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2026年春牛津译林版九年级英语下册核心语法精讲精练
Unit 3 Robots
核心语法:含有情态动词的被动语态
一、核心概念
1. 什么是“情态动词 + 被动语态”?
将情态动词与被动语态结合使用,表达“可能被...”、“应该被...”、“必须被...”等含义。
2. 基本结构:
情态动词 + be + 过去分词 (p.p.)
二、结构公式
基本结构表格:
情态动词 肯定式 否定式 疑问式
can can be done cannot/can't be done Can...be done
could could be done could not/couldn't be done Could...be done
may may be done may not be done May...be done
might might be done might not be done Might...be done
must must be done must not/mustn't be done Must...be done
should should be done should not/shouldn't be done Should...be done
ought to ought to be done ought not to/oughtn't to be done Ought...to be done
have to have/has to be done don't/doesn't have to be done Do/Does...have to be done
need need be done (needn't be done) need not/needn't be done Need...be done
三、各情态动词的被动用法详解
1. can/could be done
表示“能够被...”
例:This problem can be solved in different ways.(这个问题可以用不同方法解决。)
例:The work could be finished tomorrow.(这项工作明天可能完成。)
2. may/might be done
表示“可能被...”
例:The letter may be sent today.(信今天可能寄出。)
例:He might be punished for his mistake.(他可能因错误受到惩罚。)
3. must be done
表示“必须被...”
例:The rules must be obeyed by everyone.(规则必须被每个人遵守。)
例:Your homework must be handed in on time.(作业必须按时交。)
4. should/ought to be done
表示“应该被...”
例:The environment should be protected.(环境应该被保护。)
例:More trees ought to be planted.(应该种更多树。)
5. have to be done
表示“不得不被...”
例:The broken window has to be repaired.(破窗户不得不修理。)
例:The work has to be finished today.(这项工作今天必须完成。)
6. need be done
表示“需要被...”
例:The room needs to be cleaned.(房间需要打扫。)
注意:need作情态动词时,主要用于否定和疑问句
四、使用情景
1. 表达可能性
The missing book might be found in the library.(丢失的书可能在图书馆找到。)
The answer can be found at the back of the book.(答案可以在书后找到。)
2. 表达必要性
Dangerous chemicals must be kept away from children.(危险化学品必须远离儿童。)
The medicine should be taken three times a day.(药应该一天吃三次。)
3. 表达建议或义务
More attention ought to be paid to pronunciation.(应该更注意发音。)
Old people should be respected by everyone.(老人应该被每个人尊重。)
4. 表达能力
English can be learned by anyone with determination.(英语可以被任何有决心的人学会。)
The heavy box could be moved with some help.(重箱子可以在帮助下移动。)
5. 规章制度
Mobile phones must be turned off during the meeting.(会议期间手机必须关机。)
Food should not be brought into the library.(食物不应该被带进图书馆。)
五、句法转换
主动变被动步骤:
找宾语:主动句宾语 → 被动句主语
变谓语:情态动词 + do → 情态动词 + be done
加by短语:动作执行者前加by(可省略)
转换对比表:
主动语态 被动语态
We must finish the work today. The work must be finished today.
You should clean the room. The room should be cleaned.
They can solve this problem. This problem can be solved.
May I borrow this book May this book be borrowed
We have to obey the rules. The rules have to be obeyed.
六、特殊句型处理
1. 含有“by + 执行者”
主动:Students should respect teachers.
被动:Teachers should be respected by students.
2. 含有状语
主动:We must finish the work by Friday.
被动:The work must be finished by Friday.
3. 双宾语动词的被动
主动:We should give him a chance.
被动1:He should be given a chance.
被动2:A chance should be given to him.
4. 短语动词的被动
保持短语动词的完整性
主动:We must take care of the children.
被动:The children must be taken care of.
主动:You shouldn't laugh at him.
被动:He shouldn't be laughed at.
七、常见错误提醒
1、遗漏be动词
The work must finished soon.
The work must be finished soon.
2、be动词用错形式
The room can is cleaned.
