2025-2026学年北师大版英语八年级上册期末模拟测试练习卷（北京专用.含解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
期末模拟测试卷
一．选择题（共8小题）
1．（2024秋 石景山区期末）We plan to go boating in Beihai Park this Saturday morning. Would you like to join ________？（　　）
A．we B．us C．our D．ours
2．（2024秋 石景山区期末）Our school held a sports meeting _________September，30.（　　）
A．at B．in C．to D．on
3．（2024秋 石景山区期末）This coat looks great， I don't think it looks good on me.（　　）
A．and B．so C．but D．or
4．（2024秋 延庆区期末）The guest arrived and hands with us.（　　）
A．will shake B．shake
C．shakes D．shook
5．（2024秋 延庆区期末）I hand in my science report today，or I will fail in the exam.（　　）
A．can B．may C．must D．could
6．（2023 门头沟区二模）The Summer Palace is one of ______ parks in Beijing.（　　）
A．beautiful B．more beautiful
C．the most beautiful D．most beautiful
7．（2024秋 通州区期末）﹣Be quiet!Your brother ______ an interview online.
﹣OK.I'll turn down the TV.（　　）
A．has B．was having
C．is having D．had
8．（2024秋 西城区期末）Of all the students in my class，Tom writes .（　　）
A．careful B．carefully
C．more carefully D．the most carefully
二．完形填空（共1小题）
9．（2024秋 石景山区期末） Michelle finished playing the last few notes of her song and bowed（鞠躬） to the toy animals on her bed."There，three times with no （1）　 　 ，"she said."I just hope I can play that well at the concert."
In less than an hour，she would be performing her first solo（独奏），and the thought made her feel （2）　 　 ."You're lucky you don't have to play the violin in front of so many people，"she said to the toy monkey.Then，she looked at the other toy animals on her bed."I wish you could all come with me，"she said，giving them one last look before （3）　 　 to the car with her parents.
"Do I really have to perform？" she asked as she climbed into the back seat.
"Is my favorite first﹣grader nervous？"her dad asked with a smile.
Michelle didn't answer.She was too busy （4）　 　 what it would be like to play in front of so many people.
When they arrived at the auditorium（礼堂），Michelle saw that all seats were filled，and many people were standing.Nervously，she sat on stage with the other students and waited.
Michelle's heart raced as she walked to the front.She lifted her （5）　 　 ，but suddenly she couldn't remember the first note.Tears filled her eyes.She shut her eyes，hoping the （6）　 　 would go away.When she opened her eyes，everything looked blurry（模糊的）.
Strangely，the people now looked like her toy animals.Michelle felt better and started to （7）　 　 .She remembered her piece and began to play.
As she played，the animals slowly turned back into people，but Michelle wasn't nervous anymore.The people looked friendly.
When she finished，she took a big bow.She had done it﹣her first solo!
Afterward，her parents hugged her."We're so （8）　 　 of you，"her dad said."Let's go get some ice cream to celebrate."Michelle smiled happily.
（1） A.feelings B.choices C.results D.mistakes
（2） A.confident B.nervous C.sad D.excited
（3） A.riding B.jumping C.heading D.pointing
（4） A.imagining B.writing C.telling D.explaining
（5） A.book B.toys C.violin D.notes
（6） A.tears B.animals C.students D.smiles
（7） A.worry B.talk C.sing D.relax
（8） A.afraid B.proud C.tired D.sure
三．阅读理解（共4小题）
10．（2024秋 房山区期末） Imagine you are going to give a speech the next day.The night before，you spend a lot of time thinking about the possible mistakes you might make and whether you're prepared enough.Well，you might be overthinking.
Overthinking means going over the same thought again and again，analyzing（分析）the simplest matters or events too much.
According to The Conversation，overthinking comes from one of our instincts（本能）.The mind will always see things in the worst possible light.Our brains are always looking for threats（威胁），to make a plan to deal with those threats and keep us safe.
Some people believe that overthinking may be helpful because it helps us look at a problem from every possible angle （角度） and get ready for what might happen.However，research suggests that overthinking can make us feel worried or nervous.
What's more，overthinking might create problems with how you get along with others.As you think the worst，make incorrect guesses，or worry about every little thing others do and say，you might misunderstand their real intentions（意图）.
So，instead of sitting and thinking about a problem again and again，you can distract yourself for a bit.That means you can take your attention away from what you are trying to do.Your brain might find better ways to solve the problem while you're doing something fun，like gardening，or even while you' re sleeping.Also，when you find yourself overthinking，try to question these thoughts.Ask yourself if they make sense and think about other possibilities.It can be hard at first，but recognizing （辨别出） that you are overthinking can help you make a change.
（1）According to the passage，overthinking can make people 　 　 .
A.have more to worry about
B.solve problems easily
C.think less about simple events
D.get on well with others
（2）What is Paragraph 3 mainly about？ 　 　
A.How to stop overthinking.
B.What makes overthinking happen.
C.Why overthinking is helpful.
D.What problems overthinking brings.
（3）To stop overthinking，the writer thinks we can 　 　 .
A.try to go over matters or events quickly
B.make a plan to deal with possible threats
C.turn our attention to something enjoyable
D.think of the worst possibility of a problem
11．（2024秋 延庆区期末） Are you an optimist （乐观主义者） or a pessimist （悲观主义者）？Optimists are always hopeful and positive （积极的）.Pessimists always expect the worst and see the negative （消极的） side of things.The optimist says， "The glass is half full." The pessimist says， "The glass is half empty".
Dr.Seligman is a scientist whose studies show that optimists are healthier than pessimists.Pessimists suffer from depression（抑郁）more often than optimists do.Dr.Seligman studied a group of men who had heart attacks.After eight years，most of the optimistic men were still alive，while most of the pessimistic men had died from another heart attack.
Dr.Seligman also says that optimists are more successful，athletes，politicians，and businessmen who have optimistic views of the world tend to succeed.
Here's the good news：Everyone can learn to be more optimistic.The main way is to change the way you talk to yourself.When something bad happens to pessimists，they believe it will affect their whole lives.When something bad happens to optimists，they see it as just one event.They also believe that they can solve the problem，so it won't happen again.
Here's an example：An optimist and a pessimist take a math test.They are both good students，but both of them fail this test.The pessimist thinks， "I am probably going to fail every test.It is too difficult for me.Nobody will like me because I am a terrible student." The optimist thinks， "It was only one test，I am a smart student.I know I can do much better next time."
Be kinder to yourself，be more hopeful，see the glass as half full!
（1）What does Dr.Seligman's study show？ 　 　
A.Optimists are healthier.
B.Pessimists are smarter.
C.Optimists are depressed.
D.Pessimists are terrible.
（2）According to the passage，who may succeed more easily？ 　 　
A.The man who is shy.
B.The man who is polite.
C.The man who is positive.
D.The man who is negative.
（3）How can one be more optimistic？ 　 　
A.Doing more tests.
B.Asking others for help.
C.Changing the self﹣talk way.
D.Thinking of bad things.
（4）What will the optimists think after failing a test？ 　 　
A.They will fail every test.
B.They will do better next time.
C.They will give up learning.
D.They will become terrible.
12．（2024秋 朝阳区期末） Have you heard the saying"If you fall off the horse，get back on."？It means that things may get difficult，and you may make many mistakes.But you should have the passion（激情） and energy to keep going.This is called perseverance.It can help you get a lot of things.
Perseverance means keeping doing something for a long time.It doesn't matter if it is easy or difficult.For example，you practise a trick on your bike again and again.Or you finish a picture without giving up and start over.These show perseverance.Florence，a 13﹣year﹣old girl，says， "It means never giving up and trying hard to push yourself.I go running with my mum three times a week.Sometimes I feel good and sometimes I don't.But I still do it because I want to be the fastest in my class.Whether in good situations or bad ones，we need perseverance."
Studies show that when you feel hopeful and work for a goal you really want，it can reduce stress（压力） and make you feel happier.When you get something you worked hard for and face difficulties on the way，it can develop your confidence and make you feel braver to try new things.Angela Duckworth is an expert（专家） about people's thoughts and feelings.She studies perseverance and calls it"grit".She thinks that having grit is really important for us to succeed.She says， "No matter how talented（有天赋的） you are at something or how well you do in school，you must have grit.When things are hard，perseverance is even more important.It can help you get past the hard times and reach your goals."
