【弯道超车】Unit 3 The environment 核心语法之被动语态-2026年春沪教牛津版(深圳?广州)九年级英语下册精讲精练 (含答案解析)

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名称 【弯道超车】Unit 3 The environment 核心语法之被动语态-2026年春沪教牛津版(深圳?广州)九年级英语下册精讲精练 (含答案解析)
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更新时间 2026-02-03 00:00:00

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/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
2026年春沪教牛津版(深圳 广州)九年级英语下册核心语法精讲精练
Unit 3 The environment
核心语法:被动语态
一、核心概念
1. 什么是被动语态?
语态:表示主语和谓语动词之间的关系
主动语态:主语是动作的执行者
被动语态:主语是动作的承受者
2. 基本转换公式:
主动:S(主语) + V(谓语) + O(宾语)
被动:S(原宾语) + be + p.p.(过去分词) + (by + 原主语)
二、被动语态的构成
1. 核心结构:be + 过去分词(p.p.)
be动词随时态、人称、数变化
过去分词保持不变
2. 不同时态的被动语态构成表:
时态 主动语态 被动语态结构 例句
一般现在时 do/does am/is/are + p.p. English is spoken in many countries.
一般过去时 did was/were + p.p. The book was written by Lu Xun.
一般将来时 will do will be + p.p. A meeting will be held tomorrow.
现在进行时 am/is/are doing am/is/are being + p.p. The road is being repaired.
现在完成时 have/has done have/has been + p.p. The work has been finished.
含情态动词 情态动词+do 情态动词+be+p.p. The rules must be obeyed.
三、被动语态的用法
1. 使用被动语态的情况:
不知道动作执行者
My wallet was stolen yesterday.(不知道谁偷的)
不需要指出动作执行者
Rice is grown in the south.(不需要指出谁种)
强调动作承受者
This bridge was built in 2020.(强调桥)
出于礼貌或委婉
Some mistakes were made in your work.(委婉)
客观陈述(科技、新闻)
A new hospital will be built here.
2. 不用被动语态的情况:
不及物动词(没有宾语)
例:The accident happened yesterday.(√)
例:The accident was happened yesterday.(×)
连系动词
be, become, seem, feel, look, sound等
表示状态或关系的动词
have, own, possess, belong to, cost, weigh等
例:I have a book.(√)→ A book is had by me.(×)
四、被动语态的转换
主动变被动三步法:
找宾语:主动句宾语 → 被动句主语
变谓语:动词 → be + p.p.(注意时态不变)
加by短语:原主语前加by(可省略)
示例对比表:
主动句 被动句 说明
They speak English. English is spoken (by them). 一般现在时
She wrote a letter. A letter was written (by her). 一般过去时
We will plant trees. Trees will be planted (by us). 一般将来时
He is repairing the bike. The bike is being repaired (by him). 现在进行时
They have cleaned the room. The room has been cleaned (by them). 现在完成时
五、特殊句型的被动语态
1. 双宾语动词的被动语态
主动:He gave me a book.
被动1:I was given a book (by him).(人作主语)
被动2:A book was given to me (by him).(物作主语)
常见双宾动词:
give, show, send, bring, lend, tell, teach, buy, make等
2. 短语动词的被动语态
保持短语动词的完整性
主动:They looked after the children.
被动:The children were looked after.
例:The lights should be turned off when you leave.
常见短语动词:
look at, listen to, take care of, look for, turn on/off, put on等
3. 含有情态动词的被动语态
结构:情态动词 + be + p.p.
例:The work must be done today.
例:This can be finished in an hour.
六、by短语的使用规则
1. 必须用by短语的情况:
动作执行者是句子重点
This song was written by Jay Chou.
动作执行者是特指的人或物
The window was broken by Tom, not by John.
2. 可以省略by短语的情况:
不知道动作执行者
动作执行者不重要
动作执行者是泛指
English is spoken all over the world.(by people省略)
3. 用其他介词代替by的情况:
with(使用工具)
The letter was written with a pen.
in(用某种语言)
The article was written in English.
七、常见错误提醒
1、遗漏be动词(最易错!)
The room cleaned every day.
The room is cleaned every day.
2、be动词形式错误
The books is read by many students.
The books are read by many students.
3、用错过去分词
The letter was wrote yesterday.
The letter was written yesterday.
4、不及物动词用被动
The accident was happened.
