《创新课堂》Unit 1 Science and Scientists Section Ⅲ 课件 高中英语选择性必修第二册（人教版）
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| 名称 | 《创新课堂》Unit 1 Science and Scientists Section Ⅲ 课件 高中英语选择性必修第二册（人教版） |
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| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 1.8MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2026-02-05 00:00:00 | ||
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(共131张PPT)
Section Ⅲ Using Language
目 录
01
Part Ⅰ Talk about scientific experiences
02
Part Ⅱ Write about what makes a great scientist
03
课时检测·提能力
Part Ⅰ
Talk about scientific experiences
一、听力清障
1. shadow n.阴影；影子；背光处
2. rainbow n.彩虹
3. pour vt.倒出；倾泻；斟（饮料）
4. reflect vt.反射
5. a hall of mirrors一大厅的镜子
6. look at a blue screen看着一个蓝色的屏幕
7. cast different shadows投射出不同的阴影
8. a giant piano keyboard一个巨大的钢琴键盘
二、教材听力二次开发
（一）听力测试
1. How is Bill feeling now？ （ ）
A. Terrible.
B. Much better.
C. Just so-so.
√
2. Where are the people in the conversation going ？（ ）
A. A science museum.
B. A cinema.
C. A theatre.
3. What kinds of things can you do there？（ ）
A. Learn about knowledge of music.
B. Learn about space travel.
C. Try different activities to learn about sound， light and reflection.
√
√
（二）听力填空
Judy：Oh， I’m so sorry that you were ill and couldn’t come with us on
our field trip.How are you feeling now？ Better？
Bill：Much better， thanks.But how was it？
Judy：Wonderful！ I especially liked 1.
.It was really cool.They had a hall of mirrors where I could
2. ！
Bill：A hall of mirrors can be a lot of fun.What else did they have？
an area of the museum called
Light Games
see myself reflected thousands of times
Judy：Well， they had an experiment where we looked at a blue screen for
a while， and then suddenly we could 3.
on it.You’ll never guess what those bright lights were！
Bill：Come on， tell me！
Judy：They were our own blood cells.For some reason， our eyes
4. when we look at a blue screen， and we can see
our own blood cells moving around like little lights！ But there was
another thing I liked better.I stood in front of a white light， and it cast
different shadows of me， in every colour of the rainbow！
see tiny bright lights moving
around
play tricks on us
Bill：Oh， I wish I had been there.Tell me more！
Judy：Well， they had another area for sound.They had a giant piano
keyboard that you could use your feet to play.But then， instead of playing
the sounds of a piano， it 5. ！
Then they had a giant dish， and when you speak into it， it reflected the
sound back and made it louder.You could use it to 6.
to someone 17 metres away.
Bill：It all sounds so cool.I wish I could have gone with you.
played the voices of classical singers
speak in a
whisper
Judy：I know， but we can go together this weekend.I’d love to go there
again！
Bill：That sounds like a great idea！
如何解推理判断题
推理判断类听力题主要考查考生对听力材料中隐含的深层含义的
理解能力。它要求考生能根据听力内容做出合乎逻辑的推断，包括考
生对观点的理解、态度的判断，对修辞、语气、隐含意思等的理解。
此类题型常见的解题策略如下：
1. 抓住关键信息进行正向或逆向推理
要抓住所听到内容中的关键信息，即某些关键词语去分析、推理、判
断，利用正向或逆向进行推理，推断出听力中隐含的信息，如对话中
出现的时间、地点、人物关系等信息。
2. 运用已有知识、经验，结合听到的相关内容进行推理
3. 利用听到的背景信息，进行整体推理判断
4. 抓住材料主旨，避免掉入细节理解题的陷阱
Part Ⅱ
Write about what makes a great scientist
1. Why did Qian Xuesen come back to China？（ ）
A. He wanted to serve his country.
B. He met with difficulties in America.
C. He was a hero in China.
D. He missed his family.
√
2. What made Qian Xuesen so creative and outstanding according to the
passage？（ ）
A. His strong interest in art like music and drawing.
B. His research in the United States.
C. His friends’ encouragement.
D. His habit of reading a lot.
√
3. What does the word “holds” in the sentence “The first was the steady
state theory，which holds that the universe has no beginning or end.”
mean？（ ）
A. Gets. B. Points.
C. Closes. D. Declares.
4. What helped Hawking in his fight against the disease？（ ）
A. Cleverness. B. Dreams.
C. Determination. D. Mistakes.
√
√
核心词汇集释
1. pour vt.倒出；倾泻；斟（饮料）
【用法】
pour down （雨）倾盆而下；（泪水）流下
pour out 涌出；倒出
pour in 涌入
pour ...into ... 朝……里面倒…
【佳句】 Rain poured down from the sky，making it more difficult for
us to find our way home.So frustrated were we that tears poured down our
cheeks.
大雨倾盆而下，使我们更难找到回家的路。我们非常沮丧，泪水从脸
颊上滑落。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The Great Wall is such a well-known tourist attraction that millions of
tourists pour every year.
②You have poured your sweat， your blood， and your heart
this game.
in
into
【写美】 完成句子
③一下课，激动的学生疯狂地欢呼着从教室蜂拥而出。 （动作
描写）
With the class over， the thrilled students
， cheering wildly.
poured out of the
classroom
2. break out （战争、打斗等不愉快的事情）突然开始；爆发
教材原句 However， after the Songhu Battle broke out in 1932， Qian
made the decision to switch his major to aviation because he realised that
China needed its own powerful air force to protect and defend the country.
不过，1932年淞沪抗战爆发后，钱学森意识到中国需要建设强大的空
军来保卫国家，因此决定改学航空专业。
【用法】
break away from 挣脱；逃离
break down （谈判）失败；出故障；（身体） 垮掉；分解；消
除（分歧）
break in 打断谈话；插话；闯入（行窃）（不加宾语）
break into 强行闯入
break up 打碎，破碎；结束；解散；衰落
【佳句】 Unluckily，a terrible quarrel broke out between my best
friend and me.What’s worse，I broke up with her and we didn’t know
how to break down our disagreement.不幸的是，我最好的朋友和我爆
发了激烈的争吵。更糟糕的是，我和她的关系破裂了，我们不知道如
何消除我们的分歧。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①I was still sleeping when the fire broke ， and then it spread
quickly.
②He broke rudely， “I am not to blame.” Then he stormed out of
the room in extreme anger.
③The truck my dad drove often broke on the way，which
made my dad in trouble.
out
in
down
【写美】 完成句子
④我们必须摆脱这些对我们身心健康有不良影响的旧风俗。
（建议信）
We must which have a bad influence
on our mental and physical health.
break away from the old customs
3. defend vt.保卫；防守；辩解
【用法】
（1）defend ...from/against （doing）... 保护……免受……
defend oneself from/against sth保护自己不受……；对……为自己辩护
（2）defence n. 防御；辩护；保卫
in defence of 保卫；为……辩护
in sb’s defence 为某人辩护
（3）defensive adj. 防御性的；自我保护的
【佳句】 Mac jumped off the bike， seized the bike and threw it at the
wolf with all his strength to defend himself. （肢体动作描写）
Mac跳下自行车，抓起自行车，用尽全力把它扔向狼来保护自己。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①People should try their best to defend the environment
pollution.
②My assistant stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands as if
in （defend） of herself.
against/from
defence
【写美】 一句多译
③看到这条凶猛的蛇，他像箭一样冲过去保护儿子。 （肢体动
作描写）
→Seeing the fierce snake， he .
（defend）
→Seeing the fierce snake， he
.（defence）
rushed to defend his son like an arrow
rushed in defence of his son like an
arrow
4. in charge of 主管；掌管；负责
教材原句 He received a hero’s welcome from his homeland and was put
in charge of not only developing China’s rocket science but also its space
and missile programme.
他受到了祖国英雄般的欢迎，受命发展中国的火箭科学以及航天和导
弹项目。
【用法】
（1）in the charge of 由……负责；被……掌管
take charge of 负责/看管（表动作）
free of charge 免费
（2）charge （sb） for ... 为……（向某人）收费/要价
charge sb with （doing） sth 指控某人（做）某事
【佳句】 Tears of sadness and terror poured down the boy’s
cheeks，because he was charged with stealing the woman’s gold
ring. （情绪描写）
悲伤和恐惧的泪水顺着男孩的脸颊流淌下来，因为他被控告偷了那位
女士的金戒指。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The West Branch of Suzhou Museum is scheduled to open to the public
free charge.
②Could I speak to whoever is charge of International Sales，
please？
of
in
【写美】 同义句转换
③I will be in charge of the English speech competition，which makes me
greatly honored.
→The English speech competition will ，
which makes me greatly honored.
→I will ， which makes
me greatly honored.
be in the charge of me
take charge of the English speech competition
重点句型解构
1. 句型公式：“否定词＋比较级”表达最高级含义
教材原句 Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on
China’s aerospace science than Qian Xuesen.
也许再没有哪一位科学家比钱学森对中国航天科学的影响更大的了。
【用法】
（1）否定词＋比较级＝最高级，意为“没有比……更……；没有
像……一样……”，常用的否定词有：no，not，never，nothing，
nobody，hardly等。
（2）can/could＋never/not＋ ...＋形容词/副词＋enough＝can/could＋
never/not＋ ...＋too＋形容词/副词，意为“再怎么……也不为过”。
【品悟】 As far as I am concerned， nothing is more significant than
keeping physically and mentally healthy.As a result，I can’t stress the
importance of keeping balance between our studies and relaxation too
much.
在我看来，没有什么比保持身心健康更重要的了。因此，我怎么强调
保持学习和放松之间的平衡的重要性也不为过。
【写美】 完成句子
①“没有人比你更热心了。我真是太感谢你了。”大卫激动地说，声音
颤抖着。
“ .I
，” David said excitedly，his voice trembling.
②我深信没有一个地方比位于我们图书馆三楼的自习室更适合学
习的了。
I am greatly convinced that
the self-study room located on the third floor of our library.
Nobody is more warm-hearted than you
can’t thank you
enough
no place is more suitable for studying than
③我坚信没有人比我们班长更适合当候选人了。 （推荐信）
I hold the firm belief that nobody is a candidate than
our monitor.
more qualified
2. 句型公式：not only ...but also ...不仅……而且……
教材原句 He received a hero’s welcome from his homeland and was put
in charge of not only developing China’s rocket science but also its space
and missile programme.
他受到了祖国英雄般的欢迎，受命发展中国的火箭科学以及航天和导
弹项目。
【用法】
（1）not only ...but also ...意为“不仅……而且……”，连接两个平行结
构，当连接两个名词作主语时，谓语动词要根据but also 后的名词决
定单复数（就近原则）；
（2）not only位于句首时，not only后面的句子要用部分倒装，but
also后面的句子不倒装。
【品悟】 The experience not only provided me with an
opportunity to connect my artistic creation with nature，but also
enhanced my willingness to take inspiration from nature in the
future. （2024·新课标Ⅰ卷）
这段经历不仅让我有机会将自己的艺术创作与自然联系起来，也增强
了我今后从自然中汲取灵感的意愿。
【写美】 一句多译/句型转换
①我们不仅要尊重这些伟大的科学家，而且要学习他们的科学精神。
→We should ， but we
should also learn the scientific spirits from them.
