【弯道超车】Unit 1 Asia 核心语法之现在完成时的被动语态-2026年春牛津译林版九年级英语下册精讲精练 (含答案解析)

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名称 【弯道超车】Unit 1 Asia 核心语法之现在完成时的被动语态-2026年春牛津译林版九年级英语下册精讲精练 (含答案解析)
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/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
2026年春牛津译林版九年级英语下册核心语法精讲精练
Unit 1 Asia
核心语法:现在完成时的被动语态
一、核心概念
1. 现在完成时回顾
表示动作发生在过去,但与现在有联系:
动作已完成,强调对现在的影响
动作从过去持续到现在
2. 现在完成时的被动语态
表示已经完成的被动动作,且该动作对现在有影响或结果。
二、结构公式
1、基本结构:
have/has + been + 过去分词 (p.p.)
2、具体构成:
主语人称 助动词 结构 例句
I/We/You/They have have been + p.p. The books have been returned.
He/She/It has has been + p.p. The problem has been solved.
3、否定形式:
have/has + not + been + 过去分词
例:The work has not been finished yet.
缩写:haven't, hasn't
4、疑问形式:
Have/Has + 主语 + been + 过去分词 +
例:Has the report been written
三、使用情景
1. 动作已完成,强调现在的结果或影响
The window has been broken.(窗户被打破了→现在还是破的)
All the tickets have been sold out.(票已售完→现在买不到了)
2. 动作发生在过去,持续到现在(常与for, since连用)
This house has been lived in for 50 years.(这房子已经被住了50年)
The machine has been used since 2010.(这台机器从2010年就开始使用)
3. 动作发生在不确定的过去
My car has been repaired.(我的车修好了→不知何时修的)
The letter has been sent.(信已寄出→不知何时寄的)
4. 表示经历(常与ever, never, already连用)
The Great Wall has been visited by millions of people.
This problem has never been discussed before.
四、时间状语特征
常用时间状语:
1、already, yet, just
The homework has already been finished.
Has the letter been sent yet
The room has just been cleaned.
2、ever, never
Has this film ever been shown here
This book has never been translated into English.
3、for + 时间段, since + 时间点
The museum has been closed for two weeks.
This bridge has been used since 1998.
4、recently, lately, so far, up to now
Many trees have been planted recently.
So far, no decision has been made.
五、句法转换
主动变被动三步法:
找宾语:主动句的宾语 → 被动句的主语
变谓语:have/has + p.p. → have/has been + p.p.
加by短语:动作执行者前加by(常省略)
转换对比表:
时态 主动语态 被动语态
现在完成时 We have finished the work. The work has been finished.
They have built a new bridge. A new bridge has been built.
Have you cleaned the room Has the room been cleaned
六、特殊句型处理
1. 含情态动词的现在完成时被动
情态动词 + have been + 过去分词
这种结构较少见,多用于推测:
The door might have been locked.
He must have been told the news.
2. 双宾语动词的被动语态
主动:Someone has given me a gift.
被动1:I have been given a gift.
被动2:A gift has been given to me.
3. 短语动词的被动语态
保持短语完整性
主动:They have turned off the light.
被动:The light has been turned off.
主动:We have taken good care of the children.
被动:The children have been taken good care of.
七、常见错误提醒
1、been遗漏
The work has done.
The work has been done.
2、have/has用错
He have been invited to the party.
He has been invited to the party.
3、时间状语矛盾
The building has been built last year.(last year是过去时间)
The building was built last year.
4、不规则动词错误
The letter has been wrote.
The letter has been written.
1.—Have you ever been to Jiuzhaigou Valley
—Yes. It's a very fantastic place. And it ________ as World Natural Heritage.
A.lists B.has listed
C.has been listed D.is listed
2.一_______ the sports meeting might be put off(推迟).
一Yes, it all depends on the weather.
A.I told B. I've told
C.I've been told D.I'm told
3.The Chinese Spring Festival has been ________ on the list of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
A.included B.praised C.improved D.provided
4.The train _____ because of an accident; many passengers are now waiting anxiously at the railway station.
A.has been delayed B.delayed
C.has delayed D.had been delayed
5. —Tony as well as his classmates ____ going to the concert this weekend.
—But more than 80 percent of the tickets ____ sold out.