The room can be cleaned.
3、情态动词后跟to
The rule must to be followed.
The rule must be followed.
4、过去分词错误
The letter should be send today.
The letter should be sent today.
5、语序错误(疑问句)
Must the room be clean
Must the room be cleaned
1.— Why do some whales have to
— Because humans catch whales for meat, fat and oil. Some of them are .
A.protect; dangerous B.protect; endangered
C.be protected; dangerous D.be protected; endangered
2.—Look at the boy with green hair. It's cool!
—But I don't think students ________ to color their hair.
A.should be not allowed B.should be allowed
C.should allow D.shouldn't be allowed
3.________ wound and ________ sick must be taken to hospital at once.
A.The; the B.the; a C.a; the D.a; a
4.—I want to borrow the book,but I don't know how long it may .
—For two weeks.
A.keep B.be borrowed C.borrow D.be kept
5.—How long may I ________ your dictionary
—For one week.But it mustn't ________ to others.
A.keep;be lent B.borrow;lend
C.lend;be borrowed D.have;borrow
6.I think teenagers should ________ to make their own decisions.
A.allowed B.allows C.be allowed D.allow
7.The sweater can't ______ in the machine.
A.wash B.washed C.be washed D.be washing
8.—More and more people play with mobile phones instead of reading books all day .
—That's too bad. Everyone __________ to use it. Reading is more enjoyable.
A.may be allowed B.shouldn't be allowed
C.don't allowed D.wasn't allowed
9.——How long may I ____ your dictionary
——For one week. But it mustn't ______ to others.
A.keep, be lent B.borrow, lend
C.lend, be borrowed D.have, borrow
10.I think teenagers should to choose the clothes they like.
A.be allowed B.allow C.be allowing D.to allow
11.—If we take a shower instead of a bath, more water .
—I agree with you.
A.has saved B.can save C.will save D.can be saved
12.— I want to borrow the book, but I don't know how long it may ______________.
— For two weeks.
A.keep B.be borrowed C.borrow D.be kept
13.—I want to borrow the book, but I don't know how long it may _______.
—For two weeks.(易错题)
A.borrow B.be borrowed C.keep D.be kept
14.一 It's difficult for the village children to cross the river to school.
一 I think a bridge _______________ over the river.
A.was built B.is being built
C.should be built D.been built
15. —It is said that the new kind of medicine which can ____ to treat this disease will be on the market next month.
—That's great!
A.use B.be used C.have used D.be using
16.The teenagers ________ to choose their own clothes.
A.allow B.allowed
C.are allowing D.should be allowed
17.Where should this painting________________.
A.hung B.hanged C.be hanged D.be hung
18.——I think the older people must be _______ politely.
——Yes. You are so kind.
A.talking about B.said with C.tell about D.spoken to
19.— How often do I need to feed the dog
— It ________________ food every day, or it will be hungry.
A.must give B.must be give C.gave D.must be given
20.— The final exam is coming, Tom. Don't watch TV for too long.
— I'm not a child any more. I _____________ what to do.
A.should always be told B.should always tell
C.shouldn't always be told D.shouldn't always tell
21.As everyone knows, rubbish everywhere.
A.need be thrown B.mustn't be thrown C.can't throw
22.They should practice their hobbies.
A.allowed to B.be allowed to C.are allowed D.are allowed to
23. These flowers ____ often in the park.
A.must water B.must be watered
C.water D.be watered
24.—How often do I need to feed the birds
—They food everyday,or they will be hungry.
A.must give B.mustn't give C.must be given
25. I don't think mobile phones ____ to school. It may influence student's study.
A.should bring B.may bring
C.should be brought D.may be brought
26.—Tom is always careless with his school work.Could you help him?
—No problem!I think he ____ to think twice before starting.
A.should be told B.shouldn't be told
C.should tell D.shouldn't tell
27.—It's difficult for the village children to cross the river for school.
—I think a bridge _________ over the river.
A.was built B.should be built
C.has been built D.is being built
28.—I think some rules in our school should .