Duckworth believes perseverance is something anyone can learn.The best way to learn it is to have a growth mind.This means believing that your brain can grow.You can get anything if you put your mind to it.So don't think， "I can't do this"，try thinking， "I can't do this…yet".As the book The Big Life Journal says， "People with a growth idea know they can get better by working hard.They keep trying even when things are difficult."
（1）Why does the writer take Florence for example in Paragraph 2？ 　 　
A.To introduce what perseverance means.
B.To talk about how to train running skills.
C.To present the advantages of perseverance.
D.To show the importance of staying with parents.
（2）According to the passage，what can help us reduce stress？ 　 　
A.Developing talents through mistakes.
B.Building confidence in hard situations.
C.Trying hard for our dreams with hope.
D.Keeping doing things without thinking.
（3）Which of the following would the writer most probably agree with？ 　 　
A.Goals are easier to reach in difficult times.
B.Talent is the most important for us to succeed.
C.Being clever will help us do well in our lessons.
D.Knowing we can get better helps us develop grit.
（4）What is the best title for the passage？ 　 　
A.The Power of Perseverance
B.The Tips to Reach the Goals
C.The Ways to Solve Difficulties
D.The Meaning of Thinking Habits
13．（2024秋 通州区期末） Your mind and body are connected（联系的）.How you think can affect（影响） how you feel and how you feel can affect your thinking.
An example of this mind﹣body connection is how your body responds（回应） to stress（压力）.Long term worry and stress over jobs or other problems can cause headaches，and stomach problems.It may also lead to high blood pressure or other serious problems.
On the other hand，pain（疼痛） or a health problem can affect your emotions（情绪）.You might become sad and stressed.And this could affect how you face your illness.
But your mind can have a positive（积极的） effect on your health，too.Having a positive outlook on life might help you better handle pain or stress.And it can help you stay healthier than someone who is less hopeful.
（2）
Your brain produces things that can help with your health.These things include endorphins （内啡肽），which are natural painkillers.
Research shows that what your brain produces depends in part on your thoughts，feelings，and expectations.If you're sick but you have hope and a positive attitude and you believe that you'll get better，your brain is likely to produce chemicals that will help your body heal（康复）quickly.
Negative（负面的） thoughts and emotions can keep your brain from producing some of the chemicals that help your body heal.Although people can't cure（治愈） all the illness，your thoughts and state of mind are the resources（资源） you can use to get better.
How does stress affect you？
When you are stressed，your body responds as though you are in danger.It makes hormones （激素） that speed up your heart，make you breathe faster，and give you a burst of energy.If the stress is over quickly，your body goes back to normal and no harm is done.
But if stress happens too often or lasts too long，it can have bad effects.Long﹣term stress can make you more likely to get sick，and it can make symptoms of some diseases worse.If you tense up（紧张） when you are stressed，you may have neck，shoulder，or low back pain.Stress can lead to high blood pressure and heart disease.
Stress also harms your emotional health.It can make you sad，angry or depressed and you may not do well at work or school.But when you are able to relax your mind and body，your body stops producing the hormones that create stress and you return to a state of calm again.
（1）The writer uses the example to show 　 　 .
A.stress and worries are good for our health
B.problems can be solved when people worry about them
C.our mind and body have strong connections
D.illness can affect our body but can't affect our mind
（2）Which of the following would be the best heading for Paragraphs 5﹣7？ 　 　
A.How do your thoughts and feelings affect your health？
B.What does your brain produce when you are worried？
C.What chemicals can help your body heal？
D.How do negative thoughts help people cure the illness？
（3）What can we learn from the passage？ 　 　
A.Positive ideas can help people cure all illness.
B.A positive attitude will raise your body's healing power.
C.Short﹣term stress can harm your body badly.
D.Long term stress can help improve emotional health.
（4）Why does the writer write the passage？ 　 　
A.To encourage people to have a positive outlook on life.
B.To show stress has a positive effect on people's life.
C.To tell why stress affects people's health.
D.To explain how people feel when they are ill.
四．任务型阅读（共2小题）
14．（2024秋 东城区期末）阅读下列 app（应用程序）的介绍，请根据人物需求匹配最适合的 app，并将 app对应的选项（A、B、C、D）填在相应位置上。选项中有一项为多余选项。
A Go﹣Go City Go﹣Go City connects you with taxi drivers in 170 cities around the world from your smartphone.There's no need to wait for a taxi to pass by because the taxi comes to you in under 15 minutes，wherever you are. B Jump the Queue If you don't like waiting in line for a restaurant while on holiday，this is your app.With more than 40，000 restaurants to choose from，it's the biggest and best app of its kind.You can search for places to eat before booking your table for free.
C TravelZoom TravelZoom is the right app you need if you like travelling.You can read and write reviews （评论） of hotels you' ve visited.You can also share your travel story and check your friends' experiences. D 4 caster 4 caster allows you to know the weather in less well﹣known places，like small Greek islands or villages in northern Thailand.It gives you the weather for the whole month ahead— so you can plan what clothes to take with you.
（1）　 　 I love food and eat out as often as possible when I visit a city.I want to know the best places to eat there.
（2）　 　 I like visiting unusual places during the holidays.Before I go away，I want to know exactly what I need to take with me.
（3）　 　 I don't like driving on holidays.I am looking for an app to find cars to take me from the airport to the hotel.
15．（2024秋 石景山区期末）阅读下列项目式学习活动的介绍，请根据人物的兴趣爱好匹配最合适的项目，并将项目式所对应的选项（A、B、C、D）填在相应位置上。其中一个为多余选项。
A.The Story Channel In this project，students build their reading skills.Students work in teams to choose stories，plan and produce their dramatic readings as video stories for a class Storytime Channel. B.Welcome to the Neighborhood! In this project，students create a shared newcomer's guide to important places in the neighborhood around their community.They create maps and write descriptions of the places in the guide.
C.Journey to the Red Planet（行星） In this project，students explore the history of space travel and the science of Mars exploration.They use the engineering design process to find problems about Mars exploration. D.Taking Care of Our Environment In this project，students work in teams to solve environmental problems.They design tools that can help their teams solve the problems and develop training materials that teach others how to use the tools.
（1）　 　 Cathy is interested in outer space.She wants to learn something about other planets.
（2）　 　 Jimmy loves helping others.He wants to help new friends get to know the community.
（3）　 　 William often spends his free time reading stories.He wants to improve his reading skills.
