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2026年春牛津译林版九年级英语下册核心语法精讲精练
Unit 2 Great people
核心语法:定语从句
一、核心概念
1. 什么是定语从句?
定语:修饰名词或代词的成分
定语从句:用一个句子来修饰名词或代词,相当于一个“大形容词”
被修饰的词:先行词
引导词:关系词(关系代词/关系副词)
2. 基本结构:
先行词 + 关系词 + 从句(谓语动词不完整)
二、关系代词(重点掌握)
关系代词 指代对象 在从句中的作用 例句
who 人(主语、宾语) 主语、宾语 The girl who is singing is my sister.
whom 人(宾语) 宾语(可省略) The man (whom) you met yesterday is our teacher.
which 物、动物 主语、宾语 The book which is on the desk is mine.
that 人、物、动物 主语、宾语(万能) The pen that I lost was found.
whose 人、物、动物 定语(表所属) The boy whose father is a doctor studies hard.
三、关系副词
关系副词 先行词类型 在从句中的作用 例句
when 时间名词(time, day等) 时间状语 I'll never forget the day when we first met.
where 地点名词(place, school等) 地点状语 This is the factory where my father works.
why reason(原因) 原因状语 That's the reason why I was late.
四、定语从句的类型
1. 限制性定语从句
特点:对先行词起限定作用,不可省略,否则句意不完整
无逗号与主句隔开
例:People who live in glass houses shouldn't throw stones.
2. 非限制性定语从句
特点:对先行词起补充说明作用,可省略,不影响句意完整
有逗号与主句隔开
不能用that引导
例:My father, who is a teacher, works very hard.
五、关系词的选择步骤
判断三步法:
1、找先行词:确定被修饰的词
2、看指代:指人还是指物
3、判成分:关系词在从句中作什么成分
选择流程图:
六、特殊用法规则
1. 只用that的情况:
先行词为不定代词(all, everything, nothing, something等)
All that can be done has been done.
先行词被序数词或最高级修饰
This is the first book that I bought.
It's the most interesting film that I've seen.
先行词同时包含人和物
They talked about the people and things that they remembered.
先行词被the only, the very, the same等修饰
This is the very book that I'm looking for.
2. 不用that的情况:
非限制性定语从句中(用which, who等)
My bike, which I bought last year, is broken.
介词后(用whom, which)
This is the house in which I lived.
= This is the house which/that I lived in.
七、简化形式
1. 关系代词作宾语时可省略
The book (that) you lent me is interesting.
The man (whom) we met yesterday is a famous writer.
2. 定语从句简化为分词短语
The girl who is sitting under the tree is Mary.
→ The girl sitting under the tree is Mary.
A house that was built 100 years ago was destroyed.
→ A house built 100 years ago was destroyed.
八、常见错误提醒
1、关系词重复
The man who he is reading is my teacher.
The man who is reading is my teacher.
2、缺关系词
This is the book I bought it yesterday.
This is the book (that) I bought yesterday.
3、关系词用错
This is the school where I visited last week.
This is the school (which/that) I visited last week.(visit是及物动词)
4、介词位置错误
This is the house which I live.
This is the house in which I live.
This is the house (which/that) I live in.
5、主谓不一致
I, who is your friend, will help you.
I, who am your friend, will help you.(关系代词后的动词与先行词一致)
1.—What are you looking for
—I' m looking for the pen ______ I bought yesterday.
A.which B.who C.when D.what
2. Now machines do the work ____ men once stood by hand.
A.whose B.which C.whom D.who
3.—Is this my hometown ____ I was born ten years ago
—Yes, it is. It has changed a lot.
A.which B.that C.where D.what
4. —What kind of musicians does Carmen like
—She likes musicians____ play different kinds of music.
A.who B.what C.which D.whose
5.—Have you found any information about the famous people you can use for the report
—Not yet. I'll search some on the Internet.
A.who B.whom C.where D.that
6.I will never forget the old days ___________ I spent with my grandmother in the village.
