(共111张PPT)
规范标准提升练(四)
(时间：100分钟 满分：120分)
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
(2025·湖北十堰三模)From fashionable current affairs reports to the distant past，these podcasts (播客) take the mystery out of history．
The Rest Is History
Two men quietly fill your brain with knowledge in an entertaining way．Tackling everything from the history of the World Cup to significant historical events，the two combine total command of their subjects with much enjoyable silliness and some terrible impressions．
Slow Burn
Slow Burn takes deep dives into modern American history．Created by Slate，episodes (集) are hosted by various presenters，and are typically attractive from beginning to end．Often，these are moments in history you've already known about，but might never learn about in this much detail before．These seriously in-depth explainers will keep you addicted to an entire learning trip．
In Our Time
Running weekly from 1998，the popular show hosted by Melvyn Bragg is more than just a history program．With over 1，000 episodes available to download，it covers many straightforward history topics．However，In Our Time mainly explores the big ideas and philosophical concepts that have shaped humanity．
A History of the World in 100 Objects
The excellent bite-size journey through the history of the world initially aired in 2010 and probably wasn't called a podcast，but it lives on in that form．Narrated by an art historian，it does exactly what the title suggests，serving as a loosely chronological guide to human civilization through the artifacts we have created，from primitive tools to world-famous pieces of art．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了包括The Rest Is History等在内的四款播客，这些播客涵盖历史各领域，以多样形式带听众探索历史奥秘 。
1．How does Slow Burn differ from other podcasts
A．It covers unknown American history．
B．It is available for download．
C．It offers details of historic events．
D．It is created by different presenters．
√
C [细节理解题。根据Slow Burn部分“Often，these are moments in history you've already known about，but might never learned about in this much detail before．These seriously in-depth explainers will keep you addicted to an entire learning trip．”可知，Slow Burn播客的不同之处在于它提供历史事件的细节。]
2．Which best suits those who want to know about the development of humanity best
A．The Rest Is History．
B．Slow Burn．
C．In Our Time．
D．A History of the World in 100 Objects．
√
C [细节理解题。根据In Our Time部分“However，In Our Time mainly explores the big ideas and philosophical concepts that have shaped humanity．”可知，In Our Time最适合那些想了解人类发展的人。]
3．What do we know about A History of the World in 100 Objects
A．It tells history with objects．
B．It is an informal podcast．
C．It focuses on the modern art．
D．It is stated by a famous artist．
√
A [细节理解题。根据A History of the World in 100 Objects部分“Narrated by an art historian，it does exactly what the title suggests，serving as a loosely chronological guide to human civilization through the artifacts we have created，from primitive tools to world-famous pieces of art．”可知，A History of the World in 100 Objects通过物品讲述历史。]
B
(2025·河南开封三模)Antoni Porowski believes in the importance of storytelling through cooking traditions．As the child of Polish parents who immigrated to Montréal，he“felt Polish enough”until the family moved to West Virginia and he began high school．Wanting to hang out with the cool kids，he noticed how he stood out，like bringing cabbage to school for lunch and correcting people who had trouble pronouncing his name．
“When I decided I wanted to pursue acting，I told my dad that I wanted to change my last name to something that sounded a little more American，”says the author，Queer Eye star，and World Food Programme Goodwill Ambassador．“My dad asked，‘Then how will anyone know you're Polish？’ I didn't get it at the time，but I'm glad I didn't go down that road．”He still loves the Polish food he was raised on—like sorrel soup，hunter stew，pierogi，and cabbage rolls—and it remains a constant touchstone in his family．
Porowski's belief that food can tell a person about who they are has inspired his new show，No Taste Like Home，which dives into the heritage of six celebrity guests．On journeys toward cultural and personal discovery，Porowski travels with Awkwafina，Henry Golding，James Marsden，Florence Pugh，Issa Rae，and Justin Theroux to South Korea，Malaysian Borneo，Germany，the United Kingdom，Senegal，and Italy．Through sharing family stories and connections with food，the documentary examines each person's rich heritage through their ancestors' cooking traditions．
“We have a responsibility as humans to make sure we tell stories around our family's beloved dishes，”he says．“When you know where you came from，it helps give you a foundation for moving forward on your own path．”
We connected with Porowski in San Francisco．He talked about the show，shared how the experiences have changed him，and looked at his own cultural questions about his family's food traditions．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Antoni Porowski的个人经历以及他在新节目中探寻嘉宾们喜爱的食物背后的传统和身份认同。
4．Why is the detail of Porowisk bringing cabbage to school mentioned
A．To demonstrate his love for cabbage．
B．To show his poor adaption to the new life．
C．To reflect his deeply-rooted Polish identity．
D．To prove his hard work to mix with local kids．
√
C [推理判断题。根据第一段中“he ‘felt Polish enough’”和“he noticed how he stood out，like bringing cabbage to school for lunch”可知，文章提到Porowski带卷心菜去学校是为了反映他根深蒂固的波兰身份认同。]
5．What did Porowisk's father imply according to the second paragraph
A．Acting is a promising career to pursue．
B．It's a good idea to sound more American．
C．Name is an irreplaceable part of the cultural root．
D．Polish food is a real test of the love for the family．
√
C [推理判断题。根据第二段中“I told my dad that I wanted to change my last name to something that sounded a little more American”和“My dad asked，‘Then how will anyone know you're Polish？’ I didn't get it at the time，but I'm glad I didn't go down that road．”可知，作者想把姓氏改得听起来更像美国人，爸爸认为这样别人就不知道作者是波兰人了，由此推知父亲认为名字是文化根源中不可替代的一部分。]
6．What characterized Porowski's new show
A．Celebrity guests' unique life stories．
B．Various destinations and experiences．
C．The bond between celebrity guests and their ancestors．
D．The cultural traditions hidden behind the celebrity guests' beloved dishes．
√
D [推理判断题。根据第三段中“Through sharing family stories and connections with food，the documentary examines each person's rich heritage through their ancestors' cooking traditions．”和第四段“‘We have a responsibility as humans to make sure we tell stories around our family's beloved dishes，’ he says．‘When you know where you came from，it helps give you a foundation for moving forward on your own path．’”可知，隐藏在明星嘉宾喜爱菜肴背后的文化传统是该节目的特点。]
7．Where is the text probably from
A．A textbook． B．A magazine．
C．A travel guide． D．An interview．
√
B [推理判断题。根据最后一段“We connected with Porowski in San Francisco．He talked about the show，shared how the experiences have changed him，and looked at his own cultural questions about his family's food traditions．”和文章的叙述风格可知，该文章取自杂志。]
C
An estimated 55 million people worldwide live with dementia (痴呆)，a number that's expected to rise．To find treatments that can slow or prevent the disease，scientists need to better understand the factors relating to dementia．Researchers at Tufts University have recently completed a new study in this field and announced a groundbreaking finding．
“Many studies have involved dietary or nutritional factors in cognitive (认知的) performance or function in older adults，including many studies of vitamin D．But all of them are based on either dietary intakes or blood measures of vitamin D，”said lead author Kyla Shea．“We wanted to investigate if vitamin D is even present in the brain，and if it is，how those concentrations are linked to cognitive decline．”