—Perhaps you are right.
A.be changing B.be changed C.change D.to be changed
29.Our classroom must __________ every afternoon.
A.clean B.cleans C.cleaned D.be cleaned
30. —____ your homework ____ on time
—Yes, of course.
A.Must be; handed in B.Must; be handed in
C.Need; to be handed in D.Need; hand in
31.A large number of foreigners from different countries ________ on the streets of Chang'an during the Tang Dynasty.
A.would be found B.has been found C.is found D.could be found
32.—Food safety is very important.
—So some rules _______ keep people from polluting food.
A.must make B.must be made to
C.must be made D.be made
33.Not only can the art bring happiness to others, but it also shows that even cold, hard iron can __________ to life with a little creativity.
A.bring back B.be brought back C.bring out
34. I found this book on my desk when I came to class. It ____by one of the students in the earlier class, but I'm not sure of it.
A.may leave B.may be left
C.must leave D.must be left
35.— In January, the Ministry of Education(教育部)announced that mobile phones couldn't _____________ to bring to primary and middle school.
—The rule aims to help students focus on study and avoid losing _____________ in games.
A.allow, theirs
B.be allowed, themselves
C.be allowed, them
36.—It's difficult for village children to cross the river to school.
—I think a bridge _________ over the river.
A.should be built B.will build
C.is built D.was built
37.—This cloth bag is too old. I want to throw it away.
—I don't think it's a good idea. To save energy, it_____ for longer!
A.should use B.should be used C.uses
38.—Dad, can I play computer games for a while
—No. You haven't done your homework yet. It _________ first.
A.has finished B.should finish
C.was finished D.should be finished
39.In order to make our city more beautiful, more trees and flowers _______________ every year.
A.will plant B.should plant
C.should be planted D.will be planted
40.Today a lot of information can online.
A.receive B.be received C.is received
41. —Don't put off today's work till tomorrow, I mean, today's work ____today.
—OK, Mr. White.
A.should do B.may do
C.should be done D.may be done
42.The same information read or on the website.
A.can be; listened to B.can be; listened
C.can; listen D.can; listen to
43.—The traffic is too busy. We have to drive slowly.
—I think more new roads in our city.
A.should be built B.should built
C.have built D.build
44.— Most parents require that home rules must ____ by their children.
—Yeah, they want their children to be honest, kind and independent ones.
A.be following B.be followed C.follow
45.—_________ I finish the homework this afternoon
—No, you needn't. It __________ before Friday.
A.Can; can finish B.Must; must finish
C.Must; can be finished D.Can; must be finished
46.All the mobile phone must ______ before the meeting starts.
A.turn off B.be turned off C.be turning off D.turned off
47.—When should I hand in my paper
—Your paper must as soon as the bell .
A.hand in; rings B.hand in; will ring
C.be handed in; will ring D.be handed in; rings
48.——I don't think sixteen-year-olds _______ to drive.
——I agree. They aren't serious enough at that age.
A.can allow B.need be allowed
C.should allow D.should be allowed
49. Old things can __________, so we can't ___________.
A.put to good use; throw away them
B.put to good use; throw them away
C.be put to good use, throw it away
D.be put to good use; throw them away
50.Boys and girls, the books in the library should good care of.