A.which B.when C.who D.whom
7.This is one of the most interesting cities I have ever visited.
A.who B.that C.which
8.I really like the photo of my family ____ my sister took in the city park last year.
A.which B.who C.what D.whom
9.I hate people ___________ laugh at others when they are in trouble.
A.whom B.who C.which D.what
10.Kung Fu Panda is a cartoon ________ gives people something to think about.
A.that B.who C.whom
11.________ is the man ________ your father is talking to
A.Who, which B.Who, whom C.Whom, which D.Whom, whom
12.—Have you ever seen the film The Shawshank Redemption
—Yes, and I think it is the best film _______teaches me a lot.
A.that B.which C.what D./
13.—Do you know the boy____ got the first prize in the talent show
—Of course. He's my new neighbor.
A.whose B.whom C.which D.who
14.The residents, ___ had been damaged by the flood, were given help by the Red Cross.
A.all their homes B.all whose homes
C.all of whose homes D.all of their homes
15.—Do you know ________ is Cindy waiting for
—Her cousin. They are going to the park.
A.what B.whom C.which D.whose
16.Jane is one of the students in the class ______have ever been to China.
A.who B.whose C.which D.whom
17.I really like the photo of my family my sister took in the city park last year.
A.which B.who C.what D.whom
18.The Palace Museum is the best place ______I've ever visited.
A.that B.which C.where
19. —I feel so nervous. What should I do
—You'd better listen to music that ____.
A.helps you relax B.you can dance C.makes you sad
20.The first thing________ I did on Mother's Day was to make breakfast for her.
A.who B.where C.whose D.that
21.—Have you seen the watch my uncle gave me as my birthday present last year
—Sorry, I haven't.
A.what B.which C.who D.when
22.—Linda is a girl ________pays much attention to her clothes.
—Yes, but do you know she can design clothes for ________
A.who; herself B.which; her C.who; her
23.—The boy _______ lost is crying there.
—How do you know he gets lost
A.whose B.who C.who's
24.On Monday April 15, 2019, the fire _______broke out in Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris shocked the world.
A.that B.who C.where
25.— Do you know the heroic girl, TuYouyou
— Yes, she is the first Chinese ______ won a Nobel prize in science.
A.who have B.who has C.that have D.which has
26.The first thing I'm going to do is to send an e-mail to Peter.
A.which B.who C.that D.why
27.In my teachers' eyes, we are all talented young adults ________________ are full of hope for the future.
A.who B.whose C.which D.what
28. Nobody will make friends with the person ____ is dishonest.
A.who B.whom C.which
29.Great changes have taken place here. Everything ____ comes into my eyes is so new to me.
A.that B.which C.who D.whom
30.— Harbin is the most beautiful city __________________ I've been to.
— So it is. Many tourists are attracted there every year.
A.that B.which C.what
31.I saw the dog along with a girl ______was the only guide dog in our city.
A.who B.which C.whom D.What
32.Do you know the first man _______ is talking to our teacher
A.whom B.who C.that D.which
33. The film ____ is about the love between mother and son touches our hearts.
A.what B.which C.why D.who
34. —Who is your father
—The man ____ is reading books beside the window.
A.who B.which C.whom D.whose
35.Shiyan is one of the best places ________ people would like to visit.
A.that B.which C.where D.who
36.I prefer music that me relaxed.
A.make B.makes C.has D.have
37.It's bad for health to hurry to move into a house ___________ has new furniture in it.
A.who B.where C.that
38.—Do you like the weekly talk show The Reader on CCTV
—Sure. It's the most wonderful TV program ____________brings the habit of reading back into the public.
A.which B.who C.that
39.—Do you know everybody________ came to the party
—No, I don't know the one ________ you had a long talk with.
A./; whom B.which; that C.that; which D.who; /
40.—Which is your new neighbor, Liu Hua
—The man T-shirt is red.