In the new study，researchers examined samples of brain tissue from 290 participants in the Rush Memory and Aging Project．They looked for vitamin D in several regions of the brain，among which two are associated with changes linked to Alzheimer's disease and one is associated with forms of dementia linked to blood flow．
The researchers revealed vitamin D was present in brain tissue．They also noticed high levels of vitamin D in the four regions of the brain contributed to better cognitive health．“This research reinforces the importance of studying how nutritional substances help protect the aging brain against diseases such as Alzheimer's disease，”said corresponding author Sarah Booth．
However，the levels of vitamin D in the brain didn't associate with any of the physiological (生理的) markers related to Alzheimer's disease in the brain studied，including amyloid plaques，a kind of protein，the buildup of which represents a characteristic feature of Alzheimer's disease．“Dementia is complicated．Although vitamin D levels positively correlate to cognitive decline，the underlying workings of this vitamin in the brain haven't been well characterized，”Shea says．
Vitamin D is also known to vary between racial and ethnic populations，and most of the participants in the Rush group belong to a particular kind．The researchers are planning follow-up studies to avoid this limitation to further look at brain changes associated with cognitive decline．They hope their work can contribute to better medical interventions soon．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。一项新研究发现大脑中维生素D的含量与认知功能相关，但维生素D的具体作用机制尚不清楚，研究者将跟进研究。
8．What can be inferred about the new study
A．It has a solid theoretical foundation．
B．It offers a novel angle of brain research．
C．It focuses on the effect of nutritional diets．
D．It confirms the findings of previous studies．
√
B [推理判断题。根据第二段可知，先前的许多研究都是基于饮食摄入或血液里维生素D的含量来研究老年人的认知表现，而新研究另辟蹊径从“大脑中是否含有维生素D及其含量与认知能力的关系”这一角度着手研究，故该研究为大脑研究提供了一个新的视角。]
9．What does the underlined word“reinforces”in paragraph 4 mean
A．Contradicts． B．Challenges．
C．Strengthens． D．Assumes．
C [词义猜测题。根据画线词的上一句可知，新研究揭示了大脑中的维生素D含量与认知水平呈正相关，故该研究“强化了”研究营养物质如何帮助保护衰老的大脑免受阿尔茨海默病等疾病侵害的重要性。]
√
10．What remains a mystery to the researchers
A．The role of amyloid plaques in cognitive decline．
B．The specific impact of vitamin D on brain function．
C．The identification of physiological markers of dementia．
D．The link between vitamin D levels and cognitive decline．
√
B [细节理解题。第五段第一句说明了，研究人员没有发现大脑中维生素D的水平与阿尔茨海默病相关的生理标志的关联，再根据该段最后一句可知，维生素D对大脑功能的具体影响仍是一个谜。]
11．How will the researchers probably further improve their study
A．By including a diverse range of samples．
B．By extending the time period of their study．
C．By testing their findings with medical institutes．
D．By seeking inspiration from other similar studies．
√
A [推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Vitamin D is also...this limitation to further look at brain changes associated with cognitive decline．”可知，研究人员下一步将进行更广泛样本的跟进研究。]
D
(2025·陕西咸阳三模)In a pioneering achievement，scientists have successfully transformed light into a“supersolid”，a state of matter that exhibits characteristics of both solids and liquids in the meantime．This remarkable discovery，published in the journal Science，paves the way for novel advancements in condensed-matter (凝聚态物) physics．
A supersolid is a unique state of matter governed by the principles of quantum mechanics．In this state，particles form an organized，crystal structure like a solid，yet they can move freely and fluidly like a liquid without stickness．The lack of stickness means that supersolids can quickly pipe themselves out of any containers．
Ordinary solids are typically static and do not move on their own．However，supersolids possess the ability to change direction and density based on particle interactions while still keeping an orderly network structure．The formation of supersolids requires extremely low temperatures，usually close to absolute zero (minus 459.67 degrees Fahrenheit or minus 273.15 degrees Celsius)．
While supersolids have been previously created from atomic gases，the recent research employed a novel mechanism involving“polariton (极化子)” systems．Polaritons are multiple particles formed by the strong coupling of light and quasiparticles (准粒子) through electromagnetic interactions．These polaritons can concentrate into the lowest possible energy state，similar to certain atomic gases．Namely，light is combined with matter，and together，they can be condensed into a supersolid．
The study of supersolids is crucial because it allows us to observe the effects of tiny interactions between particles without the interference of temperature．By examining the behavior and characteristics of supersolids，we gain insights into the fundamental ways in which atoms and particles are organized．This knowledge helps us understand the world at a basic level．
With further research and development，supersolids hold great potential for various applications．They could be used in quantum computing，superconductors，frictionless oils，and potentially many other applications that we have yet to imagine．The creation of a supersolid from light represents a significant leap forward in this field．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家成功将光转化为“超固体”这一开创性成果。
12．What is a supersolid according to the passage
A．A state of matter that exists only at extremely high temperatures．
B．A state of matter that is both solid and liquid at the same time．
C．A state of matter that is completely solid without liquid properties．
D．A state of matter that is completely liquid without solid properties．
B [细节理解题。根据第一段第一句以及第二段前两句可知，超固体是一种同时具有固体和液体特性的物质状态。]
√
13．What is one of the unique characteristics of supersolids compared to ordinary solids
A．Supersolids can move on their own．
B．Supersolids are always in a liquid state．
C．Supersolids require high temperatures to form．
D．Supersolids cannot change direction or density．
√
A [推理判断题。根据第三段前两句“Ordinary solids are typically static and do not move on their own．However，supersolids possess the ability to change direction and density based on particle interactions while still keeping an orderly network structure．”可知，与普通固体相比，超固体的独特特征之一是它可以自行移动。]
14．What is the role of polaritons in creating the supersolids in paragraph 4
A．Polaritons provide the necessary heat to form the supersolid．
B．Polaritons allow light to be condensed into a supersolid state．
C．Polaritons are used to create a stronger electromagnetic field．
D．Polaritons are used to increase the stickness of the supersolid，
√
B [细节理解题。根据第四段“While supersolids have been previously created from atomic gases...Namely，light is combined with matter，and together，they can be condensed into a supersolid．”可知，极化子的作用是使光凝聚成超固体状态。]
15．What is the passage mainly about
A．The importance of further research into supersolids．
B．The process of transforming light into a supersolid．
C．The features and potential applications of supersolids．
D．The history and potential value of supersolid research．
√
C [主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章第一段介绍了科学家成功将光转化为超固体这一成果，第二段和第三段介绍了超固体的定义和特性，第四段介绍了此次研究中利用极化子系统创造超固体的机制，第五段说明了研究超固体的重要性，第六段阐述了超固体在量子计算等领域的潜在应用。所以文章主要是关于超固体的特征和潜在应用。]
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2025·福建福州模拟)The great irony is that as we become increasingly“connected”—on social media，video calling，and messaging—we still feel increasingly lonely．And even though we may use technology to feel more connected，it may be exactly what's leading us to feel lonely．
What about you？ 16 If not，try some of these strategies to stop feeling lonely．
Talk to strangers．A growing body of research suggests that even seemingly worthless interactions with strangers—like chatting with a cashier—may be able to keep loneliness at bay by helping us feel more socially connected．So reach out to other human beings to say hello，or chat about whatever's on your mind． 17 .