→ these great scientists， but we
should also learn the scientific spirits from them. （倒装句）
not only show respect for these great scientists
Not only should we show respect for
②We not only gained knowledge of gardening but also had a better
understanding of nature from this activity.
→ but also had a better
understanding of nature from this activity. （倒装句）
Not only did we gain knowledge of gardening
Step 1｜品教材课文
THE FATHER OF CHINA’S AEROSPACE
Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on China’s
aerospace science than Qian Xuesen.Described by the authors of the Story
of Qian Xuesen as a man with “great scientific thought and scientific spirit”
who was patriotic and served his homeland with effort， achievement，
and devotion， Qian was an extremely well-respected man.
Born in Shanghai in 1911， Qian attended schools in Beijing and then
entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University to study Railway Mechanical
Engineering.[1]However， after the Songhu Battle broke out in 1932，
Qian made the decision to switch his major to aviation because he realised
that China needed its own powerful air force to protect and defend the
country.
[1]这是一个复合句。after引导时间状语从句；because引导原因
状语从句。
Qian went to the United States in 1935 to pursue his graduate
studies.Over the course of the 1930s and 1940s， Qian became a pioneer in
American jet and rocket technology.As a graduate assistant at the
California Institute of Technology during the 1930s， Qian helped conduct
important research into rocket propulsion， and in the 1940s， he and
several other people founded the Jet Propulsion Laboratory， now one of
NASA’s leading space-exploration centres.
After overcoming some difficulties during his final few years in the
US， Qian returned to China in 1955.He received a hero’s welcome from
his homeland and was put in charge of not only developing China’s rocket
science but also its space and missile programme.At that time， China was
poor and its rocket science was undeveloped.No institute or university in
China offered rocket science as a major， and there were no talents or
experts in this field in China.Nevertheless， Qian did not let that
discourage him from taking on the challenge.When he was asked “Can we
Chinese possibly make missiles？”
， his reply was a determined “Why not？ We Chinese are able to make
the same things that other people make.”
[2]Under Qian’s leadership， China developed the Dongfeng
missiles， followed by the first generation of Long March rockets.In
1970， China successfully launched its first man-made satellite， Dong
Fang Hong Ⅰ， from a Long March rocket.Because much of the technology
behind the Shenzhou spacecraft can also be traced back to Qian’s
research， Qian earned the name of “the father of China’s aerospace”.
[2]这是一个简单句。过去分词短语followed by ...在句中作状语。
Qian read a lot and was extremely knowledgeable， especially in the
area of frontier science research.However， what might have made him
such an outstanding and creative scientist was probably his strong interest
in other things， such as music and drawing.His deep appreciation for art
often gave him inspiration in his scientific research.
On 31 October 2009， the whole country was saddened by Qian’s
death， and people honoured and remembered him in different ways.
A WORLD OF PURE THOUGHT
Stephen Hawking was one of the most famous and gifted scientists in
physics.Most people are familiar with images of him in his wheelchair，
unable to move and using a computer to talk.[3]Since he came down with a
disease which caused him to lose the use of most of his muscles， his
world became one of abstract thought.
[3]这是一个复合句。since引导时间状语从句；which引导定
语从句。
Hawking first achieved fame when he was still healthy enough to
walk， as a graduate student in physics at Cambridge University in 1964.In
general， there were two main theories on the origin of the universe.The
first was the steady state theory， which holds that the universe has no
beginning or end.The other was the big bang theory， which holds that the
universe began at a single point in time and space.The biggest champion of
the steady state concept was Fred Hoyle， a professor at
Cambridge.During the question and answer period after one of Hoyle’s
lectures，
Hawking stood up and pointed out that Hoyle had made a mistake in his
maths.Once the maths was corrected， it showed that the big bang
theory — and not the steady state theory — was true.Hawking’s own work
on the big bang theory was soon proven by astronomers with telescopes.A
star was born.
So， what made Stephen Hawking a genius？ Besides being
brilliant， he was brave， though sometimes careless in what he said or
did.He was willing to say what others were afraid to say， and to dream of
what others were afraid to dream about.Furthermore， he was quite
determined.This had helped him as a scientist， and had helped him even
more in his fight against his disease.Above all， Hawking was willing to
admit his faults.This odd combination of characteristics had made him one
of the greatest thinkers of the 20th and 21st centuries.
Step 2｜析写作手法
本部分有两个阅读语篇，标题分别为THE FATHER OF CHINA’S
AEROSPACE和A WORLD OF PURE THOUGHT，从不同的角度简要
叙述了科学家钱学森和史蒂芬·霍金的经历、重要贡献、性格特点以及
他们所具备的科学素养。
第一篇文章THE FATHER OF CHINA’S AEROSPACE，首段先用
“否定词＋比较级”的句式结构介绍了钱学森在科学界的地位，然后用
过去分词短语作状语及定语从句举例说明他具备的科学家的品质。
第二、三段使用了in 1911、in 1932、 in 1935、 Over the course of
the 1930s and 1940s、 during the 1930s、 in the 1940s等时间状语介绍了
钱学森在归国前的成就。
第四段介绍了钱学森回国后克服困难的经历。文中使用了poor、
undeveloped和No等词汇突出介绍了当时中国贫穷的现状，然后使用过
渡词Nevertheless转折到描写钱学森研发导弹的决心。
第五段介绍了钱学森在航天科技领域所做的开创性工作——
Dongfeng missiles、 the first generation of Long March rockets、 first
man-made satellite、 much of the technology behind the Shenzhou
spacecraft等等。因此钱学森赢得了“中国航天之父”的赞誉。
第六段介绍了钱学森广泛的爱好，以及这些爱好对他开展科学研
究的积极影响。
第七段介绍了钱学森的去世及其影响。
第二篇文章A WORLD OF PURE THOUGHT，重点讲述了霍金早
期成名的经历，突出了他顽强地与疾病作斗争、敢于质疑、坚持梦
想、勇于承认错误等可贵品质。
第一段使用one of the most famous and gifted scientists in physics介
绍了霍金在科学界的地位。
第二段介绍了霍金的早期成就。文章通过“大爆炸理论”战胜“稳恒
态理论”的过程来介绍霍金理论的正确。
第三段以特殊疑问句开头，告诉我们勇敢无畏、意志坚定和敢于
承认错误是霍金身上体现出来的科学家的品质。
总的说来，两篇文章具有以下特点：
1. 按照时间顺序展开，讲述人物经历；
2. 两个语篇都有效使用了一些衔接词语，如： however、
nevertheless、because、in general、 besides、 furthermore、
above all等。
参考译文
中国航天之父
也许再没有哪一位科学家比钱学森对中国航天科学的影响更大的
了。《钱学森的故事》一书的作者称他为一位具有“伟大科学思想和
科学精神”的人，并且他热爱祖国、甘于奉献、成就斐然，钱学森备
受人们的尊敬。
钱学森1911年生于上海，在北京上学，后来考入上海交通大学，
学习铁道机械工程。不过，1932年淞沪抗战爆发后，钱学森意识到中
国需要建设强大的空军来保卫国家，因此决定改学航空专业。
1935年，钱学森前往美国读研究生。二十世纪三四十年代，钱学
森成为美国喷气式飞机和火箭技术的先驱人物。二十世纪三十年代担
任加州理工学院的研究生助理时，钱学森协助开展火箭推进方面的重
要研究工作。二十世纪四十年代，钱学森与其他几人成立了喷气推进
实验室，该实验室现已成为美国宇航局领先的太空探索中心之一。
留学美国的最后几年，钱学森克服困难，于1955年回到中国。他
受到了祖国英雄般的欢迎，受命发展中国的火箭科学以及航天和导弹
项目。那时候，中国还很贫穷，火箭科学尚不发达。中国没有一所学
院或大学开设火箭科学专业，而且没有该领域的人才或专家。然而，
钱学森并不气馁，而是接受挑战。有人问他：“我们中国人有可能制
造出导弹吗？”他的回答十分坚定：“有什么不能的，外国人能造出来
的，我们中国人同样能造得出来。”
在钱学森的领导下，中国研制出了“东风”导弹，紧接着又研制出
第一代“长征”系列火箭。1970年，中国使用“长征”火箭成功发射本国
第一颗人造卫星“东方红一号”。由于“神舟”系列飞船的大部分技术也
可追根溯源到钱学森的研究，因此钱学森被誉为“中国航天之父”。
钱学森博览群书，尤其在前沿科学研究领域知识极其渊博。然
而，他之所以能成为一名如此杰出、富有创造力的科学家，可能是因
为他对音乐、绘画等其他事物的浓厚兴趣。他深厚的艺术鉴赏力时常
给科研工作带来灵感。
2009年10月31日，钱学森逝世，举国哀痛，人们以各种方式纪念
他、缅怀他。
一个纯思维的世界
史蒂芬·霍金是物理学界最负盛名、最具天赋的科学家之一。大多
数人都很熟悉他坐在轮椅上无法动弹、只能通过电脑来说话的样子。
他因患病致使其大部分肌肉萎缩无力，他的世界变成了一个抽象思维
的世界。
霍金最早成名于1964年，当时他身体健康，行动自如，是剑桥大
学物理学研究生。总的来说，宇宙起源有两大理论：第一个是稳恒态
理论，认为宇宙无始无终；另一个是大爆炸理论，认为宇宙始于时空
中的一个点。稳恒态概念的最大拥护者是剑桥大学的弗雷德·霍伊尔教
授。在霍伊尔的一次讲座中，霍金在问答环节站了起来，指出霍伊尔
教授计算有误。错误纠正之后显示大爆炸理论而非稳恒态理论是正确
的。不久，天文学家用望远镜观察宇宙，验证了霍金对大爆炸理论的
研究。一位明星就此诞生。
那么，是什么使史蒂芬·霍金成为一名天才的呢？除了才华横溢之
外，他还是一个勇敢的人，尽管有时候言行举止比较随意。他敢说别
人不敢说的话，做别人不敢做的梦。此外，他意志坚定。无论是作为
一位科学家，还是与病魔作斗争，这种品质对他都大有帮助。最重要
的是，霍金敢于承认错误。这些性格特点的奇特组合使得他成为二十
世纪与二十一世纪最伟大的思想家之一。
Step 3｜背出彩佳句
一、开门见山，指出要介绍的科学家的历史地位
1. Born in 1911， he/she was one of the greatest scientists in the 20th
century.
生于1911年，他/她是二十世纪最伟大的科学家之一。
2. As we all know， he/she is one of the most famous medical scientists
in the 21st century in China.
众所周知，他/她是中国二十一世纪最著名的医学科学家之一。
二、描写要介绍的科学家的重要事迹
1. He/She studied at a key local high school and graduated from Tsinghua
University.
他/她在当地的一所重点高中学习，毕业于清华大学。
2. He got an award in 1998 for having played an important role in
scientific research.