A.that B.who C.which D.whose
41.—Do you know the man ________ visited France in March
—Yes. He is our president. He said it was his ________ visit to France.
A.who; fifth B.that; five C./; five D.which; fifth
42.The red skirt ___________ my mother bought for me is made of cotton.
A.that B.when C.who D.whose
43.Yesterday I helped an old man lost his way.
A.when B.which C.who
44.There are many volunteers _________ are helping the children in Sichuan.
A.which B.when C.who D.why
45.Tony ate the big cake I made this morning.
A.what B.that C.who
46.—What are you doing
—We are talking about the books and writers ________ we like.
A.which B.that C.who D.whom
47.—Have you seen the TV drama A Smile Is Beautiful
—Yes, I'm fond of YangYang. He plays a smart and handsome college student _______ is good at computer games.
A.which B.what C.that D.when
48.Do you have books about famous scientists ________ are suitable for children to read
A.what B.which C.who D.whom
49.—Do you know the woman___________ is giving a lesson in space now
—Of course. She is Wang Yaping.
A.which B.whom C.who
50.-- Please say something about Zheng He.
-- Oh! He is the Ming dynasty explorer of all the Chinese are proud.
A.who B.whom C.whose
参考答案及试题解析
1.A
【解析】句意:——你正在找什么?——我正在找我昨天买的那支笔。A、哪个;B、谁;C、什么时候;D、什么。由分析句子成分可知这是一个定语从句,pen是先行词,指物,那么就要用关系代词that或者which,故选A。
【点评】考查关系代词,注意先行词是指人还是物。
2.B
【解析】句意:现在,机器完成了人类曾经手工完成的工作。分析句子结构可知,填空处后面是定语从句,先行词the work指物,作do的宾语,用which或that引导定语从句。故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句,注意先行词指物时用which或that引导定语从句的用法。
3.C
【解析】句意:—— 这是我十年前出生的家乡吗?—— 是的,它是。它已经变了很多。A.哪个;B.那个;C.哪里;D.什么。此处是定语从句,先行词是地点,连接词在从句中做状语,应该用where引导定语从句,故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句的连接词。注意where引导定语从句的用法。
4.A
【解析】句意:——卡门喜欢什么样的音乐家?——她喜欢演奏不同类型音乐的音乐家。A引导定语从句,指代人,B引导宾语从句,指代物,C引导定语从句,指代物,D引导定语从句,做定语。musicians是定语从句的先行词,根据play可知从句中缺少主语,指代人,故用who,故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句,注意识记who的用法。
5.D
【解析】本句先行词any information为下文定语从句逻辑宾语,指物,故引导词用that或者which,结合所给选项,可知选D。
【点评】定语从句引导词的用法比较复杂,其关键就是根据先行词的不同选择不同的引导词.并注意作介词宾语的引导词只能使用宾格形式.that不能用于非限制性定语从句中.本题的难点在于有部分学生会把the famous people当做先行词。
6.A
【解析】句意:我永远不会忘记在乡村和我的祖母度过的那些天。这是一个定语从句,从句的先行词是the days,指物,在定语从句中又是作spent的宾语,所以应用关系词which,故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句。