Stop focusing so much on you．It's almost unavoidable in our modern technology-crazed world that we start to believe we don't have enough．Instead of focusing on what you can get，shift your focus to what you can give．You could sell T-shirts online to raise money for a good cause．You could ask friends to donate to a charity for your birthday． 18 These small acts can make a big difference and help you reduce feelings of loneliness．
Connect in real life．Connecting in real life may not be as easy as it once was．We often default (默认) to using our smartphones—it's easier，and now it's culturally accepted． 19 We do this by looking people in the eyes，listening，being mindful，and choosing not be distracted by our phones or other technologies．
20 It's important to practice self-sympathy when you fail at things．There is no need to put yourself down．That kind of attitude won't help you decrease loneliness．Instead，try talking to yourself in a way that is supportive and caring—and you'll be more likely to acknowledge mistakes in trying to decrease loneliness，and hopefully do better next time．
A．Be nice to yourself．
B．Stop your negative thought cycles．
C．Are you feeling socially connected
D．Do you find online interactions less satisfying
E．It helps you to feel more connected and less lonely．
F．But we can decrease our loneliness if we build stronger personal interaction．
G．By giving to others，you take the focus off yourself and do good at the same time．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了摆脱孤独感的方法。
16．C [根据上文“The great irony is that as we become increasingly‘connected’...And even though we may use technology to feel more connected，it may be exactly what's leading us to feel lonely．”和“What about you？”以及下文“If not，try some of these strategies to stop feeling lonely．”可知，本文主要讲述虽然我们可能会使用技术来感受更紧密的联系，但是依然感觉孤独，之后提出你的感受，下文是回答，所以空处应是进一步提问，C项符合文意，是进一步提问，下文是假设回答。]
17．E [设空位于段尾，是对上文的总结，根据上文“Talk to strangers...So reach out to other human beings to say hello，or chat about whatever's on your mind．”可知，E项介绍了和陌生人打招呼或者聊聊的好处，符合文意。]
18．G [根据上文“Stop focusing so much on you．It's almost unavoidable in our modern technology-crazed world that we start to believe we don't have enough...You could ask friends to donate to a charity for your birthday．”可知，本段主要讲述通过给予来减少孤独，所以G项符合本段主题，是对上文的总结。]
19．F [根据上文“Connect in real life...and now it's culturally accepted．”以及下文“We do this by looking people in the eyes，listening，being mindful，and choosing not be distracted by our phones or other technologies．”可知，上文提到用手机联系，下文提到我们要看着别人的眼睛，倾听，保持专注，前后是转折关系，所以F项符合文意，和上文构成转折关系，下文是做到这点的方法。]
20．A [设空位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文“It's important to practice self-sympathy when you fail at things...and hopefully do better next time．”可知，本段主要讲述要对自己好一点，所以A项“Be nice to yourself．”符合本段主题。]
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2025·山东聊城二模)Years ago，my father's memory began to be affected by Alzheimer's disease．In an effort to reconnect him with his past，I started 21 the forgotten corners of our old house．On an old bookshelf，I found a(n) 22 but carefully kept datebook．
Though it was just a promotional gift my dad had received，its pages were filled with the 23 of his everyday life：reminders of tasks，social engagements，meetings and so on．Each page seemed to show an aspect of his life that I had never fully 24 ．One entry，dated July 22，was highlighted with“7：30 program，Community Hall”．I was particularly 25 to work out its meaning．
Through 26 with some family friends later，I learned that Dad once 27 a community project．It served disadvantaged families who had difficulty 28 costs of holiday entertainment．As the leader，Dad managed to provide 29 and shared entertainment programs to help enrich community people's lives．
The realization of Dad's 30 left me with admiration．While I didn't organize large-scale events，I found my own way to 31 his goodness．I suggested using his datebook as a conversation starter for our family gatherings，which was 32 welcomed．The practice of sharing stories from the datebook proved to be an amazing way to 33 our family members．In the days that followed，the 34 atmosphere in our home gradually lifted my father's spirits．Dad might be unable to win his fight against the disease，yet his kindness and passion for life have become a key part of our family's shared 35 ．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在父亲患阿尔茨海默病后，发现其旧日程本，了解到他曾做的善举后，传承其善良，温暖了家庭。
21．A．cleaning B．introducing
C．exploring D．repairing
C [考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“On an old bookshelf，I found a(n) ________ but carefully kept datebook．”可知，为了让父亲和过去建立联系，作者去探索老房子。]
√
22．A．expensive B．boring
C．valuable D．ordinary
D [考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文“Though it was just a promotional gift my dad had received”可知，日程本是父亲收到的促销礼品，是一本普通的日程本。故选D。]
√
23．A．issues B．details
C．results D．thoughts
B [考查名词词义辨析。根据“of his everyday life：reminders of tasks，social engagements，meetings and so on”可知，日程本上记录的是日常生活的细节。]
√
24．A．expressed B．refused
C．admitted D．appreciated
D [考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“On an old bookshelf，I found a(n) ________ but carefully kept datebook．”以及下文“One entry，dated July 22，was highlighted with‘7：30 program，Community Hall’．I was particularly ________ to work out its meaning．”可知，作者在父亲患病后发现了日程本，并且想弄清楚其中内容的意思，由此可知，之前作者对于父亲生活的这些方面没有充分理解。]
√
25．A．eager B．upset
C．hesitant D．confident
A [考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文“Through ________ with some family friends later，I learned that Dad once ________ a community project．”可知，之后作者去了解父亲的活动，所以此处表示作者对这个记录感兴趣，渴望弄清楚它的意思。]
√
26．A．plans B．conversations
C．celebrations D．travels
B [考查名词词义辨析。根据下文“with some family friends later”以及语境可知，此处表示通过和家庭朋友的交谈，作者了解到父亲的事情。]
√
27．A．mentioned B．researched
C．advertised D．pioneered
D [考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“As the leader，Dad managed to provide ________ and shared entertainment programs to help enrich community people's lives．”可知，父亲是项目的领导者，推测此处表示父亲开创了这个社区项目。]
√
28．A．counting B．covering
C．sharing D．spending
B [考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“disadvantaged families”以及下文“costs of holiday entertainment”可知，此处表示为难以支付节日娱乐费用的家庭提供帮助，cover the cost是固定搭配，意为“支付费用”。 ]
√
29．A．costly B．professional
C．affordable D．adventurous
C [考查形容词词义辨析。根据上文“It served disadvantaged families who had difficulty _______ costs of holiday entertainment．”可知，这一项目为弱势家庭服务，所以此处表示提供价格合理的娱乐项目。]
√
30．A．reason B．struggle
C．impact D．popularity
C [考查名词词义辨析。根据上文“It served disadvantaged families who had difficulty _______ costs of holiday entertainment．As the leader，Dad managed to provide ________ and shared entertainment programs to help enrich community people's lives．”可知，作者的父亲开创社区项目帮助弱势家庭，所以此处表示父亲产生的影响让作者敬佩。]
√
31．A．honor B．trust
C．awaken D．judge
A [考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“I suggested using his datebook as a conversation starter for our family gatherings，which was ________ welcomed．”可知，作者通过这种方式致敬父亲的善良。故选A。]
√
32．A．hardly B．quietly
C．suddenly D．universally
D [考查副词词义辨析。根据下文“The practice of sharing stories from the datebook proved to be an amazing way to ________ our family members．”可知，这个做法被证明是很棒的方式，所以此处表示受到普遍欢迎。]
√
33．A．treat B．help
C．connect D．challenge
C [考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“I suggested using his datebook as a conversation starter for our family gatherings”以及下文“our family members．In the days that followed，the ________ atmosphere in our home gradually lifted my father's spirits．”可知，在家庭聚会用日程本作为谈话开场白，所以分享日程本上的故事会让家人之间建立联系。]
√
34．A．lively B．strange
C．peaceful D．tense
√
A [考查形容词词义辨析。根据上文“I suggested using his datebook as a conversation starter for our family gatherings，which was ________ welcomed．The practice of sharing stories from the datebook proved to be an amazing way to ________ our family members．”以及下文“atmosphere in our home gradually lifted my father's spirits”可知，在家庭聚会用日程本作为谈话开场白，且这种方式受到欢迎，可推知家庭的氛围是活跃的。]
35．A．secrets B．memories
C．surprises D．contributions
B [考查名词词义辨析。根据上文“I suggested using his datebook as a conversation starter for our family gatherings，which was ________ welcomed．”以及语境可知，作者一家在家庭聚会分享日程本上的故事，赞美了父亲的善良和热情，这成了家庭共同记忆的重要部分。]