A.be taken B.take C.are D.taking
参考答案及试题解析
1.D
【解析】句意:——为什么要保护一些鲸?——因为人类捕捉鲸鱼为了获取肉、脂肪和油。其中一些鲸濒临灭绝。endangered濒临灭绝的;dangerous危险的;句子主语whales与动词protect之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,have to是情态动词,此处构成情态动词的被动结构,排除A/B选项;结合常识可知,保护鲸鱼是因为一些鲸鱼濒临灭绝,第二空应用形容词endangered作表语,故选D。
【点评】考查被动语态和形容词辨析,注意含有情态动词的被动语态和形容词 endangered 的用法。
2.B
【解析】句意:——看那个绿头发的男孩。这很酷!——但我认为学生不应该被允许染发。这里是否定前移,前面是don't,后面用肯定形式,排除AD选项;根据句意可知是不应该被允许,用被动语态,be +过去分词,故答案为B。
【点评】考查含有情态动词的被动语态。注意识记其结构和用法。
3.A
【解析】句意:伤者和病人必须立即送去医院。the定冠词,表特指;a不定冠词,表泛指。第一空根据空格后形容词wound,可知此处特指"伤者",应用"定冠词the+形容词";第二空根据形容词sick,可知此处特指"病人",用the+形容词sick。故选A。
【点评】考查定冠词用法。注意熟记定冠词the+形容词 表示一类人 。
4.D
【解析】句意:——我想借这本书,但是我不知道它可以保存多久。——两周。根据book书可知,应使用被动语态。答语for two weeks可知,谓语动词必须是延续性动词,应用keep,故选D。
【点评】本题考查动词辨析和被动语态,掌握含有情态动词的被动语态:情态动词+be+过去分词的应用。
5.A
【解析】句意:—你的字典我能保存多长时间?—一周,但是你千万不要把它借给其他人。keep保存,保持,是延续性动词;borrow借,是瞬间性动词,不能和一段时间搭配使用;lend借给,瞬间性动词;have拥有。根据句意可知,第一句话中How long 表示一段时间,故B和C不对;第二句话表示借出,故D不对,选A。
【点评】此题考查短暂性动词和延续性动词的区别和情态动词的被动语态的用法。
6.C
【解析】句意:我认为我们应该允许青少年们自己做决定。根据句意可知,从句中的主语teenagers和谓语动词allow构成被动的关系,应使用被动语态,其构成形式是be +动词的过去分词,情态动词should后接原形,be allowed,故选C。
【点评】此题考查含有情态动词的被动语态。
7.C
【解析】句意:这件毛衣不能在洗衣机里洗。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象。被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。含有情态动词的被动语态结构是:情态动词+助动词be+及物动词的过去分词。根据句意,故选C。
【点评】考查被动语态的用法。
8.B
【解析】句意:——越来越多的人整天玩手机而不是看书。——那太糟糕了。不应该允许每个人都使用它。阅读更有趣。A 可以被允许;B 不应该被允许;C 表达错误;D 不被允许。结合That's too bad. Everyone……to use it. Reading is more enjoyable.可知,表示不应该,故答案为B。
【点评】考查被动语态的基本构成。注意含有宾语从句的被动语态的用法。
9.A
【解析】句意:— 我可以用你的字典多长时间?— 一周。但是不能借给别人。borrow和lend是短暂性动词,不能和How long连用。所以用keep表示保持;borrow借入;lend借出。it指the dictionary.所以用be lent 放在情态动词mustn't之后,表被动。 故选A。
【点评】考查动词的用法。
10.A
【解析】句意:我认为青少年应该被允许选择他们喜欢的衣服。青少年们该是被允许选择,可知应用被动语态,句中有情态动词should ,所以是考查含有情态动词的被动语态:should be +done,故答案选A。
【点评】考查含有情态动词的被动语态。注意识记含有情态动词的被动语态的构成。
11.D
【解析】句意:如果我们洗淋浴而不是盆浴,更多的水会被节约。save节约,与句子主语water是被动关系,应使用被动语态,选项D是被动语态,故答案是D。
【点评】考查含有情态动词的被动语态,注意识记被动语态的用法和结构方式。
12.D