The accident happened.
5、短语动词介词遗漏
The children were looked well.
The children were looked after well.
时态错误
The bridge is built last year.
The bridge was built last year.
1.Which things ______ by common people to protect the environment
A.can be B.can do C.can be done D.can be do
2.—Look at the sign! Smoking ________ here.
—I'm really sorry. I'll stop right now.
A.isn't allowing B.isn't allowed C.doesn't allow D.wasn't allowed
3.—Have you finished your report, Jim
—Not yet. I will make it if I ________________ two more days.
A.give B.will give C.am given D.will be given
4.Some people think trees on Tree Planting Day only.
A.should plant B.should be plant
C.shouldn't be planted D.should be planting
5. Tea, one of the most popular drinks, ____ by accident in China.
A.discovered B.is discovered
C.will be discovered D.was discovered
6.The earth looks blue in space because its surface ________ by ocean.
A.covers B.is covered C.was covered D.have covered
7.— Who will win the first prize in the drawing competition
— Nobody can know the result until it_________ tomorrow morning.
A.will announce B.will be announced
C.is announced D.announces
8.Half of her time in the library.
A.spends on books B.is spent reading books
C.has paid for reading books D.is spending to read
9.—You _______ to the party. Why didn't you go
—I was going to. But I had to study for the test.
A.be invited B.were invited
C.are invited D.will be invited
10.China's hot words, like tuhao, dama,_________ in the western media.
A.use widely B.is widely used
C.are widely used D.uses widely
11.A new stone bridge ________ over this river many years ago and it is still strong.
A.was built B.has built C.built D.had built
12.—Excuse me, could you please tell me if the sports meeting on time
—Hard to say. If it tomorrow, we'll have to put it off.
A.will hold; rains B.will be held; rains
C.will be held; will rain D.holds; will rain
13.—A big shopping mall _______in our neighborhood in the near future.
—What good news!
A.builds B.has built C.will build D.will be built
14.Tokyo 2020 Olympics __________in 202I because of something unexpected.
A.held B.will hold C.was held D.will be held
15.The Olympic Games every four years.
A.hold B.is holding C.are held D.held
16. —My friends and I decide to cheer up the old by writing letters. We want them to know that nobody
— ____.
A.forgot B.has forgotten
C.is being forgotten D.had been forgotten
17.—It is said that a new park _____________near our home.
— Great! We will have another place to relax after school.
A.was built B.is built C.will be built D.must be built
18. Today, teenagers ____ to help around in their neighborhood.
A.encourage B.encouraged
C.are encouraged D.were encouraged
19.The building will ________ 2 months later.
A.is finished B.to be finished C.be finished D.was finished
20.The public places, such as restaurants and cinemas, ________ since COVID-19 swept the city again last month.
A.have been closed B.have closed C.closed
21.If their marketing plans are changed, theirs sales by 10 percent.
A.will be increased B.have been increasing
C.have increased D.would be increasing
22. It's said that kites ____ in China over 2, 000 years ago.
A.invent B.invented C.were invented D.are invented
23. The telephone ____ by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.
A.invent B.invented C.is invented D.was invented
24.— When the car
— In 1885.
A.did; invent B.was; invented C.does; invent D.is; invented
25.Dave's second book ________ last year and now he has finished a third one.
A.is published B.was published
C.will be published D.has been published
26.In the seven days of the Lunar(农历New Year, the Chinese _________ to spend more than $100 billion in eating and shopping (almost _________as much as Americans spend on Thanksgiving).
A.expects, two B.are expecting, second C.are expected, twice
27.In about ten years' time, more and more electric cars running on the road.
A.have been seen B.will be seen C.would see D.are seeing
28.Your bike can't ______ there.
A.be put B.is put C.be putted D.putted
29.A letter by Tom at seven yesterday.
A.is being written B.was written
C.was being written D.written
30.—"Krystal, do you know how tea is produced "
— "Yes. When tea leaves are ready, they are picked by hand and then_____for processing. "
A.send B.are sent C.were sent
31.I'm glad to find that many trees ________ in our city last year.
A.plant B.planted C.were planted D.are planted
32.I don't think sixteen-year-olds should ________to go to net bars.
A.allow B.be allowing C.allowed D.be allowed
33. We should be honest to our friends, because it ____ to be our traditional value.
A.is considered B.was considered
C.considered D.considers
34.A number of new functions ________ to the computer since it was first invented in 1946.