A.is; have been B.are; have been
C.is; has been D.will be; have
6.GPS has finding out our position and studying the shape of the earth.
A.used to B.be used to C.been used to D.been used for
7.The public places, such as restaurants and cinemas, ________ since COVID-19 swept the city again last month.
A.have been closed B.have closed C.closed
8.The Shanghai Disneyland Plan by the city government. It will be the first Disneyland Amusement Park in mainland China.
A.passed B.has passed
C.has been passed D.were passed
9.5G cell phones in most cities in China since two years ago.
A.have provided B.were providing
C.were provided D.have been provided
10.Since Jan 1, 2016, married couples _____ to have two children.
A.have allowed B.have been allowed
C.allowed D.were allowed
11.—______ the sports meeting might be put off.
—Yes, it all depends on the weather.
A.I've been told B.I've told
C.I'm told D.I told
12. —In recent years, smart city technologies such as online maps, Al and Internet of things, ____ in many places in China.
—Yes. Our city life is becoming smarter and easier.
A.used B.were used
C.have used D.have been used
13. —The pupils ____ useful advice during the past two years.
—It's lucky to have good teachers with them.
A.gave B.were given
C.have given D.have been given
14.In some cities, something _______ to stop the sale of live poultry(活禽)during the past weeks.
A.will do B.have done C.has been done D.will be done
15. — Look! Jiefang Boulevard is so beautiful at this time of the year.
— Exactly. Lots of trees and flowers on both sides of the road ____ since last year.
A.planted B.were planted
C.have been planted D.have planted
16.Since she won the match, she ________ as one of the best tennis players in the world.
A.is recognized B.was recognized
C.has been recognized D.will be recognized
17.——Have you bought the best-sell book in the store near our school
——Yes, I _____ it three days ago,but I hear that they ________
A.have bought, sell out B.bought, have been sold out
C.bought, have sold out D.have had, have been sold out
18. Since Jan 1,2016, married couples ____to have two children.
A.have allowed B.have been allowed C.allowed
19.—Has anyone taught him how to do it
—Sure. Plenty of advice_______, but he hasn't made a decision.
A.gave B.have been given C.has been given
20. I really hope it will be sunny this weekend because our sports meeting ____ twice.
A.will put off B.is putting off
C.has been put off D.has put off
21.—What's new on Weibo
—An AI system. It ________ to help missing children in the past few years.
A.was used B.is used C.will be used D.has been used
22.Mo Yan's novel Frogs ________ into many languages since it came out in 2009.
A.was translated B.has translated
C.has been translated D.translated
23. —The machine is working again!
—Yes, it broke down yesterday, but it ____.
A.has been fixed B.is being fixed
C.had been fixed D.would be fixed
24.Recently a new community library _______ and will be open to the public soon.
A.is built B.was built C.has been built D.will be built
25.3D printing (打印) technology ______ in people's daily life these days.
A.has used B.used C.has been used D.was used
26.Since two years ago, all kinds of after—school services __________for students in our school.
A.has provided B.is providing C.has been provided
27.So far, most of the things ____ by the workers. They will finish all of them soon.
A.have done B.have been done
C.did D.was done
28.Some of the swamps have become ________.
A.polluting B.to pollute C.pollute D.polluted
29.Two wide roads ___in that small mountain village in the past two years.
A.were built B.are built
C.have been built D.had been built
30.So far, most of the work by others, it's your turn to do the rest of it.
A.finished B.has finished
C.has been finished D.is finished
31.Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge ______ already. However, we don't know what time it will be open to traffic.
A.is built B.was built C.will be built D.has been built
32.Flowers along the road in the last few years.
A.plant B.planted
C.have been planted D.were planted
33.—Can you sing this English song
—Of course. It ____ many times on the radio.
A.has been taught B.has taught C.is taught
34.More patients ______ in the hospital this year than last year.
A.treated B.have treated
C.had been treated D.have been treated
35.— Dad, may I go out with my friends
— Unless your homework .
A.has been finished B.has finished
C.finishes D.will finish
36. —It is reported that International search and rescue (救援) teams have rushed to Turkey to help for the huge earthquakes.
—An 82-member China Search and Rescue Team ____ there as well.
A.sends B.was sent
C.has been sent D.has sent
37.All he preparations for the task _______, and we are ready to start.
