2026中考英语二轮复习专题突破精讲本01 句子成分及简单句的基本句型—课件

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人教2026中考英语二轮复习 讲解课件
专题突破
第二部分
句子成分及简单句的基本句型
湖北等地适用
一、句子成分
成分 作用 组成部分 例句
主语 句子说明的人或事物。 名词、代词或相当于名词的词或短语等。 ①Lucy is an American girl.
②She often goes to the movies.
一、句子成分
成分 作用 组成部分 例句
谓语 对主语加以说明，表示主语的行为或状态。 及物动词、不及物动词、系动词等。 ①We are both quiet.
②He has a toothache.
成分 作用 组成部分 例句
宾语 动作的对象或承受者。 名词、代词或相当于名词的词或短语等。 ①Let me tell you what he is like.
②He’s playing soccer.
成分 作用 组成部分 例句
宾语补 足语 对宾语的补充。 名词、形容词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语等。 ①I found the book very interesting.
②My mother wants me to drink it.
成分 作用 组成部分 例句
表语 表示主语的性质，状态或特征。 名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语等。 ①He is a teacher.
②The book is interesting.
③My English book is on the desk.
成分 作用 组成部分 例句
定语 修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子。 除形容词外，还有代词、数词、名词、介词短语或相当于形容词的词或短语等。 ①Peel three bananas.
②What’s your name, please？
③She’s a good basketball player.
成分 作用 组成部分 例句
状语 说明时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等，用于修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。 副词、介词短语或相当于副词的词或短语等。 ①I like it very much.
②People are all working hard.
③Hong Kong is not very cold in winter.
二、简单句的基本句型
类别 主语 Subject （S） 谓语动词 Verb （V） 表语 Predicative （P） 宾语 Object （O） 宾语补足语
Object Complement （OC）
第1种 S＋V We exercise. （不及物动词）
第2种 S＋V＋O I like （及物动词） bananas.
类别 主语 Subject （S） 谓语动词 Verb （V） 表语 Predicative （P） 宾语 Object （O） 宾语补足语
Object Complement （OC）
第3种 S＋V＋P They are （系动词） students.
类别 主语 Subject （S） 谓语动词 Verb （V） 表语 Predicative （P） 宾语 Object （O） 宾语补足语
Object Complement （OC）
第4种 S＋V＋indirect O＋direct O She gave (及物动词) me （间接宾语） a book. （直接宾语）
类别 主语 Subject （S） 谓语动词 Verb （V） 表语 Predicative （P） 宾语 Object （O） 宾语补足语
Object Complement （OC）
第5种 S＋V＋O＋OC He made （及物动词） the boy laugh.
类别 主语 Subject （S） 谓语动词 Verb （V） 表语 Predicative （P） 宾语 Object （O） 宾语补足语
Object Complement （OC）
第6种 There be句型(存现句) There 　is 　a tree behind the shop.　 系动词　主语　　 地点状语　 用be的适当形式填空。
1.(2025·白银)Look! There a notebook and three keys on the desk.
2.Life is a book and there still many pages I haven't read yet.
3.(2026·原创)There an amazing drone show last night!
4.(2026·原创)There a rocket launch live(发射直播) stream next month!
5.(2024·长春改编)There many ancient Chinese poems in this book.
is
are
was
will be
are
6.(2024·甘肃省卷)—Your brother left his umbrella at home.There must heavy rain this afternoon.
—Don't worry,Mom.I'll bring it to him.
7.【易错点】(2026·原创)There a drone and a phone in his backpack.
8.【易错点】There AI robots and a 3D printer in the science lab.
9.【易错点】There some milk and some butter in the fridge.
10.【易错点】(2026·原创)There might a flying car prototype(原型) soon！
be
is
are
is
be
一、从方框中选择恰当的单词或短语填空。
why　shall　let's　how long no　how much　what an
1.(2025·成都)— is the sports center closed today
—Here's a notice.Let's have a look.
2.(2025·扬州)— do you remember about this week's news
—None,I'm afraid.
3.(2024·白银)— have you been learning English
—For 7 years.
Why
How much
How long
4.(2026·原创) we use 3D printing technology to make our own unique handicrafts in the DIY class
5. volunteer to help the elderly learn how to use smartphones so that they can keep in touch with each other.
6.That robot can dance. amazing robot it is!
7.There isn't any food in the fridge.
【变式训练】There is food in the fridge.
Shall
Let's
What
no
二、用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
1.There (be) some solar(太阳的) energy and some wind power used in this city.
2.No (phone) during family dinner!
3.(2026·原创)There (be) a robot waiter and two waitresses in that futuristic café！
4.Why are you angry with your friend (do) he break your favorite toy
is
phones
is
Did
5.(2024·眉山改编)I like cycling so much that there (be) nothing in the world that can bring me such pleasure.
6. (close) the door before you leave,please.
7.Look！There are some boys (play) basketball on the playground.
8.—Can we fish here
—No,the sign there says “No (fish)”.
is
Close
playing
fishing
三、(2026·原创：跨学科)阅读短文,从方框中选择恰当的单词并用其适当形式填空。
外星人降临校园？
or　run　do　could　would　be
who　how　what　never
“Look! Is that a UFO hovering above our school？” shouted Tom.The whole class rushed to the window.1. on earth was happening
What
“2. panic(恐慌)！” ordered Ms.Lee.“Let's observe(观测) carefully.” No 3. ,no screaming! The UFO landed silently on the playground.Was it friendly 4. dangerous
Suddenly,a blue skinned alien stepped out.“Hello,Earthlings(地球人)！” it said in perfect English.5. aliens really speak our language
Lily said in a surprised voice,“6. amazing！” There were lights flashing all around the UFO.The alien lifted a strange piece of equipment(设备) and asked,“7. you like to learn interstellar(星际的) math or space history？”
Don't
running
or
Could
How
Would
Jake gave a warning,“8. trust unknown creatures(生物)！” However, their curiosity(好奇心) was stronger.Emma then said,“Let's ask them about their own planet！”
Just then,the bell rang—was this a dream or reality(现实) The alien waved goodbye.There 9. no time left!
“What an unforgettable day！” everyone cheered.Will they return 10. 1 knows！
Never
was
Who
Thanks!
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