五．书面表达（共1小题）
16．（2024秋 门头沟区期末）某英文网站正在组织学生进行故事分享交流活动。假设你是李华，请你用英文写一篇短文投稿，分享一个你最喜欢的故事，包括故事的名称、主要人物以及主要内容。
提示词语：favourite，main character（人物）
提示问题： ●What's the name of your favourite story？
●Who are the main characters？
●What's the story about？
My Favourite Story Sharing
期末模拟测试卷
参考答案与试题解析
一．选择题（共8小题）
1．（2024秋 石景山区期末）We plan to go boating in Beihai Park this Saturday morning. Would you like to join ________？（　　）
A．we B．us C．our D．ours
【考点】人称代词的宾格．
【答案】B
【分析】我们计划这个星期六上午去北海公园划船。你想加入我们吗？
【解答】A.we我们；B.us我们；C.our我们的；D.ours我们的；根据题干可知join动词，后接人称宾格us。
故选：B。
【点评】仔细分析句子的结构，掌握人称代词的用法。
2．（2024秋 石景山区期末）Our school held a sports meeting _________September，30.（　　）
A．at B．in C．to D．on
【考点】时间介词．
【答案】D
【分析】我们学校在九月三十日举行了一次运动会。
【解答】at用于具体的时刻前面；in用在年、月的前面；to朝向；on用于具体的某一天或具体某一天的上午，下午或晚上。根据September，30"九月三十日"可知，在具体某一天用介词on。
故选：D。
【点评】考查介词用法，这个知识点很广泛，有一些固定用法，需要日常积累，结合语境选择正确介词完成习题。
3．（2024秋 石景山区期末）This coat looks great， I don't think it looks good on me.（　　）
A．and B．so C．but D．or
【考点】表示转折关系的连词．
【答案】C
【分析】这件外套看起来不错，但我觉得我穿起来不好看。
【解答】and和；so所以；but但是；or或者、还是、否则。根据This coat looks great"这件外套看起来不错"，及I don't think it looks good on me."我觉得我穿起来不好看。"可知，表示转折用but。
故选：C。
【点评】连词可以表并列、承接、转折、因果、选择、假设、比较、让步等关系，要结合语境，选择合适连词用法。
4．（2024秋 延庆区期末）The guest arrived and hands with us.（　　）
A．will shake B．shake
C．shakes D．shook
【考点】一般过去时．
【答案】D
【分析】客人到了，和我们握手。
【解答】shake hands握手。选项A是一般将来时；选项B是动词原形；选项C是第三人称单数形式；选项D是过去式。本题考查动词时态。根据"The guest arrived and"可知该句是一般过去时，动词用过去式。
故选：D。
【点评】本题考查一般过去时的基本用法。
5．（2024秋 延庆区期末）I hand in my science report today，or I will fail in the exam.（　　）
A．can B．may C．must D．could
【考点】must的用法．
【答案】C
【分析】我今天必须交我的科学报告，否则我考试会不及格。
【解答】can可以；may可能；must必须；could可以。根据"我今天......交我的科学报告，否则我考试会不及格。"可知，应该是"必须"，填must。
故选：C。
【点评】情态动词在句中不受人称、性别、单复数变化的影响，但是要考虑时态，交际用法等。结合语境，选择正确答案。
6．（2023 门头沟区二模）The Summer Palace is one of ______ parks in Beijing.（　　）
A．beautiful B．more beautiful
C．the most beautiful D．most beautiful
【考点】形容词的最高级．
【答案】C
【分析】颐和园是北京最美丽的公园之一。
【解答】beautiful表示美丽的，其比较级是more beautiful，最高级是most beautiful。根据题干可知颐和园是北京最美丽的公园之一，其中one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数+地点状语，表示"最……的之一"。
故选：C。
【点评】熟悉形容词的比较级和最高级的用法，结合题意，给出答案。
7．（2024秋 通州区期末）﹣Be quiet!Your brother ______ an interview online.
﹣OK.I'll turn down the TV.（　　）
A．has B．was having
C．is having D．had
【考点】现在进行时．
【答案】C
【分析】—安静点！你哥哥正在网上面试。
—好的，我会把电视声音调小的。
【解答】have an interview面试。选项A是第三人称单数形式；选项B是过去进行时；选项C是现在进行时；选项D是过去式。根据Be quiet!（安静点！）可知时态是现在进行时，正确答案是is having。
故选：C。
【点评】本题主要考查动词时态。判断动词的时态，要通过所给的时间状语或上下文等去判断动词的时态。
8．（2024秋 西城区期末）Of all the students in my class，Tom writes .（　　）
A．careful B．carefully
C．more carefully D．the most carefully
【考点】副词的最高级．
【答案】D
【分析】在我班上所有的学生中，汤姆写得最认真。
【解答】careful认真的，形容词；carefully认真地，副词原级；more carefully更认真地，副词比较级；the most carefully最认真地，副词最高级。空格处在句中修饰动词writes"写"，所以应填副词，结合Of all the students in my class（在我班上所有的学生中）可知，应填副词最高级the most carefully。
故选：D。
【点评】通读句子，理解句意，掌握副词最高级的用法，即可作答。
二．完形填空（共1小题）
9．（2024秋 石景山区期末） Michelle finished playing the last few notes of her song and bowed（鞠躬） to the toy animals on her bed."There，three times with no （1）　D　 ，"she said."I just hope I can play that well at the concert."
In less than an hour，she would be performing her first solo（独奏），and the thought made her feel （2）　B　 ."You're lucky you don't have to play the violin in front of so many people，"she said to the toy monkey.Then，she looked at the other toy animals on her bed."I wish you could all come with me，"she said，giving them one last look before （3）　C　 to the car with her parents.
"Do I really have to perform？" she asked as she climbed into the back seat.
"Is my favorite first﹣grader nervous？"her dad asked with a smile.
Michelle didn't answer.She was too busy （4）　A　 what it would be like to play in front of so many people.
When they arrived at the auditorium（礼堂），Michelle saw that all seats were filled，and many people were standing.Nervously，she sat on stage with the other students and waited.
Michelle's heart raced as she walked to the front.She lifted her （5）　C　 ，but suddenly she couldn't remember the first note.Tears filled her eyes.She shut her eyes，hoping the （6）　A　 would go away.When she opened her eyes，everything looked blurry（模糊的）.
Strangely，the people now looked like her toy animals.Michelle felt better and started to （7）　D　 .She remembered her piece and began to play.
As she played，the animals slowly turned back into people，but Michelle wasn't nervous anymore.The people looked friendly.
When she finished，she took a big bow.She had done it﹣her first solo!
Afterward，her parents hugged her."We're so （8）　B　 of you，"her dad said."Let's go get some ice cream to celebrate."Michelle smiled happily.
（1） A.feelings B.choices C.results D.mistakes
（2） A.confident B.nervous C.sad D.excited
（3） A.riding B.jumping C.heading D.pointing
（4） A.imagining B.writing C.telling D.explaining
（5） A.book B.toys C.violin D.notes
（6） A.tears B.animals C.students D.smiles
（7） A.worry B.talk C.sing D.relax
（8） A.afraid B.proud C.tired D.sure
【考点】记叙文；日常生活．
【答案】DBCA CADB
【分析】本文讲述了Michelle第一次登台演出的经历。
【解答】（1）考查名词。句意：看，三次都没有出错。feelings感觉；choices选择；results结果；mistakes错误。根据下文"I just hope I can play that well at the concert."（我只是希望我能在音乐会上演得那么好。）可知，Michelle练习了三次都没有出错。故选D。
（2）考查形容词。句意：再过不到一个小时，她就要进行她的第一次独奏了，这个想法让她感到紧张。confident自信的；nervous紧张的；sad难过的；excited兴奋的。根据下文"Nervously"（紧张地）可知，这让她感到紧张。故选B。
（3）考查动词。句意：最后看了它们一眼，然后和父母一起走向汽车。riding骑；jumping跳；heading朝（某方向）行进；pointing指向。根据"to the car with her parents"（和父母一起走向汽车）可知，此处指"朝汽车走去"，用head to表示。故选C。
（4）考查动词。句意：她忙着想象在这么多人面前演奏会是什么样子。imagining想象；writing写；telling告诉；explaining解释。根据"what it would be like to play in front of so many people."（在这么多人面前演奏会是什么样子。）可知，Michelle忙着想象在这么多人面前演奏会是什么样子。故选A。
（5）考查名词。句意：她举起小提琴，但突然记不起第一个音符了。book书；toys玩具；violin小提琴；notes笔记。根据上文"You're lucky you don't have to play the violin in front of so many people"（你很幸运，不用在这么多人面前拉小提琴）可知，她举起了小提琴。故选C。
（6）考查名词。句意：她闭上眼睛，希望眼泪会消失。tears眼泪；animals动物；students学生；smiles微笑。根据上文"Tears filled her eyes."（泪水充满了她的眼睛。）可知，她希望眼泪消失。故选A。
（7）考查动词。句意：Michelle感觉好多了，开始放松下来。worry担心；talk谈话；sing唱；relax放松。根据上文"Strangely，the people now looked like her toy animals."（奇怪的是，人们现在看起来就像她的玩具动物。）可知，这些人现在看起来像她的玩具动物，这让Michelle开始放松下来。故选D。
（8）考查形容词。句意：我们为你感到骄傲。afraid害怕的；proud自豪的；tired累的；sure确定的。根据"When she finished，she took a big bow.She had done it—her first solo!"（当她完成时，她深深地鞠了一躬。她做了她的第一个独奏！）可知，父母为她感到骄傲。be proud of"为……感到自豪"。故选B。
【点评】首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的选项做出选择，结合选出的选项再读短文，从中找出最符合短文的选项，就可以确定正确答案。
三．阅读理解（共4小题）
10．（2024秋 房山区期末） Imagine you are going to give a speech the next day.The night before，you spend a lot of time thinking about the possible mistakes you might make and whether you're prepared enough.Well，you might be overthinking.
