《创新课堂》 Unit 4 Natural disasters Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures 课件 高中同步英语必修第一册（人教版）

(共53张PPT)
Section Ⅲ　
Discovering Useful Structures
目 录
01
重难语法·要攻克
02
随堂检测·要过关
03
知识要点·须拾遗
04
课时检测·提能力
重难语法·要攻克
限制性定语从句（1）
　　The people of Tangshan suffered a lot from the Tangshan
earthquake.But they are the people who① are full of courage and
determination.Soon after the earthquake， they rebuilt the houses which②
were completely destroyed and repaired the schools whose③ classrooms
were greatly damaged.Soon， the students whom④ we once worried
about were sitting in the new classrooms again.The roads that⑤ were
damaged were also under repair.Now a new Tangshan witnessing the
strength and unity of its people is standing on the earthquake ruins.
①who引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词people，并在句中作主语；
②which引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词houses，并在句中作主语；
③whose引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词schools，并在句中作
定语；
④whom引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词students，并在句中作
宾语；
⑤that引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词roads，并在句中作主语。
——运用“形式—意义—使用”三维动态语法观
1. 限制性定语从句的关系代词
【先感悟】
①（教材典句）There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls.
②（教材典句）Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or
injured.
③（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷）I will be adding more herbs which I can use in the
kitchen.
④（教材典句）Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had
been destroyed.
⑤（教材典句）Soon after the quakes， the army sent 150，000 soldiers
to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
【会发现】
以上定语从句由关系代词that、 who、 which、 whose引导，修饰
，置于被修饰词的后面。
关系代词which、 that、 who在定语从句中可以作 ；关
系代词whose在定语从句中作 。
名
词或代词　
主语或宾语　
定语　
【善归纳】
①that引导的定语从句，that既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作主
语或宾语，作宾语时可以省略。习惯上指人多用who/whom替代，指
物多用which替代。
②who引导的定语从句，who指人，在定语从句中可以充当主语、宾
语，作宾语时可省略。whom引导的定语从句，whom指人，在定语从
句中作宾语，可省略，也可用who代替。
③which引导的定语从句，which指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语，
作宾语时可省略。
④whose引导的定语从句，whose既可以指人，也可以指物，表示所属
关系，whose在定语从句中作定语。
【注意事项】
①关系代词作宾语通常可以省略。
He will never forget the disaster （which/that） he experienced.
他永远不会忘记他所经历的那场灾难。
②关系代词whom常可用who/that来代替，但如果在介词后则不能
代替。
The survivor who/that/whom we rescued from the flood was very
thankful.
我们从洪水中救出的幸存者非常感激。
The young man to whom you spoke just now is my brother.
刚才和你说话的那个年轻人是我哥哥。
【运用练】　用适当的关系代词填空
①The rescue workers were burying the dead animals felt
very shocked.
②The bricks we dug out will be reused when we build a
house.
③There are many people with you can share your feelings.
④The children had been trapped in the house have been
rescued.
⑤Any student family is too poor to go to school can get help
from the government.
who/that　
that/which　
whom　
who/that　
whose　
2. 关系代词只能用that而不能用which的情况
【先感悟】
①The only thing that I could do is to study for my goal.
②This is the most delicious food that I have ever had.
③Have you taken down everything that Mr Li said？
④All the efforts that I made to improve my English paid off.
⑤The first thing that should be done is to call the police at once.
⑥We often talk about the persons and things that we remember.
【会发现】
句①中先行词被 修饰，定语从句用that引导。　
句②⑤中先行词被 和 修饰，定语从句用
that引导。
句③④中先行词是 或者被不定代词修饰，定语从句用
that引导。
句⑥中先行词 ，定语从句用that引导。
The only　
形容词最高级　
序数词　
不定代词　
既有人又有物　
【善归纳】
①当先行词为all、everything、nothing、anything、little、much等不定
代词或先行词被这些词修饰时。
②当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或先行词被序数词或形容词最高
级修饰时。
③当先行词被the only、the very、the last修饰时。
④当先行词既指人、又指物时。
⑤当主语是以who或which开头的疑问句时，为避免重复而用that。
⑥当先行词在定语从句中作表语时。
【注意事项】
①当先行词是指人的one、 ones、 those、 anyone、 he、 they时，定语
从句多用who引导。
He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man.