因为在科学研究中发挥了重要作用，他在1998年获奖。
3. He/She devoted all his/her life to scientific research and his/her
scientific findings have benefited people all over the world.
他/她一生致力于科学研究，他/她的科研成果使全世界人民受益。
三、科学家的影响及客观评价
His/Her story tells us that we should value what we have，and try our
best to overcome any difficulty in life.
他/她的故事告诉我们：我们应该重视我们所拥有的，尽最大努力克服
生活中的任何困难。
假定你是李华，一年一度的世界科学节临近，英文杂志《新科学
家》正在组织英语征文比赛，请你以The Scientist I Admire Most为
题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
（1）介绍科学家；
（2）敬佩的原因。
注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右；
（2）请按如下格式作答。
The Scientist I Admire Most
一、合理布局，精心谋篇
二、遣词造句，规范得体
1. 几十年前，一位名叫屠呦呦的中国科学家受到启发，开始使用中药
治疗疟疾。（过去分词作后置定语）
Decades ago， to
use traditional Chinese medicine to treat malaria.
2. 这似乎是一个相当困难的壮举，因为之前几乎没有相关的研究。
This seemed to be a rather difficult feat，
.
a Chinese scientist named Tu Youyou was inspired
because there was almost no
relevant research before
3. 一些科学家对此表现出消极的态度，这使得它更难实现。（定
语从句）
Some scientists showed a negative attitude towards it，
.
4. 这存在障碍。她从未放弃。
There .She .
which made it
harder to achieve
were barriers
never gave up
5. 她有一种强烈的愿望，想找到治疗这种疾病的方法，于是她全身心
地投入这个实验中。
She ， and she
devoted herself to the experiment wholeheartedly.
6. 多次尝试后， 她成功地实现了自己的梦想。
After many attempts， she successfully .
7. 她被授予诺贝尔医学奖。
She in medicine.
had a strong desire to find a cure for the disease
realised her dream
was awarded the Nobel Prize
8. 给我印象最深的是她的坚强意志。
is her strong will.
9. 这使我相信我也会实现我的目标。
This makes me believe that .
What impressed me most
I will also achieve my goals
三、恰当衔接，自然过渡
使用although、 and、 after等过渡词汇，把屠呦呦值得敬佩的原因连接
成段。
Although there were barriers， she never gave up.She had a strong desire
to find a cure for the disease， and she devoted herself to the experiment
wholeheartedly.After many attempts， she successfully realised her dream
and was awarded the Nobel Prize in medicine.
四、认真誊写，赏心悦目
The Scientist I Admire Most
Decades ago， a Chinese scientist named Tu Youyou was inspired
to use traditional Chinese medicine to treat malaria.This seemed to be a
rather difficult feat， because there was almost no relevant research
before.What’s more， some scientists showed a negative attitude towards
it， which made it harder to achieve.
Although there were barriers， she never gave up.She had a strong
desire to find a cure for the disease， and she devoted herself to the
experiment wholeheartedly.After many attempts， she successfully
realised her dream and was awarded the Nobel Prize in medicine.
What impressed me most is her strong will.This makes me believe
that I will also achieve my goals.
词汇 情感
描写 ①frustrated adj.懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的
②determined adj.下定决心的，坚定的
③willing adj.乐意的
动作
描写 ①suspect vt.& vi.怀疑；疑有；不信任
②blame vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责
③cast vt.投射；向……投以（视线、笑容等）；投掷
④pour vt.倒出；倾泻；斟（饮料）
⑤trace vt.追溯；追踪；查出
⑥defend vt.保卫；防守；辩解
佳句
1.As a young doctor，John Snow became frustrated because no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera. （情绪描写）
2.Besides being brilliant， he was brave，though sometimes careless in what he said or did.He was willing to say what others were afraid to say，and to dream of what others were afraid to dream about.Furthermore，he was quite determined. （人物描写）
3.No sooner had I got the chance to explain than she rushed into the pouring rain. （动作描写）
情境导语：被怀疑偷了一位女士的金戒指，我非常懊恼，尽最大努力
追踪真正的小偷以捍卫我的清白……
第一步：完成句子雏形现
1. the woman’s gold ring，which cast a
cloud of gloom over my face.
我被怀疑偷了这位女士的金戒指，这使我脸上蒙上了一层阴影。
2. like a flood.
我是如此懊恼以至于泪水像洪水一样顺着脸颊流下来。
I was suspected of stealing
I was so frustrated that tears poured down my cheeks
3. I thought why I should .
我想我为什么要替别人背黑锅呢。
4. So I tried my best to my innocence.
因此我尽最大努力追踪真正的小偷以捍卫我的清白。
5. ，I am greatly convinced that I will
prove that I was wronged.
在朋友们的帮助下，我深信我会证明我是被冤枉的。
take the blame for somebody else
trace the real thief to defend
With my friends assisting me
6. 用倒装句改写句2
第三步：过渡衔接连成篇
So frustrated was I that tears poured down my cheeks like a flood.
I was suspected of stealing the woman’s gold ring， which cast a
cloud of gloom over my face.So frustrated was I that tears poured down my
cheeks like a flood.Then I thought why I should take the blame for
somebody else.So I tried my best to trace the real thief to defend my
innocence.With my friends assisting me， I am greatly convinced that I
will prove that I was wronged.
第二步：句式升级造亮点
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1. On my way back to the hotel last night， I lost my way in the complete
darkness， and to make things worse， it began to （下大雨）.
2. The player’s （杰出的） performance left a deep
impression on everyone present.
3. All the teachers are satisfied with your （绝妙的）
performance in the speech contest.
pour
outstanding
brilliant
4. I have the faith that I can be a helpful （助手） to the
event organizers.
assistant
Ⅱ.补全句子
1. Lucy （有……天赋） creating an atmosphere for her
students which allows them to communicate freely with each other.
2. I （感染） the flu and my doctor insisted that I
should stay indoors for a week or so.
3. It is reported that a team consisting of five experts will be
（负责） the club.
4. （最重要的是）， as a native of Jinan， I know this
city and its culture very well.
5. What the teachers have done （对……有很
大影响） their students in the future.
has a gift for
came down with
in charge
of
Above all
has a great impact on
课时检测·提能力
Ⅰ.品句填词
1. As China furthers its opening up， its economic growth remains （稳定的）.
2. We students have to pay much attention to our lessons， so it’s not
our （过错） that we know little of society.
3. On seeing other competitors’ （出色的） performance， I began to lose confidence in myself.
4. It’s hard for the victims to wipe out the （阴影） of that
terrible earthquake from their hearts.
steady
fault
outstanding
shadow
5. As is known to all， the rose could represent love and affection， and
the （彩虹） could symbolize hope.
6. On Friday night I had such a （生动的） dream that I can
still remember the feeling.
7. A great many c measures have been taken by our government
to contain it.
8. It is acknowledged that reading lays a s foundation for further
learning.
rainbow
vivid
oncrete
olid
Ⅱ.词形转换
1. Willing to help Bernard， the children got down to
（prepare） popcorn the instant they got what they needed.
2. In reality，the mechanic made a severe mistake，
（shift） nervously from one foot to another.
3. The new study’s （find） warn that the global warming is
becoming more and more serious.
4. （initial）， it will do harm to our health and may cause
short-sightedness.
preparing
shifting
findings
Initially
5. Stop the negative （think） and focus on solving those
problems.
6. I’m writing to apply for the job as an （assist） in your
travel agency.
7. No matter how （gift） you are， you alone cannot change
the world.
thinking
assistant
gifted
Ⅲ.固定搭配和句式
1. （know） as “the father of hybrid rice”， Yuan Longping
devoted his whole life to studying rice.
2. If you are always cast by such kind of failure， you will
never succeed.
3. Though he came down a severe disease， he was still
willing （help） over the course of the project.
4. She couldn’t make herself （hear） above the noise of the
traffic.
Known
down
with
to help
heard
5. I have never taken part in a （meaningful）
activity than this one.
6. （最重要的是）， as an outgoing boy and an English
lover， I’m sure we’ll find much in common.
7. Under his leadership， more and more young people are
（负责） the research of hybrid rice.
8. It is true that tea houses in Hangzhou （追
溯至） the Southern Song Dynasty.
9. （受到人类活动的严重影
响）， many wild animals are in danger of extinction.
more meaningful
Above all
in charge
of
trace back to/date from
Seriously affected by human activities
Ⅳ.一词多义/熟词生义
快速阅读下列句子并选出句中加蓝词汇对应的意思
1. vivid
A. adj.生动的 B. adj.鲜艳的
C. adj.清楚的 D. adj.丰富的
①He gave a vivid account of his life as a fighter pilot.
②The actresses were wearing vivid historical costumes.
③Mary is a woman with a vivid imagination.
④I have vivid memories of my grandparents.
A
B
D
C
2. He is determined to hire a famous lawyer to defend himself in court.
3. It is necessary to supply an abstract of the review of the literature as
well.
4. The posts have to be set in concrete.
v.辩解，辩护
n.摘要
n.混凝土
快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加蓝词汇的意思
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
（2025·岳阳高二上检测）What are scientists？They are often
described as grey-haired and white-coated dull scholars.
But the world has changed.Young scientists are making their voices
heard and releasing their powers on the world stage.
This is also true in China.Rising stars include new materials expert
Gong Yongji， university professor Liu Mingzhen， and biologist Wan
Ruixue.
At the age of 28 in 2018， Wan Ruixue received the 2018 Science
Prize for Young Scientists.This is a global prize to reward outstanding
scientists at an early stage of their careers.
She focuses mainly on Biomedicine and Molecular Biology （分子生
物学）.“Both are cutting-edge （尖端的） technologies at an early stage
of development，” she said.
“So， I think they have great potential to be developed.I think in the
study of cutting-edge technologies， China and other leading countries in
the world are standing at the same starting line.And in the study of
Structural Biology， China is likely to become the leader.”
She felt it was her fate to become a biologist.“I grew interested in the
natural world when I was very young，” she said.In 2009， she entered
Sun Yat-sen University.
In her third year at university， she realised that she wanted to do
something related to biomedicine.So she e-mailed China’s top biologist Shi
Yigong， hoping to join his lab at Tsinghua University.
Shi recognized her talent and welcomed her.Years of efforts at the lab
have paid off.Her research on the high-definition 3D structure of
spliceosome （剪接体） led to a scientific breakthrough.
Unlike many other young scientists who choose to pursue further
study abroad， Wan currently has no plan to go overseas.