Overthinking means going over the same thought again and again，analyzing（分析）the simplest matters or events too much.
According to The Conversation，overthinking comes from one of our instincts（本能）.The mind will always see things in the worst possible light.Our brains are always looking for threats（威胁），to make a plan to deal with those threats and keep us safe.
Some people believe that overthinking may be helpful because it helps us look at a problem from every possible angle （角度） and get ready for what might happen.However，research suggests that overthinking can make us feel worried or nervous.
What's more，overthinking might create problems with how you get along with others.As you think the worst，make incorrect guesses，or worry about every little thing others do and say，you might misunderstand their real intentions（意图）.
So，instead of sitting and thinking about a problem again and again，you can distract yourself for a bit.That means you can take your attention away from what you are trying to do.Your brain might find better ways to solve the problem while you're doing something fun，like gardening，or even while you' re sleeping.Also，when you find yourself overthinking，try to question these thoughts.Ask yourself if they make sense and think about other possibilities.It can be hard at first，but recognizing （辨别出） that you are overthinking can help you make a change.
（1）According to the passage，overthinking can make people 　A　 .
A.have more to worry about
B.solve problems easily
C.think less about simple events
D.get on well with others
（2）What is Paragraph 3 mainly about？ 　B　
A.How to stop overthinking.
B.What makes overthinking happen.
C.Why overthinking is helpful.
D.What problems overthinking brings.
（3）To stop overthinking，the writer thinks we can 　C　 .
A.try to go over matters or events quickly
B.make a plan to deal with possible threats
C.turn our attention to something enjoyable
D.think of the worst possibility of a problem
【考点】说明文；情感与情绪．
【答案】ABC
【分析】本文主要讨论了过度思考的定义、原因、影响以及如何识别和控制过度思考。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据文章第四段"However，research suggests that overthinking can make us feel worried or nervous."（然而，研究表明，过度思考会让我们感到担忧或紧张。）可知，过度思考会让人有更多担忧。故选A。
（2）段落大意题。根据文章第三段"According to The Conversation，overthinking comes from one of our instincts （本能）."（根据对话，过度思考来自我们的一种本能。）可知，本段主要讲述了过度思考发生的原因。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据文章最后一段"So，instead of sitting and thinking about a problem again and again，you can distract yourself for a bit.That means you can take your attention away from what you are trying to do."（所以，与其坐着一遍又一遍地思考一个问题，你可以分散一下自己的注意力。这意味着你可以把你的注意力从你正在努力做的事情上转移开。）可知，为了停止过度思考，作者认为我们可以把注意力转移到令人愉快的事情上。故选C。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
11．（2024秋 延庆区期末） Are you an optimist （乐观主义者） or a pessimist （悲观主义者）？Optimists are always hopeful and positive （积极的）.Pessimists always expect the worst and see the negative （消极的） side of things.The optimist says， "The glass is half full." The pessimist says， "The glass is half empty".
Dr.Seligman is a scientist whose studies show that optimists are healthier than pessimists.Pessimists suffer from depression（抑郁）more often than optimists do.Dr.Seligman studied a group of men who had heart attacks.After eight years，most of the optimistic men were still alive，while most of the pessimistic men had died from another heart attack.
Dr.Seligman also says that optimists are more successful，athletes，politicians，and businessmen who have optimistic views of the world tend to succeed.
Here's the good news：Everyone can learn to be more optimistic.The main way is to change the way you talk to yourself.When something bad happens to pessimists，they believe it will affect their whole lives.When something bad happens to optimists，they see it as just one event.They also believe that they can solve the problem，so it won't happen again.
Here's an example：An optimist and a pessimist take a math test.They are both good students，but both of them fail this test.The pessimist thinks， "I am probably going to fail every test.It is too difficult for me.Nobody will like me because I am a terrible student." The optimist thinks， "It was only one test，I am a smart student.I know I can do much better next time."
Be kinder to yourself，be more hopeful，see the glass as half full!
（1）What does Dr.Seligman's study show？ 　A　
A.Optimists are healthier.
B.Pessimists are smarter.
C.Optimists are depressed.
D.Pessimists are terrible.
（2）According to the passage，who may succeed more easily？ 　C　
A.The man who is shy.
B.The man who is polite.
C.The man who is positive.
D.The man who is negative.
（3）How can one be more optimistic？ 　C　
A.Doing more tests.
B.Asking others for help.
C.Changing the self﹣talk way.
D.Thinking of bad things.
（4）What will the optimists think after failing a test？ 　B　
A.They will fail every test.
B.They will do better next time.
C.They will give up learning.
D.They will become terrible.
【考点】说明文；情感与情绪．
【答案】ACCB
【分析】短文主要讲述了乐观者和悲观者的区别，以及乐观对健康、成功的影响。乐观者通常更健康、更成功，因为他们看待问题总是积极正面。同时，文章也提到每个人都可以学习变得更加乐观，关键在于改变自我对话的方式，将挑战视为个别事件而非整个生活的全部，并相信自己有能力解决问题。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中句子Dr.Seligman is a scientist whose studies show that optimists are healthier than pessimists.（塞利格曼博士是一位科学家，他的研究表明乐观主义者比悲观主义者更健康。）可知，塞利格曼博士研究表明乐观主义者比悲观主义者更健康。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段句子Dr.Seligman also says that optimists are more successful，athletes，politicians，and businessmen who have optimist views of the world tend to succeed.（塞利格曼博士还表示，乐观主义者更成功，比如运动员、政治家和商人，如果他们对世界持有乐观的看法，往往能够取得成功。）可知，乐观主义者即积极的人，他们更容易成功。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据第四段中句子Everyone can learn to be more optimistic.The main way is to change the way you talk to yourself.（每个人都可以学会变得更乐观。主要的方法就是改变你与自己对话的方式。）可知，变得更乐观的主要的方法是改变你对自己说话的方式。故选C。
（4）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中句子The optimist thinks， 'It was only one test，I am a smart student.I know I can do much better next time.'（乐观主义者会想"我是一个聪明的学生。我知道下次我可以做得更好"。）可知，在考试不及格后，乐观主义者会想，他们会下次做得更好。故选B。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
12．（2024秋 朝阳区期末） Have you heard the saying"If you fall off the horse，get back on."？It means that things may get difficult，and you may make many mistakes.But you should have the passion（激情） and energy to keep going.This is called perseverance.It can help you get a lot of things.
Perseverance means keeping doing something for a long time.It doesn't matter if it is easy or difficult.For example，you practise a trick on your bike again and again.Or you finish a picture without giving up and start over.These show perseverance.Florence，a 13﹣year﹣old girl，says， "It means never giving up and trying hard to push yourself.I go running with my mum three times a week.Sometimes I feel good and sometimes I don't.But I still do it because I want to be the fastest in my class.Whether in good situations or bad ones，we need perseverance."
Studies show that when you feel hopeful and work for a goal you really want，it can reduce stress（压力） and make you feel happier.When you get something you worked hard for and face difficulties on the way，it can develop your confidence and make you feel braver to try new things.Angela Duckworth is an expert（专家） about people's thoughts and feelings.She studies perseverance and calls it"grit".She thinks that having grit is really important for us to succeed.She says， "No matter how talented（有天赋的） you are at something or how well you do in school，you must have grit.When things are hard，perseverance is even more important.It can help you get past the hard times and reach your goals."
Duckworth believes perseverance is something anyone can learn.The best way to learn it is to have a growth mind.This means believing that your brain can grow.You can get anything if you put your mind to it.So don't think， "I can't do this"，try thinking， "I can't do this…yet".As the book The Big Life Journal says， "People with a growth idea know they can get better by working hard.They keep trying even when things are difficult."
（1）Why does the writer take Florence for example in Paragraph 2？ 　A　
A.To introduce what perseverance means.
B.To talk about how to train running skills.
C.To present the advantages of perseverance.