√
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2025·四川德阳三模)Chinese calligraphy，celebrated as a bridge between mind and paper，is a profound art form that 36．____________(shape) Chinese culture for thousands of years．Artists use 37．__________(brush) crafted from bamboo and wolf hair to create characters that dance across the page，forming a landscape of ink，38．__________ viewers see thick and thin strokes rise and fall like mountain peaks and valleys．
has shaped
brushes
where
Historians agree that calligraphy originated in ancient oracle bone inscriptions (甲骨文)．The Regular Script ( 楷 书 )，developed during the Han Dynasty，became standard for 39．________(it) clarity，while the Wild Cursive Script，identical to 40．________ (storm)waves，promotes creativity to unprecedented levels．When 41．________
(write)，artists must adjust pressure skillfully to achieve perfect ink balance．Today，this art is recognized globally．Schools
its
stormy
writing
teach calligraphy 42．________(help) students master patience and improve attentiveness．Traditional tools like inkstones (砚台)，carved 43．________ hand in Anhui Province，connect modern learners to ancient traditions．
to help
by
44．_____________ (continuous) preserved through wars and revolutions，calligraphy remains 45．____ living philosophy．Holding a brush dipped in ink，one touches the soul of countless generations who turned words into ever-lasting art．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国书法这一艺术形式，包括其在塑造中国文化方面的重要性、起源、不同字体特点、书写要求、在现代的传承以及其蕴含的哲学意义等内容。
Continuously
a
36．has shaped [考查动词的时态。“for thousands of years”是现在完成时的标志，且主语是第三人称单数，助动词用 has。故填has shaped。]
37．brushes [考查名词复数。这里说的是艺术家们使用毛笔，通常不会只用一支，所以要用复数形式作宾语。故填brushes。]
38．where [考查定语从句。修饰先行词“a landscape of ink”，先行词在从句中作地点状语。故填where。]
39．its [考查代词。这里需要一个形容词性物主代词作定语修饰名词“clarity”。故填its。]
40．stormy [考查词性转换。用形容词作定语来修饰名词 “waves”。故填stormy。]
41．writing [考查非谓语动词。空处为状语从句的省略，完整形式是“When artists are writing”，当从句主语和主句主语一致，且从句中有 be 动词时，可以省略从句的主语和 be 动词。故填writing。]
42．to help [考查非谓语动词。作目的状语用动词不定式。故填to help。]
43．by [考查介词。by hand用手，是固定短语。故填by。]
44．Continuously [考查词性转换。修饰动词 “preserved”用副词作状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Continuously。]
45．a [考查冠词。句意：泛指“一种鲜活的哲学”，且 living 是以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。]
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
(2025·山东淄博二模)口语课上，外教Ryan组织大家围绕“时间管理”开展讨论。请你代表小组就以下安排(如图)发言，内容包括：
1．小组观点；
2．陈述理由。
Weekend Schedule Time Activity
07：00—08：00 Wash up
08：00—09：00 Have breakfast
09：00—12：00 Study
12：00—13：00 Have lunch
Weekend Schedule 13：00—15：00 Play video games
15：00—17：00 Hang out with friends
17：00—18：00 Have dinner
18：00—23：00 Study
注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Hello，everyone!
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
Thanks for listening!
【参考范文】
Hello，everyone!
Our group believes this schedule has both strengths and areas for improvement．
Firstly，dedicating 8 hours to study shows responsibility．The morning session (9—12) aligns with peak brain efficiency，while evening study (18—23) is too long．Continuous learning for 5 hours may reduce productivity．We suggest adding short breaks every hour．
Secondly，balancing entertainment (13—15 video games) and social time (15—17 friends) is wise for relaxation．However，scheduling games right after lunch might affect digestion．Moving it to 14—16 would allow a post-lunch rest．
Overall，the plan values time management but could better balance study intensity and health．
Thanks for listening!
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2025·江西鹰潭二模)Between exams，college applications，and the endless pressure to fit in，high school already felt like a balancing act I could hardly manage．I was worried about making the right choices，meeting everyone's expectations，and preparing myself for a future I wasn't even sure about．
But when I saw the skating club poster in the hallway，something inside me pushed me to give it a try．I'd never skated a day in my life．But I couldn't shake the feeling that this might be exactly what I needed—a break from the usual routine and a chance to challenge myself．
The first Saturday morning practice was rougher than I had imagined．Stepping onto the rink (溜冰场)，I was met with the cold smell of ice and the smooth surface．As I put on the rental skates，my hands shook slightly．As soon as I stepped onto the ice，my legs also shook and I couldn't keep my balance for more than a few seconds at a time．I felt every pair of eyes on me as I skated，and each time I fell，it felt louder and more embarrassing than before．My face burned as I heard laughter from somewhere behind me．
But as I struggled to regain my balance，our coach，Mrs．Lee，skated over and offered a gentle smile．“You don't need to rush．Let's break it down step by step，”she said，guiding me through the basics．She showed me how to keep my balance and my knees slightly bent．“Focus on one thing at a time，”she encouraged．I nodded，feeling slightly better，but the self-doubt still weighed heavily on me．
That night，I went home feeling discouraged but also determined．I knew I had a choice：I could quit，or I could face my embarrassment head-on．After some online research，I found a few videos explaining skating techniques．I learned about posture，weight distribution，and how to use the edges of my skates to catch the ice better．These details gave me something practical to follow，which felt encouraging．
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
During the next few practices，I focused on these key points．
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
I decided to apply what I had learned to dealing with my daily life．
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
During the next few practices，I focused on these key points．Keeping my knees bent and weight centered，I practiced gliding slowly across the rink．Each fall became a lesson rather than a failure．One afternoon，I managed three full laps without stumbling．Mrs．Lee nodded approvingly，“Progress！”But when attempting my first spin，I lost balance and crashed into the
boards．Pain shot through my elbow，yet to my surprise，laughter bubbled up—maybe falling wasn't failure，but part of flying．I wiped the ice off my sleeves and tried again，this time shifting my weight cautiously．By the fifth attempt，I wobbled but stayed upright．
I decided to apply what I had learned to dealing with my daily life．Facing college applications，I broke tasks into smaller steps—researching schools one day，drafting essays the next．When anxiety crept in，I reminded myself to“bend my knees，”staying grounded．In group chats，I stopped nodding to peer opinions and shared my true thoughts，like admitting I preferred indie music over pop．Surprisingly，friends found it refreshing．Just like mastering a
spin，growth required patience and falls．Now，skating isn't just a hobby—it's a metaphor：balance comes from embracing both control and the courage to lean into uncertainty．
谢 谢！规范标准提升练(四)
(时间：100分钟 满分：120分)
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
(2025·湖北十堰三模)From fashionable current affairs reports to the distant past，these podcasts (播客) take the mystery out of history．
The Rest Is History
Two men quietly fill your brain with knowledge in an entertaining way．Tackling everything from the history of the World Cup to significant historical events，the two combine total command of their subjects with much enjoyable silliness and some terrible impressions．
Slow Burn
Slow Burn takes deep dives into modern American history．Created by Slate，episodes (集) are hosted by various presenters，and are typically attractive from beginning to end．Often，these are moments in history you've already known about，but might never learn about in this much detail before．These seriously in-depth explainers will keep you addicted to an entire learning trip．
In Our Time
Running weekly from 1998，the popular show hosted by Melvyn Bragg is more than just a history program．With over 1，000 episodes available to download，it covers many straightforward history topics．However，In Our Time mainly explores the big ideas and philosophical concepts that have shaped humanity．
A History of the World in 100 Objects