“The whole ecosystem for scientific research is continually improving
in China，” she said， adding that the country has great science facilities.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要以中国生物学家万蕊雪为
代表，介绍了她是如何一步步取得如今在科学领域的成就，从而描
绘出中国青年科学家的崛起风貌。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要以中国生物学家万蕊雪为
代表，介绍了她是如何一步步取得如今在科学领域的成就，从而描
绘出中国青年科学家的崛起风貌。
1. What does the underlined word “releasing” in paragraph 2 mean？
（ ）
A. Giving out. B. Getting over.
C. Finding out. D. Taking over.
解析： 词义猜测题。根据第二段画线词前的内容可知，年轻的科
学家们正在世界舞台上发声。故可推知，画线词releasing their powers
与making their voices heard为并列关系，意思相近，应是 “释放他们的
力量”的意思，与A项意义一致。
√
2. What does Wan Ruixue feel about the study of cutting-edge technologies
in China？（ ）
A. Anxious. B. Confident.
C. Disappointed. D. Satisfied.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第六段内容可知，关于中国前沿技术的
研究，万蕊雪认为中国和其他国家站在同一起跑线上，在结构生物学
研究领域，万蕊雪认为中国很可能成为领头羊。故推知，她对中国前
沿技术的研究充满信心。
√
3. What can we learn about Wan Ruixue’s journey of becoming a
biologist？（ ）
A. Her teacher led her into the field.
B. She finds it’s easier than she thought.
C. Her contribution has been recognized.
D. She thinks it’s boring but worth trying.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第四段第一句可知，2018年，28岁的万
蕊雪获得2018年青年科学家科学奖。故推知，在万蕊雪成为生物学家
的过程中，她的付出得到了认可。
√
4. Which can be the best title of the text？（ ）
A. China’s Breakthrough in Science
B. Rising Young Scientists in China
C. Successful Chinese Scientists
D. New Image of Chinese Scientists
解析： 标题归纳题。通读全文内容及第二段第二句可知，文章主
要介绍了中国年轻科学家的崛起。故B项最适合作文章标题。
√
B
（2025·濮阳高二上期末）If you hear someone say that there’s “an
elephant in the room”， there’s no need to be worried.This is an idiom that
means there’s a big， clear problem or difficult situation that people don’t
want to talk about.It’s almost as if there’s an elephant standing in the
corner， but everyone is pretending it’s not there！ So you might
understand why “The elephant in the room” is the name Dutch artist
Johannes-Harm Hovinga gave to his new project.
For 20 days during June and July 2024， Hovinga sat in a museum in
the Dutch city of Arnhem and used a tool to make holes in the 7，700-page
United Nations report on climate change.
This was an artistic protest.He wanted to draw attention to climate
change and to show that the world’s governments aren’t doing enough to
try to save the planet.“Climate change is the elephant in the room”，
Hovinga was saying through his art — the big， clear problem that we’re
not doing enough about.
He had printed the pages of the report on different colored paper so
that when he made the holes， there were large piles of colorful circles
next to the table where he sat.People were able to watch Hovinga making
his holes between 22 June and 14 July， and see those piles getting
bigger.Some visitors were touched as they watched， the museum said.
Each day， Hovinga sat for six hours making holes， only drinking
water and taking short breaks to use the bathroom.He said he began taking
painkillers after two days because of the pain in his back， neck， and
arms.The project ended on 25 July when Hovinga returned to take the
paper piles away.But he has more hole-making projects planned for the
future.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了荷兰艺术家
Johannes-Harm Hovinga通过一项特殊的艺术行为——在联合国气候
变化报告的每一页上打孔，来抗议全球气候变化问题，并指出这是
一个被忽视但明显存在的重大问题（即“an elephant in the room”）。
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了荷兰艺术家
Johannes-Harm Hovinga通过一项特殊的艺术行为——在联合国气候
变化报告的每一页上打孔，来抗议全球气候变化问题，并指出这是
一个被忽视但明显存在的重大问题（即“an elephant in the room”）。
5. Why is the idiom mentioned in the first paragraph？（ ）
A. To lead in the name of a project.
B. To describe an interesting scene.
C. To explain a common language usage.
D. To show a special animal painted by an artist.
解析： 推理判断题。文章第一段解释了an elephant in the room这个
习语的含义，结合第一段最后一句可知，提到这个习语是为了引出荷
兰艺术家新项目的名字。
√
6. What is Hovinga’s purpose of his behaviour？（ ）
A. To promote his artworks.
B. To help protect the Earth.
C. To advertise a new art style.
D. To call for action to care for elephants.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段前两句可知，Hovinga这么做是想
引起人们对气候变化的关注，表明各国政府在拯救地球方面做得不
够，其目的是呼吁人们采取行动保护地球。
√
7. Which of the following can best describe Hovinga？（ ）
A. Odd but flexible.
B. Humorous and energetic.
C. Picky but productive.
D. Creative and responsible.
√
解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句可知，Hovinga通过在联合
国气候变化报告上打孔这一独特的艺术形式来表达对气候变化问题的
关注，这种方式新颖且富有创意，展现了他的创造力；再根据第三段
第前两句可知，Hovinga意识到气候变化这一全球性问题，并通过自
己的行动，试图引起人们对该问题的重视，促使各国政府采取更多行
动来拯救地球，体现了他对地球环境的责任感。
8. What can be learned from the last two paragraphs？（ ）
A. Hovinga had great fun doing his work.
B. Hovinga wants more people to join him.
C. Hovinga will continue with similar projects.
D. Hovinga broke off the project because of pain.
解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，Hovinga计划在
未来开展更多类似打孔的项目。
√
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
（2025·太原高二上期末）
Embracing Change： A Journey Towards
Personal Growth and Success
Embracing change is like trying a new flavor of ice cream — you
might be doubtful at first， but the taste could be surprisingly delightful at
last！ The miracle is all about shifting your mindset and daring to dance
with the unknown.9.（ ）.
To start with， take a good look at your life and spot the areas that
could use a change.Is there a dream job you are too scared to chase？10.
（ ）？Either way， never let fear hold you back.
Take baby steps towards change when you’ve set up your goal.11.
（ ）.Remember， change is like a slow-cooked meal.It needs time
and patience.Make a one-year self-improvement plan and celebrate every
tiny victory as you go.
12. （ ）.Be ready to question your old beliefs and expand your
horizons.Just as Steve Jobs puts it， “Stay hungry， stay foolish”.It’s in
these moments of constant learning that you’ll uncover your hidden
superpower.
Be gentle with yourself through it all.Difficulties in life？ Treat them
as opportunities， not failures.Remember， every step is a lesson in your
personal evolution.
Thus， here’s what change is — may it be your trusty companion on
the adventure to an extraordinary life.13.（ ）， so unlock the door
and make yourself a real ruler！
A. Here is how to make it happen
B. Or a skill you are eager to master
C. Keep your appetite for knowledge
D. Change is the key to your own kingdom
E. Turn to your friends when you feel upset
F. After all， sticking to your own opinion is a safe choice
G. Break your goal into bite-sized tasks and overcome them one by one
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了拥抱变化对于个人
成长和成功的重要性，并提供了一些实现变化的步骤和建议。
9. A 上文提到拥抱改变需要转变心态、敢于面对未知。而下文则
开始介绍如何拥抱改变。A项承上启下，引出下文具体做法，符合
语境。
10. B 上文提到审视生活中需要改变的领域，问是否有不敢追寻的理
想工作。B项与上文Is there a dream job you are too scared to chase？句
式相似，都是关于生活中想要做出改变的方面。
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了拥抱变化对于个人
成长和成功的重要性，并提供了一些实现变化的步骤和建议。
11. G 上文提出朝着改变迈出小步。G项具体说明了如何迈出小步，
符合该段主旨。
12. C 空处为段首句，为本段主旨句。根据下文可知，本段提到要乐
于质疑旧信念、拓展视野，强调要不断学习。C项与下文内容相符，
能概括本段主旨。
13. D 根据下文so unlock the door and make yourself a real ruler可知，
作者建议读者要成为自己的主宰。D项与之呼应，说明改变对于掌控
自己生活的重要性，就像钥匙对于打开王国之门一样。
Ⅲ.完形填空
（2025·湖北部分市高二上期末）A few years ago， we bought a
model Lego set for my dad’s birthday， hoping to combine his love for
architecture with family time.Each evening， my dad and I 14 the
large dining table to plan our line of attack.We faced thousands of 15
white pieces， each packaged with precision in numbered plastic
bags， 16 by a thick instruction booklet.
We were amazed by how 17 the model was.We also realised the
booklet itself was a work of art， beautiful， but also surprisingly 18
and clear.It provided us with the comfort of 19 .We knew if we
followed all the 20 ， we would end up with a mode that
looked 21 like the picture on the box.If we made a mistake， all we
had to do was 22 our steps， flip back the pages and start again.
Life， however， does not 23 together so neatly and 24
provides us with such clear instructions.We talked over our respective
lives， decisions made， and actions and choices never 25 .We think
we have the ability of 26 our life， but our choices are shaped
by 27 beyond our control.In the face of uncertainty， we have
to 28 ， trusting both in the process and the end result.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者和父亲一起拼
装乐高模型的经历，并从中感悟到人生与拼乐高的不同之处。
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者和父亲一起拼
装乐高模型的经历，并从中感悟到人生与拼乐高的不同之处。
14. A. gathered around B. sided with
C. lived off D. straightened up
解析： 根据the large dining table to plan our line of attack可知，作者
和父亲围坐在餐桌旁计划拼装的策略。
15. A. vast B. tiny C. relevant D. original
解析： 根据white pieces， each packaged with precision in numbered
plastic bags和常识可知，乐高积木是很小的白色积木块。
√
√
16. A. favored B. accompanied
C. transformed D. covered
解析： 根据by a thick instruction booklet可知，乐高积木附有一本
厚厚的说明书。
17. A. impractical B. unique
C. complex D. dull
解析： 根据下文We also realised the booklet itself was a work of art，
beautiful， but also surprisingly 18 and clear.可知，说明书既漂亮又
清晰详细，故可推知模型很复杂。
√
√
18. A. ordinary B. abstract
C. meaningless D. detailed
解析：D 根据clear可知，说明书详细且清晰。
19. A. certainty B. relaxation
C. insecurity D. competition
解析： 根据下文We knew if we followed all the 20 ， we would
end up with a mode that looked 21 like the picture on the box.可知，
如果我们按照说明书来，就能拼出和图片一样的模型，这给了我们确
定性的安慰。
√
√
20. A. assessments B. circumstances
C. instructions D. inferences
解析： 根据上文 16 by a thick instruction booklet可知，此处指
遵循说明书。
21. A. initially B. ultimately
C. exactly D. partly
解析： 根据like the picture on the box可知，拼出的模型和图片一模
一样。
√
√
22. A. recycle B. retrace C. reveal D. recall
解析： 根据our steps， flip back the pages and start again可知，如果
拼错的话要回溯步骤，翻回前几页重新开始。
23. A. fit B. occupy C. shift D. involve
解析： 根据together so neatly可知，生活并不像乐高积木那样整齐
地契合在一起。
√
√
24. A. fundamentally B. merely
C. slightly D. rarely
解析：D 根据Life， however， does not 23 together so neatly可
知，生活很少会给我们提供如此清晰的指示。
25. A. motivated B. declined
C. opposed D. taken
解析： 根据actions and choices可知，此处指从未采取的行动和做
出的选择。
√
√
26. A. controlling B. designing
C. analyzing D. founding
解析：A 根据our life可知，此处指控制生活。
27. A. rays B. forces
C. shadows D. instances
解析： 根据beyond our control可知，是无法控制的力量影响我们的
选择。
√
√
28. A. proceed B. succeed
C. predict D. interrupt
解析： 根据trusting both in the process and the end result可知，面对
不确定性要继续前进。
√
Section Ⅲ Using Language
目 录
01
Part Ⅰ Talk about scientific experiences
02
Part Ⅱ Write about what makes a great scientist
03
课时检测·提能力
Part Ⅰ
Talk about scientific experiences
一、听力清障
1. shadow n.阴影；影子；背光处
2. rainbow n.彩虹
3. pour vt.倒出；倾泻；斟（饮料）
4. reflect vt.反射
5. a hall of mirrors一大厅的镜子
6. look at a blue screen看着一个蓝色的屏幕
7. cast different shadows投射出不同的阴影
8. a giant piano keyboard一个巨大的钢琴键盘
二、教材听力二次开发
（一）听力测试
1. How is Bill feeling now？ （ ）
A. Terrible.
B. Much better.
C. Just so-so.
√
2. Where are the people in the conversation going ？（ ）
A. A science museum.
B. A cinema.
C. A theatre.
3. What kinds of things can you do there？（ ）
A. Learn about knowledge of music.
B. Learn about space travel.
C. Try different activities to learn about sound， light and reflection.
√
√
（二）听力填空
Judy：Oh， I’m so sorry that you were ill and couldn’t come with us on
our field trip.How are you feeling now？ Better？
Bill：Much better， thanks.But how was it？
Judy：Wonderful！ I especially liked 1.