D.To show the importance of staying with parents.
（2）According to the passage，what can help us reduce stress？ 　C　
A.Developing talents through mistakes.
B.Building confidence in hard situations.
C.Trying hard for our dreams with hope.
D.Keeping doing things without thinking.
（3）Which of the following would the writer most probably agree with？ 　D　
A.Goals are easier to reach in difficult times.
B.Talent is the most important for us to succeed.
C.Being clever will help us do well in our lessons.
D.Knowing we can get better helps us develop grit.
（4）What is the best title for the passage？ 　A　
A.The Power of Perseverance
B.The Tips to Reach the Goals
C.The Ways to Solve Difficulties
D.The Meaning of Thinking Habits
【考点】说明文；科普知识．
【答案】ACDA
【分析】本文主要讲述了毅力的重要性和如何培养毅力。文章通过引用谚语"如果你从马背上摔下来，就再爬上去"，强调了面对困难和错误时坚持不懈的重要性。文中举例说明了毅力的表现，如反复练习自行车技巧或完成一幅画作。13岁的女孩Florence分享了她对毅力的理解，即永不放弃并努力推动自己。研究显示，保持希望并为真正想要的目标努力可以减少压力并带来幸福感。安吉拉 达克沃斯（Angela Duckworth）是研究人类思想和情感的专家，她认为拥有毅力（grit）对我们成功至关重要，并且相信任何人都可以通过培养成长型思维来学习毅力。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段It means never giving up and trying hard to push yourself.（这意味着永不放弃，努力鞭策自己。）可推知，第二段以弗洛伦斯为例，目的是介绍毅力的含义。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段Studies show that when you feel hopeful and work for a goal you really want，it can reduce stress（压力） and make you feel happier.（研究表明，当你感到充满希望并为你真正想要的目标而努力时，它可以减轻压力，让你感到更快乐。）可知根据文章，带着希望为我们的梦想努力能帮助我们减轻压力。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段People with a growth idea know they can get better by working hard.They keep trying even when things are difficult.（有成长想法的人知道，通过努力工作，他们可以变得更好。即使事情很困难，他们也会继续努力。）可推断出作者可能赞成：知道我们可以变得更好有助于我们培养毅力。故选D。
（4）标题归纳题。通读全文，根据最后一段People with a growth idea know they can get better by working hard.They keep trying even when things are difficult.（有成长想法的人知道，通过努力工作，他们可以变得更好。即使事情很困难，他们也会继续努力。）可知最佳标题应为：毅力的力量，故选A。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
13．（2024秋 通州区期末） Your mind and body are connected（联系的）.How you think can affect（影响） how you feel and how you feel can affect your thinking.
An example of this mind﹣body connection is how your body responds（回应） to stress（压力）.Long term worry and stress over jobs or other problems can cause headaches，and stomach problems.It may also lead to high blood pressure or other serious problems.
On the other hand，pain（疼痛） or a health problem can affect your emotions（情绪）.You might become sad and stressed.And this could affect how you face your illness.
But your mind can have a positive（积极的） effect on your health，too.Having a positive outlook on life might help you better handle pain or stress.And it can help you stay healthier than someone who is less hopeful.
（2）
Your brain produces things that can help with your health.These things include endorphins （内啡肽），which are natural painkillers.
Research shows that what your brain produces depends in part on your thoughts，feelings，and expectations.If you're sick but you have hope and a positive attitude and you believe that you'll get better，your brain is likely to produce chemicals that will help your body heal（康复）quickly.
Negative（负面的） thoughts and emotions can keep your brain from producing some of the chemicals that help your body heal.Although people can't cure（治愈） all the illness，your thoughts and state of mind are the resources（资源） you can use to get better.
How does stress affect you？
When you are stressed，your body responds as though you are in danger.It makes hormones （激素） that speed up your heart，make you breathe faster，and give you a burst of energy.If the stress is over quickly，your body goes back to normal and no harm is done.
But if stress happens too often or lasts too long，it can have bad effects.Long﹣term stress can make you more likely to get sick，and it can make symptoms of some diseases worse.If you tense up（紧张） when you are stressed，you may have neck，shoulder，or low back pain.Stress can lead to high blood pressure and heart disease.
Stress also harms your emotional health.It can make you sad，angry or depressed and you may not do well at work or school.But when you are able to relax your mind and body，your body stops producing the hormones that create stress and you return to a state of calm again.
（1）The writer uses the example to show 　C　 .
A.stress and worries are good for our health
B.problems can be solved when people worry about them
C.our mind and body have strong connections
D.illness can affect our body but can't affect our mind
（2）Which of the following would be the best heading for Paragraphs 5﹣7？ 　A　
A.How do your thoughts and feelings affect your health？
B.What does your brain produce when you are worried？
C.What chemicals can help your body heal？
D.How do negative thoughts help people cure the illness？
（3）What can we learn from the passage？ 　B　
A.Positive ideas can help people cure all illness.
B.A positive attitude will raise your body's healing power.
C.Short﹣term stress can harm your body badly.
D.Long term stress can help improve emotional health.
（4）Why does the writer write the passage？ 　A　
A.To encourage people to have a positive outlook on life.
B.To show stress has a positive effect on people's life.
C.To tell why stress affects people's health.
D.To explain how people feel when they are ill.
【考点】说明文；科普知识．
【答案】CABA
【分析】本文主要探讨了心理与生理之间的联系，指出思维和情绪如何相互影响。长期的压力和担忧可能导致身体问题如头痛、胃病和高血压等。同时，身体的疼痛或健康问题也会影响情绪，使人感到悲伤和压力。文章还强调了积极心态对健康的正面作用，包括促进身体自愈能力和减少疾病的发生。此外，文中解释了压力对身体的影响，包括引发激素变化、增加疾病风险以及损害情绪健康，并指出放松身心的重要性。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段"An example of this mind﹣body connection is how your body responds （回应） to stress （压力）.Long﹣term worry and stress over jobs or other problems can cause headaches，and stomach problems.It may also lead to high blood pressure or other serious problems."（这种身心联系的一个例子是你的身体对压力的反应。对工作或其他问题的长期担忧和压力会导致头痛和胃病。它还可能导致高血压或其他严重的问题。）可知，作者使用这些例子是为了说明身心是紧密相连的。故选C。
（2）标题归纳题。通读第5﹣7段，可知，第五段提到大脑产生的物质对健康有帮助；第六段讲述大脑产生物质部分取决于人的想法、感受和期望，并介绍了积极的想法和情绪有助于身体康复，第七段则讲述了负面思想和情绪会阻碍大脑产生有助于身体康复的化学物质，尽管人们无法治愈所有疾病，但思想和心态是可助力身体好转的资源。故这三段主要是在讲想法和感受是如何影响健康的。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据第六段"If you're sick but you have hope and a positive attitude and you believe that you'll get better，your brain is likely to produce chemicals that will help your body heal （康复） quickly."（如果你生病了，但你有希望和积极的态度，你相信你会好起来的，你的大脑可能会产生化学物质，帮助你的身体快速愈合。）可知，积极的态度会提高你身体的治愈能力。故选B。
（4）主旨大意题。通读全文及其第一段Your mind and body are connected（联系的）.How you think can affect（影响） how you feel and how you feel can affect your thinking.（你的思想和身体是相连的。你的想法会影响你的感受，而你的感受又会影响你的想法。）可知，本文主要阐述了身心紧密相连，一方面，压力等负面情绪会引发身体不适，身体疾病也会影响情绪；另一方面，积极心态能助力身体康复，大脑产生的物质受思维、情感影响。整体是在鼓励人们拥有积极的生活态度。故选A。
【点评】在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真观察选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。
四．任务型阅读（共2小题）
14．（2024秋 东城区期末）阅读下列 app（应用程序）的介绍，请根据人物需求匹配最适合的 app，并将 app对应的选项（A、B、C、D）填在相应位置上。选项中有一项为多余选项。
A Go﹣Go City Go﹣Go City connects you with taxi drivers in 170 cities around the world from your smartphone.There's no need to wait for a taxi to pass by because the taxi comes to you in under 15 minutes，wherever you are. B Jump the Queue If you don't like waiting in line for a restaurant while on holiday，this is your app.With more than 40，000 restaurants to choose from，it's the biggest and best app of its kind.You can search for places to eat before booking your table for free.