The excellent bite-size journey through the history of the world initially aired in 2010 and probably wasn't called a podcast，but it lives on in that form．Narrated by an art historian，it does exactly what the title suggests，serving as a loosely chronological guide to human civilization through the artifacts we have created，from primitive tools to world-famous pieces of art．
1．How does Slow Burn differ from other podcasts
A．It covers unknown American history．
B．It is available for download．
C．It offers details of historic events．
D．It is created by different presenters．
2．Which best suits those who want to know about the development of humanity best
A．The Rest Is History．
B．Slow Burn．
C．In Our Time．
D．A History of the World in 100 Objects．
3．What do we know about A History of the World in 100 Objects
A．It tells history with objects．
B．It is an informal podcast．
C．It focuses on the modern art．
D．It is stated by a famous artist．
B
(2025·河南开封三模)Antoni Porowski believes in the importance of storytelling through cooking traditions．As the child of Polish parents who immigrated to Montréal，he“felt Polish enough”until the family moved to West Virginia and he began high school．Wanting to hang out with the cool kids，he noticed how he stood out，like bringing cabbage to school for lunch and correcting people who had trouble pronouncing his name．
“When I decided I wanted to pursue acting，I told my dad that I wanted to change my last name to something that sounded a little more American，”says the author，Queer Eye star，and World Food Programme Goodwill Ambassador．“My dad asked，‘Then how will anyone know you're Polish？’ I didn't get it at the time，but I'm glad I didn't go down that road．”He still loves the Polish food he was raised on—like sorrel soup，hunter stew，pierogi，and cabbage rolls—and it remains a constant touchstone in his family．
Porowski's belief that food can tell a person about who they are has inspired his new show，No Taste Like Home，which dives into the heritage of six celebrity guests．On journeys toward cultural and personal discovery，Porowski travels with Awkwafina，Henry Golding，James Marsden，Florence Pugh，Issa Rae，and Justin Theroux to South Korea，Malaysian Borneo，Germany，the United Kingdom，Senegal，and Italy．Through sharing family stories and connections with food，the documentary examines each person's rich heritage through their ancestors' cooking traditions．
“We have a responsibility as humans to make sure we tell stories around our family's beloved dishes，”he says．“When you know where you came from，it helps give you a foundation for moving forward on your own path．”
We connected with Porowski in San Francisco．He talked about the show，shared how the experiences have changed him，and looked at his own cultural questions about his family's food traditions．
4．Why is the detail of Porowisk bringing cabbage to school mentioned
A．To demonstrate his love for cabbage．
B．To show his poor adaption to the new life．
C．To reflect his deeply-rooted Polish identity．
D．To prove his hard work to mix with local kids．
5．What did Porowisk's father imply according to the second paragraph
A．Acting is a promising career to pursue．
B．It's a good idea to sound more American．
C．Name is an irreplaceable part of the cultural root．
D．Polish food is a real test of the love for the family．
6．What characterized Porowski's new show
A．Celebrity guests' unique life stories．
B．Various destinations and experiences．
C．The bond between celebrity guests and their ancestors．
D．The cultural traditions hidden behind the celebrity guests' beloved dishes．
7．Where is the text probably from
A．A textbook． B．A magazine．
C．A travel guide． D．An interview．
C
An estimated 55 million people worldwide live with dementia (痴呆)，a number that's expected to rise．To find treatments that can slow or prevent the disease，scientists need to better understand the factors relating to dementia．Researchers at Tufts University have recently completed a new study in this field and announced a groundbreaking finding．
“Many studies have involved dietary or nutritional factors in cognitive (认知的) performance or function in older adults，including many studies of vitamin D．But all of them are based on either dietary intakes or blood measures of vitamin D，”said lead author Kyla Shea．“We wanted to investigate if vitamin D is even present in the brain，and if it is，how those concentrations are linked to cognitive decline．”
In the new study，researchers examined samples of brain tissue from 290 participants in the Rush Memory and Aging Project．They looked for vitamin D in several regions of the brain，among which two are associated with changes linked to Alzheimer's disease and one is associated with forms of dementia linked to blood flow．
The researchers revealed vitamin D was present in brain tissue．They also noticed high levels of vitamin D in the four regions of the brain contributed to better cognitive health．“This research reinforces the importance of studying how nutritional substances help protect the aging brain against diseases such as Alzheimer's disease，”said corresponding author Sarah Booth．
However，the levels of vitamin D in the brain didn't associate with any of the physiological (生理的) markers related to Alzheimer's disease in the brain studied，including amyloid plaques，a kind of protein，the buildup of which represents a characteristic feature of Alzheimer's disease．“Dementia is complicated．Although vitamin D levels positively correlate to cognitive decline，the underlying workings of this vitamin in the brain haven't been well characterized，”Shea says．
Vitamin D is also known to vary between racial and ethnic populations，and most of the participants in the Rush
Group belong to a particular kind．The researchers are planning follow-up studies to avoid this limitation to further look at brain changes associated with cognitive decline．They hope their work can contribute to better medical interventions soon．
8．What can be inferred about the new study
A．It has a solid theoretical foundation．
B．It offers a novel angle of brain research．
C．It focuses on the effect of nutritional diets．
D．It confirms the findings of previous studies．
9．What does the underlined word“reinforces”in paragraph 4 mean
A．Contradicts． B．Challenges．
C．Strengthens． D．Assumes．
10．What remains a mystery to the researchers
A．The role of amyloid plaques in cognitive decline．
B．The specific impact of vitamin D on brain function．
C．The identification of physiological markers of dementia．
D．The link between vitamin D levels and cognitive decline．
11．How will the researchers probably further improve their study
A．By including a diverse range of samples．
B．By extending the time period of their study．
C．By testing their findings with medical institutes．
D．By seeking inspiration from other similar studies．
D
(2025·陕西咸阳三模)In a pioneering achievement，scientists have successfully transformed light into a“supersolid”，a state of matter that exhibits characteristics of both solids and liquids in the meantime．This remarkable discovery，published in the journal Science，paves the way for novel advancements in condensed-matter (凝聚态物) physics．
A supersolid is a unique state of matter governed by the principles of quantum mechanics．In this state，particles form an organized，crystal structure like a solid，yet they can move freely and fluidly like a liquid without stickness．The lack of stickness means that supersolids can quickly pipe themselves out of any containers．
Ordinary solids are typically static and do not move on their own．However，supersolids possess the ability to change direction and density based on particle interactions while still keeping an orderly network structure．The formation of supersolids requires extremely low temperatures，usually close to absolute zero (minus 459.67 degrees Fahrenheit or minus 273.15 degrees Celsius)．
While supersolids have been previously created from atomic gases，the recent research employed a novel mechanism involving“polariton (极化子)” systems．Polaritons are multiple particles formed by the strong coupling of light and quasiparticles (准粒子) through electromagnetic interactions．These polaritons can concentrate into the lowest possible energy state，similar to certain atomic gases．Namely，light is combined with matter，and together，they can be condensed into a supersolid．