.It was really cool.They had a hall of mirrors where I could
2. ！
Bill：A hall of mirrors can be a lot of fun.What else did they have？
an area of the museum called
Light Games
see myself reflected thousands of times
Judy：Well， they had an experiment where we looked at a blue screen for
a while， and then suddenly we could 3.
on it.You’ll never guess what those bright lights were！
Bill：Come on， tell me！
Judy：They were our own blood cells.For some reason， our eyes
4. when we look at a blue screen， and we can see
our own blood cells moving around like little lights！ But there was
another thing I liked better.I stood in front of a white light， and it cast
different shadows of me， in every colour of the rainbow！
see tiny bright lights moving
around
play tricks on us
Bill：Oh， I wish I had been there.Tell me more！
Judy：Well， they had another area for sound.They had a giant piano
keyboard that you could use your feet to play.But then， instead of playing
the sounds of a piano， it 5. ！
Then they had a giant dish， and when you speak into it， it reflected the
sound back and made it louder.You could use it to 6.
to someone 17 metres away.
Bill：It all sounds so cool.I wish I could have gone with you.
played the voices of classical singers
speak in a
whisper
Judy：I know， but we can go together this weekend.I’d love to go there
again！
Bill：That sounds like a great idea！
如何解推理判断题
推理判断类听力题主要考查考生对听力材料中隐含的深层含义的
理解能力。它要求考生能根据听力内容做出合乎逻辑的推断，包括考
生对观点的理解、态度的判断，对修辞、语气、隐含意思等的理解。
此类题型常见的解题策略如下：
1. 抓住关键信息进行正向或逆向推理
要抓住所听到内容中的关键信息，即某些关键词语去分析、推理、判
断，利用正向或逆向进行推理，推断出听力中隐含的信息，如对话中
出现的时间、地点、人物关系等信息。
2. 运用已有知识、经验，结合听到的相关内容进行推理
3. 利用听到的背景信息，进行整体推理判断
4. 抓住材料主旨，避免掉入细节理解题的陷阱
Part Ⅱ
Write about what makes a great scientist
1. Why did Qian Xuesen come back to China？（ ）
A. He wanted to serve his country.
B. He met with difficulties in America.
C. He was a hero in China.
D. He missed his family.
√
2. What made Qian Xuesen so creative and outstanding according to the
passage？（ ）
A. His strong interest in art like music and drawing.
B. His research in the United States.
C. His friends’ encouragement.
D. His habit of reading a lot.
√
3. What does the word “holds” in the sentence “The first was the steady
state theory，which holds that the universe has no beginning or end.”
mean？（ ）
A. Gets. B. Points.
C. Closes. D. Declares.
4. What helped Hawking in his fight against the disease？（ ）
A. Cleverness. B. Dreams.
C. Determination. D. Mistakes.
√
√
核心词汇集释
1. pour vt.倒出；倾泻；斟（饮料）
【用法】
pour down （雨）倾盆而下；（泪水）流下
pour out 涌出；倒出
pour in 涌入
pour ...into ... 朝……里面倒…
【佳句】 Rain poured down from the sky，making it more difficult for
us to find our way home.So frustrated were we that tears poured down our
cheeks.
大雨倾盆而下，使我们更难找到回家的路。我们非常沮丧，泪水从脸
颊上滑落。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The Great Wall is such a well-known tourist attraction that millions of
tourists pour every year.
②You have poured your sweat， your blood， and your heart
this game.
in
into
【写美】 完成句子
③一下课，激动的学生疯狂地欢呼着从教室蜂拥而出。 （动作
描写）
With the class over， the thrilled students
， cheering wildly.
poured out of the
classroom
2. break out （战争、打斗等不愉快的事情）突然开始；爆发
教材原句 However， after the Songhu Battle broke out in 1932， Qian
made the decision to switch his major to aviation because he realised that
China needed its own powerful air force to protect and defend the country.
不过，1932年淞沪抗战爆发后，钱学森意识到中国需要建设强大的空
军来保卫国家，因此决定改学航空专业。
【用法】
break away from 挣脱；逃离
break down （谈判）失败；出故障；（身体） 垮掉；分解；消
除（分歧）
break in 打断谈话；插话；闯入（行窃）（不加宾语）
break into 强行闯入
break up 打碎，破碎；结束；解散；衰落
【佳句】 Unluckily，a terrible quarrel broke out between my best
friend and me.What’s worse，I broke up with her and we didn’t know
how to break down our disagreement.不幸的是，我最好的朋友和我爆
发了激烈的争吵。更糟糕的是，我和她的关系破裂了，我们不知道如
何消除我们的分歧。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①I was still sleeping when the fire broke ， and then it spread
quickly.
②He broke rudely， “I am not to blame.” Then he stormed out of
the room in extreme anger.
③The truck my dad drove often broke on the way，which
made my dad in trouble.
out
in
down
【写美】 完成句子
④我们必须摆脱这些对我们身心健康有不良影响的旧风俗。
（建议信）
We must which have a bad influence
on our mental and physical health.
break away from the old customs
3. defend vt.保卫；防守；辩解
【用法】
（1）defend ...from/against （doing）... 保护……免受……
defend oneself from/against sth保护自己不受……；对……为自己辩护
（2）defence n. 防御；辩护；保卫
in defence of 保卫；为……辩护
in sb’s defence 为某人辩护
（3）defensive adj. 防御性的；自我保护的
【佳句】 Mac jumped off the bike， seized the bike and threw it at the
wolf with all his strength to defend himself. （肢体动作描写）
Mac跳下自行车，抓起自行车，用尽全力把它扔向狼来保护自己。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①People should try their best to defend the environment
pollution.
②My assistant stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands as if
in （defend） of herself.
against/from
defence
【写美】 一句多译
③看到这条凶猛的蛇，他像箭一样冲过去保护儿子。 （肢体动
作描写）
→Seeing the fierce snake， he .
（defend）
→Seeing the fierce snake， he
.（defence）
rushed to defend his son like an arrow
rushed in defence of his son like an
arrow
4. in charge of 主管；掌管；负责
教材原句 He received a hero’s welcome from his homeland and was put
in charge of not only developing China’s rocket science but also its space
and missile programme.
他受到了祖国英雄般的欢迎，受命发展中国的火箭科学以及航天和导
弹项目。
【用法】
（1）in the charge of 由……负责；被……掌管
take charge of 负责/看管（表动作）
free of charge 免费
（2）charge （sb） for ... 为……（向某人）收费/要价
charge sb with （doing） sth 指控某人（做）某事
【佳句】 Tears of sadness and terror poured down the boy’s
cheeks，because he was charged with stealing the woman’s gold
ring. （情绪描写）
悲伤和恐惧的泪水顺着男孩的脸颊流淌下来，因为他被控告偷了那位
女士的金戒指。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The West Branch of Suzhou Museum is scheduled to open to the public
free charge.
②Could I speak to whoever is charge of International Sales，
please？
of
in
【写美】 同义句转换
③I will be in charge of the English speech competition，which makes me
greatly honored.
→The English speech competition will ，
which makes me greatly honored.
→I will ， which makes
me greatly honored.
be in the charge of me
take charge of the English speech competition
重点句型解构
1. 句型公式：“否定词＋比较级”表达最高级含义
教材原句 Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on
China’s aerospace science than Qian Xuesen.
也许再没有哪一位科学家比钱学森对中国航天科学的影响更大的了。
【用法】
（1）否定词＋比较级＝最高级，意为“没有比……更……；没有
像……一样……”，常用的否定词有：no，not，never，nothing，
nobody，hardly等。
（2）can/could＋never/not＋ ...＋形容词/副词＋enough＝can/could＋
never/not＋ ...＋too＋形容词/副词，意为“再怎么……也不为过”。
【品悟】 As far as I am concerned， nothing is more significant than
keeping physically and mentally healthy.As a result，I can’t stress the
importance of keeping balance between our studies and relaxation too
much.
在我看来，没有什么比保持身心健康更重要的了。因此，我怎么强调
保持学习和放松之间的平衡的重要性也不为过。
【写美】 完成句子
①“没有人比你更热心了。我真是太感谢你了。”大卫激动地说，声音
颤抖着。
“ .I
，” David said excitedly，his voice trembling.
②我深信没有一个地方比位于我们图书馆三楼的自习室更适合学
习的了。
I am greatly convinced that
the self-study room located on the third floor of our library.
Nobody is more warm-hearted than you
can’t thank you
enough
no place is more suitable for studying than
③我坚信没有人比我们班长更适合当候选人了。 （推荐信）
I hold the firm belief that nobody is a candidate than
our monitor.
more qualified
2. 句型公式：not only ...but also ...不仅……而且……
教材原句 He received a hero’s welcome from his homeland and was put
in charge of not only developing China’s rocket science but also its space
and missile programme.
他受到了祖国英雄般的欢迎，受命发展中国的火箭科学以及航天和导
弹项目。
【用法】
（1）not only ...but also ...意为“不仅……而且……”，连接两个平行结
构，当连接两个名词作主语时，谓语动词要根据but also 后的名词决
定单复数（就近原则）；
（2）not only位于句首时，not only后面的句子要用部分倒装，but
also后面的句子不倒装。
【品悟】 The experience not only provided me with an
opportunity to connect my artistic creation with nature，but also
enhanced my willingness to take inspiration from nature in the
future. （2024·新课标Ⅰ卷）
这段经历不仅让我有机会将自己的艺术创作与自然联系起来，也增强
了我今后从自然中汲取灵感的意愿。
【写美】 一句多译/句型转换
①我们不仅要尊重这些伟大的科学家，而且要学习他们的科学精神。
→We should ， but we
should also learn the scientific spirits from them.