A.have added B.were added
C.have been adding D.have been added
35.— Mike _______ a job in a bank, but to our surprise, he didn't take it.
— Maybe he got another job.
A.is offered B.was offered C.offered D.has offered
36.— What do you think of the hospital
— Great ! Patients here ____good treatment.
A.have given B.are giving C.are given D.were given
37.Many more houses ________ for teachers since last year.
A.are building B.built
C.have built D.have been built
38. On March 16th in 2023, the opening ceremony of the 6th Chengdu International Poetry Festival ____ at Chengdu University.
A.was held B.is held C.will be held
39.Something ______________ to stop students from wasting water and electricity in our school.
A.can do B.must do C.can be done D.must be done
40.Pu'er Tea____________ in some western areas of Yunnan.
A.plants B.was planted C.is planting D.is planted
41.My cousin has been happy since he _______ to spend more time with his friends.
A.will allow B.will be allowed
C.was allowed D.allowed
42.Great progress ________ in the research of computers in the past twenty years.
A.will be made B.was made C.has been made D.is made
43.Children shouldn't to drive.
A.allow B.be allowing C.be allowed D.to allow
44.Mr Johnson preferred ________ heavier work to do.
A.to be given B.to be giving C.to have given D.having given
45.—What's new on Weibo
—An AI system. It ________ to help missing children in the past few years.
A.was used B.is used C.will be used D.has been used
46.Many houses by the earthquake and thousands of people were left homeless.
A.damaged B.were damaged C.were damaging D.are damaged
47.—These plans are all nice. I haven't decided which one to choose.
—It's OK. You_________ plenty of time to decide.
A.gave B.were given C.will give D.will be given
48.The bridge ____ built in 1890.
A.has B.is C.was D.have
49.A lot of water___________ in Shanghai every year. It's a big problem.
A.wastes B.is wasted
C.have been wasted D.is wasting
50.—Do you believe there are aliens
—I'm afraid not. I don't think aliens in space.
A.can find B.can be found C.can be founded
参考答案及试题解析
1.C
【解析】根据句意,which things做主语,是被动语态,情态动词的被动语态由情态动词+ be +动词的过去分词,故选C
【点评】考查情态动词的被动语态,得出答案很简单。
2.B
3.C
【解析】句意:——吉姆,你已经完成你的报告了吗?——还没有。如果再给我两天时间我就会完成。if引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”的原则,因此排除B、D。根据句意可知此句用被动语态,be+done,give,给,动词,过去分词为 given ,主语是 I,因此 be 动词用 am,故选C。