The study of supersolids is crucial because it allows us to observe the effects of tiny interactions between particles without the interference of temperature．By examining the behavior and characteristics of supersolids，we gain insights into the fundamental ways in which atoms and particles are organized．This knowledge helps us understand the world at a basic level．
With further research and development，supersolids hold great potential for various applications．They could be used in quantum computing，superconductors，frictionless oils，and potentially many other applications that we have yet to imagine．The creation of a supersolid from light represents a significant leap forward in this field．
12．What is a supersolid according to the passage
A．A state of matter that exists only at extremely high temperatures．
B．A state of matter that is both solid and liquid at the same time．
C．A state of matter that is completely solid without liquid properties．
D．A state of matter that is completely liquid without solid properties．
13．What is one of the unique characteristics of supersolids compared to ordinary solids
A．Supersolids can move on their own．
B．Supersolids are always in a liquid state．
C．Supersolids require high temperatures to form．
D．Supersolids cannot change direction or density．
14．What is the role of polaritons in creating the supersolids in paragraph 4
A．Polaritons provide the necessary heat to form the supersolid．
B．Polaritons allow light to be condensed into a supersolid state．
C．Polaritons are used to create a stronger electromagnetic field．
D．Polaritons are used to increase the stickness of the supersolid，
15．What is the passage mainly about
A．The importance of further research into supersolids．
B．The process of transforming light into a supersolid．
C．The features and potential applications of supersolids．
D．The history and potential value of supersolid research．
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2025·福建福州模拟)The great irony is that as we become increasingly“connected”—on social media，video calling，and messaging—we still feel increasingly lonely．And even though we may use technology to feel more connected，it may be exactly what's leading us to feel lonely．
What about you？ 16 If not，try some of these strategies to stop feeling lonely．
Talk to strangers．A growing body of research suggests that even seemingly worthless interactions with strangers—like chatting with a cashier—may be able to keep loneliness at bay by helping us feel more socially connected．So reach out to other human beings to say hello，or chat about whatever's on your mind． 17
Stop focusing so much on you．It's almost unavoidable in our modern technology-crazed world that we start to believe we don't have enough．Instead of focusing on what you can get，shift your focus to what you can give．You could sell T-shirts online to raise money for a good cause．You could ask friends to donate to a charity for your birthday． 18 These small acts can make a big difference and help you reduce feelings of loneliness．
Connect in real life．Connecting in real life may not be as easy as it once was．We often default (默认) to using our smartphones—it's easier，and now it's culturally accepted． 19 We do this by looking people in the eyes，listening，being mindful，and choosing not be distracted by our phones or other technologies．
20 It's important to practice self-sympathy when you fail at things．There is no need to put yourself down．That kind of attitude won't help you decrease loneliness．Instead，try talking to yourself in a way that is supportive and caring—and you'll be more likely to acknowledge mistakes in trying to decrease loneliness，and hopefully do better next time．
A．Be nice to yourself．
B．Stop your negative thought cycles．
C．Are you feeling socially connected
D．Do you find online interactions less satisfying
E．It helps you to feel more connected and less lonely．
F．But we can decrease our loneliness if we build stronger personal interaction．
G．By giving to others，you take the focus off yourself and do good at the same time．
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2025·山东聊城二模)Years ago，my father's memory began to be affected by Alzheimer's disease．In an effort to reconnect him with his past，I started 21 the forgotten corners of our old house．On an old bookshelf，I found a(n) 22 but carefully kept datebook．
Though it was just a promotional gift my dad had received，its pages were filled with the 23 of his everyday life：reminders of tasks，social engagements，meetings and so on．Each page seemed to show an aspect of his life that I had never fully 24 ．One entry，dated July 22，was highlighted with“7：30 program，Community Hall”．I was particularly 25 to work out its meaning．
Through 26 with some family friends later，I learned that Dad once 27 a community project．It served disadvantaged families who had difficulty 28 costs of holiday entertainment．As the leader，Dad managed to provide 29 and shared entertainment programs to help enrich community people's lives．
The realization of Dad's 30 left me with admiration．While I didn't organize large-scale events，I found my own way to 31 his goodness．I suggested using his datebook as a conversation starter for our family gatherings，which was 32 welcomed．The practice of sharing stories from the datebook proved to be an amazing way to 33 our family members．In the days that followed，the 34 atmosphere in our home gradually lifted my father's spirits．Dad might be unable to win his fight against the disease，yet his kindness and passion for life have become a key part of our family's shared 35 ．
21．A．cleaning B．introducing
C．exploring D．repairing
22．A．expensive B．boring
C．valuable D．ordinary
23．A．issues B．details
C．results D．thoughts
24．A．expressed B．refused
C．admitted D．appreciated
25．A．eager B．upset
C．hesitant D．confident
26．A．plans B．conversations
C．celebrations D．travels
27．A．mentioned B．researched
C．advertised D．pioneered
28．A．counting B．covering
C．sharing D．spending
29．A．costly B．professional
C．affordable D．adventurous
30．A．reason B．struggle
C．impact D．popularity
31．A．honor B．trust
C．awaken D．judge
32．A．hardly B．quietly
C．suddenly D．universally
33．A．treat B．help
C．connect D．challenge
34．A．lively B．strange
C．peaceful D．tense
35．A．secrets B．memories
C．surprises D．contributions
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2025·四川德阳三模)Chinese calligraphy，celebrated as a bridge between mind and paper，is a profound art form that 36．________(shape) Chinese culture for thousands of years．Artists use 37．_______(brush) crafted from bamboo and wolf hair to create characters that dance across the page，forming a landscape of ink，38．________ viewers see thick and thin strokes rise and fall like mountain peaks and valleys．
Historians agree that calligraphy originated in ancient oracle bone inscriptions (甲骨文)．The Regular Script ( 楷 书 )，developed during the Han Dynasty，became standard for 39．________(it) clarity，while the Wild Cursive Script，identical to 40．________ (storm)waves，promotes creativity to unprecedented levels．When 41．________(write)，artists must adjust pressure skillfully to achieve perfect ink balance．Today，this art is recognized globally．Schools teach calligraphy 42．________(help) students master patience and improve attentiveness．Traditional tools like inkstones (砚台)，carved 43．________ hand in Anhui Province，connect modern learners to ancient traditions．
44．________ (continuous) preserved through wars and revolutions，calligraphy remains 45．_______ living philosophy．Holding a brush dipped in ink，one touches the soul of countless generations who turned words into ever-lasting art．
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
(2025·山东淄博二模)口语课上，外教Ryan组织大家围绕“时间管理”开展讨论。请你代表小组就以下安排(如图)发言，内容包括：
1．小组观点；
2．陈述理由。
Weekend Schedule
Time Activity
07：00—08：00 Wash up
08：00—09：00 Have breakfast
09：00—12：00 Study
12：00—13：00 Have lunch
13：00—15：00 Play video games
15：00—17：00 Hang out with friends
17：00—18：00 Have dinner
18：00—23：00 Study
注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Hello，everyone!