A.completed B.to be completed
C.are to complete D.have been completed
38.—The public places,such as restaurants and cinemas, ____ because of COVID—19 from then on.
—I'm sorry to hear that.
A.have been closed B.have closed C.closed
39.So far, most of the work _______ by others, it's your turn to do the rest of it.
A.has finished B.finished
C.has been finished D.is finished
40.In the past few years thousands of films all over the world.
A.have produced B.have been produced
C.are producing D.are being produced
41.—Have you ever been by others on April lst
—Yes, I have.
A.fool B.fools C.fooled D.foolled
42.This is one of my favorite TV dramas that __________ this year.
A.has been shown B.have been shown C.have shown
43. -- Lily, will you go to Jenny's birthday party this Saturday
-- I'm not sure. Because I so far.
A.have invited B.wasn't invited
C.haven't been invited D.will be invited
44. Mr. Brown ____ take the medicine twice a day.
A.has told B.has been told to
C.has been told D.has be told to
45.The new dictionaries are very useful. They _______ well and _______ already.
A.sell; have been sold out B.sold; had sold out
C.sell; sell out D.are sold; have been sold out
46.— Is there a library in Gaochun
— Yes, a new library _______ and is now open to the public.
A.will be built B.was built C.has been built D.is built
47. All the difficulties of the work ____already.We can move to the next step.
A.will be overcome B.have been overcome C.were overcome
48.Miss White said she ____ some beautiful coats in the shop.
A.had been show B.has been shown
C.had been shown to D.had been shown
49.He has been deeply by his father.
A.influenced B.influence C.affect D.effect
50.A number of new functions ________ to the computer since it was first invented in 1946.
A.have added B.were added
C.have been adding D.have been added
参考答案及试题解析
1.C
2.C
【解析】由the sports meeting might be put off(推迟)运动会将被推迟可知这个消息我是被告知的,故用被动语态.句意:我已经被告诉运动会可能被推迟—-是的,它都是取决于天气。结合语境可知选C。用完成时的被动语态。
【点评】考查动词的时态。
3.A
【解析】句意:中国春节已被列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。included包括,列入;praised赞扬;improved改善;provided提供。根据"The Chinese Spring Festival has been…on the list of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity."的语境并结合选项可知,此处指中国春节已被列入人类非物质文化遗产名录,A项符合。故选A。