【点评】考查被动语态。注意if引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”的原则及被动语态的构成。
4.C
【解析】句意:有些人认为树木不应该只在植树节被种植。A 应该种植;B 应该被种植;C:不应该被种植;D:应该被种植,情态动词进行时;根据常识可知除了植树节以外的时间也可以种树,因此这里用否定形式,树被种植,应该使用被动语态be done,故是shouldn't be planted,故选C。
【点评】考查情态动词,注意识记情态动词被动语态的用法。
5.D
【解析】句意:茶,最受欢迎的饮料之一,在中国是偶然……的。分析句子结构可知,句子缺谓语动词,Tea和discover是被动关系,即茶被发现,应该用被动语态(be+过去分词),且茶被发现是过去的事情,应该用一般过去时,选项was discovered是一般过去时的被动语态,最符合题意,故答案为D。
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态。注意被动语态的基本结构为be+过去分词。
6.B
【解析】句意:地球在太空中看起来是蓝色的,因为它的表面被海洋覆盖着。根据主语是its surface地球的表面是动作cover覆盖的承受者,又因此句描述的是地球被海洋覆盖的客观存在事实,用一般现在时的被动语态。A:covers一般现在时;B:is covered一般现在时被动语态,符合题意;C:was covered一般过去时被动语态;D:have covered现在完成时。故选B。
【点评】考查被动语态。注意掌握被动语态的用法。
7.C
【解析】句意:——谁将在绘画比赛中获得一等奖?——直到明天上午宣布,才会有人知道结果。考查动词语态辨析。本句是until引导的时间状语从句,根据句意语境,主句具有将来意义,可知从句需用一般现在时,可排除AB两项。it是动词announce的受动者,需用被动语态,故选C。
【点评】考查一般现在时的被动语态,注意一般现在时的被动语态的用法。
8.B
【解析】句意:她的一半的时间都是花在在图书馆读书上。结合语境可知本句描述的是客观性动作,故用一般现在时态。主语是动作的对象,故用被动语态,选B。
【点评】英语中的时态主要是借助于时间状语与上下文语境来进行判断。解答此类题型,首先要注意句子中的时间状语,如果没有则要通过分析上下文,结合语境来判断句子的时态。语态的判断主要是确定句子主语与谓语动词的关系。如果是主动关系则用主动语态,反之如果是动宾关系,则用被动语态,尤其要注意一些特殊动词的用法。
9.B
【解析】句意:——你被邀请去参加聚会。你为什么不去 ——我本来要去的。但是我必须为考试而学习。 根据句意可知,此处you是invite的动作承受者,所以此处用被动语态,根据 Why didn't you go 可知,此处描述过去的事情,用一般过去时,所以此处是一般过去时的被动语态,用was/were done形式,此处主语是第二人称,系动词用were,故选B。
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态。注意根据语境选择正确的时态和语态。
10.C
【解析】句意:中国的热点词汇,像土豪,大妈,在西方媒体中广泛地运用。根据句意可知时态是一般现在时,主语是hot words, 是复数,谓语动词要用复数,use和words是动宾关系,要用被动语态,widely:广泛地,放在行为动词前面,系动词后面,两个或三个谓语动词时放在中间,故选C。
【点评】考查被动语态和主谓一致。根据句意判断时态和语态,注意主谓一致。
11.A
【解析】句意:一座新石头桥许多年前被建在这条河上面,并且它仍然结实。A.一般过去时的被动语态;B.现在完成时;C.一般过去时;D.过去完成时。主语bridge是动作build的承受者,ago表明时态是一般过去时,所以用一般过去时的被动语态,结构是was/were+动词过去分词,主语bridge是单数,所以用was,故选A。
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态,注意平时识记其结构,理解句意。
12.B
【解析】句意:—打扰一下,你能告诉我运动会是否将准时开吗?—很难说,如果明天下雨,我们将不得不推迟。第一空由if引导宾语从句,根据meeting和tell构成动宾关系及时间状语tomorrow可知,用一般将来时的被动语态will+be+过去分词,动词hold的过去分词为held;第二空if引导条件状语从句,用一般现在时代替将来,主语it指代天气为三单,动词rain用三单形式rains。故选B。
【点评】本题考查一般将来时的被动语态和if引导的条件状语从句。注意if引导的时间状语从句主句为将来时态时,从句用一般现在时。
13.D
【解析】句意:——不久的将来,我们小区将建一个大型购物中心。——多好的消息啊!根据动宾关系,可知购物中心应是被建造,用被动语态,结构为be+done;根据in the near future,可知时态为一般将来时,故选D。
【点评】考查被动语态,注意识记被动语态的用法。
14.D