C TravelZoom TravelZoom is the right app you need if you like travelling.You can read and write reviews （评论） of hotels you' ve visited.You can also share your travel story and check your friends' experiences. D 4 caster 4 caster allows you to know the weather in less well﹣known places，like small Greek islands or villages in northern Thailand.It gives you the weather for the whole month ahead— so you can plan what clothes to take with you.
（1）　B　 I love food and eat out as often as possible when I visit a city.I want to know the best places to eat there.
（2）　D　 I like visiting unusual places during the holidays.Before I go away，I want to know exactly what I need to take with me.
（3）　A　 I don't like driving on holidays.I am looking for an app to find cars to take me from the airport to the hotel.
【考点】应用文；个人情况．
【答案】BDA
【分析】（1）我喜欢食物，当我访问一个城市时，我尽可能多地在外面吃饭。我想知道那里最好吃的地方。
（2）我喜欢在假期去不寻常的地方。在我离开之前，我想确切地知道我需要带什么。
（3）我不喜欢在假期开车。我正在寻找一个应用程序来查找从机场到酒店的汽车。
A.Go Go City
Go Go City通过智能手机将您与全球170个城市的出租车司机联系起来。无需等待出租车经过，因为无论你身在何处，出租车都会在15分钟内到达。
B.Jump the Queue
如果你不喜欢在度假时排队等餐馆，这是你的应用程序。它有40000多家餐厅可供选择，是同类中最大、最好的应用程序。您可以在免费预订餐桌之前搜索用餐地点。
C.TravelZoom
如果你喜欢旅行，TravelZoom是你需要的正确应用程序。您可以阅读和撰写您访问过的酒店的评论。您还可以分享您的旅行故事，并查看朋友的经历。
D.4 caster
4 caster让你知道不太知名的地方的天气，比如希腊的小岛或泰国北部的村庄。它为你提供了未来一个月的天气情况，这样你就可以计划带什么衣服。
【解答】（1）细节推理题。根据I love food and eat out as often as possible when I visit a city.I want to know the best places to eat there. （我喜欢食物，当我访问一个城市时，我尽可能多地在外面吃饭。我想知道那里最好吃的地方。）可知说的是食物，结合选项，应说"如果你不喜欢在度假时排队等餐馆，这是你的应用程序。它有40000多家餐厅可供选择，是同类中最大、最好的应用程序。您可以在免费预订餐桌之前搜索用餐地点。"故选B。
（2）细节推理题。根据I like visiting unusual places during the holidays.Before I go away，I want to know exactly what I need to take with me. （我喜欢在假期去不寻常的地方。在我离开之前，我想确切地知道我需要带什么。）可知说的是天气，结合选项，应说"4 caster让你知道不太知名的地方的天气，比如希腊的小岛或泰国北部的村庄。它为你提供了未来一个月的天气情况，这样你就可以计划带什么衣服。"故选D。
（3）细节推理题。根据I don't like driving on holidays.I am looking for an app to find cars to take me from the airport to the hotel. （我不喜欢在假期开车。我正在寻找一个应用程序来查找从机场到酒店的汽车。）可知说的是出租车，结合选项，应说"Go Go City通过智能手机将您与全球170个城市的出租车司机联系起来。无需等待出租车经过，因为无论你身在何处，出租车都会在15分钟内到达。"故选A。
【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
15．（2024秋 石景山区期末）阅读下列项目式学习活动的介绍，请根据人物的兴趣爱好匹配最合适的项目，并将项目式所对应的选项（A、B、C、D）填在相应位置上。其中一个为多余选项。
A.The Story Channel In this project，students build their reading skills.Students work in teams to choose stories，plan and produce their dramatic readings as video stories for a class Storytime Channel. B.Welcome to the Neighborhood! In this project，students create a shared newcomer's guide to important places in the neighborhood around their community.They create maps and write descriptions of the places in the guide.
C.Journey to the Red Planet（行星） In this project，students explore the history of space travel and the science of Mars exploration.They use the engineering design process to find problems about Mars exploration. D.Taking Care of Our Environment In this project，students work in teams to solve environmental problems.They design tools that can help their teams solve the problems and develop training materials that teach others how to use the tools.
（1）　C　 Cathy is interested in outer space.She wants to learn something about other planets.
（2）　B　 Jimmy loves helping others.He wants to help new friends get to know the community.
（3）　A　 William often spends his free time reading stories.He wants to improve his reading skills.
【考点】应用文；个人情况；兴趣爱好．
【答案】CBA
【分析】（1）凯茜对外太空很感兴趣。她想了解其他星球的情况。
（2）吉米喜欢帮助别人。他想帮助新朋友了解社区。
（3）威廉经常用他的空闲时间读故事。他想提高自己的阅读能力。
A.故事频道
在这个项目中，学生们建立了他们的阅读技能。学生们以小组为单位选择故事，计划并制作他们的戏剧读物作为课堂故事时间频道的视频故事。
B.欢迎来到这个社区！
在这个项目中，学生们创建了一个共享的新来者指南，介绍他们社区周围重要的地方。他们制作地图，并在指南中描述这些地方。
C.红色星球之旅
在这个项目中，学生探索太空旅行的历史和火星探测的科学。它们使用工程设计过程来发现火星探测的问题。
D.爱护环境
在这个项目中，学生们以小组形式解决环境问题。他们设计工具来帮助他们的团队解决问题，并开发培训材料来教其他人如何使用这些工具。
【解答】（1）细节推理题。根据Cathy is interested in outer space.She wants to learn something about other planets.（凯茜对外太空很感兴趣。她想了解其他星球的情况。）可知说的是对外太空很感兴趣，结合选项，C选项"红色星球之旅：在这个项目中，学生探索太空旅行的历史和火星探测的科学。它们使用工程设计过程来发现火星探测的问题。"符合语境。故选C。
（2）细节推理题。根据Jimmy loves helping others.He wants to help new friends get to know the community.（吉米喜欢帮助别人。他想帮助新朋友了解社区。）可知说的是想帮助新朋友了解社区，结合选项，B选项"欢迎来到这个社区！在这个项目中，学生们创建了一个共享的新来者指南，介绍他们社区周围重要的地方。他们制作地图，并在指南中描述这些地方。"符合语境。故选B。
（3）细节推理题。根据William often spends his free time reading stories.He wants to improve his reading skills.（威廉经常用他的空闲时间读故事。他想提高自己的阅读能力。）可知说的是喜欢读故事，想提高阅读能力，结合选项，A选项"故事频道：在这个项目中，学生们建立了他们的阅读技能。学生们以小组为单位选择故事，计划并制作他们的戏剧读物作为课堂故事时间频道的视频故事。"符合语境。故选A。
【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，在抓住关键句子的基础上合理地分析才能得出正确的答案。
五．书面表达（共1小题）
16．（2024秋 门头沟区期末）某英文网站正在组织学生进行故事分享交流活动。假设你是李华，请你用英文写一篇短文投稿，分享一个你最喜欢的故事，包括故事的名称、主要人物以及主要内容。
提示词语：favourite，main character（人物）
提示问题： ●What's the name of your favourite story？
●Who are the main characters？
●What's the story about？
My Favourite Story Sharing
【考点】记叙文；兴趣爱好．
【答案】
My Favourite Story Sharing
My name is Li Hua.My favourite story is "The Three Little Pigs." The main characters are three little pigs and a big bad wolf.The story is about how the three little pigs each build a house.The first pig builds a house of straw，but the wolf blows it down easily.The second pig builds a house of sticks，but the wolf also blows it down.The third pig，however，builds a house of bricks.When the wolf comes to blow it down，he cannot.In the end，the clever third pig saves his brothers and they all live happily together in their strong brick house.I like this story because it teaches us to work hard and be smart.
【分析】【高分句型一】
When the wolf comes to blow it down，he cannot.
翻译：当狼来吹它的时候，他不能。
分析：句子中应用了when引导的时间状语从句。
【高分句型二】
I like this story because it teaches us to work hard and be smart.