【点评】考查动词辨析。此题的关键必须理解题干的基本含义,尤其是解释部分,然后根据选项的提示选择正确答案。
4.A
【解析】句意:因为一起事故,火车晚点了。许多乘客现在正在火车站焦急地等待着。根据后半句are now waiting可知火车晚点是已经发生的事情,故用现在完成时,delay推迟;延期,与主语构成被动关系,故选A。
【点评】现在完成时的被动语态。
5.A
【解析】句意:——托尼和他的同学们这个周末要去听音乐会。——但是超过80%的门票已经售完。根据时间状语this weekend,可知要用一般将来时:be going to+动词原形或will+动词原形,主语后面由as well as引出短语时,遵循就远原则,与Tom在人称和数上一致,be动词要用is;由but和sell out可知超过80%的门票已经售完。过去的动作对现在产生的结果,用现在完成时,tickets与sell out是被动关系,用现在完成时的被动语态has/have been+过去分词,主语more than 80 percent of the tickets ,复数,助动词用have,故选A。
【点评】考查一般将来时和现在完成时的被动语态的用法和构成。根据时间状语和句子结构及主语和动词的关系,确定时态和语态,同时注意主谓一致。
6.D
【解析】句意:GPS已经被用于找到我们的位置,研究地球的形状。be used for doing……用来……。故选D。
【点评】考查固定搭配,现在完成时的被动语态。
7.A
【解析】句意:自上个月2019冠状病毒疾病再次席卷该市以来,餐馆和电影院等公共场所已经关闭。A.已经被关闭,现在完成时的被动语态;B.已经关闭,现在完成时;C.关闭,一般过去时。since引导的时间状语从句,从句用一般过去时,主句用现在完成时,排除C。close关闭,实义动词,主语places是动作close的承受者,时态是现在完成时,所以用现在完成时的被动语态,结构是have/has+动词过去分词,主语places是复数,所以用have,close的过去分词是closed,故选A。
【点评】考查现在完成时的被动语态,首先识记since引导的时间状语从句,然后根据主语和谓语关系确定语态。
8.C
【解析】句意:上海迪斯尼乐园计划已经由市政府通过了。它将是中国大陆第一个迪斯尼乐园。根据句意及题干分析此题考查被动语态。由句意可知此处应用被动语态,又由于主语The Shanghai Disneyland Plan 是单数,故选C。
9.D
【解析】句意: 两年前,中国大部分城市开始提供5G手机。provide提供,动词;since+过去时间和现在完成时连用,此处5G cell phones 的provide的动作承受者,所以此处是现在完成时的被动语态,用have/has been done结构,故选D。
【点评】考查现在完成时的被动语态,注意根据语境选择正确的时态和语态。
10.B
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:自从2016年1月1日,结婚的夫妇被允许生两个孩子。被动语态结构be+过去分词,现在完成时态的结构have/has+过去分词,since自从—,用于现在完成时态,结婚夫妇被允许生两个孩子,所以应用被动语态。A. have allowed 是现在完成时态但不是被动语态;C. allowed 是过去时态; D. were allowed是过去时态的被动语态; B. have been allowed是现在完成时态的被动语态。故选B。
【点评】此题考查现在完成时的被动语态。熟记各个时态被动语态的构成。
11.A
【解析】—我已被告知运动会可能要延迟。—是的,它全凭天气。根据句意可知是已经被告知,故应使用完成时态根据下文可知为现在完成时态,被动语态。故选A。
【点评】考查完成时态中的被动语态:have been done。
12.D
【解析】句意:——近年来,在线地图、人工智能和物联网等智慧城市技术在中国的许多地方都得到了应用。——是的。我们的城市生活正变得更加智能和方便。A过去时,B一般过去时被动语态,C现在完成时,D在完成时的被动语态,根据In recent years,可知是现在完成时,主语是smart city technologies,与谓语动词use之间存在被动关系,因此设空处填现在完成时的被动语态。故选D。
【点评】考查动词的时态和语态。注意识记在完成时的被动语态的用法。
13.D
【解析】句意:——在过去的两年里,学生们得到了有益的建议。——有好老师和他们在一起真是幸运。A.给,一般过去时;B.被给,一般过去时的被动语态;C.已经给,现在完成时;D.已经被给,现在完成时的被动语态。during the past two years表明时态是现在完成时,排除A、B;主语pupils是动作give的承受者,所以用现在完成时的被动语态,结构是have/has been+动词过去分词,主语pupils是复数,所以用have,give的过去分词是given,故选D。
【点评】考查现在完成时的被动语态,首先理解选项区别,然后识记现在完成时的标志词和根据主语和谓语关系确定语态。
14.C