7.B
【解析】句意: 这是我参观过的最有趣的城市之一。 分析句子结构可知,此处是定语从句,先行词是物,且先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时,连接词只能用that,不能用which;who作定语从句的连接词时先行词应该是人,故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句的连接词。注意在定语从句中先行词是物,且先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时,连接词只能用that。
8.A
【解析】句意:我非常喜欢我家的照片,那是我姐姐去年在城市公园里拍的。A:哪个(指代事物);B:谁(指代人,作主语/宾语);C:什么(不用于定语从句); D:谁(指代人,作宾语)。根据先行词 the photo of my family 家庭照,可知指代事物,在从句中作宾语,可知关系词应用which。故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句关系词。注意熟记关系代词which,用于指代事物,在定语从句中作主语,宾语。
9.B
【解析】句意:我讨厌那些在别人有困难时嘲笑他们的人。A:whom,谁,who的宾格,先行词是人,在从句中做宾语;B:who,谁,先行词是人,在从句中做主语;C:which,哪一个,先行词是物; D:what,什么,不用于定语从句。根据people,人,后跟一个句子做定语,是一个定语从句,先行词people指人,在定语从句中做的主语,故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句。注意辨别先行词以及关系词的用法。
10.A
【解析】句意:《功夫熊猫》是一部让人思考的动画片。that关系代词,指人或物;who关系代词,指人;whom关系代词,指人。根据定语从句修饰"a cartoon",填入的关系代词应能指代"a cartoon",指代物用"that"。故选A。
【点评】考查关系代词的用法。注意熟记定于从句,先行词为物时,关系代词用that。
11.B
【解析】句意:你爸爸正在交谈的那个男人是谁?who做主语,whom做宾语。第一个空问的是那个男的是谁,句子缺少主语,所以用who,第二个空the man是先行词,指人,并且关系词在从句中做to的宾语,所以用whom,故选B。
【点评】考查疑问词辨析和定语从句关系代词的用法。
12.A
【解析】句意:—— 你看过电影《肖申克的救赎》吗 ——是的,我认为这是最好的教会了我很多的电影。根据句意和句子结构可知,此处是定语从句,先行词是最高级修饰的名词,连接词在从句中作主语,所以需要that连接,故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句的连接词。注意先行词为物,且有最高级修饰的时候,用连接词that引导。
13.D
【解析】句意:——你认识那个在才艺表演中得了第一名的男孩吗?——当然 他是我的新邻居。A:谁的(后接名词,作主语/宾语);B:谁(指代人,作宾语);C:哪一个(指代事物,作主语/宾语); D:谁(指代人,作主语/宾语)。根据先行词 the boy男孩,可知指代人,在从句中作主语,可知关系词应用who。故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句关系词。注意熟记关系代词 "who",通常用于指代人,并在从句中作主语或宾语。
14.C
【解析】句意:这些居民的房屋都被洪水破坏了,他们得到了红十字会的帮助。"……had been damaged by the flood,"是非限定定语从句,需要引导词,排除选项AD,固定搭配all of,所有的,all of whose homes,故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句。了解非限定定语从句的结构以及用法。
15.B
【解析】句意:——你知道辛迪在等谁吗?——她的堂姐。他们要去公园。定语从句先行词指的是人,在句中做宾语,关系词用whom;先行词指的是物,关系词用which;whose谁的,后面用形容词。定语从句中关系词没有what。根据答语Her cousin.可知问的是人物,并且做介词for的宾语,所以用whom,故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句,首先理解关系词区别,然后根据答语和关键词for确定。
16.A
【解析】句意:Jane是班级里去过中国的学生之一。此处应填定语从句的引导词,定语从句修饰人,且引导词在定语从句中做主语,who可修饰人且做主语,故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句,识记定语从句引导词who的用法。