【解析】句意:因为一些意想不到的事情,东京2020年奥运会将在2021举行。 根据句子主语Tokyo 2020 Olympics可知是动词hold的承受者,用被动语态。由because of something unexpected.这里是没有发生的动作,用一般将来时的被动:will be+过去分词,故答案为D。
【点评】考查一般将来时的被动语态。注意一般将来时的被动语态的构成和用法。
15.C
【解析】句意:奥运会每四年举办一次。the Olympic Games与hold构成被动关系,every four years是一般现在时的标志,故用一般现在时的被动语态,故选C。
【点评】考查一般现在时的被动语态。
16.C
【解析】句意:我和我的朋友们决定写信使老人振作起来。我们想让他们知道,没有人被遗忘。A.forgot忘记,动词过去式;B。has forgotten已经忘记,现在完成时;C.is being forgotten正在被遗忘,现在进行时的被动语态;D.had been forgotten过去完成时。根据语境" My friends and I decide to cheer up the old by writing letters. 可知此处应表示我们想让他们知道,没有人被遗忘",需用被动语态,be+being+done表示一直没有被遗忘,故选C。
【点评】考查被动语态。注意结合语境选择正确的动词形式。
17.C
【解析】句意:——据说在我们家附近将建一个新公园。——好极了。我们放学后有另一个放松的地方啦!A.被建,一般过去时的被动语态;B.被建,一般现在时的被动语态;C.将被建,一般将来时的被动语态;D.必须被建,带情态动词的被动语态。根据We will have another place to relax after school. 我们放学后有另一个放松的地方啦!可知是将被建,应用一般将来时的被动语态:will be+动词过去分词。故选C。
【点评】考查一般将来时的被动语态。注意掌握结构:will be+动词过去分词。
18.C
【解析】句意:今天,青少年被鼓励在他们的社区帮忙。 encourage鼓励(动词原形/一般现在时);encouraged鼓励了(过去式/过去分词);are encouraged被鼓励(一般现在时的被动语态);were encouraged曾被鼓励(一般过去时的被动语态)。根据"today"可知,句子时态是一般现在时,且teenagers与encourage是被动关系,应用be+过去分词。故选C。
【点评】考查一般现在时的被动语态。注意:关注助动词"be"及其变化形式:被动语态的基本结构是"助动词be+及物动词的过去分词"。因此,在选择题中,当看到"be"动词(如am, is, are, was, were, being, been)与及物动词的过去分词形式一起出现时,应警惕这可能是被动语态。留意"by"短语:在被动语态的句子中,有时会出现"by+动作执行者"的结构,表示动作是由谁发出的。虽然这不是被动语态的必要条件,但可以帮助确认句子的语态。理解句子含义:首先,要理解句子的整体含义,判断主语与谓语之间的关系。如果主语是动作的承受者而非执行者,那么句子很可能是被动语态。
19.C
【解析】句意:这座建筑物在两个月后完工.结合语境可知本句描述的是将来的动作,故用一般将来时态.主语是动作对象,故用被动语态,选C.
【点评】英语中的时态主要是借助于时间状语与上下文语境来进行判断。解答此类题型,首先要注意句子中的时间状语,如果没有则要通过分析上下文,结合语境来判断句子的时态。语态的判断主要是确定句子主语与谓语动词的关系。如果是主动关系则用主动语态,反之如果是动宾关系,则用被动语态,尤其要注意一些特殊动词的用法。
20.A
【解析】句意:自上个月2019冠状病毒疾病再次席卷该市以来,餐馆和电影院等公共场所已经关闭。A.已经被关闭,现在完成时的被动语态;B.已经关闭,现在完成时;C.关闭,一般过去时。since引导的时间状语从句,从句用一般过去时,主句用现在完成时,排除C。close关闭,实义动词,主语places是动作close的承受者,时态是现在完成时,所以用现在完成时的被动语态,结构是have/has+动词过去分词,主语places是复数,所以用have,close的过去分词是closed,故选A。
【点评】考查现在完成时的被动语态,首先识记since引导的时间状语从句,然后根据主语和谓语关系确定语态。
21.A
【解析】句意:如果他们的市场计划改变了,他们的销售就会增加10%。will be increased 一般将来时的被动语态,将会被增加;have been increasing现在完成进行时态,表示从过去发生的动作,持续到现在,现在还在进行;have increased现在完成时;would be increasing过去将来进行时。If引导的条件状语从句中,用了一般现在时态,主句应用一般将来时,并且主语their sales和动词increase构成被动关系,故应选A。
22.C
【解析】句意:据说是在两千多年前在中国发明的风筝。A动词原形,B一般过去时,C一般过去时被动语态,D一般现在时被动语态,2000多年前是一般过去时标志,谓语动词和主语是被动关系,故用一般过去时被动语态,故选C。
【点评】考查时态和语态,注意识记一般过去时被动语态的用法。
23.D