→ these great scientists， but we
should also learn the scientific spirits from them. （倒装句）
not only show respect for these great scientists
Not only should we show respect for
②We not only gained knowledge of gardening but also had a better
understanding of nature from this activity.
→ but also had a better
understanding of nature from this activity. （倒装句）
Not only did we gain knowledge of gardening
Step 1｜品教材课文
THE FATHER OF CHINA’S AEROSPACE
Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on China’s
aerospace science than Qian Xuesen.Described by the authors of the Story
of Qian Xuesen as a man with “great scientific thought and scientific spirit”
who was patriotic and served his homeland with effort， achievement，
and devotion， Qian was an extremely well-respected man.
Born in Shanghai in 1911， Qian attended schools in Beijing and then
entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University to study Railway Mechanical
Engineering.[1]However， after the Songhu Battle broke out in 1932，
Qian made the decision to switch his major to aviation because he realised
that China needed its own powerful air force to protect and defend the
country.
[1]这是一个复合句。after引导时间状语从句；because引导原因
状语从句。
Qian went to the United States in 1935 to pursue his graduate
studies.Over the course of the 1930s and 1940s， Qian became a pioneer in
American jet and rocket technology.As a graduate assistant at the
California Institute of Technology during the 1930s， Qian helped conduct
important research into rocket propulsion， and in the 1940s， he and
several other people founded the Jet Propulsion Laboratory， now one of
NASA’s leading space-exploration centres.
After overcoming some difficulties during his final few years in the
US， Qian returned to China in 1955.He received a hero’s welcome from
his homeland and was put in charge of not only developing China’s rocket
science but also its space and missile programme.At that time， China was
poor and its rocket science was undeveloped.No institute or university in
China offered rocket science as a major， and there were no talents or
experts in this field in China.Nevertheless， Qian did not let that
discourage him from taking on the challenge.When he was asked “Can we
Chinese possibly make missiles？”
， his reply was a determined “Why not？ We Chinese are able to make
the same things that other people make.”
[2]Under Qian’s leadership， China developed the Dongfeng
missiles， followed by the first generation of Long March rockets.In
1970， China successfully launched its first man-made satellite， Dong
Fang Hong Ⅰ， from a Long March rocket.Because much of the technology
behind the Shenzhou spacecraft can also be traced back to Qian’s
research， Qian earned the name of “the father of China’s aerospace”.
[2]这是一个简单句。过去分词短语followed by ...在句中作状语。
Qian read a lot and was extremely knowledgeable， especially in the
area of frontier science research.However， what might have made him
such an outstanding and creative scientist was probably his strong interest
in other things， such as music and drawing.His deep appreciation for art
often gave him inspiration in his scientific research.
On 31 October 2009， the whole country was saddened by Qian’s
death， and people honoured and remembered him in different ways.
A WORLD OF PURE THOUGHT
Stephen Hawking was one of the most famous and gifted scientists in
physics.Most people are familiar with images of him in his wheelchair，
unable to move and using a computer to talk.[3]Since he came down with a
disease which caused him to lose the use of most of his muscles， his
world became one of abstract thought.
[3]这是一个复合句。since引导时间状语从句；which引导定
语从句。
Hawking first achieved fame when he was still healthy enough to
walk， as a graduate student in physics at Cambridge University in 1964.In
general， there were two main theories on the origin of the universe.The
first was the steady state theory， which holds that the universe has no
beginning or end.The other was the big bang theory， which holds that the
universe began at a single point in time and space.The biggest champion of
the steady state concept was Fred Hoyle， a professor at
Cambridge.During the question and answer period after one of Hoyle’s
lectures，
Hawking stood up and pointed out that Hoyle had made a mistake in his
maths.Once the maths was corrected， it showed that the big bang
theory — and not the steady state theory — was true.Hawking’s own work
on the big bang theory was soon proven by astronomers with telescopes.A
star was born.
So， what made Stephen Hawking a genius？ Besides being
brilliant， he was brave， though sometimes careless in what he said or
did.He was willing to say what others were afraid to say， and to dream of
what others were afraid to dream about.Furthermore， he was quite
determined.This had helped him as a scientist， and had helped him even
more in his fight against his disease.Above all， Hawking was willing to
admit his faults.This odd combination of characteristics had made him one
of the greatest thinkers of the 20th and 21st centuries.
Step 2｜析写作手法
本部分有两个阅读语篇，标题分别为THE FATHER OF CHINA’S
AEROSPACE和A WORLD OF PURE THOUGHT，从不同的角度简要
叙述了科学家钱学森和史蒂芬·霍金的经历、重要贡献、性格特点以及
他们所具备的科学素养。
第一篇文章THE FATHER OF CHINA’S AEROSPACE，首段先用
“否定词＋比较级”的句式结构介绍了钱学森在科学界的地位，然后用
过去分词短语作状语及定语从句举例说明他具备的科学家的品质。
第二、三段使用了in 1911、in 1932、 in 1935、 Over the course of
the 1930s and 1940s、 during the 1930s、 in the 1940s等时间状语介绍了
钱学森在归国前的成就。
第四段介绍了钱学森回国后克服困难的经历。文中使用了poor、
undeveloped和No等词汇突出介绍了当时中国贫穷的现状，然后使用过
渡词Nevertheless转折到描写钱学森研发导弹的决心。
第五段介绍了钱学森在航天科技领域所做的开创性工作——
Dongfeng missiles、 the first generation of Long March rockets、 first
man-made satellite、 much of the technology behind the Shenzhou
spacecraft等等。因此钱学森赢得了“中国航天之父”的赞誉。
第六段介绍了钱学森广泛的爱好，以及这些爱好对他开展科学研
究的积极影响。
第七段介绍了钱学森的去世及其影响。
第二篇文章A WORLD OF PURE THOUGHT，重点讲述了霍金早
期成名的经历，突出了他顽强地与疾病作斗争、敢于质疑、坚持梦
想、勇于承认错误等可贵品质。
第一段使用one of the most famous and gifted scientists in physics介
绍了霍金在科学界的地位。
第二段介绍了霍金的早期成就。文章通过“大爆炸理论”战胜“稳恒
态理论”的过程来介绍霍金理论的正确。
第三段以特殊疑问句开头，告诉我们勇敢无畏、意志坚定和敢于
承认错误是霍金身上体现出来的科学家的品质。
总的说来，两篇文章具有以下特点：
1. 按照时间顺序展开，讲述人物经历；
2. 两个语篇都有效使用了一些衔接词语，如： however、
nevertheless、because、in general、 besides、 furthermore、
above all等。
参考译文
中国航天之父
也许再没有哪一位科学家比钱学森对中国航天科学的影响更大的
了。《钱学森的故事》一书的作者称他为一位具有“伟大科学思想和
科学精神”的人，并且他热爱祖国、甘于奉献、成就斐然，钱学森备
受人们的尊敬。
钱学森1911年生于上海，在北京上学，后来考入上海交通大学，
学习铁道机械工程。不过，1932年淞沪抗战爆发后，钱学森意识到中
国需要建设强大的空军来保卫国家，因此决定改学航空专业。
1935年，钱学森前往美国读研究生。二十世纪三四十年代，钱学
森成为美国喷气式飞机和火箭技术的先驱人物。二十世纪三十年代担
任加州理工学院的研究生助理时，钱学森协助开展火箭推进方面的重
要研究工作。二十世纪四十年代，钱学森与其他几人成立了喷气推进
实验室，该实验室现已成为美国宇航局领先的太空探索中心之一。
留学美国的最后几年，钱学森克服困难，于1955年回到中国。他
受到了祖国英雄般的欢迎，受命发展中国的火箭科学以及航天和导弹
项目。那时候，中国还很贫穷，火箭科学尚不发达。中国没有一所学
院或大学开设火箭科学专业，而且没有该领域的人才或专家。然而，
钱学森并不气馁，而是接受挑战。有人问他：“我们中国人有可能制
造出导弹吗？”他的回答十分坚定：“有什么不能的，外国人能造出来
的，我们中国人同样能造得出来。”
在钱学森的领导下，中国研制出了“东风”导弹，紧接着又研制出
第一代“长征”系列火箭。1970年，中国使用“长征”火箭成功发射本国
第一颗人造卫星“东方红一号”。由于“神舟”系列飞船的大部分技术也
可追根溯源到钱学森的研究，因此钱学森被誉为“中国航天之父”。
钱学森博览群书，尤其在前沿科学研究领域知识极其渊博。然
而，他之所以能成为一名如此杰出、富有创造力的科学家，可能是因
为他对音乐、绘画等其他事物的浓厚兴趣。他深厚的艺术鉴赏力时常
给科研工作带来灵感。
2009年10月31日，钱学森逝世，举国哀痛，人们以各种方式纪念
他、缅怀他。
一个纯思维的世界
史蒂芬·霍金是物理学界最负盛名、最具天赋的科学家之一。大多
数人都很熟悉他坐在轮椅上无法动弹、只能通过电脑来说话的样子。
他因患病致使其大部分肌肉萎缩无力，他的世界变成了一个抽象思维
的世界。
霍金最早成名于1964年，当时他身体健康，行动自如，是剑桥大
学物理学研究生。总的来说，宇宙起源有两大理论：第一个是稳恒态
理论，认为宇宙无始无终；另一个是大爆炸理论，认为宇宙始于时空
中的一个点。稳恒态概念的最大拥护者是剑桥大学的弗雷德·霍伊尔教
授。在霍伊尔的一次讲座中，霍金在问答环节站了起来，指出霍伊尔
教授计算有误。错误纠正之后显示大爆炸理论而非稳恒态理论是正确
的。不久，天文学家用望远镜观察宇宙，验证了霍金对大爆炸理论的
研究。一位明星就此诞生。
那么，是什么使史蒂芬·霍金成为一名天才的呢？除了才华横溢之
外，他还是一个勇敢的人，尽管有时候言行举止比较随意。他敢说别
人不敢说的话，做别人不敢做的梦。此外，他意志坚定。无论是作为
一位科学家，还是与病魔作斗争，这种品质对他都大有帮助。最重要
的是，霍金敢于承认错误。这些性格特点的奇特组合使得他成为二十
世纪与二十一世纪最伟大的思想家之一。
Step 3｜背出彩佳句
一、开门见山，指出要介绍的科学家的历史地位
1. Born in 1911， he/she was one of the greatest scientists in the 20th
century.
生于1911年，他/她是二十世纪最伟大的科学家之一。
2. As we all know， he/she is one of the most famous medical scientists
in the 21st century in China.
众所周知，他/她是中国二十一世纪最著名的医学科学家之一。
二、描写要介绍的科学家的重要事迹
1. He/She studied at a key local high school and graduated from Tsinghua
University.
他/她在当地的一所重点高中学习，毕业于清华大学。
2. He got an award in 1998 for having played an important role in
scientific research.
因为在科学研究中发挥了重要作用，他在1998年获奖。
3. He/She devoted all his/her life to scientific research and his/her
scientific findings have benefited people all over the world.