17.A
【解析】句意:我真的喜欢我姐姐去年在城市公园拍的那张全家福。根据先行词photo照片指物,可知定语从句的关系代词用which或that。故选A。
【点评】本题考查引导定语从句的关系词。
18.A
【解析】句意:故宫博物院是我参观过的最好的地方。这是一个含有定语从句的主从复合句。先行词place地点,在定语从句中作宾语。先行词前有最高级形容词修饰,所以要用关系代词that。故选A。
【点评】此题考查定语从句。定语从句的关系词的使用规则我要掌握。
19.A
【解析】句意:——我感到很紧张。我应该做什么?——你最好听帮你放松的音乐。分析句子结构,可知that后是定语从句,用来修饰"music"。B选项语法上错误,应是you can dance to。结合"I feel so nervous, what should I do "可知,本空给出的建议应是帮助对方缓解紧张心情,所以A选项(帮你放松)符合语境,故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句和情景交际,在理解和分析定语从句时,还需要结合句子的语义和语境,以确保对定语从句的准确理解 。
20.D
【解析】句意:我在母亲节要做的第一件事情就是为她做一顿早饭。整个句子的主语是The first thing,谓语动词是was,to make breakfast for her是表语。I did on Mother's Day作定语修饰前面的the first thing, 定语从句中缺少did的宾语,先行词the first thing是指事情,who指人的,故排除A;where在定语从句当中作状语,故排除B;whose在定语从句中作定语,故排除C,因为先行词有序数词来修饰,指物的时候关系词应该用that,故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句中的先行词有序数词修饰的时候关系词只使用that。
21.B
【解析】句意:——你看过去年我叔叔给我的生日礼物手表吗?——对不起,我没有。根据句式结构,my uncle gave me as my birthday present 修饰watch,作为定语,是定语从句,引导词为which/that,故答案为B。
【点评】此题考查定语从句用法。注意定语从句的关系词的使用。
22.A
【解析】句意:——琳达是一个很注意自己衣服的女孩。——是的,但是你知道她会为自己设计衣服吗?第一个为定语从句的连接词,先行词girl是表示人的词,用who或that引导;第二个空for的宾语和从句主语是同一个人,应该用反身代词,故答案为A。
【点评】考查定语从句和反身代词。注意识记定语从句连接词和反身代词的用法。
23.C
【解析】句意:——迷路的这个男孩正在那里哭。——你怎么知道他迷路了?A.谁的,后面跟名词;B.谁;C.谁是。根据句意可知 _______ lost做boy的定语,是定语从句,先行词是boy,指人,所以用who,谓语是be lost,即is lost,故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句,注意平时识记,理解句意。
24.A
【解析】句意:在2019年4月15日,周一巴黎圣母院发生的大火震惊了全世界。定语从句的先行词是物时,关系词用that/which,先行词是人时,关系词是who;先行词是地点时,关系词用where。先行词是fire,指物,作主语,关系代词用which/that,故答案选A。
【点评】考查定语从句,注意根据先行词确定关系词。
25.B
【解析】句意:——你知道这个英雄女杰吗,屠呦呦?——是的,她是科学上首位中国人获得诺贝尔奖。A.who have已经;B.who has已经;C.that have已经;D.which has已经。根据句子结构可知,此处为定语从句,主语为人,关系代词用who或that,结合谓语,用三单,填入has,故答案为B。
【点评】考查了定语从句,注意,指人,关系代词选用who或that。
26.C
【解析】句意:我要做的第一件事是给彼得发一封邮件。I'm going to do作为The first thing的定语。先行词指事物时,定语从句用that,which作关系词;先行词指人时,用who,Whom,that 作为关系词.The first thing指事物,先行词受the first修饰时,关系词只能用that。故选C
27.A
【解析】句意:在老师的眼里,我们都是有才华的年轻人,对未来充满希望。这里是定语从句,根据先行词talented young adults,可知这里是指人的名词,在从句中做主语,应该用who,故答案为A。
【点评】考查定语从句的连接词。注意识记who引导定语从句的用法。
28.A