【解析】句意:电话由亚历山大-格雷厄姆-贝尔于 1876 年发明。A发明,一般现在时的主动语态;B发明,一般过去时的主动语态;C被发明,一般现在时的被动语态;D被发明,一般过去时的被动语态。根据 by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876 ,可知是被亚历山大-格雷厄姆-贝尔于 1876 年发明,应用一般过去时的被动语态 was invented 。故选D。
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态。注意熟记一般过去时的被动语态结构:was/were+过去分词。
24.B
【解析】句意:—汽车是什么时候被发明的?—在1885年。did; invent一般过去时;was; invented一般过去时的被动语态;does; invent一般现在时;is; invented一般现在时的被动语态根据句意及回答,本题用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。
【点评】本题考查被动语态。一般过去时的被动语态构成 主语+was/were+及物动词的过去分词。
25.B
【解析】句意:戴夫的第二本书去年出版,现在他已经完成了第三本。根据last year,可知要用一般过去式,又因为主语book与publish是被动关系,因此要用一般过去式的被动语态,即was/were done结构,结合选项,故选B。
【点评】考查一般过去式的被动语态。首先根据句子结构,决定语态,然后根据时间状语确定时态,从而选出答案。
26.C
【解析】句意:在农历新年的七天里,中国人预计将在饮食和购物上花费超过1000亿美元(几乎是美国人感恩节花费的两倍)。根据固定搭配be expected to do sth 被期望做某事、应该做某事和表示两倍用twice,排除A和B,故答案为C。
【点评】考查被动语态和副词。注意识记固定搭配和倍数的表达。
27.B
【解析】句意:大约十年后,将看到越来越多的电动汽车在道路上行驶。see sb doing sth,看到某人正在做某事,固定结构。A 现在完成时的被动语态;B 一般将来时的被动语态;C 过去将来时;D 现在进行时。结合题干中的cars与动词see的关系可知是动宾关系,要用被动语态。由in about ten years' time可知时态要用一般将来时,故答案为B。
【点评】考查一般将来时的被动语态的构成及用法。
28.A
【解析】句意: 你的自行车不能停在那里。谓语动词put和主语bike是被动关系,cann't是情态动词,情态动词的被动形式是,情态动词+be+done,故选A。
【点评】考查被动语态,注意情态动词+be+done的用法。
29.C
【解析】句意:昨天晚上7点汤姆正在写一封信。主语 A letter,一封信是动作的承受者,用被动语态,排除D;根据 at seven yesterday,昨天晚上7点,应与过去进行时连用,应用过去进行时被动语态。过去进行时被动语态的构成形式:was/were being +pp,排除AB;故选C。
【点评】考查过去进行时的被动语态,应注意过去进行时的被动语态的用法。
30.B
【解析】句意:——克里斯托,你知道茶叶是怎么生产的吗?——是的。茶叶准备好后,用手采摘,然后送去加工。 A.send 动词原形;B.are sent一般现在时的被动语态;C.were sent一般过去时的被动语态。根据前半句 they are picked by 可知,茶叶的加工生产都是人来操作的,所以茶叶与动词send之间为被动关系,应该用一般现在时的被动语态。故选B。
【点评】考查一般现在时的被动语态。熟练掌握一般现在时的被动语态。
31.C
【解析】句意:我很高兴地发现在我们的城市去年种了许多树。考查被动语态的用法。由last year可推断用一般过去时。trees和plant为被动关系,因此,为一般过去时的被动语态。根据句意结构,故选C。
【点评】考查被动语态。注意识记被动语态结构及用法。
32.D
【解析】句意:我不认为16岁的孩子应该被允许去网吧。根据句意可知孩子应该被允许,用被动语态,结构为be+done,故选D。
【点评】考查被动语态,注意识记被动语态的用法。
33.A
【解析】句意:我们应该对朋友诚实,因为这被认为是我们的传统价值观。A.被认为,一般现在时的被动语态;B.被认为,一般过去时的被动语态;C.认为,一般过去时;D.认为,一般现在时。主语it是动作consider的承受者,时态是一般现在时,所以用一般现在时的被动语态,结构是be+动词过去分词,主语是单数it,所以用is,consider的过去分词是considered,故选A。
【点评】考查一般现在时的被动语态,首先理解选项区别,然后根据主语和谓语关系确定语态,最后识记一般现在时的被动语态结构。
34.D
【解析】句意:自从1946年第一次被发明以来,一些新功能被加到电脑上。since是现在完成时的标志,根据句意可知function与add之间构成被动关系,故选D。
【点评】考查现在完成时的被动语态。
35.B
【解析】Mike是动作offer的承受者,因此用被动语态;根据后句中的didn't可知为一般过去时的被动语态,故选B。
【点评】考查动词的时态及语态。
36.C
【解析】句意:—你认为这个医院怎么样?—好极了,这儿的病人们被给予好的治疗。这里是一般现在时态的被动语态,其结构是be done的形式,根据题意,故选C。
【点评】此题考查一般现在时的被动结构。要熟记各个时态被动结构的构成。
37.D