他/她一生致力于科学研究，他/她的科研成果使全世界人民受益。
三、科学家的影响及客观评价
His/Her story tells us that we should value what we have，and try our
best to overcome any difficulty in life.
他/她的故事告诉我们：我们应该重视我们所拥有的，尽最大努力克服
生活中的任何困难。
假定你是李华，一年一度的世界科学节临近，英文杂志《新科学
家》正在组织英语征文比赛，请你以The Scientist I Admire Most为
题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
（1）介绍科学家；
（2）敬佩的原因。
注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右；
（2）请按如下格式作答。
The Scientist I Admire Most
一、合理布局，精心谋篇
二、遣词造句，规范得体
1. 几十年前，一位名叫屠呦呦的中国科学家受到启发，开始使用中药
治疗疟疾。（过去分词作后置定语）
Decades ago， to
use traditional Chinese medicine to treat malaria.
2. 这似乎是一个相当困难的壮举，因为之前几乎没有相关的研究。
This seemed to be a rather difficult feat，
.
a Chinese scientist named Tu Youyou was inspired
because there was almost no
relevant research before
3. 一些科学家对此表现出消极的态度，这使得它更难实现。（定
语从句）
Some scientists showed a negative attitude towards it，
.
4. 这存在障碍。她从未放弃。
There .She .
which made it
harder to achieve
were barriers
never gave up
5. 她有一种强烈的愿望，想找到治疗这种疾病的方法，于是她全身心
地投入这个实验中。
She ， and she
devoted herself to the experiment wholeheartedly.
6. 多次尝试后， 她成功地实现了自己的梦想。
After many attempts， she successfully .
7. 她被授予诺贝尔医学奖。
She in medicine.
had a strong desire to find a cure for the disease
realised her dream
was awarded the Nobel Prize
8. 给我印象最深的是她的坚强意志。
is her strong will.
9. 这使我相信我也会实现我的目标。
This makes me believe that .
What impressed me most
I will also achieve my goals
三、恰当衔接，自然过渡
使用although、 and、 after等过渡词汇，把屠呦呦值得敬佩的原因连接
成段。
Although there were barriers， she never gave up.She had a strong desire
to find a cure for the disease， and she devoted herself to the experiment
wholeheartedly.After many attempts， she successfully realised her dream
and was awarded the Nobel Prize in medicine.
四、认真誊写，赏心悦目
The Scientist I Admire Most
Decades ago， a Chinese scientist named Tu Youyou was inspired
to use traditional Chinese medicine to treat malaria.This seemed to be a
rather difficult feat， because there was almost no relevant research
before.What’s more， some scientists showed a negative attitude towards
it， which made it harder to achieve.
Although there were barriers， she never gave up.She had a strong
desire to find a cure for the disease， and she devoted herself to the
experiment wholeheartedly.After many attempts， she successfully
realised her dream and was awarded the Nobel Prize in medicine.
What impressed me most is her strong will.This makes me believe
that I will also achieve my goals.
词汇 情感
描写 ①frustrated adj.懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的
②determined adj.下定决心的，坚定的
③willing adj.乐意的
动作
描写 ①suspect vt.& vi.怀疑；疑有；不信任
②blame vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责
③cast vt.投射；向……投以（视线、笑容等）；投掷
④pour vt.倒出；倾泻；斟（饮料）
⑤trace vt.追溯；追踪；查出
⑥defend vt.保卫；防守；辩解
佳句
1.As a young doctor，John Snow became frustrated because no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera. （情绪描写）
2.Besides being brilliant， he was brave，though sometimes careless in what he said or did.He was willing to say what others were afraid to say，and to dream of what others were afraid to dream about.Furthermore，he was quite determined. （人物描写）
3.No sooner had I got the chance to explain than she rushed into the pouring rain. （动作描写）
情境导语：被怀疑偷了一位女士的金戒指，我非常懊恼，尽最大努力
追踪真正的小偷以捍卫我的清白……
第一步：完成句子雏形现
1. the woman’s gold ring，which cast a
cloud of gloom over my face.
我被怀疑偷了这位女士的金戒指，这使我脸上蒙上了一层阴影。
2. like a flood.
我是如此懊恼以至于泪水像洪水一样顺着脸颊流下来。
I was suspected of stealing
I was so frustrated that tears poured down my cheeks
3. I thought why I should .
我想我为什么要替别人背黑锅呢。
4. So I tried my best to my innocence.
因此我尽最大努力追踪真正的小偷以捍卫我的清白。
5. ，I am greatly convinced that I will
prove that I was wronged.
在朋友们的帮助下，我深信我会证明我是被冤枉的。
take the blame for somebody else
trace the real thief to defend
With my friends assisting me
6. 用倒装句改写句2
第三步：过渡衔接连成篇
So frustrated was I that tears poured down my cheeks like a flood.
I was suspected of stealing the woman’s gold ring， which cast a
cloud of gloom over my face.So frustrated was I that tears poured down my
cheeks like a flood.Then I thought why I should take the blame for
somebody else.So I tried my best to trace the real thief to defend my
innocence.With my friends assisting me， I am greatly convinced that I
will prove that I was wronged.
第二步：句式升级造亮点
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1. On my way back to the hotel last night， I lost my way in the complete
darkness， and to make things worse， it began to （下大雨）.
2. The player’s （杰出的） performance left a deep
impression on everyone present.
3. All the teachers are satisfied with your （绝妙的）
performance in the speech contest.
pour
outstanding
brilliant
4. I have the faith that I can be a helpful （助手） to the
event organizers.
assistant
Ⅱ.补全句子
1. Lucy （有……天赋） creating an atmosphere for her
students which allows them to communicate freely with each other.
2. I （感染） the flu and my doctor insisted that I
should stay indoors for a week or so.
3. It is reported that a team consisting of five experts will be
（负责） the club.
4. （最重要的是）， as a native of Jinan， I know this
city and its culture very well.
5. What the teachers have done （对……有很
大影响） their students in the future.
has a gift for
came down with
in charge
of
Above all
has a great impact on
课时检测·提能力
Ⅰ.品句填词
1. As China furthers its opening up， its economic growth remains （稳定的）.
2. We students have to pay much attention to our lessons， so it’s not
our （过错） that we know little of society.
3. On seeing other competitors’ （出色的） performance， I began to lose confidence in myself.
4. It’s hard for the victims to wipe out the （阴影） of that
terrible earthquake from their hearts.
steady
fault
outstanding
shadow
5. As is known to all， the rose could represent love and affection， and
the （彩虹） could symbolize hope.
6. On Friday night I had such a （生动的） dream that I can
still remember the feeling.
7. A great many c measures have been taken by our government
to contain it.
8. It is acknowledged that reading lays a s foundation for further
learning.
rainbow
vivid
oncrete
olid
Ⅱ.词形转换
1. Willing to help Bernard， the children got down to
（prepare） popcorn the instant they got what they needed.
2. In reality，the mechanic made a severe mistake，
（shift） nervously from one foot to another.
3. The new study’s （find） warn that the global warming is
becoming more and more serious.
4. （initial）， it will do harm to our health and may cause
short-sightedness.
preparing
shifting
findings
Initially
5. Stop the negative （think） and focus on solving those
problems.
6. I’m writing to apply for the job as an （assist） in your
travel agency.
7. No matter how （gift） you are， you alone cannot change
the world.
thinking
assistant
gifted
Ⅲ.固定搭配和句式
1. （know） as “the father of hybrid rice”， Yuan Longping
devoted his whole life to studying rice.
2. If you are always cast by such kind of failure， you will
never succeed.
3. Though he came down a severe disease， he was still
willing （help） over the course of the project.
4. She couldn’t make herself （hear） above the noise of the
traffic.
Known
down
with
to help
heard
5. I have never taken part in a （meaningful）
activity than this one.
6. （最重要的是）， as an outgoing boy and an English
lover， I’m sure we’ll find much in common.
7. Under his leadership， more and more young people are
（负责） the research of hybrid rice.
8. It is true that tea houses in Hangzhou （追
溯至） the Southern Song Dynasty.
9. （受到人类活动的严重影
响）， many wild animals are in danger of extinction.
more meaningful
Above all
in charge
of
trace back to/date from
Seriously affected by human activities
Ⅳ.一词多义/熟词生义
快速阅读下列句子并选出句中加蓝词汇对应的意思
1. vivid
A. adj.生动的 B. adj.鲜艳的
C. adj.清楚的 D. adj.丰富的
①He gave a vivid account of his life as a fighter pilot.
②The actresses were wearing vivid historical costumes.
③Mary is a woman with a vivid imagination.
④I have vivid memories of my grandparents.
A
B
D
C
2. He is determined to hire a famous lawyer to defend himself in court.
3. It is necessary to supply an abstract of the review of the literature as
well.
4. The posts have to be set in concrete.
v.辩解，辩护
n.摘要
n.混凝土
快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加蓝词汇的意思
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
（2025·岳阳高二上检测）What are scientists？They are often
described as grey-haired and white-coated dull scholars.
But the world has changed.Young scientists are making their voices
heard and releasing their powers on the world stage.
This is also true in China.Rising stars include new materials expert
Gong Yongji， university professor Liu Mingzhen， and biologist Wan
Ruixue.
At the age of 28 in 2018， Wan Ruixue received the 2018 Science
Prize for Young Scientists.This is a global prize to reward outstanding
scientists at an early stage of their careers.
She focuses mainly on Biomedicine and Molecular Biology （分子生
物学）.“Both are cutting-edge （尖端的） technologies at an early stage
of development，” she said.
“So， I think they have great potential to be developed.I think in the
study of cutting-edge technologies， China and other leading countries in
the world are standing at the same starting line.And in the study of
Structural Biology， China is likely to become the leader.”
She felt it was her fate to become a biologist.“I grew interested in the
natural world when I was very young，” she said.In 2009， she entered
Sun Yat-sen University.
In her third year at university， she realised that she wanted to do
something related to biomedicine.So she e-mailed China’s top biologist Shi
Yigong， hoping to join his lab at Tsinghua University.
Shi recognized her talent and welcomed her.Years of efforts at the lab
have paid off.Her research on the high-definition 3D structure of
spliceosome （剪接体） led to a scientific breakthrough.
Unlike many other young scientists who choose to pursue further
study abroad， Wan currently has no plan to go overseas.