不到长城非好汉。
Those who make every effort to succeed will be repaid.
那些为成功而努力的人将会得到回报。
②关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词要和先行词
的数保持一致。
Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.
任何违法的人都应该受到惩罚。
The soldiers who are fighting for our country are worth our respect.
为祖国而战的士兵值得我们尊敬。
Those who keep a balanced diet are often in good health.
那些保持均衡饮食的人往往身体健康。
③如果先行词是“one of＋复数名词”，且关系代词在定语从句中作
主语时，定语从句的谓语动词要用复数形式；如果先行词是“the only
one of＋复数名词”，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。
He is the only one of the survivors who was rescued from the tsunami.
他是唯一一个从海啸中获救的幸存者。
He is one of the survivors who were rescued from the tsunami.
他是从海啸中获救的幸存者之一。
④关系代词在从句中作成分，因此从句中不能再出现成分重复现象。
[误]The film （that/which） we saw it last night was very frightening.
[正]The film （that/which） we saw last night was very frightening.
【运用练】　
①This is the most shocking news I have heard of.
②This is the only shelter I have found in the open air.
③All he wanted was to rescue his daughter from the burning
house.
④The hunter and his dog got injured in the volcanic eruption
suffered a lot.
⑤When a fire breaks out， the first thing you should do is to cut
off electricity.
that　
that　
that　
that　
that　
随堂检测·要过关
Ⅰ.用定语从句合并句子
1. I live next door to a couple.The couple’s children often make a lot of
noise.
→

I live next door to a couple whose children often make a lot of
noise.　
2. The old temple is being rebuilt.The temple’s roof was damaged in a
rainstorm.
→

3. The CCTV reporter is interviewing a lady.The lady survived the flood.
→

The old temple whose roof was damaged in a rainstorm is being
rebuilt.　
The CCTV reporter is interviewing a lady who/that survived the
flood.　
4. The female volunteer will remember the soldier.The female volunteer
worked with the soldier during the earthquake.
→

5. The woman was affected with a serious disease.The woman was
breathing with difficulty.
→

The female volunteer will remember the soldier whom she worked
with during the earthquake.　
The woman who was breathing with difficulty was affected with a
serious disease.　
Ⅱ.语法与写作
1. （2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）I was the only winner
.
我是唯一一个母语不是英语的获奖者。
2. （2024·新课标Ⅰ卷）No editor is likely to tolerate a writer
to spell words correctly.
没有哪个编辑会容忍一个不愿花心思拼写正确单词的作家。
whose native language
wasn’t English　
who/that
does not take the trouble　
3. （2024·新课标Ⅰ卷）After a heated discussion
， Gunter put his phone down and started the
car.
激烈的讨论似乎持续了一个世纪，冈特放下手机，启动了汽车。
4. （2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）Those will
be refused permission to participate.
着装不得体者将被拒绝参加。
which/that lasted for
what seemed like a century　
who are dressed inappropriately　
知识要点·须拾遗
1. supply n.供应（量）；补给；[pl.] 补给品 vt.供应；供给
教材原句　The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were
collected from around the country.向灾区提供的补给品是从全国各地收
集来的。
【用法】
（1）a good/large supply of　大量的/充足的供应
in short supply　　供应不足
　　把某物提供给某人/某物
【佳句】　It is believed that there is a good supply of fresh water.
人们一般认为淡水供应很充足。
【联想】　表示“为某人提供某物”的其他短语：
provide sb with sth＝provide sth for sb
offer sb sth＝offer sth to sb
【练透】　单句语法填空
①The natural resources， such as coal and oil， are short supply
in this country.
②At the beginning of the term， students （supply）
with all kinds of books to read.
in　
are supplied　
【写美】　一句多译
③在可怕的地震之后，我们给无家可归的人提供了食物和衣服。
→After the terrible earthquake， we
.
→After the terrible earthquake， we
.
supplied food and clothes to the
homeless　
supplied the homeless with food
and clothes　
2. power n.电力供应；能量；力量；控制力
教材原句　Go to an open space away from buildings， trees， or power
lines.
走到远离建筑物、树木或电线的开阔地带。
【用法】
（1）have the power to do sth有能力做某事
come to power　　上台；执政
be in power 　　执政；掌权
beyond one’s power　　超出某人的能力
（2）powerful adj.　　强有力的；有影响力的
powerless adj.　　无力的，无权力的
【佳句】　Being a powerful person， he has the power to deal with all
kinds of problems.