【解析】句意:在一些城市,在过去的一周中已经采取了一些措施在阻止活禽销售了。结合语境可知本句描述的是现在已经完成的动作,主语是动作对象,故用被动语态,选C。
【点评】英语中的时态主要是借助于时间状语与上下文语境来进行判断。解答此类题型,首先要注意句子中的时间状语,如果没有则要通过分析上下文,结合语境来判断句子的时态。语态的判断主要是确定句子主语与谓语动词的关系。如果是主动关系则用主动语态,反之如果是动宾关系,则用被动语态,尤其要注意一些特殊动词的用法。
15.C
【解析】句意:——你看!解放大道这个时节多美啊。——没错。从去年开始,路两边就种了很多树和花。A过去时,B一般过去时被动语态,C现在完成时被动语态,D现在完成时,since是现在完成时标志,动词和主语flowers是被动关系,表示被种植,故用现在完成时被动语态,故选C。
【点评】考查时态,语态,注意识记现在完成时被动语态的用法。
16.C
17.B
【解析】句意:—你购买了我们学校附近那家书店里的畅销书了吗?—对,我3天之前买的,但我听说他们已经卖空了。从时间状语three days ago可以看出这里应该用一般过去时;第二个分句中的they指的是畅销书,它是动词sell out 的承受着,所以要用被动语态。所以选B。
【点评】考查动词的时态和语态。
18.B
【解析】句意:自2016年1月1日起,已婚夫妇可以生育两个孩子。A.现在完成时。B.现在完成时的被动语态。C.一般过去时。根据原句时间状语Since Jan 1,2016,可知是现在完成时。分析句子主语couples与选项谓语动词allow是逻辑上的动宾关系。要用现在完成时的被动语态。故选B。
【点评】考查现在完成时的被动语态。根据时间状语判断时态。分析主谓关系判断语态。
19.C
【解析】句意:——有人教过他怎么做吗?——当然。已经给了很多建议,但是他还没有做出决定。根据advice与 give之间构成被动关系,应用被动语态;结合语境,本句强调“很多建议已经被提出,但是他还没有做出决定”,but连接两个句子,后面句子时态为现在完成时态,故此处选择完成时态,强调其影响;advice 为不可数名词,谓语动词需用第三人称单数。综上,has been given 符合题意。故答案为D。
【点评】考查现在完成时的被动语态。注意掌握不同时态的被动语态用法及构成。
20.C
【解析】句意: 我真的希望这个周末能是晴天,因为我们的运动会已经被推迟了两次。 will put off 一般将来时,表示将来某个时间会推迟某事;is putting off 现在进行时,表示正在推迟某事;has been put off 现在完成时态的被动语态,表示某事已经被推迟了;has put off 现在完成时态的主动语态,表示某人已经推迟了某事。空处为because遇到的原因状语从句的谓语,主语sports meeting与动词短语put off之间为被动关系,且此处隐含对现在所造成的影响——运动会还未举办,故空处谓语应用现在完成时的被动语态。故选C。
【点评】考查时态(现在完成时的被动语态)。注意:在解答时态相关题目时,首先,要仔细审题,在题干中寻找标志性的时间状语。时间状语是判断时态的重要依据。如果题目所给题干是主从复合句,考生需要根据主从句时态相呼应的原则来判断时态。在时间、条件等状语从句中,通常用一般现在时表示一般将来时,用现在完成时表示将来完成时。同时,要正确认定主句动词及从句动词两个动作发生的先后时间,并认真体会命题者所给出的语境。认真阅读题干,理解句子的整体意义,捕捉题干中对动作发生时间所隐含的信息。可以把语境中比较完整的句子中的动词或另一个相关动词所发生的时间作为参照时间,再把选项中的动词与它作比较,看看它所表示的动作是发生在参照时间之前、之后还是正在进行,从而确定选用什么时态。
21.D
22.C
【解析】句意:自2009年问世以来,莫言的小说《蛙》已被翻译成多种语言。was translated一般过去时的被动语态;has translated现在完成时;has been translated现在完成时的被动语态;translated一般过去时;根据时间状语 since it came out in 2009 可知句子用现在完成时,排除AD;根据主语和谓语动词之间的关系可知是被动关系,用被动语态,排除B,故答案为C。
【点评】考查现在完成时的被动语态。注意识记被动语态的结构和用法。
23.A
【解析】句意:——机器又开始工作了 !——是的,它昨天坏了,但是它已经被修理好了。A:已经修好(现在完成时);B:正在修好;C:已经修好(过去完成时);D:将要修好。根据上文" The machine is working again! 机器又开始工作了 ! "可知,机器已经修好,现在正常运转,被修理的动作发生在过去,对现在有影响,用现在完成时,结构是have been done,故选A。
【点评】考查现在完成时被动语态。注意根据上下文语境判断用哪种时态。
24.C
【解析】句意:最近新建了一个社区图书馆而且不久将向公众开放。根据句子and will be open to the public soon可知,图书馆已经修建完工,修建的动作发生在过去,但强调对现在的影响,所以用现在完成时。句子的主语library是动作的承受者,所以用被动语态,现在完成时被动语态的构成是:主语+have/has been+动词的过去分词。本句主语是a new community library单数形式,所以助动词用has,结合所给选项,故答案为C。