翻译：我喜欢这个故事，因为它教会我们要努力工作，要聪明。
分析：句子中应用了because引导的原因状语从句。
【解答】
My Favourite Story Sharing
My name is Li Hua.My favourite story is "The Three Little Pigs." （介绍最喜欢的故事）The main characters are three little pigs and a big bad wolf.（介绍主要人物）The story is about how the three little pigs each build a house.The first pig builds a house of straw，but the wolf blows it down easily.The second pig builds a house of sticks，but the wolf also blows it down.The third pig，however，builds a house of bricks.When the wolf comes to blow it down，he cannot.【高分句型一】In the end，the clever third pig saves his brothers and they all live happily together in their strong brick house.（介绍故事内容）I like this story because it teaches us to work hard and be smart.【高分句型二】
【点评】能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。
考点卡片
1．人称代词的宾格
【考点介绍】
该考点是指句子中放在动词或介词之后充当宾语的代词形式，用来代表人或物。它必须在人称（第一人称、第二人称、及第三人称）、数（单数、复数）以及性（阴性、阳性、中性）三方面与被指代的名词一致。在英语中，人称代词的宾格包括我（me）、你（you）、他（him）、她（her）、它（it）、我们（us）、你们（you）、他们（them）。
用法：
1.作直接宾语
Mr Liu teaches her English．刘先生教她英文．
2.作间接宾语
Could you show me the way to the school？你可以指给我去学校的路吗？
3.作介词的宾语
She often goes to school with me．她经常和我一起上学．
注意：
有时在叙述故事时常把动物人格化，可爱、美丽的动物用she来表示，凶猛的动物用he或it表示；表示船只、祖国、大地、月亮等时常用代词she．因此在宾语位置指代这些词时，也要用对应的宾格形式。
【典型例题】
Mr.Wang is over there.Why not go and say hello to ？（　　）
A．he
B．him
C．it
D．its
分析：王先生在那边。为什么不过去跟他打声招呼呢？
解答：答案：B.根据句子结构，空格处差宾语，所以要用代词的宾格。又因为Mr Wang指人，所以只有him符合题意。
故选：B。
点评：掌握人称代词的用法，熟悉句子结构，得出答案
【解题思路】
1.确定动词或介词，并根据句子中的动词或介词所涉及的对象，选择正确的人称代词宾格形式。
2.注意单数与复数的形式：需要根据句子中的主语个数选择正确的人称代词形式。
3.注意性别：需要根据句子中的主语性别选择正确的人称代词形式。
2．时间介词
【考点介绍】
介词是一种虚词，是英语中最活跃的词类之一，也是中考中经常涉及的考点，其用法变化多样．介词不能单独使用，英语里大部分用语都是由介词和名词、代词或动名词构成介词短语，在句中做表语，定语、状语、宾语补足语等成分。常用的表示时间的介词包括：at，in，on，during，before，after等。正确使用介词可以清晰地表达时间概念，同时也可以增加句子的准确性和可读性。
时间介词的辨析：
1.at，in on
at 表示时间点或固定用法．
例如：at six o'clock，at noon，at midnight．
in 表示在某个世纪，某年，某月，某个季节以及早晨，上午，下午，晚上．
例如：in the nineteenth century，in 2002，in May，in winter，in the morning等．
on 表示特定的日子，具体的某一天，星期，节日，某一天的上午，下午，晚上等．
例如：on Monday，on July 1st，on Sunday morning等．
2.since，after，for
由since和after 引导的词组都可表示从过去某一点开始的时段，但since词组表示的时段一直延续到说话的时刻，因而往往要与现在完成时连用．而after词组所表示的时段纯系过去，因而要与一般过去时连用．for引导一段时间，可于多种时态连用，但必须是延续性动词．
例如：
I haven't heard from him since last summer．自从去年夏天，我再也没有收到他的信．
After five days the boy came back．五天后，这男孩回来了．
We have an art lesson for two hours in the afternoon．我们下午有节美术课要上两个小时．
I have had this bike for three years．我买这辆自行车三年了．
3.in，after
In与将来时态连用时，表示"过多长时间以后"的意思，后面跟表示一段时间的词语．After与将来时态连用时，后面只能跟表示时间点的词语．After与过去时态连用时，后面才能跟表示一段时间的词语．
例如：
He will be back in two months．他在两个月后回来．
He will arrive after four o'clock．四点钟后，他到达．
He returned after a month．一个月后，他回来了．
【典型例题】
________a cold winter morning，I met her in the street.（　　）
A．In
B．On
C．At
D．For
分析：在冬天的一个寒冷早上，我在街上见过她。
解答：指在具体某天的早/中/晚应用介词on。
故选：B。
点评：单项选择是一种容量大、考查面广的题型。它可集中考查词法、句法、语法知识。因此在各级各类考试中，单项选择是必不可少的题型。解答单项选择题，一般要经过四个阶段 ：阅读审题—观察分析—选择判断—复查验证。
【解题思路】
1.确定时间：首先需要确定句子中需要表示的时间是具体的还是模糊的。
2.找到合适的介词：根据所需表示的时间选择合适的介词。例如：at用于具体的时刻或日期；in用于表示某个时间段内；on用于具体的某一天或某一天的特定部分；during用于表示某个时间段内持续的状态或动作；before用于表示某个时间点之前；after用于表示某个时间点之后。
3.分析介词的用法：通常介词后面接的是名词或代词，表示时间关系。
4.检查搭配：检查介词与其他词的搭配是否正确。
5.确定答案：从选项中选择与句子中正确的介词和用法相符的选项作为答案。
3．形容词的最高级
【考点介绍】
用于描述三个或更多物体或人之间的比较关系，并指出哪个物体或人具有最多的特定品质。
1.单音节和少数双音节形容词的规则变化情况
1）在原级的词尾加﹣est变为最高级
原级 最高级
short shortest
young youngest
2）如原级以e结尾，则最高级只加﹣st
原级 最高级
Large largest
brave bravest
3）如原级以"辅音字母+y"结尾，要将y改为i，再加﹣est
原级 最高级
dirty dirtiest
busy busiest
4）原级以重读闭音节结尾，而且末尾只有一个辅音字母，要双写这个辅音字母，再加﹣est
原级 最高级
fat fattest
hot hottest
2.大多数双音节和多音节形容词的规则变化，是在原级前面加most变成最高级
原级 最高级
beautiful most beautiful
interesting most interesting
注意问题点拨：某些单音节形容词，如tired，pleased，real，glad等，加more，most构成比较级和最高级
原级 最高级
real most real
3.有少数形容词的最高级是不规则的
原级 最高级
good best
ill worst
bad worst
many most
much most
little least
far farthest
far furthest
注意问题点拨：有几个形容词的比较级和最高级有两种不同的形式，它们的意思也不同
原级 最高级
old oldest 最旧，最老
old eldest 最年长
far f farthest 最远 （指距离）
far furthest 最深 （指程度）
【典型例题】
Pudong International Airport is one of ________ airports in the world.（　　）
A．bigB．biggerC．biggestD．the biggest
分析：浦东国际机场是世界最大的机场之一。
解答：分析句子结构和意思可知，句子有in the world作状语，表示比较的范围，所以形容词big用最高级形式，修饰后面的名词airports，表示"世界最大的机场之一"，D项正确。
故选：D。
点评：大多数的形容词都有三个级别：原级、比较级、最高级。其中比较级表示"更……"，用于两者之间的比较，用来说明"前者比后者更……"，比较级前面一般用much，even，a little修饰，其中even，much 只能修饰比较级。当三个或三个以上的人或事物进行比较时，我们需要用到形容词的最高级。根据句意，弄清楚是比较级的哪种形式，然后选择正确答案。
【解题思路】
1.确定语境：首先，确定这个句子是在比较三个或更多的物体还是人。
2.找出最高级形式：在确定的语境中，找到形容词的最高级形式。通常，这是以"﹣est"结尾的。
3.理解含义：最高级通常表示一个物体或人比其他所有比较的对象拥有更多的特定品质。
4.确定关系：是在比较大小、长度、重量，还是在比较能力或其他特征？
5.做出选择：基于以上理解，你可以从选项中选出正确的答案。
4．副词的最高级
【考点介绍】
副词的最高级用于表示某动作或状态在特定范围内是最高或最强烈的。
1.最高级变化规则
1）单音节副词规则变化是在词尾加﹣est构成最高级
high﹣﹣highest
wide﹣﹣widest
2）多音节副词要在词前面加most构成最高级
quickly﹣﹣most quickly
carefully﹣﹣most carefully
slowly﹣﹣most slowly
3）副词最高级不规则变化：
原级 最高级
well best
badly worst
much most
little least
early earliest
far farthest
far furthest
2.常用的句型结构
1）"主语+实意动词+ （the）+副词最高级+单数名词+in/of短语" 表示.......国...的"。例如：
I jump （the） farthest in my class.我是我们班跳得最远的。
2）"特殊疑问词+be+the+副词最高级+甲，乙，or丙？"用于三者以上的比较。例如：
Which season do you like （the） best，spring，summer or autumn？你最喜欢哪一个季节，春天，夏天还是秋天？
3）"特殊疑问词+be+the+最高级+甲，乙，or丙？"用于三者以上的比较。例如：
Which country is the largest，China，Brazil or Canada？哪一个国家最大，中国，巴西还是加拿大？
【典型例题】
Which do you like _______，coffee，tea or milk？（　　）
A．the worstB．worseC．the worseD．worst
分析：咖啡，茶还是牛奶，你最不喜欢哪一种？
解答：分析句意可知，横线处表达的意思是"咖啡，茶还是牛奶，你最不喜欢哪一种？"，故横线处用的是最高级，此处为副词最高级用来修饰动词like，故最高级前通常不用冠词。
故选：D。
点评：本题考查副词的最高级。单项选择题考查内容广泛，涉及词汇、语法、习语、日常用语等。在有限的题量中注意知识的覆盖面，设计特定的语境综合考查学生在一定语境中运用语言知识的能力。
【解题思路】
1.确定题目所给的情境和需要比较的范围。
2.根据题干中的信息，确定需要最高级形式的副词或副词短语。
3.直接使用最高级形式进行比较，或者使用 as...as 结构进行比较。
4.根据题目要求完成句子。
5．表示转折关系的连词
【考点介绍】
表示转折关系的连词有：
but"但是"；while"而"；however"然而"；though（although）"虽然"等。
具体考点如下：
The doctors tried to save the patient，but they failed.