作为一个有影响力的人，他有能力处理各种各样的问题。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①He has been power for two years since he came to this power
plant.
②I’m sorry， I have no power （deal） with your personal
problems.
in　
to deal　
【写美】　完成句子
③As your closest friend， I will do everything
.
作为你最亲密的朋友，我会在权限范围内帮助你。
within my power to help
you　
课时检测·提能力
Ⅰ.用适当的关系词填空
1. She was grateful for everything others had done for her.
2. We chose to buy the house window faces south.
3. There are a total of 1，000 workers in this company， two thirds
of are women.
4. The champion talked a lot about things and people made him
successful.
5. It is the most complete city wall has survived China’s long
history.
that　
whose　
whom　
that　
that　
6. The students who join in after-school activities are happier than
those do not.
7. The problems we meet in our daily lives are not
always easy to solve.
8. The old man son is in the navy used to be a carpenter.
9. He holds that belief that he laughs last laughs best.
10. The research has found people keep fit are more likely
to have better memories.
who　
（which/that）　
whose　
who　
who/that　
Ⅱ.用适当的关系词完成下面短文
　　Do you know the man 1. wrote this book？ He was
Jason， one of the engineers 2. came from Russia in the
1950s.He worked in the same factory where my father once
worked.When he came to China， the first thing 3. he did was to
visit the factory 4. did research on trolleybuses （无轨电
车） and he found out the reason why China was so backward in it.Then
he spent every minute 5. he could spare to help China
develop transportation.As is mentioned above， Jason was a foreigner
6. made great contributions to our country and he was also a
kind man to 7. we should say thanks.
who/that　
who/that　
that　
which/that　
（that）　
who/that　
whom　
Ⅰ.完形填空
　　（2025·鄂东南联盟高一上期中）On 20 December， in Newdale，
a series of huge waves caused by an undersea earthquake raced across the
ocean near Goldshore.Worse still， it 　1　 thousands dead.Goldshore
Beach was the only local beach to 　2　 the disaster without any loss of
life.A 10-year-old girl， Sabrina Andron， helped around 100 people
escape danger with her 　3　 of tsunamis.
　　The day began like any other on Goldshore Beach.People were
walking， running or simply sitting on the sandy beach， 　4　 the warm
sea air and enjoying the soft 　5　 that brushed their hair.Sabrina was one
of the happy tourists until she noticed something 　6　.“The water was
like the bubbles （气泡） on the top of a beer，” she later
explained.“It wasn’t 　7　 and it wasn’t going in and then out.It was
just coming in and in and in.” It struck her that these were the 　8　 of
an upcoming tsunami， which Sabrina had just learnt about in a
Geography lesson.
　　Sabrina was 　9　， but she soon kept her head.She warned her
parents of the 　10　， though at first they just thought she
was 　11　.However， Sabrina was certain that a terrible disaster
was 　12　 and kept asking her parents to talk to a safety officer.To her
great relief （如释重负）， the officer 　13　 realized the coming
danger.The beach was rapidly 　14　 of people， just before the huge
waves 　15　 into the coast.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个小女孩Sabrina
Andron用自己的海啸知识帮助100多人逃离危险的故事。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个小女孩Sabrina
Andron用自己的海啸知识帮助100多人逃离危险的故事。
1. A. left B. brought C. affected D. led
解析： 根据常识以及空后的thousands dead可知，地震带来的海啸
造成了数千人死亡。
2. A. recognize B. survive
C. challenge D. quit
解析： 　根据空后的without any loss of life可知，金海岸海滩是在这
场灾难中唯一没有造成人员死亡的地方。
√
√
3. A. knowledge B. impression
C. wisdom D. detail
解析： 　根据下文可知，Sabrina Andron用自己所学知识帮助100多
人逃离海啸的危险。
4. A. making up B. taking in
C. focusing on D. checking out
解析： 　根据空后的the warm sea air可知，人们在沙滩上呼吸着温暖