【解析】句意:——我想借这本书,但是我不知道它能被借多久。——两个周。keep,动词,占有,拥有,保管,是延续性动词,可以与段时间连用;borrow,动词,借,是非延续性动词,不与段时间连用。how long,多久,多长时间,其谓语动词需用延续性动词,因此用keep的相应形式。“ it may...”的主语是it,指代the book,与keep之间是动宾关系,因此it做主语,句子用被动语态,may,情态动词,可以,因此“it may...”需用含有情态动词的被动语态,即may be kept,故选D。
【点评】考查情态动词的被动语态。识记情态动词的被动语态的用法。
13.D
【解析】句意:—我想借这本书,但我不知道我可以借多久?—两周。根据but I don't know how long it may,可知,这里how long是指一段时间,动词应该用延续性动词,而borrow是个非延续性动词,这里应该用keep,在这里it是指book,它是动作keep的承受者,所以句子应该用被动语态,这里含有情态动词may,所以使用含有情态动词的被动语态,构成:情态动词+be+动词过去分词。故答案选D。
【点评】此题考查现在完成时的用法。注意区别延续性动词和短暂性动词。
14.C
【解析】句意:——村里的孩子过河上学很困难。——我认为应该在这条河上建一座桥。was built一般过去时的被动语态;is being built现在进行时的被动语态;should be built应该被建;been built错误结构;过去时和进行时都不合适,意为我认为应该建桥,故答案为C。
【点评】考查含有情态动词的被动语态。注意识记被动语态的结构和用法。
15.B
【解析】句意:——据说,可用于治疗这种疾病的新型药物将于下个月上市。——这真是太棒了!A.使用,实义动词;B.被使用,被动语态;C.已经使用,现在完成时;D.正在使用,现在进行时。定语从句中关系词which代指medicine,是动作use的承受者,can可以,情态动词,所以用含有情态动词的被动语态,即情态动词+be+动词过去分词,故选B。
【点评】考查含有情态动词的被动语态,首先理解选项区别,然后根据定语从句关系词which代指先行词medicine确定语态,理解句意。
16.D
【解析】句意:应该允许青少年选择自己的衣服。固定结构should be allowed to do sth. 是含有情态动词的被动语态,表示应该被允许做某事,故选D。
【点评】考查固定结构should be allowed to do sth.
17.D
【解析】句意:这幅画应该在哪里?should是情态动词,其后是动词原形,painting和hang是被动关系,故是should be done的形式,故选D。
【点评】考查情态动词被动语态,注意识记should be done的用法。
18.D
【解析】句意:我认为必须有礼貌地和老年人说话。是的。你想的太周到了。speak的意思是“说话”,作不及物动词,通常指说话的能力和方式,也有“演讲,发言”之意;作及物动词时,其后宾语多是表示语言的名词。speak to常表示“同……说话”。 Say 意思是“说”,强调说话内容。Talk 意思是“谈”,与介词to 或with 连用表示“与……交谈”,与介词about 或of连用表示“谈论…内容”。 tell的意思是“讲”、“告诉”,作及物动词,意为“讲述”、“告诉”,指把一件事或一个故事讲出来,有连续述说的意思, tell可接双宾语结构或复合宾语结构,有时表示“嘱咐或语气较轻的命令”,常用于tell sb.(not)to do sth.结构中。所以选D
【点评】考查动词短语。
19.D
【解析】句意:——我需要多久喂一次狗 ——必须每天给它食物,否则它会饿的。根据句子结构分析可知此处主语it指代the dog,谓语动词与主语之间是被动关系,需用被动语态。被动语态结构为be+动词过去分词。又因must为情态动词,因此结构为must+be+过去分词。故选D。
【点评】考查情态动词的被动语态。注意理解主谓之间的关系,识记情态动词被动语态结构。
20.C
【解析】句意:——期末考试快到了,汤姆。别看太久电视。——我不再是个孩子了。我不应该总是被告知做什么。A.应该总是被告诉,被动语态;B.应该总是告诉;C.不应该总是被告诉,被动语态;D.不应该总是告诉。tell告诉,主语I是动作tell的承受者,should应该,情态动词,所以用含有情态动词的被动语态,结构是情态动词+be+动词过去分词,tell的过去分词是told,根据I'm not a child any more.我不再是一个孩子,可知我不应该被告诉做什么,所以用否定,故选C。