【解析】句意:没有人会和不诚实的人交朋友。结合题干语句Nobody will make friends with the person……is dishonest.可知此句是含有定语从句的复合句。the person是先行词,先行词是人,作主语,排除C选项which (先行词是物) ; the person在定语从句中做主语,排除B选项whom (先行词在定语从句中做宾语) ; A选项who (先行词是人,在定语从句中做主语或宾语)。故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句的关系词。注意引导词who与whom的区别。
29.A
【解析】句意:这里发生了巨大的变化。我眼中的一切都是那么新鲜。A引导定语从句,指代物,B引导定语从句,指代物,C引导定语从句,指代人,做主语D引导定语从句,指代人,作宾语,everything指代物,是不定代词,用that引导定语从句,故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句,注意识记that指代不定代词的用法。
30.A
【解析】句意:——哈尔滨是我去过的最美丽的城市。——的确如此。那里每年都吸引着许多游客。先行词为the most beautiful city最漂亮的城市,定语从句I have been to,可知,此处要用定语从句。先行词为the most beautiful,指代物,在定语从句中充当宾语,要用关系代词前有不定代词修饰时,关系代词that,故选A。
【点评】考查关系代词。注意识记that,what, which词义及用法,结合定语从句的构成,选择合适的关系代词。
31.B
【解析】句意:我看见这个女孩和我们城市的唯一的一条导盲犬在一起。A.who谁;B.which 哪一个;C.Whom谁;D.What什么。本题考查定语从句的用法,由于先行词物。结合句意,故选B
32.C
【解析】句意:你认识和我们老师谈话的第一个人吗?根据语义可知,本句为限制性定语从句。A. whom关系词,谁,宾格;B. who关系词,谁,主格;C. that关系词,指人或物;D. which关系词,哪一个。本题中the first man为先行词,关系词使用that。在限制性定语从句中, 当先行词是序数词或前面有序数词修饰时,只能用that。故选:C。
【点评】此题考查定语从句的用法。
33.B
【解析】句意:这部关于母子之爱的电影打动了我们的心。A什么,不用于定语从句;B哪一,用于定语从句,指代事物;C为什么,用于定语从句,作状语询问原因;D谁,用于定语从句,指代人。根据先行词film"电影", is about the love between mother and son关于母子之爱的,可知句子为定语从句, 应用关系代词which,指代事物,在从句中作主语。故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句。注意熟记"which"在定语从句中是一个常用的关系代词,主要用于指代物或整个主句的内容。它在从句中可以作主语、宾语,也可以引导限制性或非限制性定语从句。
34.A
【解析】句意:——你的父亲是谁?——在窗边看书的那个人。根据句子结构可知空白处缺少定语从句的连接词,先行词是表示人的the man,不能用which引导;并且关系代词在从句中做主语, 用关系代词who,故答案为A。
【点评】考查who引导的定语从句。掌握定语从句的结构和关系代词who的用法。
35.A
【解析】句意:十堰是人们想去参观的最好的地方之一。首先分析句子结构, 本句中的"______ people would like to visit"在复合句中作定语从句, 由于先行词是places 指物, 在定语从句中作宾语, 且先行词前面有形容词最高级修饰, 因而只能用that来引导后面的定语从句, 不能用which.故选A。
【点评】关系代词
36.B
【解析】句意:我更喜欢使我放轻松的音乐。关系代词that指代music音乐(不可数名词),在定语从句中做主语,所以谓语动词应为单三式形式,故排除A和D。根据短语make sb.+形容词,使某人怎么样,可知此题选择B。
【点评】考查动词辨析。
37.C
【解析】本题考查定语从句。句意为:匆忙搬进有新家具的房子对健康有害。先行词house是物,并且引导词要在定语从句作主语,故选关系词that。故选 C。
【点评】该题考查的是定语从句的引导词。在中考大纲中要求中,which/that/who是中考考纲要求学生必须掌握和运用的三个关系词。该题在定语从句中还是较简单的。学生们只要能找出先行词是人还是物,在从句中做什么成分,就很容易答题了。
38.C
【解析】句意:——你喜欢中央电视台每周播出的《读者》访谈节目吗?——当然。这是最精彩的电视节目,把阅读的习惯带回到公众。根据句子结构可知这里是定语从句。which引导的句子先行词是表示物的名词;who引导的从句先行词是表示人的名词,that引导的从句的先行词既可以是物也可以是人,当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时,只能用that,这里先行词前有the most wonderful,故答案为C。
【点评】考查定语从句。注意识记只能用that的用法。
39.D