的海风。
√
√
5. A. wind B. sunshine C. air D. wave
解析： 　根据空后的that brushed their hair可知，沙滩上轻柔的微风
拂过头发。
6. A. unique B. powerful
C. strange D. attractive
解析： 　根据下句中的The water was like the bubbles （气泡） on the
top of a beer可知，Sabrina在海滩上注意到一些奇怪的事情。
√
√
7. A. narrow B. adventurous
C. distant D. calm
解析： 　根据空后的and it wasn’t going in and then out.It was just
coming in and in and in.可知，海水并不平静。
8. A. signs B. damages
C. effects D. results
解析： 　根据句中的定语从句which Sabrina had just learnt
about in a Geography lesson可知，Sabrina意识到奇怪的事情是海
啸即将到来的迹象。
√
√
9. A. embarrassed B. confused
C. annoyed D. frightened
解析： 　根据后半句but she soon kept her head可知，Sabrina见到海
啸很害怕。
10. A. stress B. development
C. danger D. credit
解析： 　根据下句中的Sabrina was certain that a terrible disaster was可
知，Sabrina警告父母海啸来临的危险。
√
√
11. A. cheating B. debating
C. helping D. joking
解析： 　根据上文She warned her parents of the 　10　可知，父母以
为Sabrina是开玩笑。
12. A. under control B. on hand
C. on its way D. on schedule
解析： 　根据上下文可知，Sabrina确信海啸即将来临。on one’s
way意为“在途中”。
√
√
13. A. actually B. anxiously
C. immediately D. curiously
解析： 　根据空后的realized the coming danger可知，安全官员立刻
意识到海啸即将来临的危险。
14. A. informed B. warned
C. reminded D. cleared
解析： 　根据上文和常识可知，海啸即将来临，海滩上很快就没有
人了。
√
√
15. A. jumped B. crashed
C. divided D. tapped
解析： 　根据空前的the huge waves可知，因为是海啸，所以是巨浪
撞击海岸。
√
Ⅱ.语法填空
　　（2025·蚌埠高一上阶段练习）The China International Search and
Rescue Team （CISAR） 16. 　　　　　　 （form） in 2001 and is
now made up of several hundred rescue workers and about 20 sniffer
dogs.The team brings help and hope to those 17. 　　　　　　 lives are
changed by a storm， food， earthquake， or any other natural disaster.
　　After long and careful 18. 　　　　　　 （train）， the team went
on its first international rescue missions in 2003.That year the Chinese
team helped save lives after earthquakes in Algeria and Iran.It was the first
time that a Chinese team had worked 19. 　　　　　　 China and the
team won high praise for their bravery and skill.Since then， the CISAR
20. 　　　　　　 （complete） many tasks.The list of people to whom
help has been given is long.The team treated more than 3，000 people
21. 　　　　　　 （injure） in the 2006 earthquake in Indonesia and
spent 3 months 22. 　　　　　　 （give） aid to over 25，000 victims
of the 2010 floods in Pakistan.
　　Rescue workers are trained to find people， treat injuries， and hand
out food， water， and other supplies.They have to be able to do work
that is 23. 　　　　　　 （difficulty） under conditions which can be
dangerous.Even they bury 24. 　　　　　 dead.That means they must
have big hearts， too.25. 　　　　　　 takes a lot of love and courage to
risk one’s own life to save someone else’s.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国国际搜寻救援
队的一些情况。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国国际搜寻救援
队的一些情况。
16. was formed　考查时态和语态。主语与动词form之间为被动关
系，且由in 2001可知，应用一般过去时；主语为第三人称单数形式。
故填was formed。
17. whose　考查定语从句。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是
those，从句中缺少定语，应用关系代词。故填whose。
18. training　考查名词。形容词long and careful用来修饰名词。故填
training。
19. outside　考查介词。根据上句可知，这是中国搜救队第一次在中
国以外的地方进行救援活动。故填outside。
20. has completed　考查时态。the CISAR与complete之间为主动关
系，再由Since then可知，应用现在完成时；主语为第三人称单数。故
填has completed。
21. injured　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用非谓语
形式，3，000 people与动词injure之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作后
置定语。故填injured。
22. giving　考查非谓语动词。固定结构spend time （in） doing sth意
为“花时间做某事”。故填giving。
23. difficult　考查形容词。设空处在句中作表语，应用形容词。故填
difficult。
24. the　考查冠词。“the＋形容词”表示一类人，the dead表示“死
者”。故填the。
25. It　考查代词。此空应用it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面动词不
定式 to risk one’s own life to save someone else’s；置于句首，首字
母大写。故填It。