“The whole ecosystem for scientific research is continually improving
in China，” she said， adding that the country has great science facilities.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要以中国生物学家万蕊雪为
代表，介绍了她是如何一步步取得如今在科学领域的成就，从而描
绘出中国青年科学家的崛起风貌。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要以中国生物学家万蕊雪为
代表，介绍了她是如何一步步取得如今在科学领域的成就，从而描
绘出中国青年科学家的崛起风貌。
1. What does the underlined word “releasing” in paragraph 2 mean？
（ ）
A. Giving out. B. Getting over.
C. Finding out. D. Taking over.
解析： 词义猜测题。根据第二段画线词前的内容可知，年轻的科
学家们正在世界舞台上发声。故可推知，画线词releasing their powers
与making their voices heard为并列关系，意思相近，应是 “释放他们的
力量”的意思，与A项意义一致。
√
2. What does Wan Ruixue feel about the study of cutting-edge technologies
in China？（ ）
A. Anxious. B. Confident.
C. Disappointed. D. Satisfied.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第六段内容可知，关于中国前沿技术的
研究，万蕊雪认为中国和其他国家站在同一起跑线上，在结构生物学
研究领域，万蕊雪认为中国很可能成为领头羊。故推知，她对中国前
沿技术的研究充满信心。
√
3. What can we learn about Wan Ruixue’s journey of becoming a
biologist？（ ）
A. Her teacher led her into the field.
B. She finds it’s easier than she thought.
C. Her contribution has been recognized.
D. She thinks it’s boring but worth trying.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第四段第一句可知，2018年，28岁的万
蕊雪获得2018年青年科学家科学奖。故推知，在万蕊雪成为生物学家
的过程中，她的付出得到了认可。
√
4. Which can be the best title of the text？（ ）
A. China’s Breakthrough in Science
B. Rising Young Scientists in China
C. Successful Chinese Scientists
D. New Image of Chinese Scientists
解析： 标题归纳题。通读全文内容及第二段第二句可知，文章主
要介绍了中国年轻科学家的崛起。故B项最适合作文章标题。
√
B
（2025·濮阳高二上期末）If you hear someone say that there’s “an
elephant in the room”， there’s no need to be worried.This is an idiom that
means there’s a big， clear problem or difficult situation that people don’t
want to talk about.It’s almost as if there’s an elephant standing in the
corner， but everyone is pretending it’s not there！ So you might
understand why “The elephant in the room” is the name Dutch artist
Johannes-Harm Hovinga gave to his new project.
For 20 days during June and July 2024， Hovinga sat in a museum in
the Dutch city of Arnhem and used a tool to make holes in the 7，700-page
United Nations report on climate change.
This was an artistic protest.He wanted to draw attention to climate
change and to show that the world’s governments aren’t doing enough to
try to save the planet.“Climate change is the elephant in the room”，
Hovinga was saying through his art — the big， clear problem that we’re
not doing enough about.
He had printed the pages of the report on different colored paper so
that when he made the holes， there were large piles of colorful circles
next to the table where he sat.People were able to watch Hovinga making
his holes between 22 June and 14 July， and see those piles getting
bigger.Some visitors were touched as they watched， the museum said.
Each day， Hovinga sat for six hours making holes， only drinking
water and taking short breaks to use the bathroom.He said he began taking
painkillers after two days because of the pain in his back， neck， and
arms.The project ended on 25 July when Hovinga returned to take the
paper piles away.But he has more hole-making projects planned for the
future.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了荷兰艺术家
Johannes-Harm Hovinga通过一项特殊的艺术行为——在联合国气候
变化报告的每一页上打孔，来抗议全球气候变化问题，并指出这是
一个被忽视但明显存在的重大问题（即“an elephant in the room”）。
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了荷兰艺术家
Johannes-Harm Hovinga通过一项特殊的艺术行为——在联合国气候
变化报告的每一页上打孔，来抗议全球气候变化问题，并指出这是
一个被忽视但明显存在的重大问题（即“an elephant in the room”）。
5. Why is the idiom mentioned in the first paragraph？（ ）
A. To lead in the name of a project.
B. To describe an interesting scene.
C. To explain a common language usage.
D. To show a special animal painted by an artist.
解析： 推理判断题。文章第一段解释了an elephant in the room这个
习语的含义，结合第一段最后一句可知，提到这个习语是为了引出荷
兰艺术家新项目的名字。
√
6. What is Hovinga’s purpose of his behaviour？（ ）
A. To promote his artworks.
B. To help protect the Earth.
C. To advertise a new art style.
D. To call for action to care for elephants.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段前两句可知，Hovinga这么做是想
引起人们对气候变化的关注，表明各国政府在拯救地球方面做得不
够，其目的是呼吁人们采取行动保护地球。
√
7. Which of the following can best describe Hovinga？（ ）
A. Odd but flexible.
B. Humorous and energetic.
C. Picky but productive.
D. Creative and responsible.
√
解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句可知，Hovinga通过在联合
国气候变化报告上打孔这一独特的艺术形式来表达对气候变化问题的
关注，这种方式新颖且富有创意，展现了他的创造力；再根据第三段
第前两句可知，Hovinga意识到气候变化这一全球性问题，并通过自
己的行动，试图引起人们对该问题的重视，促使各国政府采取更多行
动来拯救地球，体现了他对地球环境的责任感。
8. What can be learned from the last two paragraphs？（ ）
A. Hovinga had great fun doing his work.
B. Hovinga wants more people to join him.
C. Hovinga will continue with similar projects.
D. Hovinga broke off the project because of pain.
解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，Hovinga计划在
未来开展更多类似打孔的项目。
√
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
（2025·太原高二上期末）
Embracing Change： A Journey Towards
Personal Growth and Success
Embracing change is like trying a new flavor of ice cream — you
might be doubtful at first， but the taste could be surprisingly delightful at
last！ The miracle is all about shifting your mindset and daring to dance
with the unknown.9.（ ）.
To start with， take a good look at your life and spot the areas that
could use a change.Is there a dream job you are too scared to chase？10.
（ ）？Either way， never let fear hold you back.
Take baby steps towards change when you’ve set up your goal.11.
（ ）.Remember， change is like a slow-cooked meal.It needs time
and patience.Make a one-year self-improvement plan and celebrate every
tiny victory as you go.
12. （ ）.Be ready to question your old beliefs and expand your
horizons.Just as Steve Jobs puts it， “Stay hungry， stay foolish”.It’s in
these moments of constant learning that you’ll uncover your hidden
superpower.
Be gentle with yourself through it all.Difficulties in life？ Treat them
as opportunities， not failures.Remember， every step is a lesson in your
personal evolution.
Thus， here’s what change is — may it be your trusty companion on
the adventure to an extraordinary life.13.（ ）， so unlock the door
and make yourself a real ruler！
A. Here is how to make it happen
B. Or a skill you are eager to master
C. Keep your appetite for knowledge
D. Change is the key to your own kingdom
E. Turn to your friends when you feel upset
F. After all， sticking to your own opinion is a safe choice
G. Break your goal into bite-sized tasks and overcome them one by one
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了拥抱变化对于个人
成长和成功的重要性，并提供了一些实现变化的步骤和建议。
9. A 上文提到拥抱改变需要转变心态、敢于面对未知。而下文则
开始介绍如何拥抱改变。A项承上启下，引出下文具体做法，符合
语境。
10. B 上文提到审视生活中需要改变的领域，问是否有不敢追寻的理
想工作。B项与上文Is there a dream job you are too scared to chase？句
式相似，都是关于生活中想要做出改变的方面。
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了拥抱变化对于个人
成长和成功的重要性，并提供了一些实现变化的步骤和建议。
11. G 上文提出朝着改变迈出小步。G项具体说明了如何迈出小步，
符合该段主旨。
12. C 空处为段首句，为本段主旨句。根据下文可知，本段提到要乐
于质疑旧信念、拓展视野，强调要不断学习。C项与下文内容相符，
能概括本段主旨。
13. D 根据下文so unlock the door and make yourself a real ruler可知，
作者建议读者要成为自己的主宰。D项与之呼应，说明改变对于掌控
自己生活的重要性，就像钥匙对于打开王国之门一样。
Ⅲ.完形填空
（2025·湖北部分市高二上期末）A few years ago， we bought a
model Lego set for my dad’s birthday， hoping to combine his love for
architecture with family time.Each evening， my dad and I 14 the
large dining table to plan our line of attack.We faced thousands of 15
white pieces， each packaged with precision in numbered plastic
bags， 16 by a thick instruction booklet.
We were amazed by how 17 the model was.We also realised the
booklet itself was a work of art， beautiful， but also surprisingly 18
and clear.It provided us with the comfort of 19 .We knew if we
followed all the 20 ， we would end up with a mode that
looked 21 like the picture on the box.If we made a mistake， all we
had to do was 22 our steps， flip back the pages and start again.
Life， however， does not 23 together so neatly and 24
provides us with such clear instructions.We talked over our respective
lives， decisions made， and actions and choices never 25 .We think
we have the ability of 26 our life， but our choices are shaped
by 27 beyond our control.In the face of uncertainty， we have
to 28 ， trusting both in the process and the end result.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者和父亲一起拼
装乐高模型的经历，并从中感悟到人生与拼乐高的不同之处。
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者和父亲一起拼
装乐高模型的经历，并从中感悟到人生与拼乐高的不同之处。
14. A. gathered around B. sided with
C. lived off D. straightened up
解析： 根据the large dining table to plan our line of attack可知，作者
和父亲围坐在餐桌旁计划拼装的策略。
15. A. vast B. tiny C. relevant D. original
解析： 根据white pieces， each packaged with precision in numbered
plastic bags和常识可知，乐高积木是很小的白色积木块。
√
√
16. A. favored B. accompanied
C. transformed D. covered
解析： 根据by a thick instruction booklet可知，乐高积木附有一本
厚厚的说明书。
17. A. impractical B. unique
C. complex D. dull
解析： 根据下文We also realised the booklet itself was a work of art，
beautiful， but also surprisingly 18 and clear.可知，说明书既漂亮又
清晰详细，故可推知模型很复杂。
√
√
18. A. ordinary B. abstract
C. meaningless D. detailed
解析：D 根据clear可知，说明书详细且清晰。
19. A. certainty B. relaxation
C. insecurity D. competition
解析： 根据下文We knew if we followed all the 20 ， we would
end up with a mode that looked 21 like the picture on the box.可知，
如果我们按照说明书来，就能拼出和图片一样的模型，这给了我们确
定性的安慰。
√
√
20. A. assessments B. circumstances
C. instructions D. inferences
解析： 根据上文 16 by a thick instruction booklet可知，此处指
遵循说明书。
21. A. initially B. ultimately
C. exactly D. partly
解析： 根据like the picture on the box可知，拼出的模型和图片一模
一样。
√
√
22. A. recycle B. retrace C. reveal D. recall
解析： 根据our steps， flip back the pages and start again可知，如果
拼错的话要回溯步骤，翻回前几页重新开始。
23. A. fit B. occupy C. shift D. involve
解析： 根据together so neatly可知，生活并不像乐高积木那样整齐
地契合在一起。
√
√
24. A. fundamentally B. merely
C. slightly D. rarely
解析：D 根据Life， however， does not 23 together so neatly可
知，生活很少会给我们提供如此清晰的指示。
25. A. motivated B. declined
C. opposed D. taken
解析： 根据actions and choices可知，此处指从未采取的行动和做
出的选择。
√
√
26. A. controlling B. designing
C. analyzing D. founding
解析：A 根据our life可知，此处指控制生活。
27. A. rays B. forces
C. shadows D. instances
解析： 根据beyond our control可知，是无法控制的力量影响我们的
选择。
√
√
28. A. proceed B. succeed
C. predict D. interrupt
解析： 根据trusting both in the process and the end result可知，面对
不确定性要继续前进。
√