【点评】考查现在完成时的被动语态。掌握被动语态的构成和用法。
25.C
【解析】句意:如今3D打印技术已经用于人们的日常生活。根据"these days"可知,该技术在过去某个时间点开始被使用并持续至今,故使用现在完成时态,其结构为have/has done,主语3D printing (打印) technology与选项核心词use之间为被动关系,故需现在完成时的被动语态,其结构为have/has been done,主语为单数,助动词用has,故选C。
【点评】考查现在完成时的被动语态。注意根据语境判断句子的时态和语态。
26.C
【解析】句意:从两年前开始,我们学校为学生提供了各种各样的课后服务。has provided提供,现在完成时;is proving现在进行时,提供;has been provided现在完成时的被动语态。 根可Since two years ago可知句子用现在完成时, 句子的主语是谓语动词的承受者,句子用被动语态,故答案为C。
【点评】考查现在完成时的被动语态。注意识记现在完成时的被动语态的构成和用法。
27.B
【解析】句意:到目前为止,大部分事情已经被工人做了。他们很快就要完成所有的工作了。A.have done已经做了;B.have been done已经被做;C.did动词过去式;D.was done一般过去时的被动语态。根据"so far到目前为止"可知,句子应用现在完成时。主语"most of the things"和谓语"do"之间为被动关系,应用现在完成时的被动语态。故选B。
【点评】考查现在完成时的被动语态。注意识记现在完成时的被动语态结构。
28.D
【解析】句意:一些沼泽地被污染了。become是系动词,其后应是形容词,故排除B和C,pollute与swamps是被动关系,故用polluted,被污染了的,故选D。
【点评】考查过去分词,注意被动语态的用法。
29.C
【解析】句意:在过去的两年里,那个小山村修建了两条宽阔的道路。根据语境及题干关键信息in the past two years(在过去的年里),这个时间状语多与现在完成时态连用;题干主语roads和谓语动词build(修建)之间是被动关系,因此设空处应用现在完成时态的被动语态,表“被修建”。A项是一般过去时态的被动语态;B项是一般现在时态的被动语态;D项是过去完成时态的被动语态;均不符合题意。故选C。
【点评】考查现在完成时的被动语态的基本构成。解答此题的关键,根据语境和题干关键信息词,来判断和选用合适的时态和语态。
30.C
【解析】句意:到目前为止,大部分工作已经由别人完成了,该你做其余部分了。结合语境可知本句描述的是现在已经完成的动作,故用现在完成时态,主语是动作对象,故用被动语态。选C。
【点评】英语中的时态主要是借助于时间状语与上下文语境来进行判断。解答此类题型,首先要注意句子中的时间状语,如果没有则要通过分析上下文,结合语境来判断句子的时态。语态的判断主要是确定句子主语与谓语动词的关系。如果是主动关系则用主动语态,反之如果是动宾关系,则用被动语态,尤其要注意一些特殊动词的用法。
31.D
32.C
【解析】句意:在过去的几年里,沿路种了一些花。句子要用被动语态,结构为be+动词过去分词;再根据时间状语in the last few years,通常与现在完成时连用,故用现在完成时的被动,故选C。
【点评】考查现在完成时和被动。
33.A
【解析】句意:——你能唱这首英文歌吗?——当然,这首英文歌已经在收音机上教过好多次了。根据many times可知,表示“过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响”,用现在完成时have/has done。排除C。It指的是音乐,音乐和教之间为被动关系,故答案选A。
【点评】考查现在完成时态中的被动,注意被动的构成be done。
34.D
【解析】句意:今年这家医院治疗的病人比去年多。patient与treat之间构成被动关系,故用被动语态,因此排除AB;C是过去完成时,表示过去的过去,不符合句意,因此选D。
【点评】考查现在完成时的被动语态。
35.A
【解析】句意: —爸爸,我可以和朋友出去吗?—除非你的作业已经完成了。主语是“your homework”,应该是被完成,用被动语态,排除B、C和D。故选A。
【点评】考查动词时态和语态的用法。
36.C
【解析】句意:——据报道,国际搜救队已赶往土耳其协助大地震。——一支82人的中国搜救队也已被派往那里。分析句子可知An 82-member China Search and Rescue Team ____是主语和谓语动词,且主语和谓语是动宾关系,可知要用被动语态。根据原句have rushed及as well,可知要用现在完成时的被动语态。故选C。
【点评】考查被动语态。仔细阅读题干理清句子的时态和语态。
37.D