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Thanks for listening!
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2025·江西鹰潭二模)Between exams，college applications，and the endless pressure to fit in，high school already felt like a balancing act I could hardly manage．I was worried about making the right choices，meeting everyone's expectations，and preparing myself for a future I wasn't even sure about．
But when I saw the skating club poster in the hallway，something inside me pushed me to give it a try．I'd never skated a day in my life．But I couldn't shake the feeling that this might be exactly what I needed—a break from the usual routine and a chance to challenge myself．
The first Saturday morning practice was rougher than I had imagined．Stepping onto the rink (溜冰场)，I was met with the cold smell of ice and the smooth surface．As I put on the rental skates，my hands shook slightly．As soon as I stepped onto the ice，my legs also shook and I couldn't keep my balance for more than a few seconds at a time．I felt every pair of eyes on me as I skated，and each time I fell，it felt louder and more embarrassing than before．My face burned as I heard laughter from somewhere behind me．
But as I struggled to regain my balance，our coach，Mrs．Lee，skated over and offered a gentle smile．“You don't need to rush．Let's break it down step by step，”she said，guiding me through the basics．She showed me how to keep my balance and my knees slightly bent．“Focus on one thing at a time，”she encouraged．I nodded，feeling slightly better，but the self-doubt still weighed heavily on me．
That night，I went home feeling discouraged but also determined．I knew I had a choice：I could quit，or I could face my embarrassment head-on．After some online research，I found a few videos explaining skating techniques．I learned about posture，weight distribution，and how to use the edges of my skates to catch the ice better．These details gave me something practical to follow，which felt encouraging．
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
During the next few practices，I focused on these key points． ______________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
I decided to apply what I had learned to dealing with my daily life． __________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
规范标准提升练(四)
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了包括The Rest Is History等在内的四款播客，这些播客涵盖历史各领域，以多样形式带听众探索历史奥秘 。
1．C [细节理解题。根据Slow Burn部分“Often，these are moments in history you've already known about，but might never learned about in this much detail before．These seriously indepth explainers will keep you addicted to an entire learning trip．”可知，Slow Burn播客的不同之处在于它提供历史事件的细节。]
2．C [细节理解题。根据In Our Time部分“However，In Our Time mainly explores the big ideas and philosophical concepts that have shaped humanity．”可知，In Our Time最适合那些想了解人类发展的人。]
3．A [细节理解题。根据A History of the World in 100 Objects部分“Narrated by an art historian，it does exactly what the title suggests，serving as a loosely chronological guide to human civilization through the artifacts we have created，from primitive tools to worldfamous pieces of art．”可知，A History of the World in 100 Objects通过物品讲述历史。]
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Antoni Porowski的个人经历以及他在新节目中探寻嘉宾们喜爱的食物背后的传统和身份认同。
4．C [推理判断题。根据第一段中“he ‘felt Polish enough’”和“he noticed how he stood out，like bringing cabbage to school for lunch”可知，文章提到Porowski带卷心菜去学校是为了反映他根深蒂固的波兰身份认同。]
5．C [推理判断题。根据第二段中“I told my dad that I wanted to change my last name to something that sounded a little more American”和“My dad asked，‘Then how will anyone know you're Polish？’ I didn't get it at the time，but I'm glad I didn't go down that road．”可知，作者想把姓氏改得听起来更像美国人，爸爸认为这样别人就不知道作者是波兰人了，由此推知父亲认为名字是文化根源中不可替代的一部分。]
6．D [推理判断题。根据第三段中“Through sharing family stories and connections with food，the documentary examines each person's rich heritage through their ancestors' cooking traditions．”和第四段“‘We have a responsibility as humans to make sure we tell stories around our family's beloved dishes，’ he says．‘When you know where you came from，it helps give you a foundation for moving forward on your own path．’”可知，隐藏在明星嘉宾喜爱菜肴背后的文化传统是该节目的特点。]
7．B [推理判断题。根据最后一段“We connected with Porowski in San Francisco．He talked about the show，shared how the experiences have changed him，and looked at his own cultural questions about his family's food traditions．”和文章的叙述风格可知，该文章取自杂志。]
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。一项新研究发现大脑中维生素D的含量与认知功能相关，但维生素D的具体作用机制尚不清楚，研究者将跟进研究。
8．B [推理判断题。根据第二段可知，先前的许多研究都是基于饮食摄入或血液里维生素D的含量来研究老年人的认知表现，而新研究另辟蹊径从“大脑中是否含有维生素D及其含量与认知能力的关系”这一角度着手研究，故该研究为大脑研究提供了一个新的视角。]
9．C [词义猜测题。根据画线词的上一句可知，新研究揭示了大脑中的维生素D含量与认知水平呈正相关，故该研究“强化了”研究营养物质如何帮助保护衰老的大脑免受阿尔茨海默病等疾病侵害的重要性。]
10．B [细节理解题。第五段第一句说明了，研究人员没有发现大脑中维生素D的水平与阿尔茨海默病相关的生理标志的关联，再根据该段最后一句可知，维生素D对大脑功能的具体影响仍是一个谜。]
11．A [推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Vitamin D is also...this limitation to further look at brain changes associated with cognitive decline．”可知，研究人员下一步将进行更广泛样本的跟进研究。]
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家成功将光转化为“超固体”这一开创性成果。
12．B [细节理解题。根据第一段第一句以及第二段前两句可知，超固体是一种同时具有固体和液体特性的物质状态。]
13．A [推理判断题。根据第三段前两句“Ordinary solids are typically static and do not move on their own．However，supersolids possess the ability to change direction and density based on particle interactions while still keeping an orderly network structure．”可知，与普通固体相比，超固体的独特特征之一是它可以自行移动。]
14．B [细节理解题。根据第四段“While supersolids have been previously created from atomic gases...Namely，light is combined with matter，and together，they can be condensed into a supersolid．”可知，极化子的作用是使光凝聚成超固体状态。]
15．C [主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章第一段介绍了科学家成功将光转化为超固体这一成果，第二段和第三段介绍了超固体的定义和特性，第四段介绍了此次研究中利用极化子系统创造超固体的机制，第五段说明了研究超固体的重要性，第六段阐述了超固体在量子计算等领域的潜在应用。所以文章主要是关于超固体的特征和潜在应用。]
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了摆脱孤独感的方法。
16．C [根据上文“The great irony is that as we become increasingly‘connected’...And even though we may use technology to feel more connected，it may be exactly what's leading us to feel lonely．”和“What about you？”以及下文“If not，try some of these strategies to stop feeling lonely．”可知，本文主要讲述虽然我们可能会使用技术来感受更紧密的联系，但是依然感觉孤独，之后提出你的感受，下文是回答，所以空处应是进一步提问，C项符合文意，是进一步提问，下文是假设回答。]
17．E [设空位于段尾，是对上文的总结，根据上文“Talk to strangers...So reach out to other human beings to say hello，or chat about whatever's on your mind．”可知，E项介绍了和陌生人打招呼或者聊聊的好处，符合文意。]
18．G [根据上文“Stop focusing so much on you．It's almost unavoidable in our modern technologycrazed world that we start to believe we don't have enough...You could ask friends to donate to a charity for your birthday．”可知，本段主要讲述通过给予来减少孤独，所以G项符合本段主题，是对上文的总结。]