【点评】考查含有情态动词的被动语态,注意平时识记其结构,理解句意。
21.B
【解析】句意:众所周知,垃圾禁止被到处乱扔。need be thrown需要被扔;mustn't be thrown禁止被扔;can't throw不能扔。根据句意可知,句子的主语rubbish和动词throw构成被动关系,这句话应使用被动语态,先排除C,并且这里应表示否定的意思,不能乱扔垃圾,故选B。
【点评】考查mustn't禁止、不允许;含有情态动词后的被动。
22.B
【解析】should应该,后应跟动词原形,故排除选择A,C,D,选择B。
【点评】此题考查含有情态动词的被动语态,平时应多归纳总结各种时态,语态和句式的结构及用法。
23.B
【解析】句意:这些花必须经常在公园里浇水。A.一定浇水;B.必须被浇;C.浇水;D.倍浇。water浇水,实义动词,主语flowers是动作water的承受者,所以用被动语态,结构是be+动词过去分词,排除A、C;主语flowers是复数,所以be动词用are,排除D;must是情态动词,含有情态动词的被动语态结构是情态动词+be+动词过去分词,故选B。
【点评】考查含有情态动词的被动语态,首先理解选项区别,然后根据主语flowers和谓语water的关系确定语态,最后根据主语flowers确定be动词,理解句意。
24.C
【解析】句意:—我需要多久喂一次这些鸟?-他们必须每天被给食物,否则他们会饿的。must give必须给;mustn't千万不要给;must be given必须被给。根据句意可知,句中的主语They代指的是the birds,它和动词give构成被动关系,因此这里应填被动语态,故选C。
【点评】考查情态动词后的被动。
25.C
【解析】句意:我认为不应该把手机带到学校。它可能会影响学生的学习。A应该带;B可能带,主动语态;C应该被带,被动语态;D可能被带,被动语态。根据 It may influence student's study. 它可能会影响学生的学习,可知是表示:不应该,排除BC;再根据主语phones和动词bring"带"之间的被动关系,可知应用含情态动词should的被动语态:should be+过去分词。故选C。
【点评】考查含情态动词的被动语态。注意熟记含情态动词的被动语态的结构:情态动词 be+过去分词。
26.A
【解析】句意:——汤姆总是粗心地做作业。你能帮他吗?——没问题!我认为应该告诉他出发前三思而后行。tell告诉,tell sb to do sth告诉某人做某事,为主动语态,被动语态为:sb + be+过去分词 +to do sth。根据上文Tom is always careless with his school work. 可知他被告诉出发前三思而后行,用情态动词的被动语态should be +过去分词,故选A。
【点评】考查情态动词的被动语态的构成。根据上文的语境,确定主语与动词之间的关系,确定语态。
27.B
【解析】句意:—对乡村的孩子来说过河去上学很难。—我认为河上应该修建一座桥。bridge是宾语从句的主语,是谓语动词build的承受者,二者构成被动关系,所以用被动语态。又根据上文It's difficult for the village children to cross the river to get to school.对话描述的是现在的情况可排除A,C;根据I think 可知这是提建议,所以过河难应该建一座桥,故本题会用到情态动词should,情态动词的被动语态构成:情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词,故答案选B。
【点评】此题考查情态动词的被动语态。
28.B
【解析】句意:——我认为我们学校的一些规定应该被改变。——也许你是对的。根据rules规则,可知被改变,故用被动语态。含有情态动词should的被动语态结构是:should be+过去分词。故选B。
【点评】本题考查含情态动词的被动语态,注意含有情态动词的被动语态结构是:情态动词+ be+过去分词
29.D
【解析】句意:我们的教室每天下午必须打扫。主语classroom是被打扫的对象,其谓语动词应用被动语态,因为含有情态动词,故整个句子为含有情态动词的被动语态。故答案为D。
【点评】考查被动语态。
30.B
【解析】句意:——你的家庭作业必须准时上交吗?——是的,当然。must必须,一定;need需要。由问句on time和答语of course,可知用必须must;homework与hand in上交,之间是动宾关系,用情态动词must的被动语态must be+过去分词,hand的过去分词handed,故选B。
