配:donate sth to sb/sp 向某人/某地捐赠某物
中考真题(完成句子):他把他的书捐赠给了乡村学校。He ______ his books ______ the village school.(答案:donated; to)
29. lucky / l ki/ adj. 幸运的;有好运的
词形:比较级luckier | 最高级luckiest
核心搭配:be lucky to do sth 幸运做某事 | a lucky day 幸运的一天
中考真题(单项选择):You are so ______ to win the first prize in the competition. ( )
A. luck B. lucky C. luckily(答案:B)
30. raise /re z/ v. 筹募;提升;养育;举起
词形:三单raises | 过去式raised;多义动词,中考均考查
核心搭配:raise money 筹钱 | raise one's hand 举手 | raise a child 养育孩子 | raise the flag 升旗
中考真题(完成句子):我们为贫困儿童筹了很多钱。We ______ a lot of money for poor children.(答案:raised)
31. change /t e nd / v. 变化;改变;交换 n. 变化;替代;零钱
词形:v.三单changes | 过去式changed;n.可数/不可数(零钱不可数)
核心搭配:change one's mind 改变主意 | a great change 巨大的变化 | change money 换零钱
中考真题(单项选择):Great ______ have taken place in our hometown in the past 10 years. ( )
A. change B. changes C. changed(答案:B)
32. shy / a / adj. 羞怯的;胆小的;腼腆的
词形:比较级shyer/shier | 最高级shyest/shiest
核心搭配:be shy of doing sth 羞于做某事 | a shy girl 一个腼腆的女孩
基础例句:The little girl is shy to speak in public.
33. once /w ns/ adv. 曾经;一次 conj. 一旦;一……就
核心用法(中考双考点):
adv.:once a week 一周一次(频度)| once upon a time 从前(故事开头);
conj.:引导条件状语从句,主将从现
中考真题(单项选择):______ you start, you must keep going. ( )
A. Once B. If C. As(答案:A)
34. lonely / l nli/ adj. 孤独的;偏僻的
词形:比较级lonelier | 最高级loneliest
易混辨析(中考必考):
lonely adj. 孤独的(情感上);偏僻的 | alone adj./adv. 独自的/地(客观状态,无情感)
中考真题(单项选择):He lives ______, but he doesn't feel ______. ( )
A. alone; lonely B. lonely; alone C. alone; alone(答案:A)
35. develop /d vel p/ v. 发展;开发;研制;培养
词形:三单develops | 过去式developed
词性转换(中考必考):development n. 发展 | developed adj. 发达的 | developing adj. 发展中的
核心搭配:develop a habit 培养习惯 | develop the economy 发展经济
中考真题(适当形式填空):China is a ______ (develop) country with a long history.(答案:developing)
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