Lucy likes red while Lily likes white.
He worked hard.However，he failed.他很努力，然而还是失败了。
【典型例题】
It's snowing heavily，______ some farmers are still working on the farm.
butB.orC.becauseD.so
分析：雪下得很大，但一些农民仍在农场干活。
解答：but但是；or或者；because因为；so所以。根据"雪下得很大，......一些农民仍在农场干活。"可知，表示转折，填but"但是"。故选：A。
点评：连词可以表并列、承接、转折、因果、选择、假设、比较、让步等关系，要结合语境，选择合适连词用法。
【解题思路】
理解句意是做好和连词有关题目的关键！
6．must的用法
【考点介绍】
must表示主观看法时，意为"必须"，表示对某件事情的必要性或强制性，有一定的意义，但不完整，不能独立作谓语，只能和动词原形一起构成谓语。在疑问句中，must的肯定回答为must，否定回答为needn't或don't have to。
【典型例题】
It's eleven o'clock already.______ you watch the movie at such a late hour？（　　）
A．Can
B．Must
C．May
D．Shall
分析：已经11点了。你偏要在这么晚看电影吗？
解答：A.Can能，可以；B.Must必须，一定，偏要；C.May可以，可能；D.Shall（表示说话人的允诺、命令、决心等，用于陈述句的第二、三人称）必须，应，可。情态动词must可以表示坚持或固执，B项表达"偏要，偏偏"符合语境。
故选：B。
点评：考查情态动词的用法，弄清楚各个情态动词的含义以及特殊用法，然后结合语境选择正确答案。
【解题思路】
1.表示强制性或必要性：当要表达某件事情是必须完成或遵守的，使用must。
2.表示推测：must也可以表示有把握的推测，意为"一定，肯定"，用于肯定句。当要对现在或未来的情况作推测时，后接动词原形；对过去情况的推测，接动词完成式。
3.需要注意的是，must表示推测时只用于肯定句，一般不用于否定句或疑问句。同时，must的否定形式为mustn't，表示禁止或不许。另外，当must引导疑问句时，肯定回答为must，否定回答为needn't或don't have to。
7．一般过去时
【考点介绍】
一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态，过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为，过去主语所具备的能力和性格。在一般过去时态中，动词使用过去式，通常是在动词后加﹣ed或﹣d形式。
1.结构
（1）主谓宾结构：主语+谓语（动词过去式）+句子其他成分．
He did his homework yesterday．
（2）主系表结构：主语+was/were+其它．
She was a student ten years ago．
2.用法
（1）一般过去时，表示过去某个时间里发生的非持续性动作或存在的状态，也表示经常或反复发生的动作．用动词的过去式表示，常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如：yesterday，last night，in+过去的年份，two days ago，before，the age of等．
（2）一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常和often，always等表示频率的时间状语连用．表示过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为；过去主语所具备的能力和性格．
3.易混淆点
一般过去时与现在完成时
（1）一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作．说话的侧重点只在于陈述一件过去的事情，不强调对"现在"产生的影响．
（2）现在完成时表示动作发生在过去，对现在造成了影响或产生了结果．不与确定的过去时间状语连用．
【典型例题】
When I started my PhD and realized that I would need financial help，I ________ to the student advice office and told them that I was a carer.（　　）
A．would go
B．had gone
C．was going
D．went
分析：当我开始攻读博士学位，意识到自己需要经济帮助时，我去了学生咨询办公室，告诉他们我是一名护工。
解答：分析句子可知，空处为主句的谓语，结合句中"and told them"可知，空处动词的时态和and后的told并列，所以空处用一般过去时。D项正确。
故选：D。
点评：解答此类问题要了解各种时态的基本含义，并区别各种时态之间的差异，了解某些时态的特殊用法，然后结合语境选择正确答案。
【解题思路】
1.确定时态：首先确定句子所描述的动作或状态是发生在过去，还是现在或未来。如果动作或状态发生在过去，那么可以使用一般过去时态。
2.选择正确的动词形式：在一般过去时态中，动词使用过去式，通常是在动词后加﹣ed或﹣d形式。如果句子主语是第三人称单数（如he/she/it等），则动词使用过去式的单数形式（如worked/walked等）。如果句子主语是复数形式（如they/we等），则动词使用过去式的复数形式（如worked/walked等）。
3.注意特殊情况：有一些动词在一般过去时态中使用的形式与其基本形式不同，例如be动词（was/were）、have动词（had/have）等。在使用这些动词时需要注意其正确形式。
8．现在进行时
【考点介绍】
现在进行时表示正在进行或正在发生的动作或状态；也表示当前一段时间内一直从事的动作。在现在进行时态中，动词使用现在进行式，通常是在动词后加﹣ing形式。对于现在进行时的考查，多以单选、句型转换、语法填空或词语运用的形式考查学生在具体语境中灵活运用时态的能力。
1.结构
（1）现在进行时的构成：主语+be+动词ing[现在分词]形式．
①第一人称+am+doing+sth，I am doing my homework．
②第二人称+are+doing +sth，We are waiting for you．
③第三人称+is+doing+sth，Mr．Green is writing another novel．
（2）现在分词变化规则：
①直接+ ing．
②去e+ing．
③重读闭音节，且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写辅音字母+ing．
④特殊变化：die﹣dying，lie﹣lying，tie﹣tying．
⑤不规则变化．
2.用法
（1）表示现在正在进行的动作或发生的事．
（2）表示现阶段正在进行的动作或发生的事．
（3）表示某个按最近的计划或安排将要进行的动作，或即将开始/结束的动作．常用的这类的词有：go，leave，come，arrive，land，meet，move，return，start，stay，stop，do，dine，give，have，pay，join，punish，spend，sleep，take，change，fly，work，wear，see，lunch，play等．
（4）动作动词的进行时与always，forever，continually，constantly等连用，表示