【点评】考查含情态动词的被动语态。根据主语与动词之前的关系,确定语态,由句中的关键词确定情态动词。
31.D
【解析】句意:在唐代,长安街上可以看到大量来自不同国家的外国人。 would be found将被发现,含有情态动词的被动语态;has been found已经被发现,现在完成时的被动语态;is found被发现,一般现在时的被动语态;could be found能看到,能发现,含有情态动词的被动语态;根据句意可知这里表示可以看到,能看到,用could,故答案为D。
【点评】考查含有情态动词的被动语态。理解句意并识记could的用法。
32.B
【解析】句意:——食品安全非常重要。——因此,必须制定一些规则,防止人们污染食品。固定短语make sb do sth,让某人做某事;因make与主语some rules存在动宾关系,谓语动词要用被动语态;make sb do sth变为被动语态时,动词不定式符号 to要带上,故选B。
【点评】考查含有情态动词的被动语态的基本结构。注意make sb do sth的用法。
33.B
【解析】句意:艺术不仅能给别人带来快乐,而且它也展示出,一点小创意就能使冰冷坚硬的铁产生活力。A.恢复;B.被恢复(被动语态);C.出版,生产。根据句意可知,主语cold, hard iron与谓语bring back之间为被动关系be done,且空前有情态动词,故选B。
【点评】考查情态动词的被动语态。根据主语和谓语之间的主被动关系确定句子的主被动语态。
34.B
【解析】句意:当我来上课时,我在书桌上发现了这本书。它可能是上一节课的某个学生留下的,但我不确定。may可能;must必须。根据语境"It...by one of the students in the earlier class, but I'm not sure of it."可知,此处表示某种可能性,需用情态动词may。It指代前文提到的book,与谓语动词之间leave之间是被动关系,需用情态动词的被动语态,即:情态动词+be+动词过去分词,故选B。
【点评】考查情态动词的被动语态结构。注意识记情态动词的被动语态结构。
35.B
【解析】句意:——在一月份,教育部部长宣布不允许带手机进中小学。——这项规则的目的是帮助学生集中注意力在学习上,避免沉迷于游戏。allow,及物动词,允许,在从句中与couldn't共同构成谓语,与主语是动宾关系,allow要用被动be allowed形式;固定搭配lose oneself in,沉迷于,故选B。
【点评】考查被动语态、固定搭配。识记被动语态的用法及短语lose oneself in。
36.A
【解析】句意:—对于山村的这些孩子穿过这条河上学是困难的,—我认为应当在河的上面建一座桥。should be done应当被允许做某事根据题意故选A
【点评】此题考查情态动词的被动语态的用法。
37.B
【解析】句意:——这个布袋太旧了。我想把它扔掉。——我觉得这不是个好主意。为了节约能源,应该使用更长的时间!A.应该使用;B.应该被使用,被动语态;C.使用。it代指the cloth bag,use使用,实义动词。主语it是动作use的承受者,所以用被动语态,should是情态动词,含有情态动词的被动语态结构是情态动词+be+动词过去分词,used过去分词是used,故选B。
【点评】考查含有情态动词的被动语态。
38.D
【解析】句意:+爸爸,我可以玩一会电脑吗?——不行。你还没有做你的作业。作业应该先被完成。A.已经完成,现在完成时;B.应该完成,主动语态;C.被完成,一般过去时的被动语态;D.应该被完成,情态动词的被动语态。根据You haven't done your homework yet. 你还没有做你的作业,可知作业还没完成;再根据主语it,可知应用被动语态。故选D。
【点评】考查情态动词的被动语态。注意掌握含有情态动词的被动语态的结构:情态动词+ be+过去分词。
39.C
【解析】句意:——为了使我们的城市更加美丽,每年应该种更多的树和花。will plant一般将来时,will be planted一般将来时的被动语态,should plant应该种植,用于主动语态,should be planted,应该被种植,用于被动语态。every year每年,用于一般现在时,排除答案A和D;主语more trees and flowers是动作的承受者,谓语动词要用被动语态,结合句意,此处指的是“每年应该种更多的树和花”,故选:C。
【点评】考查动词的时态及语态。掌握含有情态动词的被动语态用法及结构:情态动词+be+过去分词。
40.B