【解析】句意:——你认识每个来参加聚会的人吗?——不,我不认识那个和你谈了很久的人。根据句子结构,可知是定语从句,先行词everybody,为人,在从句came to the party中作主语,修饰人,作主语,用who或者that引导,不能省略;第二空,先行词是the one,在从句you had a long talk with中作介词with的宾语,修饰人作宾语,用that或者whom引导,且可以省略,故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句。注意识记定语从句关系词的用法。
40.D
【解析】句意:——李华,你的新邻居是哪一位?——穿着红色T恤衫的那位男子。定语从句中先行词为man男人,关系词作定语修饰T-shirt,用whose。故选D。
【点评】本题考查引导定语从句的关系词,注意关系词whose作定语修饰名词。
41.A
【解析】句意:——你认识那个三月分访问法国的人吗?——是的。他是我们的总统。他说这是他第五次到法国访问。第一句是含有定语从句的主从复合句,先行词指人,在句中作主语,关系词用who或that,某人第几次做某事用序数词,故选A。
【点评】此题考查定语从句和序数词。注意定语从句的关系词的使用和序数词的用法。
42.A
【解析】句意:我妈妈给我买的红色裙子是棉的。定语从句中缺少宾语,先行词skirt,指代物,故关系代词是that,故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句,注意识记关系代词that的用法。
43.C
【解析】句意:昨天我帮助了一个迷路的老人。分析句式可知lost his way 是定语从句,先行词是an old man,关系代词可用who或that,故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句的引导词。当先行词是人的时候,关系代词可用who或that。
44.C
【解析】句意:在四川有许多帮助孩子们的志愿者。本句中先行词volunteers为下文定语从句的逻辑主语,指人,故引导词用who,选C。
【点评】定语从句引导词的用法比较复杂,其关键就是根据先行词的不同选择不同的引导词.并注意作介词宾语的引导词只能使用宾格形式.that不能用于非限制性定语从句中.
45.B
【解析】句意:Tony吃了我今天早晨给他做的那个大蛋糕。首先分析句子结构, 本句中的“ I made this morning”在复合句中作定语从句, 由于先行词 the big cake 为下文定语从句的逻辑宾语, 且指物, 所以引导定语从句的关系代词用that或者which, 故选B。
【点评】关系代词
46.B
【解析】句意:——你们在做什么?——我们在谈论我们喜欢的书和作家。定语从句的先行词是“books and writers”,既有物又有人,关系代词只能用that,故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句的基本结构。注意引导词that的特殊用法。
47.C
【解析】句意:——你看过《微微一笑很倾城》吗?——看过,我喜欢杨洋。他扮演了一位聪明帅气,擅长电脑游戏的大学生。 _______ is good at computer games.作为定语修饰student,是一个定语从句。从句的先行词在从句中作主语指人,关系词用who或that,故选C。
【点评】此题考查定语从句的用法。注意从句的关系词的使用。
48.B
【解析】句意: 你有适合儿童阅读的关于著名科学家的书吗 此处是定语从句,先行词是物books,连接词在从句中做主语,所以此处应该用which/that引导定语从句,what不能引导定语从句,who/whom引导定语从句时,先行词是人,故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句的连接词。注意先行词是物,连接词在从句中用作主语时,应该用which/that引导。
49.C
【解析】句意:——你知道这个正在太空中上课的女士吗?——当然。她是王亚平。A.which,哪一个,用于定语从句时先行词是物,在从句中做主语或宾语;B.whom,谁,宾格,用在定语从句中时做宾语,先行词是人;C.who,用于定语从句时先行词是人,在从句中做主语或宾语;先行词the woman是人,在定语从句“... is giving a lesson in space now”中做主语,因此引导词用who,故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句。识记定语从句的用法。
50.B
【解析】句意:——请说一些郑和的事情。——哦!他是所有中国人都引以为豪的明朝探险家。explorer后是定语从句,先行词是explorer指人,在从句中作be proud of 的宾语,故用that、who、whom,因为of是介词,故只能用whom。答案选B。
【点评】考查定语从句的关系代词用法。
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