【解析】句意:任务的所有准备工作已经完成了,我们正准备开始。根据后一句可知用现在完成时,preparation与complete构成被动关系,故选D。
【点评】考查现在完成时的被动语态。
38.A
【解析】句意:公共区域如餐厅和电影院,自那以后因为新冠而被关闭了。A,已经被关闭,B,已经关闭;C,关闭。根据from then on从那时起可知该句应当使用现在完成时态,主语the public places公共场所与谓语动词close关闭之间构成的是被动的关系,最终采用现在完成时态的被动语态结构have been closed,故选A。
【点评】考查时态和语态,注意识记现在完成时态的被动语态结构。
39.C
【解析】句意:到目前为止,大部分工作已经由别人完成了,该你做其余部分了。结合语境可知本句描述的是现在已经完成的动作,故用现在完成时态,主语是动作对象,故用被动语态。选C。
【点评】英语中的时态主要是借助于时间状语与上下文语境来进行判断。解答此类题型,首先要注意句子中的时间状语,如果没有则要通过分析上下文,结合语境来判断句子的时态。语态的判断主要是确定句子主语与谓语动词的关系。如果是主动关系则用主动语态,反之如果是动宾关系,则用被动语态,尤其要注意一些特殊动词的用法。
40.B
【解析】句意:在过去的几年里世界各地已制作了数千部电影。主语 thousands of films 数千部电影,是动作的承受者用被动语态,排除AC;根据 In the past few years在过去的几年里,与现在完成时 连用,应用现在完成时的被动语态,排除A;故选B。
【点评】考查现在完成时的被动语态,应注意时间状语。
41.C
【解析】句意:——你有没有在4月1日被别人骗过?——是的,我有。A.fool愚弄,欺骗,动词;B.fools,动词第三人称单数形式;C.fooled过去分词;D.foolled表达错误。根据句子结构分析,此处为现在完成时的被动语态,have been+动词过去分词,故选C。
【点评】考查现在完成时的被动语态。注意识记现在完成时被动语态结构。
42.B
【解析】句意:这是今年放映的我最喜欢的电视剧之一。考查被动语态。A. has been shown被放映;B. have been shown被放映;C. have shown放映。此处作定语从句的谓语,先行词my favorite TV dramas作从句的主语,和谓语动词show之间构成被动关系,应该用被动语态be done,所以排除C;又主语my favorite TV dramas是复数,应该用have,故答案选B。
【点评】考查现在完成时的被动语态,注意识记have been done 的用法。
43.C
【解析】句意:——莉莉,这个周六你参加詹尼的生日派对吗 ——我不确定,因为我目前为止还没有被邀请。主语是动作的承受者,所以用被动语态;so far,现在完成时的标志词,故选C
44.B
【解析】句意:布朗先生已经被告诉吃这药一天两次。A现在完成时态的主动语态,B是现在完成时态的被动语态,C是现在完成时态的被动语态,D是形式错误。应该是been,布朗先生被告诉一天吃这药两次,句子是被动语态,时态是现在完成时态,现在完成时态的被动语态的结构是have/has+动词的过去分词。tell sb. to do sth.是固定搭配,被动结构是be told to do sth.,B符合题意,故选B。
【点评】考查被动语态。注意现在完成时态的被动语态的结构和tell sb. to do sth.的被动结构。
45.A
【解析】句意:这本新词典很有用。它们销得不错,已经卖光了。sell well销售很好,说明主语特征,用主动表被动;sell out卖光,与they构成被动关系;already是现在完成时的标志。故选A。
【点评】考查现在完成时的被动语态。
46.C
【解析】句意:在高纯有图书馆吗?有,一个新的图书馆已经被建造了,并且现在对公众开放了。图书馆被建造发生在过去,但强调对现在的影响。故用现在完成时,故选C。
47.B
【解析】句意:工作中的所有困难都已经克服了,可以进行下一步了。A将来时被动语态,B现在完成时被动语态,C一般过去时被动语态,already是现在完成时标志,故用have been overcome,故选B。
【点评】考查时态,语态,注意识记现在完成时被动语态的用法。
48.C
【解析】句意: 怀特小姐说她在商店有人给她展示了一些漂亮的外套。主句时态是一般过去时,故宾语从句是过去完成时,show sth to sb,向某人展示某物,故选C。
【点评】考查时态,注意过去完成时和show sth to sb的用法。
49.A
【解析】句意:他被他的爸爸深深地影响了。be influenced by sb.意为“受某人影响”,是被动语态。affect影响,是动词原形;effect影响,是名词。此处用过去分词构成被动语态,故答案选A。
【点评】考查现在完成时的被动语态。
50.D
【解析】句意:自从1946年第一次被发明以来,一些新功能被加到电脑上。since是现在完成时的标志,根据句意可知function与add之间构成被动关系,故选D。
【点评】考查现在完成时的被动语态。
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