【解析】句意:现今很多信息可以在线接收。信息是被接收,故用被动语态。而且句中含有情态动词can,故选B。
【点评】考查被动语态。
41.C
【解析】句意:——不要把今天的工作推迟到明天,我的意思是今天的工作今天就应该完成。——好的,怀特先生。should,应该,may,可能,根据I mean,可知表示建议用情态动词should,主语work和谓语动词do是被动关系。故用情态动词的被动语态,should be done,故选C。
【点评】考查动词辨析,含情态动词的被动语态,注意识记should be done的用法。
42.A
【解析】句意:同样的信息可以在网站上阅读或收听。根据题意可知,主语是动作的承受者,故用被动语态,排除C、D,本句的逻辑宾语information,listened是不及物动词,故填listened to,故选A。
【点评】考查被动语态,注意识记listened to的用法。
43.A
【解析】句意:-交通车辆太繁忙,我们不得不开慢点。-我认为在我们城市更多的新路应当被建设。根据句意及题干分析此题是含有情态动词的被动语态,情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词。所以是should be built,故选A
【点评】本题考查含有情态动词的被动语态的结构为情态动词+be+过去分词。
44.B
【解析】句意:——大多数父母要求孩子必须遵守家庭规则。——是的,他们希望自己的孩子诚实、善良、独立。A.正在遵守,现在进行时;B.被遵守,被动语态;C.遵守,一般现在时。主语rules是动作follow的承受者,must是情态动词,含有情态动词的被动语态,结构是情态动词+be+动词过去分词,故选B。
【点评】考查被动语态,首先理解选项区别,然后识记含义情态动词的被动语态结构。
45.C
【解析】句意:——我今天下午必须完成家庭作业吗 ——不,不必。可以在周五之前完成。can可以;must必须;根据“No, you needn't."可知问句中要用情态动词must。“家庭作业"是动作“完成”的承受者,需要被动语态,can be+过去分词,可知,第二空用情态动词是can,表示“可以"。故选C。
【点评】考查动词辨析和含情态动词的被动语态。注意根据语境选择正确的语态。
46.B
【解析】句意:会议开始前,所有的手机都必须关闭。turn off关掉,主动语态;be turned off被动语态;be turning off进行时;turned off一般过去时;根据主语mobile phone和动词turn off的关系,可知是动作的承受者,应该用被动语态。故答案为B。
【点评】考查被动语态。注意识记被动语态的构成和用法。
47.D
【解析】句意为:——我应该什么时候交卷子?——铃声一响你的卷子就必须得交上来。根据as soon as“一……就……”引导的时间状语从句时态为主将从现,可知从句用一般现在时;主语your paper与上交之间是被动关系,用被动语态be+过去分词。故选D。
【点评】本题考查含有情态动词的被动语态和状语从句。
48.D
【解析】句意:—我认为不应该允许十六岁的人开车。—我同意,在那个年龄他们还不够严肃。“允许十六岁的人开车”,sixteen-year- olds作主语,用被动语态。A、C都是主动语态,错了。带有情态动词的被动语态,由情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词构成。B need be allowed, 需要被允许;D should be allowed应该被允许,根据句义,正确选D。
49.D
【解析】句意:旧东西可以被好好利用,所以我们不能把它们扔掉。put to good use 好好利用;throw away扔掉。主语things与动词put为被动关系,应用被动语态,可知此处应用be put to good use;主语为things,复数含义,可知此处应用them指代,人称代词宾格应放在动词后,副词前,可知此处应用throw them away,故选D。
【点评】考查被动语态,注意识记动词的被动语态和人称代词的用法。
50.A
【解析】句意为:孩子们,图书馆的书应该被好好保管。根据主语books和take care of可知,语态用被动语态。含情态动词should的被动语态形式为:should+be+过去分词,take的过去分词为taken。故选A。
【点评】本题含有情态动词的被动语态,掌握情态动词should的被动语态形式为:should+be+过去分词。
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