【解析】句意:自去年以来,为教师建造了更多的房屋。根据houses与build之间是被动关系,被建,要用被动语态;由一段的时间状语since last year,要用现在完成时的被动语态have/has+been+过去分词,主语houses,复数,要用have,build的过去分词built,故选D。
【点评】考查现在完成时的被动语态的构成和用法。根据时间状语确定时态和根据主语与动词之间的关系确定语态。
38.A
【解析】句意:2023年3月16日,第六届成都国际诗歌节开幕式在成都大学举行。A.被举办,一般过去时的被动语态;B.被举办,一般现在时的被动语态;C.将被举办,一般将来时的被动语态。On March 16th in 2023表明时态是一般过去时,所以用一般过去时的被动语态,结构是was/were+动词过去分词,故选A。
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态,首先理解选项区别,然后根据关键词On March 16th in 2023确定时态。
39.D
【解析】句意:必须采取措施防止学生在我们学校浪费水电。something,措施,是动词do的承受者,作句子的主语,此句要用被动语态,其结构为情态动词+be +done。由语句stop students from wasting water and electricity in our school.可知,要用情态动词must,故选D。
【点评】考查含有情态动词的被动语态。注意其基本构成。
40.D
【解析】句意: 普洱茶在云南的一些西部地区种植。描述客观事实是一般现在时,主语tea和谓语动词plant是被动关系,故是一般现在时被动语态,动词形式是be+done,助动词be是is,故选D。
【点评】考查时态语态,注意一般现在时被动语态的用法。
41.C
【解析】句意: 我的表弟一直很高兴,因为他被允许和他的朋友度过更多的时间。A.一般将来时;B.一般将来时的被动语态;C.一般过去时的被动语态;D.一般过去时。allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事,固定短语,此处he是allow的动作承受者,需要被动语态,排除A和D;此处是since引导的条件状语从句,主句是现在完成时,从句应该用一般过去时,所以此处应该是一般过去时的被动语态,用was/were done形式,故选C。
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态。注意根据语境选择正确的时态和语态。
42.C
43.C
【解析】句意:孩子们不应该被允许开车。主语和谓语动词之间有动宾关系,所以用被动语态,含有情态动词的被动语态的结构是:情态动词 be done,结合句意,故答案为C。
【点评】考查情态动词+动词原形结构和被动语态,注意对句子的理解。
44.A
【解析】句意:约翰逊先生宁愿分配给他更繁重的工作。A. to be given不定式被动语态; B. to be giving不定式的现在进行式; C. to have given不定式的完成式;D. having given现在分词的完成式;prefer to do更愿意,不定式的逻辑主语和动词之间是被动关系,Mr Johnson是被分配工作,由此推断不定式的结构是被动语态,故选A。
【点评】考查动词不定式的被动语态。根据不定式和逻辑主语之间的主动和被动关系确定主动和被动语态的使用。
45.D
46.B
【解析】句意:地震中有许多房屋被破坏,成千上万的人无家可归。主语 Many houses 很多房屋是动作的承受者,应用被动语态,排除AC;根据 thousands of people were left homeless,过去时,前后两句的时态应保持一致,应该用一般过去时的被动语态,即was/were+pp,排除D,故选B。
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态,应注意一般过去时被动语态的用法。
47.D
【解析】句意:——这些计划都很好,我还没有决定选择哪一个。——没关系,会给你足够的时间来选择。句子的主语you和谓语动词give的承受者,应该用被动语态。因为动作还未发生,应用一般将来时态的被动:will be+动词的过去分词。故答案为D。
【点评】考查一般将来时的被动语态。掌握一般将来时的被动语态的结构和用法。
48.C
【解析】句意:这座桥是在1890年建造的。根据主语bridge,可知桥是被建造,用被动语态,结构为be+done,根据1890,可知是一般过去时,故选C。
【点评】考查被动语态,注意识记被动语态的用法。
49.B
【解析】句意:每年许多水在上海被浪费掉了。这是个大问题。waste,浪费,主语water与waste是支配与被支配关系,应使用被动语态,根据every year可知,使用一般现在时的被动语态。故答案是B。
【点评】考查一般现在时的被动语态,注意分析主语与谓语之间的关系确定句子的语态。
50.B
【解析】句意:——你相信有外星人存在吗?——恐怕没有。我不认为在太空能发现外星人。外星人alians是被发现。应当用被动语态。而find的过去分词是found。C选项founded是found(创办,创立)的过去分词。故选B。
【点评】考查被动语态。
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