19．F [根据上文“Connect in real life...and now it's culturally accepted．”以及下文“We do this by looking people in the eyes，listening，being mindful，and choosing not be distracted by our phones or other technologies．”可知，上文提到用手机联系，下文提到我们要看着别人的眼睛，倾听，保持专注，前后是转折关系，所以F项符合文意，和上文构成转折关系，下文是做到这点的方法。]
20．A [设空位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文“It's important to practice selfsympathy when you fail at things...and hopefully do better next time．”可知，本段主要讲述要对自己好一点，所以A项“Be nice to yourself．”符合本段主题。]
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在父亲患阿尔茨海默病后，发现其旧日程本，了解到他曾做的善举后，传承其善良，温暖了家庭。
21．C [考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“On an old bookshelf，I found a(n) ________ but carefully kept datebook．”可知，为了让父亲和过去建立联系，作者去探索老房子。]
22．D [考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文“Though it was just a promotional gift my dad had received”可知，日程本是父亲收到的促销礼品，是一本普通的日程本。故选D。]
23．B [考查名词词义辨析。根据“of his everyday life：reminders of tasks，social engagements，meetings and so on”可知，日程本上记录的是日常生活的细节。]
24．D [考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“On an old bookshelf，I found a(n) ________ but carefully kept datebook．”以及下文“One entry，dated July 22，was highlighted with‘7：30 program，Community Hall’．I was particularly ________ to work out its meaning．”可知，作者在父亲患病后发现了日程本，并且想弄清楚其中内容的意思，由此可知，之前作者对于父亲生活的这些方面没有充分理解。]
25．A [考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文“Through ________ with some family friends later，I learned that Dad once ________ a community project．”可知，之后作者去了解父亲的活动，所以此处表示作者对这个记录感兴趣，渴望弄清楚它的意思。]
26．B [考查名词词义辨析。根据下文“with some family friends later”以及语境可知，此处表示通过和家庭朋友的交谈，作者了解到父亲的事情。]
27．D [考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“As the leader，Dad managed to provide ________ and shared entertainment programs to help enrich community people's lives．”可知，父亲是项目的领导者，推测此处表示父亲开创了这个社区项目。]
28．B [考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“disadvantaged families”以及下文“costs of holiday entertainment”可知，此处表示为难以支付节日娱乐费用的家庭提供帮助，cover the cost是固定搭配，意为“支付费用”。 ]
29．C [考查形容词词义辨析。根据上文“It served disadvantaged families who had difficulty ________ costs of holiday entertainment．”可知，这一项目为弱势家庭服务，所以此处表示提供价格合理的娱乐项目。]
30．C [考查名词词义辨析。根据上文“It served disadvantaged families who had difficulty ________ costs of holiday entertainment．As the leader，Dad managed to provide ________ and shared entertainment programs to help enrich community people's lives．”可知，作者的父亲开创社区项目帮助弱势家庭，所以此处表示父亲产生的影响让作者敬佩。]
31．A [考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“I suggested using his datebook as a conversation starter for our family gatherings，which was ________ welcomed．”可知，作者通过这种方式致敬父亲的善良。故选A。]
32．D [考查副词词义辨析。根据下文“The practice of sharing stories from the datebook proved to be an amazing way to ________ our family members．”可知，这个做法被证明是很棒的方式，所以此处表示受到普遍欢迎。]
33．C [考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“I suggested using his datebook as a conversation starter for our family gatherings”以及下文“our family members．In the days that followed，the ________ atmosphere in our home gradually lifted my father's spirits．”可知，在家庭聚会用日程本作为谈话开场白，所以分享日程本上的故事会让家人之间建立联系。]
34．A [考查形容词词义辨析。根据上文“I suggested using his datebook as a conversation starter for our family gatherings，which was ________ welcomed．The practice of sharing stories from the datebook proved to be an amazing way to ________ our family members．”以及下文“atmosphere in our home gradually lifted my father's spirits”可知，在家庭聚会用日程本作为谈话开场白，且这种方式受到欢迎，可推知家庭的氛围是活跃的。]
35．B [考查名词词义辨析。根据上文“I suggested using his datebook as a conversation starter for our family gatherings，which was ________ welcomed．”以及语境可知，作者一家在家庭聚会分享日程本上的故事，赞美了父亲的善良和热情，这成了家庭共同记忆的重要部分。]
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国书法这一艺术形式，包括其在塑造中国文化方面的重要性、起源、不同字体特点、书写要求、在现代的传承以及其蕴含的哲学意义等内容。
36．has shaped [考查动词的时态。“for thousands of years”是现在完成时的标志，且主语是第三人称单数，助动词用 has。故填has shaped。]
37．brushes [考查名词复数。这里说的是艺术家们使用毛笔，通常不会只用一支，所以要用复数形式作宾语。故填brushes。]
38．where [考查定语从句。修饰先行词“a landscape of ink”，先行词在从句中作地点状语。故填where。]
39．its [考查代词。这里需要一个形容词性物主代词作定语修饰名词“clarity”。故填its。]
40．stormy [考查词性转换。用形容词作定语来修饰名词 “waves”。故填stormy。]
41．writing [考查非谓语动词。空处为状语从句的省略，完整形式是“When artists are writing”，当从句主语和主句主语一致，且从句中有 be 动词时，可以省略从句的主语和 be 动词。故填writing。]
42．to help [考查非谓语动词。作目的状语用动词不定式。故填to help。]
43．by [考查介词。by hand用手，是固定短语。故填by。]
44．Continuously [考查词性转换。修饰动词 “preserved”用副词作状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Continuously。]
45．a [考查冠词。句意：泛指“一种鲜活的哲学”，且 living 是以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。]
第三部分 写作
第一节
【参考范文】
Hello，everyone!
Our group believes this schedule has both strengths and areas for improvement．
Firstly，dedicating 8 hours to study shows responsibility．The morning session (9—12) aligns with peak brain efficiency，while evening study (18—23) is too long．Continuous learning for 5 hours may reduce productivity．We suggest adding short breaks every hour．
Secondly，balancing entertainment (13—15 video games) and social time (15—17 friends) is wise for relaxation．However，scheduling games right after lunch might affect digestion．Moving it to 14—16 would allow a postlunch rest．
Overall，the plan values time management but could better balance study intensity and health．
Thanks for listening!
第二节
【参考范文】
During the next few practices，I focused on these key points．Keeping my knees bent and weight centered，I practiced gliding slowly across the rink．Each fall became a lesson rather than a failure．One afternoon，I managed three full laps without stumbling．Mrs．Lee nodded approvingly，“Progress！”But when attempting my first spin，I lost balance and crashed into the boards．Pain shot through my elbow，yet to my surprise，laughter bubbled up—maybe falling wasn't failure，but part of flying．I wiped the ice off my sleeves and tried again，this time shifting my weight cautiously．By the fifth attempt，I wobbled but stayed upright．
I decided to apply what I had learned to dealing with my daily life．Facing college applications，I broke tasks into smaller steps—researching schools one day，drafting essays the next．When anxiety crept in，I reminded myself to“bend my knees，”staying grounded．In group chats，I stopped nodding to peer opinions and shared my true thoughts，like admitting I preferred indie music over pop．Surprisingly，friends found it refreshing．Just like mastering a spin，growth required patience and falls．Now，skating isn't just a hobby—it's a metaphor：balance comes from embracing both control and the courage to lean into uncertainty．
